Temporal Variation of Airborne Cupressaceae, Pinus, and Quercus Pollen and Their Relationship with Environmental Variables in Three Sites of Mexico City

Temporal Variation of Airborne Cupressaceae, Pinus, and Quercus Pollen and Their Relationship with Environmental Variables in Three Sites of Mexico City | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Temporal Variation of Airborne Cupressaceae, Pinus, and Quercus Pollen and Their Relationship with Environmental Variables in Three Sites of Mexico City Judith Tamar Martínez-Jiménez, Maria del Carmen Calderón Ezquerro, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8874359/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Climatic factors influence plant physiology and distribution, thereby affecting pollen production and its aerobiological processes. We analyzed the relationship between the reproductive phenology of Cupressaceae, Pinus sp., and Quercus sp. Airborne pollen was sampled using a Hirst-type volumetric spore trap at three locations: Coyoacán, Cuajimalpa, and Desierto de los Leones. For the three pollen types, the main pollination period (MPP), seasonal variation, and peak pollen emission dates were determined. The relationship between meteorological parameters and the MPP was assessed using Spearman’s correlation test, while the Kruskal–Wallis test (Dunn’s post hoc) was applied to compare pollen types and sampling sites. Wind trajectory and pollen grain deposition were analyzed using the HYSPLIT model. The pollination period of the Cupressaceae family began in July–August and ended in February. Pinus sp. started between August and December and concluded between May and July, whereas Quercus sp. began between February and March and ended between May and June. Spearman’s analysis revealed positive correlations with temperature and solar radiation, and negative correlations with precipitation and relative humidity. The number of pollination days for Cupressaceae and Pinus sp. was similar between Coyoacán and Cuajimalpa, but differed significantly from Desierto de los Leones. In contrast, Quercus sp. showed no significant differences among the three sampling areas. The HYSPLIT model indicated that wind currents at different altitudes originated from varying directions, highlighting potential emission sources of the different pollen types. Cupressaceae pollen was present in the atmosphere throughout the year, whereas Pinus and Quercus pollen exhibited interannual and seasonal fluctuations due to their biennial periodicity and the flowering patterns of different species. Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 1 Introduction In Mexico City (CDMX) (2240 m a.s.l.), its geographic location favors a wide variety of ecosystems that host numerous species from both arboreal and herbaceous strata, such as Abies–Pinus–Quercus forests, grasslands, xerophilous scrublands, and wetland areas (Rzedowski et al ., 2005; Castillo, 2007). In addition, introduced species are commonly used in green areas, residential and commercial complexes, as well as along roadways. The considerable release of allergenic pollen into the atmosphere, resulting from the great diversity of plant species in Mexico City, is a frequent cause of disorders such as asthma, rhinitis, and allergic conjunctivitis among its inhabitants. (Pawankar et al ., 2011). In this context, pollen calendars have been a fundamental tool for visualizing and understanding the distribution, timing, and concentration of different pollen taxa (Calderón et al., 2015; Katotomichelakis et al ., 2015), with the aim of informing the population about periods of high atmospheric pollen concentrations and thus promoting prevention and health care. For the release of pollen grains through the anthers of different tree species to occur and subsequently affect the health of the inhabitants, several factors are required, such as time of day, biological parameters, and meteorological conditions, among which temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, and wind speed are particularly relevant (Nowosad, 2015; Ojrzyn´ska, 2020). The rupture and opening of anthers are usually controlled by a cohesion mechanism. As a result of water loss, tension increases in the cell walls, allowing pollen release; therefore, this mechanism is closely associated with air humidity (Puc, 2012). In this context, various aerobiological studies have demonstrated the influence of daily temperature on pollen release, indicating that even small changes in temperature can have a significant impact on flowering (Alvarado et al ., 2002; Ziello et al ., 2012; Cavieres et al ., 2021). It has been evidenced that plants are sensitive to climate change, as they respond with variations in their different phenological phases, affecting pollen production. Consequently, aerobiological processes have been modified in terms of the onset, duration, and intensity of the pollen season (Frenguelli, 2002a; Galán et al ., 2008; Cecchi et al ., 2010; Morales et al ., 2016). There is evidence of an earlier onset of the pollination period, influenced by temperature in various tree species such as Alnus sp., Betula sp., Castanea sp., Cupressaceae, Olea sp., Pinus sp., and Quercus sp. (Frenguelli et al ., 2002b; Jato et al ., 2002; Fernández-González et al ., 2021). Ziska et al . (2019) conducted a comprehensive analysis of pollen intensity datasets from Europe and North America over the past 20 years, highlighting an increase in the duration of the pollen season (on average 0.9 days per year), which was associated with rising temperatures. It is also important to note that in urban areas, temperature is exacerbated by the urban heat island effect, resulting in an earlier start of the pollen season (D’Amato et al ., 2014). Another factor associated with diurnal changes in pollen concentration is wind. During the day, pollen clouds are easily transported upward by convection currents, and no selection occurs based on pollen grain size or mass. However, at night, larger and heavier grains settle more rapidly than smaller ones (Puc, 2012). This study aimed to develop a pollen calendar for Cuajimalpa and to analyze the interaction of environmental factors with the seasonal variation of Cupressaceae, Pinus sp., and Quercus sp. pollen in three areas of Mexico City. 2. Methods 2.1 Sampling Site and Study Period Pollen grain monitoring was carried out using a Hirst-type spore trap (Burkard Manufacturing Co., Ltd., UK) in two urban zones and one forest zone located in Mexico City. The urban zones included the municipality of Cuajimalpa (Santa Fe) (19°22′50.88″ N; 99°16′38.56″ W, 2590 m a.s.l.) (2010–2023), and the municipality of Coyoacán (Ciudad Universitaria) (19°19′18.2″ N; 99°11′7.8″ W, 2273 m a.s.l.) (2008–2023). The forest zone corresponded to Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones (PNDL) (Cuajimalpa municipality) (19°18′59″ N; 99°18′22″ W, 2960 m a.s.l.) (2016–2023) (Fig. 1). Fig 1. 2.2 Pollen Calendar Development for Cuajimalpa The pollen calendar model was constructed following the method proposed by Spieksma and Andersen (1991). It was based on data collected from the Mexican Aerobiology Network (REMA-UNAM) database (2010–2023) (REMA, 2021). Data were organized by year, and only those pollen types exceeding 1% of the total pollen grains collected were included. The number of pollen grains per cubic meter of air (pollen grains/m³, daily mean concentration) was calculated. The pictogram of the pollen calendar was prepared using Surfer 11 software (Golden Software Inc., CO, USA). 2.3 Phenological Analysis of Cupressaceae, Pinus , and Quercus The criterion for defining the start and end dates of the pollination period, as well as the duration of the Main Pollen Period (MPP), was established following the method of Andersen (1991). This method is based on excluding the tails of the cumulative percentage curve for each taxon, retaining 95% of the total. Thus, the onset of the flowering period is defined as the day on which 2.5% of the total annual pollen has accumulated, and the end is the day on which 97.5% of the total is reached (Nilsson and Persson, 1981). The duration of the pollination period was defined as the number of days between the start and end of the MPP. The peak day was considered the date on which the highest value (peak concentration) was recorded. The pre-peak period was defined as the interval between the beginning of the MPP and the peak day, while the post-peak period was defined as the interval between the peak day and the end of the MPP. This approach was used to show the interannual variation in pollen levels of Cupressaceae, Pinus sp., and Quercus sp. throughout the study years. 2.4 Data Analysis Meteorological records from the nearest stations were used for each site, corresponding either to University Network of Atmospheric Observatories (RUOA, 2023) or High School Meteorological Station Program (PEMBU 2023). 2.5 Statistical Analysis To compare the total number of days of the main pollen period in each locality across the different pollen types, the Kruskal–Wallis test was applied, followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison test for mean comparisons, using Prism V6.0 (GraphPad Software Inc., MA, USA). In addition, Spearman’s correlation was performed to assess the relationship between pollen concentrations and environmental factors such as temperature (maximum, minimum, and mean), relative humidity, solar radiation, and precipitation. Also, the Correlation and linear regression analyses were applied to examine the relationships between Main Pollen Period, temperature (maximum, minimum and mean) and relative humidity. The non-parametric Mann–Kendall test was used to determine temporal trends in the Annual Pollen Integral (API) and other Main Pollen Period (MPP) parameters (onset, end, duration, peak day, and peak value), following the approach proposed by Galán et al. (2017). These analyses were conducted using Statgraphics XVII (Statgraphics Technologies, Inc., VA, USA). Furthermore, for the three pollen types and for each locality, a summary was perform to the most relevant daily pollen concentrations (Table 7). To identify the potential sources of emission and resuspension of the different pollen grains, the HYSPLIT model (NOAA, Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, 2023) was applied to simulate wind direction and possible pollen dispersion trajectories at different altitudes (30, 50, and 200 m). The analysis highlighted the dates with the highest pollen emission across the different study periods and localities. Subsequently, Duncan’s multiple range test was performed with Statgraphics XVII (Statgraphics Technologies, Inc., VA, USA) to identify the likely distance of wind trajectories. 3. Results 3.1 Pollen Calendar The main percentages of pollen types recorded at the Cuajimalpa station corresponded to the families and genera: Cupressaceae, Fraxinus sp., Alnus sp., Quercus sp., Pinus sp., Urticaceae, Poaceae, and Casuarina sp. All other pollen types were represented with less than 1% of the total collected (Table 1). Table 1. Airborne pollen types collected in Cuajimalpa over 13 years. Taxa % Cupressaceae 46.35 Fraxinus sp. 18.59 Alnus sp . 9.97 Quercus sp. 7.82 Pinus sp. 3.86 Urticaceae 2.67 Poaceae 1.63 Casuarina sp. 1.44 Myrtaceae 0.87 Moraceae 0.78 Schinus sp. 0.76 Amaranthaceae 0.58 Asteraceae-Anthemidae 0.57 Rosaceae 0.31 Buddleia sp. 0.29 Populus sp. 0.27 Ricinus sp. 0.26 Ambrosia sp. 0.24 Asteraceae-Helianthus 0.21 Liquidambar sp. 0.19 Ligustrum sp. 0.19 Rumex sp. 0.17 Celtis sp. 0.14 Mimosa sp. 0.10 Artemisia sp. 0.06 The concentration of pollen grains collected from 2010 to 2023 showed fluctuations throughout the year. The months with the highest pollen concentrations were from November to February ( Alnus sp., Cupressaceae, and Fraxinus sp.), followed by March to May ( Quercus sp. and Pinus sp.) (Fig. 2). Fig. 2 3.2 Phenology 3.2.1 Quantitative analysis of interannual and seasonal variation Monitoring of Cupressaceae , Pinus , and Quercus pollen grains in the atmosphere was conducted in Coyoacán during the period 2008–2023, in Cuajimalpa from 2010–2023, and in PNDL from 2016–2023. The Annual Pollen Integral (API) of the pollination period differed across sampling periods and among the stations. In the Coyoacán station, Cupressaceae showed that the pollination period with the highest concentration occurred in 2009–2010 (21,718 pg/m³), while the lowest concentration was recorded in 2012–2013 (4,719 pg/m³). In the Cuajimalpa station, the highest atmospheric pollen concentration was observed in 2014–2015 (64,647 pg/m³), whereas the lowest abundance was in 2021–2022 (5,655 pg/m³). Finally, in the PNDL station, the highest value of airborne pollen was recorded in 2017–2018 (23,223 pg/m³), and the lowest in 2021–2022 (1,592 pg/m³) (Table 2). Table 2. Flowering periods of the Cupressaceae family at the three monitoring stations. Locality Year APIN * Date of the beginning of flowering Date of the end of flowering Pollen seasons Date of maximum concentration Maximum value (pollen grain/m3 air) Cupressaceae (A) Coyoacán 2008-2009 12,740 14/09/2008 29/05/2009 257 24/01/2009 504 2009-2010 21,718 19/09/2009 18/04/2010 211 20/01/2010 2146 2010-2011 11,344 04/11/2010 06/07/2011 244 06/02/2011 381 2011-2012 12,163 15/09/2011 02/06/2012 261 12/02/2012 553 2012-2013 4,719 01/09/2012 28/06/2013 300 15/01/2013 84 2013-2014 10,204 12/10/2013 21/07/2014 282 11/03/2014 84 2014-2015 7,919 10/08/2014 28/06/2015 322 21/01/2015 139 2015-2016 12,911 10/09/2015 14/07/2016 308 26/01/2016 323 2016-2017 13,072 21/08/2016 29/06/2017 312 29/11/2016 242 2017-2018 6,932 09/10/2017 09/07/2018 157 05/02/2018 235 2018-2019 7,607 25/08/2018 06/07/2019 315 22/01/2019 73 2019-2020 7,249 04/09/2019 12/07/2020 310 02/01/2020 115 2020-2021 5,809 16/08/2020 17/07/2021 308 25/01/2021 82 2021-2022 6,285 20/08/2021 13/07/2022 302 31/01/2022 112 2022-2023 4,941 25/08/2022 23/07/2023 242 31/01/2023 109 Cuajimalpa 2010-2011 23,251 12/11/2010 11/07/2011 241 08/01/2011 755 2011-2012 25,478 19/10/2011 22/05/2012 216 18/02/2012 1202 2012-2013 31,530 06/10/2012 03/07/2013 270 01/07/2013 1908 2013-2014 17,812 10/10/2013 07/06/2014 240 10/01/2014 644 2014-2015 64,647 19/10/2014 21/03/2015 153 11/01/2015 6270 2015-2016 24,493 20/09/2015 26/05/2016 249 31/01/2016 1125 2016-2017 23,243 13/11/2016 13/06/2017 212 28/11/2016 2626 2017-2018 12,704 16/09/2017 11/05/2018 198 02/02/2018 597 2018-2019 8,050 10/09/2018 17/06/2019 172 15/12/2018 320 2019-2020 9,389 29/10/2019 24/02/2020 98 01/02/2019 1415 2020-2021 2021-2022 5,655 21/11/2021 06/06/2022 145 01/05/2022 594 2022-2023 26,340 10/10/2022 13/06/2023 237 21/02/2023 990 PNDL 2016-2017 9,573 28/12/2016 10/05/2017 123 20/01/2017 689 2017-2018 23,223 13/09/2017 18/02/2018 79 06/12/2017 2156 2018-2019 19,612 01/09/2018 30/05/2019 258 15/10/2018 587 2019-2020 10,732 06/09/2019 06/03/2020 183 08/11/2019 330 2020-2021 2021-2022 1,592 07/02/2022 01/07/2022 129 10/02/2022 45 2022-2023 24,837 10/09/2022 13/05/2023 177 23/10/2022 974 * AIPn The Annual Pollen Integral For Pinus sp., it was observed that in the Coyoacán station, the highest representation of airborne pollen grains occurred in 2009–2010 (7,301 pg/m³), while the lowest concentration was in 2020–2021 (539 pg/m³). In contrast, in the Cuajimalpa station, the most abundant period was 2011–2012 (4,768 pg/m³), and the lowest concentration was recorded in 2021–2022 (1,125 pg/m³). Monitoring at Desierto de los Leones showed that the season with the highest pollen presence was 2018–2019 (2,245 pg/m³), whereas the lowest was in 2017–2018 (118 pg/m³) (Table 3). Table 3. Pollination periods of Pinus sp. at the monitoring stations. Locality Year APIN* Date of the beginning of flowering Date of the end of flowering Pollen seasons Date of maximum concentration Maximum value (pollen grain/m3 air) Pinus sp. (B) Coyoacán 2008-2009 2,390 02/12/2008 28/05/2009 177 19/02/2009 94 2009- 2010 7,301 14/01/2010 31/05/2010 137 19/02/2010 249 2010-2011 1,688 17/11/2010 19/05/2011 183 09/03/2011 51 2011-2012 4,110 29/12/2011 10/06/2012 164 08/03/2012 84 2012-2013 1,133 21/10/2012 24/06/2013 246 30/04/2013 26 2013-2014 1,441 02/09/2013 12/07/2014 313 30/04/2014 42 2014-2015 1,010 06/08/2014 01/07/2015 329 13/04/2015 34 2015-2016 2,004 10/11/2015 11/07/2016 244 08/05/2016 73 2016-2017 1,303 30/11/2016 27/06/2017 209 10/05/2017 31 2017-2018 1,068 08/12/2017 28/06/2018 162 15/04/2018 37 2018-2019 647 21/08/2018 17/07/2019 202 07/04/2019 23 2019-2020 647 22/08/2019 17/07/2020 202 07/04/2020 23 2020-2021 539 16/08/2020 20/07/2021 208 29/04/2021 18 2021-2022 954 25/09/2021 22/07/2022 206 04/05/2021 33 2022-2023 2,013 08/09/2022 23/06/2023 223 17/03/2023 72 Cuajimalpa 2010-2011 1,487 01/11/2010 23/05/2011 203 08/03/2011 83 2011-2012 4,768 16/12/2011 31/05/2012 167 20/03/2012 159 2012-2013 3,547 20/12/2012 16/06/2013 178 09/03/2013 73 2013-2014 3,491 14/12/2013 07/06/2014 175 16/03/2014 88 2014-2015 2,158 16/11/2014 04/06/2015 200 21/04/2015 69 2015-2016 3,272 13/12/2015 08/06/2016 178 13/04/2016 91 2016-2017 1,530 05/12/2016 05/06/2017 182 29/04/2017 52 2017-2018 1,142 19/11/2017 13/05/2018 110 09/03/2018 74 2018-2019 1,690 18/01/2019 20/06/2019 118 01/05/2019 54 2019-2020 117 07/08/2019 14/03/2020 79 27/01/2020 6 2020-2021 2021-2022 1,125 07/12/2021 09/06/2022 120 20/03/2022 51 2022-2023 3,967 07/11/2022 14/06/2023 198 14/03/2023 198 PNDL 2016-2017 2,310 22/02/2017 26/05/2017 79 01/04/2017 177 2017-2018 118 14/08/2017 15/06/2018 82 28/11/2017 5 2018-2019 2,245 17/02/2019 24/06/2019 125 03/04/2019 60 2019-2020 189 06/08/2019 14/03/2020 99 08/03/2020 15 2020-2021 2021-2022 1,363 08/03/2022 18/06/2022 93 18/03/2022 79 2022-2023 2,213 25/09/2022 28/05/2023 124 04/04/2023 120 * AIPn The Annual Pollen Integral The Quercus sp. pollen grains identified at the Coyoacán station indicated that the period with the highest airborne concentration occurred in 2009–2010 (5,671 pg/m³), while the lowest concentration was recorded in 2020–2021 (106 pg/m³). At the Cuajimalpa station, monitoring of this pollen type showed that the highest concentration was in 2011–2012 (9,705 pg/m³), whereas the lowest was in 2018–2019 (1,370 pg/m³). In the Desierto de los Leones site, the period with the highest representation occurred in 2021–2022 (1,515 pg/m³), and the lowest abundance was observed in 2017–2018 (36 pg/m³) (Table 4). Table 4. Pollination periods of Quercus sp. at the monitoring stations. Locality Year APIN* Date of the beginning of flowering Date of the end of flowering Pollen seasons Date of maximum concentration Maximum value (pollen grain/m3 air) Quercus sp. Coyoacán 2008-2009 1,389 14/12/2008 13/06/2009 181 14/03/2009 48 2010 5,671 01/03/2010 24/04/2010 54 23/03/2010 329 2011 1,382 19/02/2011 18/05/2011 88 08/03/2011 90 2012 3,562 03/03/2012 24/05/2012 82 19/03/2012 167 2013 507 24/02/2013 09/06/2013 105 28/03/2013 24 2014 1,246 23/02/2014 19/05/2014 85 27/03/2014 81 2015 1,193 03/03/2015 01/05/2015 59 17/04/2015 87 2016 1,087 24/03/2016 15/05/2016 52 14/04/2016 87 2017 654 22/02/2017 29/05/2017 96 09/04/2017 51 2018 2,248 06/03/2018 28/04/2018 54 28/03/2018 147 2019 1,262 03/03/2019 30/04/2019 59 10/03/2019 74 2020 1,074 03/03/2020 24/05/2020 81 23/03/2020 43 2021 106 26/02/2021 27/06/2021 123 14/03, 07/06/ 2021 7 2022 1,181 17/03/2022 15/05/2022 60 05/04/2022 75 2023 1,379 07/03/2023 06/06/2023 59 26/03/2023 101 Cuajimalpa 2011 2,765 18/02/2011 15/05/2011 86 07/03/2011 218 2012 9,705 02/03/2012 15/05/2012 74 20/03/2012 412 2013 3,679 19/02/2013 17/06/2013 118 31/03/2013 125 2014 8,253 27/02/2014 16/05/2014 78 24/03/2014 445 2015 3,357 18/02/2015 07/05/2015 78 13/04/2015 215 2016 4,405 15/03/2016 23/05/2016 69 11/04/2016 253 2017 2,139 13/02/2017 30/05/2017 106 09/04/2017 112 2018 5,799 05/03/2018 21/04/2018 38 18/03/2018 568 2019 1,370 13/02/2019 30/06/2019 100 09/04/2019 120 2019-2020 252 28/08/2019 14/03/2020 55 13/03/2020 30 2020-2021 2022 1,738 07/02/2022 20/05/2022 76 03/04/2022 127 2022-2023 4,589 18/12/2022 12/06/2023 133 12/03/2023 276 PNDL 2017 422 02/02/2017 04/06/2017 97 09/04/2017 25 2017-2018 36 08/09/2017 11/06/2018 70 25/02/2018 5 2019 933 26/02/2019 08/05/2019 67 12, 13, 14/04/2019 45 2020 384 28/02/2020 14/03/2020 14 03/03/2020 76 2020-2021 2022 1,515 09/03/2022 15/05/2022 58 17/03/2022 99 2023 1,386 22/04/2023 15/05/2023 32 11/05/2023 170 * AIPn The Annual Pollen Integral The start and end dates of the MPP for the Cupressaceae family were determined (Figure 3A). In Coyoacán (2008–2023), the MPP began between August and November and ended between May and July. The longest period lasted a total of 322 days (2014–2015), while the shortest was 157 days (2017–2018) . In Cuajimalpa (2010–2023), the MPP started between September and November, ending between March and July. The longest period lasted 270 days (2012–2013), and the shortest lasted 98 days (2019–2020). At the PNDL station, the onset of the MPP was more variable: in 2016–2017 it began in December, whereas between 2017–2020 it started in September, ending between February and July. The longest period was 258 days (2018–2019), while the shortest was 79 days (2017–2018). In addition, the months of maximum concentration were December–February, corresponding to the cold-dry season, in all three monitoring stations, averaging between 6 and 9 months of the MPP. At the Coyoacán station, the onset of Pinus sp. pollination varied each year, beginning between August and January and ending between May and July (Figure 3B). The longest period lasted 329 days (2014–2015), while the shortest lasted 137 days (2009–2010). At the Cuajimalpa station, the pollination season of Pinus sp. occurred between August and January, ending between March and June. The longest period lasted 203 days (2010–2011), whereas the shortest lasted 79 days (2019–2020). In PNDL station, Pinus sp. showed that pollination began between August and February and ended between March and June. The MPP lasted approximately 6 months, with the longest period being 125 days (2018–2019) and the shortest 79 days (2022–2023). In addition, pollination periods of Pinus sp. are prolonged, lasting between 5–8 months, with the highest abundance observed in March–April, coinciding with the onset of the warm-dry season. The onset and end of the Quercus sp. pollination period were established (Figure 3C). In Coyoacán (2008–2023), the onset of the pollination periods was mainly in February–March, with the exception of December in 2008–2009, ending between April and June. The longest period lasted a total of 181 days (2008–2009), while the shortest was 52 days (2015–2016). In Cuajimalpa (2010–2023), the onset of pollination periods occurred in February–March, with the exception for two periods beginning in August (2019–2020) and December (2022–2023), which ended between March and June. The longest period lasted 118 days (2012–2013), and the shortest 38 days (2017–2018). In PNDL station, the onset of pollination was observed between September and April, concluding between March and June. The longest period lasted 97 days (2016–2017), while the shortest was 14 days (2019–2020). Similarly, in all three monitoring stations, maximum concentrations occurred from March to May, averaging 2–3 months of the MPP, with the highest levels during the warm-dry season. The maximum concentration of pollen grains from members of the Cupressaceae family (Fig. 4A) reached 2146 pg/m³ in Coyoacán in January (2009-2010). At the Cuajimalpa station, the highest peak was recorded in 2014-2015, with a concentration of 6270 pg/m³. While in PNDL station, the most representative peak occurred in 2017-2018, with a value of 2156 pg/m³. For Pinus sp. (Fig. 4B), the maximum concentration values in Coyoacán reached during 2009–2010, 249 pg/m³, while at the Cuajimalpa station the highest concentration was recorded in 2022–2023 with 198 pg/m³. In PNDL station the maximum concentration was observed in 2016–2017, corresponding to 177 pg/m³. On the other hand, Quercus sp. (Fig. 4C) showed that at the Coyoacán station the highest pollen concentration during 2009–2010 was 329 pg/m³. At the Cuajimalpa station, the highest concentration of airborne grains was recorded in 2017–2018 with 568 pg/m³; whereas in the PNDL station the maximum concentration was observed in 2022–2023 with 170 pg/m³. Fig 4 According to the comparison of the total number of MPP days for each station and pollen type (Fig. 5A), Cupressaceae in Coyoacán station showed a median of 287 days, with a 75th percentile of 316 days and a 25th percentile of 258 days. In Cuajimalpa station, the median was 236 days, with a 75th percentile of 247 days and a 25th percentile of 185 days, whereas in the PNDL station, the median was 171 days, with a 75th percentile of 253 days and a 25th percentile of 143 days. In addition, significant differences were found between Coyoacán vs. Cuajimalpa and Coyoacán vs. PNDL ( P < 0.01 ). For Pinus sp. (Fig. 5B), at the Coyoacán station, the median was 262 days, with a 75th percentile of 329 days and a 25th percentile of 184 days. In Cuajimalpa station, the median was 182 days, with a 75th percentile of 212 days and a 25th percentile of 177 days, whereas in the PNDL station, the median was 175 days, with a 75th percentile of 261 days and a 25th percentile of 101 days. Significant differences were found between Coyoacán and Cuajimalpa ( P < 0.05). Additionally, for Quercus sp. (Fig. 5C), no significant differences were found among the Coyoacán, Cuajimalpa, and stations. Fig. 5 3.2.2 Trend analysis of the annual pollen index (API) The three pollen types from the three localities were characterized by interannual variations throughout the different study periods. The trend analysis was performed by applying the Mann-Kendall test to determine how the presence of pollen from the three tree types ( Cupressaceae , Pinus sp., and Quercus sp. ) changes across the three different sites. Table 5 shows the test values which determine if there is a significant trend (a constant increase or decrease) in various pollen parameters over time: indicates a positive trend (increase) and indicates a negative trend (decrease). Table 5. Mann–Kendall test (z > 0: positive trend; z < 0: negative trend) for Cupressaceae, Pinus sp., and Quercus sp. during the Main Pollen Period at three localities. Site Pollen season parameter Cupressaceae Pinus sp. Quercus sp. Z p-value Z p-value Z p-value Coyoacán Start PPP ★ -2.18279 0.0290513* -2.32875 0.0198722* 2.08357 0.0371991* End PPP ★★ 3.95897 0.0000753**** 3.17496 0.00149868* 0.09922 0.92096 Duration of period 1.13960 0.25445 0.84231 0.39961 -0.79636 0.42582 Maximum concentration -2.52694 0.0115061* -2.42785 0.0151888* -0.94141 0.34649 APIN -2.57333 0.0100725* -2.62604 0.00863859* -1.68256 0.09246 Cuajimalpa Start PPP ★ -0.34286 0.73170 -0.20572 0.83701 -1.86023 0.06285 End PPP ★★ -0.41241 0.68004 1.30905 1.30905 0.20572 0.83701 Duration of period -1.98860 0.0467447* -1.09975 0.27144 -0.13747 0.89066 Maximum concentration -0.89144 0.37269 -1.30288 0.19262 -0.61715 0.53713 APIN -1.71431 0.08647 -1.57717 0.11476 -1.30288 0.19262 PNDL Start PPP ★ -- -- -- -- -- -- End PPP ★★ -- -- -- -- -- -- Duration of period -- -- -- -- -- -- Maximum concentration -- -- -- -- -- -- APIN -- -- -- -- -- -- *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001; ****P<0.0001 At Coyoacán station, the Cupressaceae pollen family showed several significant trends. A significant negative trend was observed at the start of the Main Pollen Period (MPP), indicating that the season has begun earlier over the years. Conversely, the end of the MPP presented a significant positive trend, suggesting that the season is ending later. Furthermore, both the maximum concentration and the Annual Pollen Index (API) registered a significant negative trend, confirming that both the peak pollen count and the total annual pollen load have been declining sharply. In Cuajimalpa, the only significant trend observed was a shortening of the pollen duration over the years. In summary, Cupressaceae pollen at the Coyoacán station reveals robust trends pointing to a lengthening of the season alongside a decrease in its concentration and total pollen load. Meanwhile, the trend in Cuajimalpa station is characterized solely by a significant shortening of the pollen duration. For Pinus sp., significant trends were only found in the pollen data recorded at the Coyoacán station. A significant negative trend was observed at the beginning of the PMP, while a significant positive trend was observed at the end of the PMP. Furthermore, both the maximum concentration and the API showed a significant negative trend. In conclusion, Pinus sp. pollen at this station exhibits a dual pattern of change that affects both the duration and intensity of its season. There is a clear and strong tendency for the MPP to lengthen. This is because the start of the season has moved significantly earlier, and the end has moved significantly later. This exposes the area's inhabitants to pollen levels for a more extended period each year. However, the intensity of the pollination event decreases significantly over time. Therefore, the season time for this pollen type is now longer, but less intense, and with a decreasing total pollen load. For Quercus sp., the only parameter that showed a positive and statistically significant trend was the onset of the MPP, which refers to a significant delay in the flowering date. 3.3 Correlation analysis with meteorological parameters The Spearman correlation analysis (rs) obtained from the MPP data with the main meteorological parameters for the three types of pollen (Cupressaceae, Pinus and Quercus ), at the three sampled stations (TableS1, Table S2. Table S3) showed that, for Cupressaceae, correlation coefficients were significant and positive with heat-related parameters (maximum temperature and solar radiation), and negative in the post-peak period. It was also observed that correlations were significant and negative with wind parameters, relative humidity, and precipitation. It is important to highlight that, in the PNDL correlation, values were significant and negative, with the exception of maximum temperature during the pre-peak period. Tables S1, S2, S3 For the correlations obtained with Pinus sp. in the three stations (Coyoacán, Cuajimalpa and Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones) (Tables S5, Table S6) significant and positive correlations were observed mainly with temperature (maximum, mean, and minimum), relative humidity, and solar radiation. Significant negative correlations were observed with wind, humidity, and precipitation. Tables S4, S5, S6 For the correlations obtained with Quercus sp. in the three stations (Coyoacán, Cuajimalpa and Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones) (Table S7, Table S8, Table S9), the correlations obtained were positive and significant with temperature (maximum, mean, and minimum), wind, and solar radiation, while significant negative correlations were found with relative humidity and precipitation. In addition, linear regression analysis (r) indicated a significant decrease in relative humidity throughout the study period for Cupressaceae at the Coyoacán and the PNDL stations. Moreover, a significant difference was found for minimum temperature in the PNDL with Cupressaceae (Table 6). Table 6. Linear regression for each MPP of Cupressaceae, Pinus sp. and Quercus sp. of the annual average relative humidity and temperature (maximum, mean and minimum) in Coyoacán (2008-2023), Cuajimalpa (2010-2023) and PNDL (2016-2023). Site Pollen type Max Temp Mean Temp Min Temp Relative Humidity Coyoacán Cupressaceae y= -0.1222x ± 270 -0.1220x ± 270 -0.06408x ± 140.9 -0.2900 ± 643.5 r2 0.1645 0.1718 0.03513 0.107 p 0.1502 0.1406 0.5211 0.2537 Pinus sp. y= -0.09529x ± 215.7 -0.1289 ±277.1 -0.1526 ± 319.6 -0.8797 ± 1834 r2 0.1361 0.01681 0.01025 0.08683 P 0.238 0.688 0.7542 0.3525 Quercus y= 0.1278x -233.5 0.02532x -33.36 -0.07625x ± 166.3 -1.547x ± 3182 r2 0.1306 0.007715 0.07822 0.5059 p 0.1856 0.7556 0.3127 0.0029** Cuajimalpa Cupressaceae y= -0.09401x ± 213 0.05949x -102.2 -0.03024x ± 72.76 -0.8259x ± 1719 r2 0.1361 0.01681 0.01025 0.08683 p 0.238 0.688 0.7542 0.3525 Pinus sp. y= -0.05607x ± 136.4 0.1159x -215.7 0.005385x ± 166.1 -0.8033x ± 2007 r2 0.06243 0.04066 0.0004272 0.06119 p 0.4335 0.5297 0.9492 0.4383 Quercus y= 0.01370x -3.613 0.01085x ± -4.052 -0.06014x ± 133.8 -0.4618x ± 990.7 r2 0.002256 0.002532 0.02517 0.01957 p 0.8835 0.8766 0.6224 0.6646 PNDL Cupressaceae y= -0.3654x ± 761.3 -0.03839x ± 95.15 -0.3099x ± 638.1 -6.207x ± 12590 r2 0.7075 0.006165 0.5525 0.7554 p 0.0359* 0.8825 0.0904 0.0246* Pinus sp. y= -0.2805x ± 589.4 -0.1265x ± 273.7 -0.1834x ± 382.2 -6.693x ± 13570 r2 0.415 0.0225 0.1739 0.7527 p 0.1673 0.7767 0.4108 0.0251* Quercus y= 0.6448x -1278 0.1980x -380.7 0.7336x -1464 -4.126x ± 8389 r2 0.8227 0.06689 0.587 0.5451 p 0.0126* 0.6207 0.0756 0.0937 3.4 Hysplit Model Table 7 presents a summary of the most relevant daily pollen concentration dates for the three pollen types at each locality. Table 7. Dates and pollen types for particle dispersion analysis using the HYSPLIT model Cupressaceae Locality Date Pollen concentration/day Horary Coyoacán (A) 26/01/2016 317 gp/m3 09:00 hrs Cuajimalpa (B) 11/01/2015 6270 gp/m3 00:00 hrs PNDL (C) 06/12/2017 2156 gp/m3 13:00 hrs Pinus sp. Coyoacán (A) 07/04/2019 23 gp/m3 16:00 hrs Cuajimalpa (B) 29/04/2017 37 gp/m3 06:00 hrs PNDL (C) 01/04/2017 177 gp/m3 06:00 hrs Quercus sp. Coyoacán (A) 28/03/2018 147 gp/m3 15:00 hrs Cuajimalpa (B) 18/03/2018 568 gp/m3 20:00 hrs PNDL (C) 17/03/2022 99 gp/m3 16:00 hrs Figure 6 shows the trajectories of the three pollen types studied. The figure indicates the dispersion of particles carried by the wind 24 hours before the date of maximum pollen concentration recorded at each locality. Fig. 6 In the Coyoacán locality, the wind originated from the southwest, passing through the Tlalpan forest in the case of Cupressaceae (Fig. 6A). For Pinus sp., the wind was observed to come from Los Dinamos Park (Fig. 6B), whereas for Quercus sp., the wind trajectory derived from the Ajusco mountain range, passing through different urban parks (Fig. 6C).In the wind trajectory for Cuajimalpa, it was observed that for Cupressaceae the direction originated from the area known as ‘Barranca Becerra Tepecuache,’ as well as from main avenues (Bosques de la Reforma and Paseo de los Laureles), where different types of ornamental trees can be observed along the medians (Fig. 6D). For Pinus sp., the airflow originated from sources near ‘La Marquesa,’ as well as from the urban area (Fig. 6E). For Quercus sp., the wind trajectory also originated from ‘Barranca Becerra Tepecuache,’ as well as from different areas of ‘Lomas de Chapultepec,’ which include ravines and several urban parks (Fig. 6F). In Desierto de los Leones (Fig. 6G–I), the winds were observed to originate from the western part of Mexico City, corresponding to ‘La Marquesa’ park, and from the southwest, ‘Los Dinamos,’ areas where the predominant vegetation consists mainly of conifers, similar to the sampling site. The wind trajectory distances were obtained at the monitoring stations for the three pollen types, showing significant differences (P < 0.02). For Pinus sp. at the Coyoacán station, the mean distance (x̄) traveled by the wind was 11.72 km, whereas in Desierto de los Leones it was 3.1 km. In the case of Quercus sp., at the Desierto de los Leones station the mean distance was x̄ = 10.42 km, while in Coyoacán and Cuajimalpa it was x̄ = 2.7 km and x̄ = 4.5 km, respectively. 4. Discussion 4.1 Pollen calendar of Cuajimalpa The Cuajimalpa borough is characterized by a temperate sub-humid climate with summer rains and high humidity, conditions that favour primary vegetation composed mainly of Pinus sp., Abies sp., and Quercus sp. (SEDEMA, n.d.). However, secondary vegetation such as Alnus sp. (CONABIO, n.d.), Fraxinus sp. and Salix sp. was also identified, with pollen levels exceeding 1% of the total concentration. These species are currently used extensively in reforestation programs for wooded areas, parks, medians, and gardens (SEDEMA, 2021). A high relative abundance of Cupressaceae pollen was also recorded, which is attributed to its frequent anthropogenic and ethnobotanical use in the area (Fonseca, 2011). Under this scenario, the pollen calendar of Cuajimalpa acquires critical relevance for public and environmental health, since increasing anthropogenic pressure on the environment can lead to temporal changes in pollen emissions. Consequently, continuous aerobiological monitoring is crucial for detecting these variations and mitigating their impact on the population. Our results indicate that pollination periods extended from October to September for Cupressaceae, Fraxinus sp., Poaceae, and Casuarina sp.; from October to June for Alnus sp.; and from January to June for Quercus sp., Pinus sp., and Urticaceae. These seasonal patterns differ from those reported in cities with temperate and Mediterranean climates in other regions of the world, where the main periods are usually concentrated between March and October (Kolek et al., 2021). However, the pollination periods observed in cities in the US and Canada show similarities to our findings, with the exception of Casuarina sp., which was not reported in those studies (Lo et al., 2019). 4.2 Interannual and seasonal variation The Cupressaceae family, Pinus sp., and Quercus sp. predominate throughout the year due to the meteorological conditions that influence the flowering periods of plants. In addition, they have medical importance, since several studies have reported them as allergens (De la Cruz et al., 2007; Ríos et al., 2016). In our study, the highest presence of Cupressaceae pollen occurred in both Coyoacán and Cuajimalpa, making it the most representative pollen type in Mexico City. This finding is consistent with several studies reported since the 1990s (Calderón et al., 2015; Calderón et al., 2018). This family includes the genera Cupressus and Juniperus , which are characteristic of the Valley of Mexico region (Rzedowski, 2005) and encompass a large number of ornamental species. Interestingly, this pollen has also been studied in other countries, highlighting its importance since it releases large amounts of pollen throughout the year, triggering allergies. The Pinaceae family is characterized by its anemophilous pollination (Green et al., 2003). In the Valley of Mexico, the genus Pinus is represented by a high diversity of species, such as P. patula , P. teocote , P. hartwegii , P. montezumae , P. pseudostrobus , P. leiophylla , and P. ayacahuite , which are characteristic of mountainous areas (Rzedowski, 2005). In various regions of Spain, Italy, and the United States, Pinus has been reported as the most abundant taxon during spring or early summer (Frenguelli et al., 2002b; Fernández-González et al., 2021). This pattern is consistent with our observations, where this pollen type predominated during the warm–dry season (March to June). Furthermore, we observed that the Main Pollen Period (MPP) of this pollen presents extended durations. This could be explained by its morphology, specifically the presence of air sacs (sacculi) , which facilitate its persistence and prolong its presence in the atmosphere (Velasco-Jiménez, 2017). Additionally, Jato et al. (2000) suggest that the duration of the MPP is associated with the participation of multiple species whose flowering periods overlap, a phenomenon that likely occurs in our study zones due to the aforementioned species richness. In this way, our results for the Cupressaceae family and the genus Pinus sp. show similarities with studies in other geographic regions that have evaluated various airborne pollen types, identifying trends toward earlier pollen seasons (February–May) and more prolonged durations (Gross et al., 2019; Manangan et al., 2021; Adams-Groom et al., 2022; Alcázar et al., 2024)." In the Valley of Mexico, the Fagaceae family is represented by a single genus, Quercus sp., which comprises approximately 25 species. Among the main reported species are Q. laeta, Q. deserticola, Q. crassipes, Q. obtusata, and Q. rugosa, which are wind-pollinated trees and shrubs distributed in tropical and subtropical regions (Rzedowski, 2005). This pollination type is widely documented globally, with its Main Pollination Period (MPP) typically occurring between March and April, coinciding with spring (Jato et al., 2002; Fernández-Rodríguez et al., 2015). Similarly, our results show that the MPP is short and annual (March–May), as previously reported by Calderón-Ezquerro et al. (2018) for Mexico City. Additionally, a biennial alternation in pollen production (API) was observed, a phenomenon that has also been recorded in Mediterranean regions (Spieksma et al., 2003; Grundström et al., 2019; Alcázar et al., 2024). On the other hand, there is a latitude-related trend, where at higher latitudes (> 35°N) the peak pyroclastic flow (PPF) is usually later and more prolonged. For example, Lo et al. (2019) reported an earlier and shorter PPF in Waco, Texas, compared to London, Ontario; in accordance with this, our results show that the PPF was restricted to the period from February to May, similar to what was reported for Texas. It is worth noting that the PPF at the Coyoacán station showed an earlier onset, which is attributed to the fact that it is a site influenced by the 'urban heat island' effect (temperature increase). However, this study had limitations regarding the length of the periods analysed for the Mann-Kendall test when evaluating current PPF trends; therefore, it is likely that some of these trends will acquire greater statistical relevance in future long-term studies. When comparing the duration of pollen maturation time (PMT) in days across the three stations for the Cupressaceae, Pinus sp., and Quercus sp. families, the Coyoacán site differed from Cuajimalpa and the PNDSL (National Park of San Luis), while the latter two showed similar behaviour. A likely explanation for these differences lies in the role of reforestation and ornamental use in Mexico City. In Coyoacán and Cuajimalpa, Cupressaceae and Pinus sp. are present in various green areas, such as parks, medians, and gardens, which promotes a greater presence of these pollen types in the environment. In contrast, no significant differences were found between the locations for the genus Quercus sp., which is probably due to its limited ornamental use, as its presence is more restricted to natural areas such as the Pedregal Ecological Reserve or ravine areas in Chapultepec and Cuajimalpa. 4.3 Correlation analysis with meteorological parameters According to the correlations observed between the concentrations of the three pollen types and environmental factors, our results are consistent with previous studies published for Mexico City (Calderón et al., 2015; Ríos et al., 2016). Numerous studies have investigated the relationships between daily pollen concentrations and various general meteorological parameters (Pérez-Badia et al., 2011; Simoleit et al., 2015; Borycka and Kasprzyk, 2014; Ščevková et al., 2015). For several arboreal species, significant positive correlations have been observed with solar radiation, mean temperature, and wind speed, as these factors promote anther dehiscence and the subsequent release of pollen grains. Furthermore, anther desiccation occurs effectively only when relative humidity is low. Conversely, negative correlations have been reported with relative humidity and precipitation. This is because high relative humidity hinders pollen emission, leading to grain aggregation and deposition, whereas precipitation accelerates pollen sedimentation through atmospheric washout (Fernández-Rodríguez et al., 2015; Ščevková et al., 2015; Monroy-Colín et al., 2020). 4.4 Linear regression (Temperature and Relative Humidity) The reproductive phenology of plants is controlled by temperature, particularly in arboreal species, and thus exerts a strong influence on daily pollen concentrations. In a review by Schramm et al. (2021), it was noted that trees are producing pollen earlier due to the effects of shorter winters caused by rising temperatures. Consequently, there is an association between elevated temperatures and an earlier onset of the MPP, along with longer durations and later terminations, evidencing an extension of the pollination period that is consistent with our findings. This phenomenon has been well documented in Europe. In 2019, for instance, a heatwave manifested as an increase of 1.1–1.5°C in mean daily temperature between June and December in the cities of Bratislava and B. Bystrica (Menzel et al., 2006; Ščevková et al., 2024). Although temperature increases have been reported in several countries, our study found no significant increasing trend between specific monitoring sites, but rather a trend in the general temperature of the city. Regarding Quercus sp., several authors have linked temperature increases (> 1.5°C) to the advancement or elongation of the MPP; therefore, this pollen type has been utilized as a bioindicator of climate change (Gómez-Casero et al., 2007; Tormo-Molina et al., 2010). As García-Mozo et al. (2002) noted, the onset of the MPP consistently begins earlier in Madrid, where temperatures are higher compared to other regions of Spain. In our analysis for Quercus sp., it was observed that during the dry–warm season (April–June), the temperature increase showed a positive trend, supporting the environmental association that promotes the pollination of these trees. Specifically, at the Coyoacán station, a positive temperature trend was observed, which could explain the lengthening of the MPP for this pollen type. Furthermore, an independent linear regression analysis using temperature data from 2008–2023 (Meteoblue, 2025) yielded a correlation value of r = 0.7362 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant temperature increase in Mexico City. Therefore, we can state that while this increase was not significant at a local (site-specific) scale, it was significant for Mexico City as a whole." 4.5 Back trajectories Regarding the analysis of the most relevant daily pollen concentrations for the three taxa at each locality, our results evidenced hourly variations, with nighttime, afternoon, and early morning being the most significant periods. Nocturnal pollen peaks, such as those observed for Pinus sp., are common, particularly when temperatures increase while relative humidity and wind speed decrease. According to observations in European countries, this family releases large amounts of pollen intermittently over short periods of 3–4 weeks (Simoleit et al., 2015), with temperatures ranging between 8–17°C (Kluska et al., 2020). However, our study recorded diurnal peaks (9–13°C) and pollination periods lasting more than four weeks. Furthermore, it has been reported that during diurnal peaks, the variability in pollen concentrations is closely related to the time of day, temperature, and air humidity (Ščevková et al., 2015; Bruffaerts et al., 2017). In our findings, both temperature and thermal radiation likely influence pollen levels, especially in Coyoacán and Cuajimalpa. These sites are classified as 'vulnerable with severe effects of the urban heat island,' where natural elements have been replaced by materials with a higher capacity to absorb, retain, and emit heat (SEDEMA, 2025). This environmental condition generates small convection currents that lift pollen grains, potentially explaining the high concentrations observed throughout the day. In other words, as temperature increases and relative humidity decreases, the resuspension of pollen grains is promoted (Zhao et al., 2014; Borycka and Kasprzyk, 2018). It is crucial to account for these phenomena (pollen resuspension and long-distance transport), as they drive both diurnal and nocturnal peaks. Likewise, long-distance transport should not be underestimated, as anemophilous pollination is a constant process (Kolek et al., 2021; Ghasemifard et al., 2020). Based on the wind back-trajectory analysis for the three pollen types, it was evident that the wind direction originated from both local sources and neighbouring forested areas. 4.6 HYSPLIT model and source áreas Regarding the HYSPLIT model, we analysed wind trajectories at different altitudes, revealing distinct patterns: at 30 m and 50 m, the distance travelled is shorter due to artificial barriers, whereas at 200 m, the trajectories are longer and originate primarily from forested sources. This is consistent with the results of the present study, where Coyoacán and Desierto de los Leones (PNDSL) exhibited trajectories exceeding 10 km. In this context, Quesada et al. (2013) reported that in disturbed environments with limited green areas, the average estimated pollen dispersal distance ranges from 198 m to 300 m, suggesting that anemophilous pollen from urban parks and medians does not travel long distances. Conversely, in undisturbed areas, pollen can remain in the atmosphere for up to 24 hours and travel distances as far as 100 km (Robledo-Arnuncio, 2011; Bogawski et al., 2019), a phenomenon observed in the Desierto de los Leones forest. Following this premise, the trees in the urban area of Cuajimalpa are mostly restricted to ravine zones. Consequently, the trajectories recorded at this sampling station correspond to the same local area, where the dominant vegetation includes oaks such as Quercus laurina , Q. rugosa , Q. laeta , and Q. obtusata , as well as pine individuals ( Pinus sp.) (INEGI, 2001; SEDEMA, 2016). According to SEDEMA (2024), reforestation efforts in these ravines are ongoing, with Quercus rugosa and Pinus patula being among the tree species most frequently utilised for these activities. 5. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the Main Pollen Periods (MPP) of Cupressaceae, Pinus sp., and Quercus sp. at the Coyoacán and Cuajimalpa stations exhibit significant temporal variations, characterised by advancements, delays, and an overall lengthening of the pollination seasons. These findings highlight the sensitivity of these arboreal taxa to local environmental conditions. Regarding meteorological parameters, although a relationship between temperature increases and phenological changes was identified, it is essential to continue strengthening long-term aerobiological and environmental databases to further consolidate this association. Furthermore, the occurrence of both diurnal and nocturnal peaks in anemophilous pollen confirms that transport dynamics are not solely determined by the urban landscape, as seen in Coyoacán, but are also driven by regional atmospheric circulation—a pattern observed even in forested areas like Desierto de los Leones. In conclusion, maintaining continuous phenological and aerobiological monitoring in Mexico City is imperative. Future research should incorporate additional species of environmental health relevance and employ multi-scale analyses—ranging from daily atmospheric circulation patterns to long-term dynamics—to better understand and mitigate the impact of pollen abundance on public health in the context of climate change." Declarations Acknowledgments We thank Cesar Guerrero-Guerra, Fernando Téllez-Unsuéta, Manuel García, and Espinosa de los Reyes for their technical assistance. We also thank the Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, UNAM, as well as the Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BIológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), and Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado del IPN. Finally, we thank the Secretaria de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnología e Inovación (SECIHTI) for the doctoral scholarship awarded to Martínez-Jiménez J.T. 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11:57:16","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":57481127,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8874359/v1/58df86c1-7bd5-45b0-9012-cab4992f9862.pdf"},{"id":103376971,"identity":"675a1d3d-726a-4641-ba0c-09832dc62d93","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-02-25 04:10:51","extension":"docx","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":28043,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryInformation.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8874359/v1/6cbfad16de134c41a987e918.docx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eTemporal Variation of Airborne Cupressaceae, Pinus, and Quercus Pollen and Their Relationship with Environmental Variables in Three Sites of Mexico City\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"1 Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn Mexico City (CDMX) (2240 m a.s.l.), its geographic location favors a wide variety of ecosystems that host numerous species from both arboreal and herbaceous strata, such as \u003cem\u003eAbies\u0026ndash;Pinus\u0026ndash;Quercus\u003c/em\u003e forests, grasslands, xerophilous scrublands, and wetland areas (Rzedowski \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2005; Castillo, 2007). In addition, introduced species are commonly used in green areas, residential and commercial complexes, as well as along roadways.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe considerable release of allergenic pollen into the atmosphere, resulting from the great diversity of plant species in Mexico City, is a frequent cause of disorders such as asthma, rhinitis, and allergic conjunctivitis among its inhabitants. (Pawankar \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2011). In this context, pollen calendars have been a fundamental tool for visualizing and understanding the distribution, timing, and concentration of different pollen taxa (Calder\u0026oacute;n et al., 2015; Katotomichelakis \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2015), with the aim of informing the population about periods of high atmospheric pollen concentrations and thus promoting prevention and health care.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor the release of pollen grains through the anthers of different tree species to occur and subsequently affect the health of the inhabitants, several factors are required, such as time of day, biological parameters, and meteorological conditions, among which temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, and wind speed are particularly relevant (Nowosad, 2015; Ojrzyn\u0026acute;ska, 2020).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe rupture and opening of anthers are usually controlled by a cohesion mechanism. As a result of water loss, tension increases in the cell walls, allowing pollen release; therefore, this mechanism is closely associated with air humidity (Puc, 2012). In this context, various aerobiological studies have demonstrated the influence of daily temperature on pollen release, indicating that even small changes in temperature can have a significant impact on flowering (Alvarado \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2002; Ziello \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2012; Cavieres \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2021).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt has been evidenced that plants are sensitive to climate change, as they respond with variations in their different phenological phases, affecting pollen production. Consequently, aerobiological processes have been modified in terms of the onset, duration, and intensity of the pollen season (Frenguelli, 2002a; Gal\u0026aacute;n \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2008; Cecchi \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2010; Morales \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2016).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThere is evidence of an earlier onset of the pollination period, influenced by temperature in various tree species such as \u003cem\u003eAlnus\u003c/em\u003e sp., \u003cem\u003eBetula\u003c/em\u003e sp., \u003cem\u003eCastanea\u003c/em\u003e sp., Cupressaceae, \u003cem\u003eOlea\u003c/em\u003e sp., \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp., and \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. (Frenguelli \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2002b; Jato \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2002; Fern\u0026aacute;ndez-Gonz\u0026aacute;lez \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2021). Ziska \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e. (2019) conducted a comprehensive analysis of pollen intensity datasets from Europe and North America over the past 20 years, highlighting an increase in the duration of the pollen season (on average 0.9 days per year), which was associated with rising temperatures. It is also important to note that in urban areas, temperature is exacerbated by the urban heat island effect, resulting in an earlier start of the pollen season (D\u0026rsquo;Amato \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., 2014).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnother factor associated with diurnal changes in pollen concentration is wind. During the day, pollen clouds are easily transported upward by convection currents, and no selection occurs based on pollen grain size or mass. However, at night, larger and heavier grains settle more rapidly than smaller ones (Puc, 2012).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study aimed to develop a pollen calendar for Cuajimalpa and to analyze the interaction of environmental factors with the seasonal variation of Cupressaceae, \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp., and \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. pollen in three areas of Mexico City.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.1 Sampling Site and Study Period\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePollen grain monitoring was carried out using a Hirst-type spore trap (Burkard Manufacturing Co., Ltd., UK) in two urban zones and one forest zone located in Mexico City. The urban zones included the municipality of Cuajimalpa (Santa Fe) (19°22′50.88″ N; 99°16′38.56″ W, 2590 m a.s.l.) (2010–2023), and the municipality of Coyoacán (Ciudad Universitaria) (19°19′18.2″ N; 99°11′7.8″ W, 2273 m a.s.l.) (2008–2023). The forest zone corresponded to Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones (PNDL) (Cuajimalpa municipality) (19°18′59″ N; 99°18′22″ W, 2960 m a.s.l.) (2016–2023) (Fig. 1).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFig 1.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.2 Pollen Calendar Development for Cuajimalpa\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;The pollen calendar model was constructed following the method proposed by Spieksma and Andersen (1991). It was based on data collected from the Mexican Aerobiology Network (REMA-UNAM) database (2010–2023) (REMA, 2021). Data were organized by year, and only those pollen types exceeding 1% of the total pollen grains collected were included. The number of pollen grains per cubic meter of air (pollen grains/m³, daily mean concentration) was calculated. The pictogram of the pollen calendar was prepared using Surfer 11 software (Golden Software Inc., CO, USA).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.3 Phenological Analysis of Cupressaceae, \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe criterion for defining the start and end dates of the pollination period, as well as the duration of the Main Pollen Period (MPP), was established following the method of Andersen (1991). This method is based on excluding the tails of the cumulative percentage curve for each taxon, retaining 95% of the total. Thus, the onset of the flowering period is defined as the day on which 2.5% of the total annual pollen has accumulated, and the end is the day on which 97.5% of the total is reached (Nilsson and Persson, 1981). The duration of the pollination period was defined as the number of days between the start and end of the MPP. The peak day was considered the date on which the highest value (peak concentration) was recorded. The pre-peak period was defined as the interval between the beginning of the MPP and the peak day, while the post-peak period was defined as the interval between the peak day and the end of the MPP. This approach was used to show the interannual variation in pollen levels of Cupressaceae, \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp., and \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. throughout the study years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.4 Data Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;Meteorological records from the nearest stations were used for each site, corresponding either to University Network of Atmospheric Observatories (RUOA, 2023) or High School Meteorological Station Program (PEMBU 2023).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.5 Statistical Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;To compare the total number of days of the main pollen period in each locality across the different pollen types, the Kruskal–Wallis test was applied, followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison test for mean comparisons, using Prism V6.0 (GraphPad Software Inc., MA, USA). In addition, Spearman’s correlation was performed to assess the relationship between pollen concentrations and environmental factors such as temperature (maximum, minimum, and mean), relative humidity, solar radiation, and precipitation. Also, the Correlation and linear regression analyses were applied to examine the relationships between Main Pollen Period, temperature (maximum, minimum and mean) and relative humidity. The non-parametric Mann–Kendall test was used to determine temporal trends in the Annual Pollen Integral (API) and other Main Pollen Period (MPP) parameters (onset, end, duration, peak day, and peak value), following the approach proposed by Galán et al. (2017). These analyses were conducted using Statgraphics XVII (Statgraphics Technologies, Inc., VA, USA). Furthermore, for the three pollen types and for each locality, a summary was perform to the most relevant daily pollen concentrations (Table 7). To identify the potential sources of emission and resuspension of the different pollen grains, the HYSPLIT model (NOAA, Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory, 2023) was applied to simulate wind direction and possible pollen dispersion trajectories at different altitudes (30, 50, and 200 m). The analysis highlighted the dates with the highest pollen emission across the different study periods and localities. Subsequently, Duncan’s multiple range test was performed with Statgraphics XVII (Statgraphics Technologies, Inc., VA, USA) to identify the likely distance of wind trajectories.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.1 Pollen Calendar\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe main percentages of pollen types recorded at the Cuajimalpa station corresponded to the families and genera: Cupressaceae, \u003cem\u003eFraxinus\u003c/em\u003e sp., \u003cem\u003eAlnus\u003c/em\u003e sp., \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp., \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp., Urticaceae, Poaceae, and \u003cem\u003eCasuarina\u003c/em\u003e sp. All other pollen types were represented with less than 1% of the total collected (Table 1).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 1.\u003c/strong\u003e Airborne pollen types collected in Cuajimalpa over 13 years. \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTaxa\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e%\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCupressaceae\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFraxinus\u003c/em\u003e sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAlnus\u003c/em\u003e sp\u003cem\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eQuercus\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUrticaceae\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePoaceae\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCasuarina\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMyrtaceae\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMoraceae\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSchinus\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAmaranthaceae\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAsteraceae-Anthemidae\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRosaceae\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBuddleia\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePopulus\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eRicinus\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAmbrosia\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAsteraceae-Helianthus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLiquidambar\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLigustrum\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eRumex\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCeltis\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMimosa\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eArtemisia\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 35px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe concentration of pollen grains collected from 2010 to 2023 showed fluctuations throughout the year. The months with the highest pollen concentrations were from November to February (\u003cem\u003eAlnus\u003c/em\u003e sp., Cupressaceae, and \u003cem\u003eFraxinus\u003c/em\u003e sp.), followed by March to May (\u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. and \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp.) (Fig. 2).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFig. 2\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.2 Phenology\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;3.2.1 Quantitative analysis of interannual and seasonal variation\u003cbr\u003eMonitoring of \u003cem\u003eCupressaceae\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e pollen grains in the atmosphere was conducted in Coyoac\u0026aacute;n during the period 2008\u0026ndash;2023, in Cuajimalpa from 2010\u0026ndash;2023, and in PNDL from 2016\u0026ndash;2023. The Annual Pollen Integral (API) of the pollination period differed across sampling periods and among the stations.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station, Cupressaceae showed that the pollination period with the highest concentration occurred in 2009\u0026ndash;2010 (21,718 pg/m\u0026sup3;), while the lowest concentration was recorded in 2012\u0026ndash;2013 (4,719 pg/m\u0026sup3;). In the Cuajimalpa station, the highest atmospheric pollen concentration was observed in 2014\u0026ndash;2015 (64,647 pg/m\u0026sup3;), whereas the lowest abundance was in 2021\u0026ndash;2022 (5,655 pg/m\u0026sup3;). Finally, in the PNDL station, the highest value of airborne pollen was recorded in 2017\u0026ndash;2018 (23,223 pg/m\u0026sup3;), and the lowest in 2021\u0026ndash;2022 (1,592 pg/m\u0026sup3;) (Table 2).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 2.\u003c/strong\u003e Flowering periods of the Cupressaceae family at the three monitoring stations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"555\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLocality\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYear\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAPIN\u003cstrong\u003e*\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate of the beginning\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eof\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;flowering\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate of the end\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eof\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;flowering\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePollen\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eseasons\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate of maximum\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;concentration\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;value (pollen\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;grain/m3 air)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"48\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"48\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"9\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 555px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCupressaceae (A)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"31\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"15\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCoyoac\u0026aacute;n\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2008-2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12,740\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/09/2008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29/05/2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e257\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24/01/2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e504\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"31\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2009-2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21,718\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19/09/2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/04/2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e211\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20/01/2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2146\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2010-2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11,344\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e04/11/2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/07/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e244\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/02/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e381\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2011-2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12,163\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/09/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e02/06/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e261\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12/02/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e553\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2012-2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,719\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/09/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/06/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e300\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/01/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2013-2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10,204\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12/10/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21/07/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e282\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11/03/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2014-2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7,919\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/08/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/06/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e322\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21/01/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e139\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015-2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12,911\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/09/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/07/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e308\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26/01/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e323\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016-2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13,072\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21/08/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29/06/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e312\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29/11/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e242\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017-2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6,932\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09/10/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09/07/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e157\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e05/02/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e235\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018-2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7,607\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25/08/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/07/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e315\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22/01/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019-2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7,249\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e04/09/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12/07/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e310\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e02/01/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e115\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020-2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,809\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16/08/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17/07/2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e308\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25/01/2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2021-2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6,285\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20/08/2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/07/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e302\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31/01/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e112\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2022-2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,941\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25/08/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23/07/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e242\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31/01/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e109\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"13\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCuajimalpa\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2010-2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23,251\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12/11/2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11/07/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/01/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e755\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2011-2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25,478\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19/10/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22/05/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e216\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/02/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1202\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2012-2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31,530\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/10/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e03/07/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e270\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/07/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1908\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2013-2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17,812\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/10/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/06/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e240\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/01/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e644\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2014-2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64,647\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19/10/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21/03/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e153\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11/01/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6270\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015-2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24,493\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20/09/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26/05/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e249\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31/01/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1125\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016-2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23,243\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/11/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/06/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e212\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/11/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2626\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017-2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12,704\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16/09/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11/05/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e198\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e02/02/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e597\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018-2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8,050\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/09/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17/06/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e172\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/12/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e320\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019-2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9,389\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29/10/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24/02/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/02/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1415\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020-2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2021-2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,655\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21/11/2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/06/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e145\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/05/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e594\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2022-2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26,340\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/10/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/06/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e237\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21/02/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e990\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"7\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePNDL\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016-2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9,573\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/12/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/05/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e123\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20/01/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e689\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017-2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23,223\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/09/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/02/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/12/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2156\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018-2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19,612\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/09/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30/05/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e258\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/10/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e587\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019-2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10,732\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/09/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/03/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e183\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/11/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e330\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020-2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2021-2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,592\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/02/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/07/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e129\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/02/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 58px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2022-2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24,837\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/09/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/05/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 51px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e177\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23/10/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e974\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"9\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 555px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e*\u003c/strong\u003eAIPn The Annual Pollen Integral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eFor \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp., it was observed that in the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station, the highest representation of airborne pollen grains occurred in 2009\u0026ndash;2010 (7,301 pg/m\u0026sup3;), while the lowest concentration was in 2020\u0026ndash;2021 (539 pg/m\u0026sup3;). In contrast, in the Cuajimalpa station, the most abundant period was 2011\u0026ndash;2012 (4,768 pg/m\u0026sup3;), and the lowest concentration was recorded in 2021\u0026ndash;2022 (1,125 pg/m\u0026sup3;). Monitoring at Desierto de los Leones showed that the season with the highest pollen presence was 2018\u0026ndash;2019 (2,245 pg/m\u0026sup3;), whereas the lowest was in 2017\u0026ndash;2018 (118 pg/m\u0026sup3;) (Table 3).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 3.\u003c/strong\u003e Pollination periods of \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. at the monitoring stations.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLocality\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYear\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAPIN*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate of the beginning\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eof\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;flowering\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate of the end\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eof\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;flowering\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePollen\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eseasons\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate of maximum\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;concentration\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;value (pollen\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;grain/m3 air)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"48\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"48\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePinus sp. (B)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"31\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"15\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCoyoac\u0026aacute;n\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2008-2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,390\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e02/12/2008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/05/2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e177\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19/02/2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"31\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2009- 2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7,301\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/01/2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31/05/2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e137\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19/02/2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e249\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2010-2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,688\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17/11/2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19/05/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e183\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09/03/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2011-2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,110\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29/12/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/06/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e164\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/03/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2012-2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,133\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21/10/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24/06/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e246\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30/04/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2013-2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,441\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e02/09/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12/07/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e313\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30/04/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2014-2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/08/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/07/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e329\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/04/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015-2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/11/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11/07/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e244\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/05/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016-2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,303\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30/11/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27/06/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e209\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/05/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017-2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,068\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/12/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/06/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e162\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/04/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018-2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e647\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21/08/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17/07/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e202\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/04/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019-2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e647\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22/08/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17/07/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e202\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/04/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020-2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e539\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16/08/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20/07/2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e208\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29/04/2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2021-2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e954\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25/09/2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22/07/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e206\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e04/05/2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2022-2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/09/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23/06/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e223\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17/03/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"13\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCuajimalpa\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2010-2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,487\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/11/2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23/05/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e203\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/03/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2011-2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,768\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16/12/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31/05/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e167\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20/03/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e159\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2012-2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,547\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20/12/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16/06/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e178\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09/03/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2013-2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,491\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/12/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/06/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e175\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16/03/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2014-2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,158\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16/11/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e04/06/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e200\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21/04/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015-2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,272\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/12/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/06/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e178\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/04/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016-2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,530\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e05/12/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e05/06/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e182\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29/04/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017-2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,142\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19/11/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/05/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e110\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09/03/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018-2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,690\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/01/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20/06/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e118\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/05/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019-2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e117\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/08/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/03/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27/01/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020-2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2021-2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,125\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/12/2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09/06/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e120\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20/03/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2022-2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,967\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/11/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/06/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e198\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/03/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e198\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"7\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePNDL\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016-2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,310\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22/02/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26/05/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/04/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e177\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017-2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e118\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/08/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/06/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/11/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018-2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17/02/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24/06/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e125\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e03/04/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019-2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e189\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/08/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/03/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/03/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020-2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2021-2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,363\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/03/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/06/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/03/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2022-2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,213\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25/09/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/05/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e124\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e04/04/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e120\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 566px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e*\u003c/strong\u003eAIPn The Annual Pollen Integral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. pollen grains identified at the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station indicated that the period with the highest airborne concentration occurred in 2009\u0026ndash;2010 (5,671 pg/m\u0026sup3;), while the lowest concentration was recorded in 2020\u0026ndash;2021 (106 pg/m\u0026sup3;). At the Cuajimalpa station, monitoring of this pollen type showed that the highest concentration was in 2011\u0026ndash;2012 (9,705 pg/m\u0026sup3;), whereas the lowest was in 2018\u0026ndash;2019 (1,370 pg/m\u0026sup3;). In the Desierto de los Leones site, the period with the highest representation occurred in 2021\u0026ndash;2022 (1,515 pg/m\u0026sup3;), and the lowest abundance was observed in 2017\u0026ndash;2018 (36 pg/m\u0026sup3;) (Table 4).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 4.\u003c/strong\u003e Pollination periods of \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. at the monitoring stations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLocality\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYear\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAPIN*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate of the beginning\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eof\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;flowering\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate of the end\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eof\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;flowering\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePollen\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eseasons\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate of maximum\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;concentration\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;value (pollen\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;grain/m3 air)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"48\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"48\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eQuercus\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003esp.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"31\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"15\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCoyoac\u0026aacute;n\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2008-2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,389\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/12/2008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/06/2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/03/2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"31\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,671\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/03/2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24/04/2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23/03/2010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e329\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,382\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19/02/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/05/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/03/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,562\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e03/03/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24/05/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19/03/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e167\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e507\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24/02/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09/06/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e105\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/03/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,246\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23/02/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19/05/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27/03/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,193\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e03/03/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/05/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17/04/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,087\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24/03/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/05/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/04/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e654\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22/02/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29/05/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09/04/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,248\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/03/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/04/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/03/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e147\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,262\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e03/03/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30/04/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10/03/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,074\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e03/03/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24/05/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23/03/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e106\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26/02/2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27/06/2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e123\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/03, 07/06/ 2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17/03/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/05/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e05/04/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,379\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/03/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/06/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26/03/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e101\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"13\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCuajimalpa\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,765\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/02/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/05/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/03/2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e218\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9,705\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e02/03/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/05/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20/03/2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e412\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,679\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19/02/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17/06/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e118\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31/03/2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e125\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8,253\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27/02/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16/05/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24/03/2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e445\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,357\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/02/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/05/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/04/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e215\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,405\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/03/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23/05/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11/04/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e253\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,139\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/02/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30/05/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e106\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09/04/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e112\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,799\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e05/03/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21/04/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/03/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e568\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,370\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/02/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30/06/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09/04/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e120\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019-2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e252\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/08/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/03/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13/03/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020-2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,738\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/02/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20/05/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e03/04/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e127\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2022-2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,589\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/12/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12/06/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e133\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12/03/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e276\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"7\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePNDL\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e422\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e02/02/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e04/06/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09/04/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017-2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/09/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11/06/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25/02/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e933\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26/02/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e08/05/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12, 13, 14/04/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e384\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/02/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14/03/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e03/03/2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020-2021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,515\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09/03/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/05/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17/03/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,386\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22/04/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15/05/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11/05/2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e170\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e*\u003c/strong\u003eAIPn The Annual Pollen Integral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd height=\"30\" style=\"width: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe start and end dates of the MPP for the Cupressaceae family were determined (Figure 3A). In Coyoac\u0026aacute;n (2008\u0026ndash;2023), the MPP began between August and November and ended between May and July. The longest period lasted a total of 322 days (2014\u0026ndash;2015), while the shortest was 157 days (2017\u0026ndash;2018)\u003cs\u003e.\u003c/s\u003e In Cuajimalpa (2010\u0026ndash;2023), the MPP started between September and November, ending between March and July. The longest period lasted 270 days (2012\u0026ndash;2013), and the shortest lasted 98 days (2019\u0026ndash;2020). At the PNDL station, the onset of the MPP was more variable: in 2016\u0026ndash;2017 it began in December, whereas between 2017\u0026ndash;2020 it started in September, ending between February and July. The longest period was 258 days (2018\u0026ndash;2019), while the shortest was 79 days (2017\u0026ndash;2018). In addition, the months of maximum concentration were December\u0026ndash;February, corresponding to the cold-dry season, in all three monitoring stations, averaging between 6 and 9 months of the MPP.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station, the onset of \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. pollination varied each year, beginning between August and January and ending between May and July (Figure 3B). The longest period lasted 329 days (2014\u0026ndash;2015), while the shortest lasted 137 days (2009\u0026ndash;2010). At the Cuajimalpa station, the pollination season of \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. occurred between August and January, ending between March and June. The longest period lasted 203 days (2010\u0026ndash;2011), whereas the shortest lasted 79 days (2019\u0026ndash;2020). In PNDL station, \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. showed that pollination began between August and February and ended between March and June. The MPP lasted approximately 6 months, with the longest period being 125 days (2018\u0026ndash;2019) and the shortest 79 days (2022\u0026ndash;2023). In addition, pollination periods of \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. are prolonged, lasting between 5\u0026ndash;8 months, with the highest abundance observed in March\u0026ndash;April, coinciding with the onset of the warm-dry season.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe onset and end of the \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. pollination period were established (Figure 3C). In Coyoac\u0026aacute;n (2008\u0026ndash;2023), the onset of the pollination periods was mainly in February\u0026ndash;March, with the exception of December in 2008\u0026ndash;2009, ending between April and June. The longest period lasted a total of 181 days (2008\u0026ndash;2009), while the shortest was 52 days (2015\u0026ndash;2016). In Cuajimalpa (2010\u0026ndash;2023), the onset of pollination periods occurred in February\u0026ndash;March, with the exception for two periods beginning in August (2019\u0026ndash;2020) and December (2022\u0026ndash;2023), which ended between March and June. The longest period lasted 118 days (2012\u0026ndash;2013), and the shortest 38 days (2017\u0026ndash;2018). In PNDL station, the onset of pollination was observed between September and April, concluding between March and June. The longest period lasted 97 days (2016\u0026ndash;2017), while the shortest was 14 days (2019\u0026ndash;2020). Similarly, in all three monitoring stations, maximum concentrations occurred from March to May, averaging 2\u0026ndash;3 months of the MPP, with the highest levels during the warm-dry season.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe maximum concentration of pollen grains from members of the Cupressaceae family (Fig. 4A) reached 2146 pg/m\u0026sup3; in Coyoac\u0026aacute;n in January (2009-2010). At the Cuajimalpa station, the highest peak was recorded in 2014-2015, with a concentration of 6270 pg/m\u0026sup3;. While in PNDL station, the most representative peak occurred in 2017-2018, with a value of 2156 pg/m\u0026sup3;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. (Fig. 4B), the maximum concentration values in Coyoac\u0026aacute;n reached during 2009\u0026ndash;2010, 249 pg/m\u0026sup3;, while at the Cuajimalpa station the highest concentration was recorded in 2022\u0026ndash;2023 with 198 pg/m\u0026sup3;. In PNDL station the maximum concentration was observed in 2016\u0026ndash;2017, corresponding to 177 pg/m\u0026sup3;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn the other hand, \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. (Fig. 4C) showed that at the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station the highest pollen concentration during 2009\u0026ndash;2010 was 329 pg/m\u0026sup3;. At the Cuajimalpa station, the highest concentration of airborne grains was recorded in 2017\u0026ndash;2018 with 568 pg/m\u0026sup3;; whereas in the PNDL station the maximum concentration was observed in 2022\u0026ndash;2023 with 170 pg/m\u0026sup3;.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFig 4\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to the comparison of the total number of MPP days for each station and pollen type (Fig. 5A), Cupressaceae in Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station showed a median of 287 days, with a 75th percentile of 316 days and a 25th percentile of 258 days. In Cuajimalpa station, the median was 236 days, with a 75th percentile of 247 days and a 25th percentile of 185 days, whereas in the PNDL station, the median was 171 days, with a 75th percentile of 253 days and a 25th percentile of 143 days. In addition, significant differences were found between Coyoac\u0026aacute;n vs. Cuajimalpa and Coyoac\u0026aacute;n vs. PNDL (\u003cem\u003eP \u0026lt; 0.01\u003c/em\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. (Fig. 5B), at the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station, the median was 262 days, with a 75th percentile of 329 days and a 25th percentile of 184 days. In Cuajimalpa station, the median was 182 days, with a 75th percentile of 212 days and a 25th percentile of 177 days, whereas in the PNDL station, the median was 175 days, with a 75th percentile of 261 days and a 25th percentile of 101 days. Significant differences were found between Coyoac\u0026aacute;n and Cuajimalpa (\u003cem\u003eP \u0026lt; 0.05).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, for \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. (Fig. 5C), no significant differences were found among the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n, Cuajimalpa, and stations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFig. 5\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e3.2.2 Trend analysis of the annual pollen index (API)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe three pollen types from the three localities were characterized by interannual variations throughout the different study periods. The trend analysis was performed by applying the Mann-Kendall test to determine how the presence of pollen from the three tree types (\u003cem\u003eCupressaceae\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePinus sp.,\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eQuercus sp.\u003c/em\u003e) changes across the three different sites. Table 5 shows the test values which determine if there is a significant trend (a constant increase or decrease) in various pollen parameters over time: indicates a positive trend (increase) and indicates a negative trend (decrease).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 5.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eMann\u0026ndash;Kendall test (z \u0026gt; 0: positive trend; z \u0026lt; 0: negative trend) for Cupressaceae, \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp., and \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. during the Main Pollen Period at three localities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"128%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSite\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePollen season parameter\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCupressaceae\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 21px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePinus \u003cem\u003esp.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 20px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQuercus \u003cem\u003esp.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eZ\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ep-value\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eZ\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ep-value\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eZ\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ep-value\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCoyoac\u0026aacute;n\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStart PPP\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e★\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.18279\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0290513*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.32875\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0198722*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.08357\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0371991*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnd PPP\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e★★\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.95897\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0000753****\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.17496\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00149868*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.09922\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.92096\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuration of period\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.13960\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.25445\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.84231\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.39961\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.79636\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.42582\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum concentration\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.52694\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0115061*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.42785\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0151888*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.94141\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.34649\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAPIN\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.57333\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0100725*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.62604\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00863859*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.68256\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.09246\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCuajimalpa\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStart PPP\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e★\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.34286\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.73170\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.20572\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83701\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.86023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06285\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnd PPP\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e★★\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.41241\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.30905\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.30905\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.20572\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83701\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuration of period\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.98860\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0467447*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.09975\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.27144\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.13747\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.89066\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum concentration\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.89144\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.37269\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.30288\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.19262\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.61715\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.53713\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAPIN\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.71431\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08647\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.57717\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.11476\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.30288\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.19262\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;PNDL\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStart PPP\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e★\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEnd PPP\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e★★\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDuration of period\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaximum concentration\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 23px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAPIN\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e--\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e*P\u0026lt;0.05; **P\u0026lt;0.01; ***P\u0026lt;0.001; ****P\u0026lt;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station, the \u003cem\u003eCupressaceae\u003c/em\u003e pollen family showed several significant trends. A significant negative trend was observed at the start of the Main Pollen Period (MPP), indicating that the season has begun earlier over the years. Conversely, the end of the MPP presented a significant positive trend, suggesting that the season is ending later. Furthermore, both the maximum concentration and the Annual Pollen Index (API) registered a significant negative trend, confirming that both the peak pollen count and the total annual pollen load have been declining sharply.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Cuajimalpa, the only significant trend observed was a shortening of the pollen duration over the years.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn summary, \u003cem\u003eCupressaceae\u003c/em\u003e pollen at the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station reveals robust trends pointing to a lengthening of the season alongside a decrease in its concentration and total pollen load. Meanwhile, the trend in Cuajimalpa station is characterized solely by a significant shortening of the pollen duration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp., significant trends were only found in the pollen data recorded at the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station. A significant negative trend was observed at the beginning of the PMP, while a significant positive trend was observed at the end of the PMP. Furthermore, both the maximum concentration and the API showed a significant negative trend.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. pollen at this station exhibits a dual pattern of change that affects both the duration and intensity of its season. There is a clear and strong tendency for the MPP to lengthen. This is because the start of the season has moved significantly earlier, and the end has moved significantly later. This exposes the area\u0026apos;s inhabitants to pollen levels for a more extended period each year. However, the intensity of the pollination event decreases significantly over time. Therefore, the season time for this pollen type is now longer, but less intense, and with a decreasing total pollen load.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp., the only parameter that showed a positive and statistically significant trend was the onset of the MPP, which refers to a significant delay in the flowering date.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.3 Correlation analysis with meteorological parameters\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Spearman correlation analysis (rs) obtained from the MPP data with the main meteorological parameters for the three types of pollen (Cupressaceae, \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e), at the three sampled stations (TableS1, Table S2. Table S3) showed that, for Cupressaceae, correlation coefficients were significant and positive with heat-related parameters (maximum temperature and solar radiation), and negative in the post-peak period. It was also observed that correlations were significant and negative with wind parameters, relative humidity, and precipitation. It is important to highlight that, in the PNDL correlation, values were significant and negative, with the exception of maximum temperature during the pre-peak period.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTables S1, S2, S3\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor the correlations obtained with \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. in the three stations (Coyoac\u0026aacute;n, Cuajimalpa and Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones) (Tables S5, Table S6) significant and positive correlations were observed mainly with temperature (maximum, mean, and minimum), relative humidity, and solar radiation. Significant negative correlations were observed with wind, humidity, and precipitation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTables S4, S5, S6\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor the correlations obtained with \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp. in the three stations (Coyoac\u0026aacute;n, Cuajimalpa and Parque Nacional Desierto de los Leones) (Table S7, Table S8, Table S9), the correlations obtained were positive and significant with temperature (maximum, mean, and minimum), wind, and solar radiation, while significant negative correlations were found with relative humidity and precipitation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition, linear regression analysis (r) indicated a significant decrease in relative humidity throughout the study period for Cupressaceae at the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n and the PNDL stations. Moreover, a significant difference was found for minimum temperature in the PNDL with Cupressaceae (Table 6).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 6.\u003c/strong\u003e Linear regression for each MPP of Cupressaceae, \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. and \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. of the annual average relative humidity and temperature (maximum, mean and minimum) in Coyoac\u0026aacute;n (2008-2023), Cuajimalpa (2010-2023) and PNDL (2016-2023).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSite\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePollen type\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMax Temp\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMean Temp\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMin Temp\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRelative Humidity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"9\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoyoac\u0026aacute;n\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCupressaceae\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ey=\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.1222x \u0026plusmn; 270\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.1220x \u0026plusmn; 270\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.06408x \u0026plusmn; 140.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.2900 \u0026plusmn; 643.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003er2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1645\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1718\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03513\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.107\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1502\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1406\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5211\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2537\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePinus sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ey=\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.09529x \u0026plusmn; 215.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.1289 \u0026plusmn;277.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.1526 \u0026plusmn; 319.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.8797 \u0026plusmn; 1834\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003er2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1361\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01681\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01025\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08683\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.238\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.688\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7542\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3525\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQuercus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ey=\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1278x -233.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02532x -33.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.07625x \u0026plusmn; 166.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.547x \u0026plusmn; 3182\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003er2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1306\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007715\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07822\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5059\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1856\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7556\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3127\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0029**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"9\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCuajimalpa\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCupressaceae\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ey=\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.09401x \u0026plusmn; 213\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05949x -102.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.03024x \u0026plusmn; 72.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.8259x \u0026plusmn; 1719\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003er2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1361\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01681\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01025\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08683\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.238\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.688\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7542\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3525\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePinus sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ey=\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.05607x \u0026plusmn; 136.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1159x -215.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005385x \u0026plusmn; 166.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.8033x \u0026plusmn; 2007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003er2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06243\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04066\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0004272\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06119\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4335\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5297\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.9492\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4383\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQuercus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ey=\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01370x -3.613\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01085x \u0026plusmn; -4.052\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.06014x \u0026plusmn; 133.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.4618x \u0026plusmn; 990.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003er2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002256\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002532\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02517\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01957\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8835\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8766\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6224\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6646\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"9\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePNDL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCupressaceae\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ey=\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.3654x \u0026plusmn; 761.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.03839x \u0026plusmn; 95.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.3099x \u0026plusmn; 638.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-6.207x \u0026plusmn; 12590\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003er2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7075\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006165\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5525\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7554\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0359*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8825\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0904\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0246*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePinus sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ey=\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.2805x \u0026plusmn; 589.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.1265x \u0026plusmn; 273.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.1834x \u0026plusmn; 382.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-6.693x \u0026plusmn; 13570\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003er2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.415\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0225\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1739\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7527\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1673\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7767\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4108\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0251*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQuercus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ey=\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6448x -1278\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1980x -380.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7336x -1464\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-4.126x \u0026plusmn; 8389\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003er2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8227\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06689\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.587\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5451\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0126*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6207\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0756\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0937\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.4 Hysplit Model\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 7 presents a summary of the most relevant daily pollen concentration dates for the three pollen types at each locality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 7.\u003c/strong\u003e Dates and pollen types for particle dispersion analysis using the HYSPLIT model\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"486\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCupressaceae\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLocality\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDate\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePollen concentration/day\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHorary\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoyoac\u0026aacute;n (A)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26/01/2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e317 gp/m3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e09:00 hrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCuajimalpa (B)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11/01/2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6270 gp/m3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e00:00 hrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePNDL (C)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06/12/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2156 gp/m3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13:00 hrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;sp.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoyoac\u0026aacute;n (A)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07/04/2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23 gp/m3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16:00 hrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCuajimalpa (B)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29/04/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37 gp/m3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06:00 hrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePNDL (C)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e01/04/2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e177 gp/m3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e06:00 hrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 91px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;sp.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoyoac\u0026aacute;n (A)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28/03/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e147 gp/m3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15:00 hrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCuajimalpa (B)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18/03/2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e568 gp/m3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20:00 hrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePNDL (C)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17/03/2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 92px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99 gp/m3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 83px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16:00 hrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFigure 6 shows the trajectories of the three pollen types studied. The figure indicates the dispersion of particles carried by the wind 24 hours before the date of maximum pollen concentration recorded at each locality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFig. 6\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n locality, the wind originated from the southwest, passing through the Tlalpan forest in the case of Cupressaceae (Fig. 6A). For \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp., the wind was observed to come from Los Dinamos Park (Fig. 6B), whereas for \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp., the wind trajectory derived from the Ajusco mountain range, passing through different urban parks (Fig. 6C).In the wind trajectory for Cuajimalpa, it was observed that for Cupressaceae the direction originated from the area known as \u0026lsquo;Barranca Becerra Tepecuache,\u0026rsquo; as well as from main avenues (Bosques de la Reforma and Paseo de los Laureles), where different types of ornamental trees can be observed along the medians (Fig. 6D). For \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp., the airflow originated from sources near \u0026lsquo;La Marquesa,\u0026rsquo; as well as from the urban area (Fig. 6E). For \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp., the wind trajectory also originated from \u0026lsquo;Barranca Becerra Tepecuache,\u0026rsquo; as well as from different areas of \u0026lsquo;Lomas de Chapultepec,\u0026rsquo; which include ravines and several urban parks (Fig. 6F).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Desierto de los Leones (Fig. 6G\u0026ndash;I), the winds were observed to originate from the western part of Mexico City, corresponding to \u0026lsquo;La Marquesa\u0026rsquo; park, and from the southwest, \u0026lsquo;Los Dinamos,\u0026rsquo; areas where the predominant vegetation consists mainly of conifers, similar to the sampling site.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe wind trajectory distances were obtained at the monitoring stations for the three pollen types, showing significant differences (P \u0026lt; 0.02). For \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. at the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station, the mean distance (x̄) traveled by the wind was 11.72 km, whereas in Desierto de los Leones it was 3.1 km. In the case of \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp., at the Desierto de los Leones station the mean distance was x̄ = 10.42 km, while in Coyoac\u0026aacute;n and Cuajimalpa it was x̄ = 2.7 km and x̄ = 4.5 km, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"4. Discussion","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec16\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.1 Pollen calendar of Cuajimalpa\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Cuajimalpa borough is characterized by a temperate sub-humid climate with summer rains and high humidity, conditions that favour primary vegetation composed mainly of Pinus sp., Abies sp., and Quercus sp. (SEDEMA, n.d.). However, secondary vegetation such as \u003cem\u003eAlnus\u003c/em\u003e sp. (CONABIO, n.d.), \u003cem\u003eFraxinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. and \u003cem\u003eSalix\u003c/em\u003e sp. was also identified, with pollen levels exceeding 1% of the total concentration. These species are currently used extensively in reforestation programs for wooded areas, parks, medians, and gardens (SEDEMA, 2021). A high relative abundance of Cupressaceae pollen was also recorded, which is attributed to its frequent anthropogenic and ethnobotanical use in the area (Fonseca, 2011). Under this scenario, the pollen calendar of Cuajimalpa acquires critical relevance for public and environmental health, since increasing anthropogenic pressure on the environment can lead to temporal changes in pollen emissions. Consequently, continuous aerobiological monitoring is crucial for detecting these variations and mitigating their impact on the population.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur results indicate that pollination periods extended from October to September for Cupressaceae, Fraxinus sp., Poaceae, and Casuarina sp.; from October to June for Alnus sp.; and from January to June for Quercus sp., Pinus sp., and Urticaceae. These seasonal patterns differ from those reported in cities with temperate and Mediterranean climates in other regions of the world, where the main periods are usually concentrated between March and October (Kolek et al., 2021). However, the pollination periods observed in cities in the US and Canada show similarities to our findings, with the exception of Casuarina sp., which was not reported in those studies (Lo et al., 2019).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec17\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.2 Interannual and seasonal variation\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Cupressaceae family, \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp., and \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. predominate throughout the year due to the meteorological conditions that influence the flowering periods of plants. In addition, they have medical importance, since several studies have reported them as allergens (De la Cruz et al., 2007; R\u0026iacute;os et al., 2016).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn our study, the highest presence of Cupressaceae pollen occurred in both Coyoac\u0026aacute;n and Cuajimalpa, making it the most representative pollen type in Mexico City. This finding is consistent with several studies reported since the 1990s (Calder\u0026oacute;n et al., 2015; Calder\u0026oacute;n et al., 2018). This family includes the genera \u003cem\u003eCupressus\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eJuniperus\u003c/em\u003e, which are characteristic of the Valley of Mexico region (Rzedowski, 2005) and encompass a large number of ornamental species. Interestingly, this pollen has also been studied in other countries, highlighting its importance since it releases large amounts of pollen throughout the year, triggering allergies.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Pinaceae family is characterized by its anemophilous pollination (Green et al., 2003). In the Valley of Mexico, the genus \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e is represented by a high diversity of species, such as \u003cem\u003eP. patula\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eP. teocote\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eP. hartwegii\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eP. montezumae\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eP. pseudostrobus\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eP. leiophylla\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eP. ayacahuite\u003c/em\u003e, which are characteristic of mountainous areas (Rzedowski, 2005). In various regions of Spain, Italy, and the United States, \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e has been reported as the most abundant taxon during spring or early summer (Frenguelli et al., 2002b; Fern\u0026aacute;ndez-Gonz\u0026aacute;lez et al., 2021). This pattern is consistent with our observations, where this pollen type predominated during the warm\u0026ndash;dry season (March to June).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurthermore, we observed that the Main Pollen Period (MPP) of this pollen presents extended durations. This could be explained by its morphology, specifically the presence of \u003cb\u003eair sacs (sacculi)\u003c/b\u003e, which facilitate its persistence and prolong its presence in the atmosphere (Velasco-Jim\u0026eacute;nez, 2017). Additionally, Jato et al. (2000) suggest that the duration of the MPP is associated with the participation of multiple species whose flowering periods overlap, a phenomenon that likely occurs in our study zones due to the aforementioned species richness. In this way, our results for the Cupressaceae family and the genus \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. show similarities with studies in other geographic regions that have evaluated various airborne pollen types, identifying trends toward earlier pollen seasons (February\u0026ndash;May) and more prolonged durations (Gross et al., 2019; Manangan et al., 2021; Adams-Groom et al., 2022; Alc\u0026aacute;zar et al., 2024).\"\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the Valley of Mexico, the Fagaceae family is represented by a single genus, Quercus sp., which comprises approximately 25 species. Among the main reported species are Q. laeta, Q. deserticola, Q. crassipes, Q. obtusata, and Q. rugosa, which are wind-pollinated trees and shrubs distributed in tropical and subtropical regions (Rzedowski, 2005). This pollination type is widely documented globally, with its Main Pollination Period (MPP) typically occurring between March and April, coinciding with spring (Jato et al., 2002; Fern\u0026aacute;ndez-Rodr\u0026iacute;guez et al., 2015). Similarly, our results show that the MPP is short and annual (March\u0026ndash;May), as previously reported by Calder\u0026oacute;n-Ezquerro et al. (2018) for Mexico City. Additionally, a biennial alternation in pollen production (API) was observed, a phenomenon that has also been recorded in Mediterranean regions (Spieksma et al., 2003; Grundstr\u0026ouml;m et al., 2019; Alc\u0026aacute;zar et al., 2024).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn the other hand, there is a latitude-related trend, where at higher latitudes (\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;35\u0026deg;N) the peak pyroclastic flow (PPF) is usually later and more prolonged. For example, Lo et al. (2019) reported an earlier and shorter PPF in Waco, Texas, compared to London, Ontario; in accordance with this, our results show that the PPF was restricted to the period from February to May, similar to what was reported for Texas. It is worth noting that the PPF at the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station showed an earlier onset, which is attributed to the fact that it is a site influenced by the 'urban heat island' effect (temperature increase). However, this study had limitations regarding the length of the periods analysed for the Mann-Kendall test when evaluating current PPF trends; therefore, it is likely that some of these trends will acquire greater statistical relevance in future long-term studies.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen comparing the duration of pollen maturation time (PMT) in days across the three stations for the Cupressaceae, Pinus sp., and Quercus sp. families, the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n site differed from Cuajimalpa and the PNDSL (National Park of San Luis), while the latter two showed similar behaviour. A likely explanation for these differences lies in the role of reforestation and ornamental use in Mexico City. In Coyoac\u0026aacute;n and Cuajimalpa, Cupressaceae and Pinus sp. are present in various green areas, such as parks, medians, and gardens, which promotes a greater presence of these pollen types in the environment. In contrast, no significant differences were found between the locations for the genus Quercus sp., which is probably due to its limited ornamental use, as its presence is more restricted to natural areas such as the Pedregal Ecological Reserve or ravine areas in Chapultepec and Cuajimalpa.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec18\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3 Correlation analysis with meteorological parameters\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to the correlations observed between the concentrations of the three pollen types and environmental factors, our results are consistent with previous studies published for Mexico City (Calder\u0026oacute;n et al., 2015; R\u0026iacute;os et al., 2016). Numerous studies have investigated the relationships between daily pollen concentrations and various general meteorological parameters (P\u0026eacute;rez-Badia et al., 2011; Simoleit et al., 2015; Borycka and Kasprzyk, 2014; Ščevkov\u0026aacute; et al., 2015). For several arboreal species, significant positive correlations have been observed with solar radiation, mean temperature, and wind speed, as these factors promote anther dehiscence and the subsequent release of pollen grains. Furthermore, anther desiccation occurs effectively only when relative humidity is low.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConversely, negative correlations have been reported with relative humidity and precipitation. This is because high relative humidity hinders pollen emission, leading to grain aggregation and deposition, whereas precipitation accelerates pollen sedimentation through atmospheric washout (Fern\u0026aacute;ndez-Rodr\u0026iacute;guez et al., 2015; Ščevkov\u0026aacute; et al., 2015; Monroy-Col\u0026iacute;n et al., 2020).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec19\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.4 Linear regression (Temperature and Relative Humidity)\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe reproductive phenology of plants is controlled by temperature, particularly in arboreal species, and thus exerts a strong influence on daily pollen concentrations. In a review by Schramm et al. (2021), it was noted that trees are producing pollen earlier due to the effects of shorter winters caused by rising temperatures. Consequently, there is an association between elevated temperatures and an earlier onset of the MPP, along with longer durations and later terminations, evidencing an extension of the pollination period that is consistent with our findings.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis phenomenon has been well documented in Europe. In 2019, for instance, a heatwave manifested as an increase of 1.1\u0026ndash;1.5\u0026deg;C in mean daily temperature between June and December in the cities of Bratislava and B. Bystrica (Menzel et al., 2006; Ščevkov\u0026aacute; et al., 2024). Although temperature increases have been reported in several countries, our study found no significant increasing trend between specific monitoring sites, but rather a trend in the general temperature of the city.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegarding \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp., several authors have linked temperature increases (\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u0026deg;C) to the advancement or elongation of the MPP; therefore, this pollen type has been utilized as a bioindicator of climate change (G\u0026oacute;mez-Casero et al., 2007; Tormo-Molina et al., 2010). As Garc\u0026iacute;a-Mozo et al. (2002) noted, the onset of the MPP consistently begins earlier in Madrid, where temperatures are higher compared to other regions of Spain. In our analysis for \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp., it was observed that during the dry\u0026ndash;warm season (April\u0026ndash;June), the temperature increase showed a positive trend, supporting the environmental association that promotes the pollination of these trees. Specifically, at the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n station, a positive temperature trend was observed, which could explain the lengthening of the MPP for this pollen type.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurthermore, an independent linear regression analysis using temperature data from 2008\u0026ndash;2023 (Meteoblue, 2025) yielded a correlation value of r\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.7362 (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05), indicating a significant temperature increase in Mexico City. Therefore, we can state that while this increase was not significant at a local (site-specific) scale, it was significant for Mexico City as a whole.\"\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec20\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.5 Back trajectories\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegarding the analysis of the most relevant daily pollen concentrations for the three taxa at each locality, our results evidenced hourly variations, with nighttime, afternoon, and early morning being the most significant periods.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNocturnal pollen peaks, such as those observed for Pinus sp., are common, particularly when temperatures increase while relative humidity and wind speed decrease. According to observations in European countries, this family releases large amounts of pollen intermittently over short periods of 3\u0026ndash;4 weeks (Simoleit et al., 2015), with temperatures ranging between 8\u0026ndash;17\u0026deg;C (Kluska et al., 2020). However, our study recorded diurnal peaks (9\u0026ndash;13\u0026deg;C) and pollination periods lasting more than four weeks.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurthermore, it has been reported that during diurnal peaks, the variability in pollen concentrations is closely related to the time of day, temperature, and air humidity (Ščevkov\u0026aacute; et al., 2015; Bruffaerts et al., 2017). In our findings, both temperature and thermal radiation likely influence pollen levels, especially in Coyoac\u0026aacute;n and Cuajimalpa. These sites are classified as 'vulnerable with severe effects of the urban heat island,' where natural elements have been replaced by materials with a higher capacity to absorb, retain, and emit heat (SEDEMA, 2025). This environmental condition generates small convection currents that lift pollen grains, potentially explaining the high concentrations observed throughout the day. In other words, as temperature increases and relative humidity decreases, the resuspension of pollen grains is promoted (Zhao et al., 2014; Borycka and Kasprzyk, 2018).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is crucial to account for these phenomena (pollen resuspension and long-distance transport), as they drive both diurnal and nocturnal peaks. Likewise, long-distance transport should not be underestimated, as anemophilous pollination is a constant process (Kolek et al., 2021; Ghasemifard et al., 2020). Based on the wind back-trajectory analysis for the three pollen types, it was evident that the wind direction originated from both local sources and neighbouring forested areas.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec21\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.6 HYSPLIT model and source \u0026aacute;reas\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegarding the HYSPLIT model, we analysed wind trajectories at different altitudes, revealing distinct patterns: at 30 m and 50 m, the distance travelled is shorter due to artificial barriers, whereas at 200 m, the trajectories are longer and originate primarily from forested sources. This is consistent with the results of the present study, where Coyoac\u0026aacute;n and Desierto de los Leones (PNDSL) exhibited trajectories exceeding 10 km.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this context, Quesada et al. (2013) reported that in disturbed environments with limited green areas, the average estimated pollen dispersal distance ranges from 198 m to 300 m, suggesting that anemophilous pollen from urban parks and medians does not travel long distances. Conversely, in undisturbed areas, pollen can remain in the atmosphere for up to 24 hours and travel distances as far as 100 km (Robledo-Arnuncio, 2011; Bogawski et al., 2019), a phenomenon observed in the Desierto de los Leones forest.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFollowing this premise, the trees in the urban area of Cuajimalpa are mostly restricted to ravine zones. Consequently, the trajectories recorded at this sampling station correspond to the same local area, where the dominant vegetation includes oaks such as \u003cem\u003eQuercus laurina\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eQ. rugosa\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eQ. laeta\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eQ. obtusata\u003c/em\u003e, as well as pine individuals (\u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp.) (INEGI, 2001; SEDEMA, 2016). According to SEDEMA (2024), reforestation efforts in these ravines are ongoing, with \u003cem\u003eQuercus rugosa\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003ePinus patula\u003c/em\u003e being among the tree species most frequently utilised for these activities.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"5. Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis study demonstrates that the Main Pollen Periods (MPP) of Cupressaceae, Pinus sp., and Quercus sp. at the Coyoac\u0026aacute;n and Cuajimalpa stations exhibit significant temporal variations, characterised by advancements, delays, and an overall lengthening of the pollination seasons. These findings highlight the sensitivity of these arboreal taxa to local environmental conditions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRegarding meteorological parameters, although a relationship between temperature increases and phenological changes was identified, it is essential to continue strengthening long-term aerobiological and environmental databases to further consolidate this association. Furthermore, the occurrence of both diurnal and nocturnal peaks in anemophilous pollen confirms that transport dynamics are not solely determined by the urban landscape, as seen in Coyoac\u0026aacute;n, but are also driven by regional atmospheric circulation\u0026mdash;a pattern observed even in forested areas like Desierto de los Leones.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, maintaining continuous phenological and aerobiological monitoring in Mexico City is imperative. Future research should incorporate additional species of environmental health relevance and employ multi-scale analyses\u0026mdash;ranging from daily atmospheric circulation patterns to long-term dynamics\u0026mdash;to better understand and mitigate the impact of pollen abundance on public health in the context of climate change.\"\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgments\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe thank Cesar Guerrero-Guerra, Fernando T\u0026eacute;llez-Unsu\u0026eacute;ta, Manuel Garc\u0026iacute;a, and Espinosa de los Reyes for their technical assistance. We also thank the Instituto de Ciencias de la Atm\u0026oacute;sfera y Cambio Clim\u0026aacute;tico, UNAM, as well as \u0026nbsp;the Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BIol\u0026oacute;gicas, Instituto Polit\u0026eacute;cnico Nacional (IPN), and Secretar\u0026iacute;a de Investigaci\u0026oacute;n y Posgrado del IPN. Finally, we thank the Secretaria de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnolog\u0026iacute;a e Inovaci\u0026oacute;n (SECIHTI) for the doctoral scholarship awarded to Mart\u0026iacute;nez-Jim\u0026eacute;nez J.T.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work was funded by the \u0026ldquo; Fideicomiso para apoyar los programas, proyectos y acciones ambientales de la megal\u0026oacute;polis (FIDAM1490) de la Secretar\u0026iacute;a de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (SEMARNAT)\u0026rdquo; through the \u0026ldquo;la Comisi\u0026oacute;n Ambiental de la Megal\u0026oacute;polis (CAMe)\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdams-Groom, B., Selby, K., Derrett, S., Frisk, C. A., Pashley, C. H., Satchwell, J., King, D., McKenzie, G., \u0026amp; Neilson, R. (2022). 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Changes to Airborne Pollen Counts across Europe. \u003cem\u003ePLoS ONE\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e7\u003c/em\u003e(4), e34076. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0034076\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZiska, L. H., Makra, L., Harry, S. K., Bruffaerts, N., Hendrickx, M., Coates, F., Saarto, A., Thibaudon, M., Oliver, G., Damialis, A., Charalampopoulos, A., Vokou, D., Heiđmarsson, S., Guđjohnsen, E., Bonini, M., Oh, J. W., Sullivan, K., Ford, L., Brooks, G. D., Myszkowska, D., \u0026hellip; Crimmins, A. R. (2019). Temperature-related changes in airborne allergenic pollen abundance and seasonality across the northern hemisphere: a retrospective data analysis. \u003cem\u003eThe Lancet. Planetary health\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e3\u003c/em\u003e(3), e124\u0026ndash;e131. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(19)30015-4\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"aerobiologia","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"aero","sideBox":"Learn more about [Aerobiologia](http://link.springer.com/journal/10453)","snPcode":"10453","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10453/3","title":"Aerobiologia","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8874359/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8874359/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eClimatic factors influence plant physiology and distribution, thereby affecting pollen production and its aerobiological processes. We analyzed the relationship between the reproductive phenology of Cupressaceae, \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp., and \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. Airborne pollen was sampled using a Hirst-type volumetric spore trap at three locations: Coyoac\u0026aacute;n, Cuajimalpa, and Desierto de los Leones. For the three pollen types, the main pollination period (MPP), seasonal variation, and peak pollen emission dates were determined. The relationship between meteorological parameters and the MPP was assessed using Spearman\u0026rsquo;s correlation test, while the Kruskal\u0026ndash;Wallis test (Dunn\u0026rsquo;s post hoc) was applied to compare pollen types and sampling sites. Wind trajectory and pollen grain deposition were analyzed using the HYSPLIT model. The pollination period of the Cupressaceae family began in July\u0026ndash;August and ended in February. \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. started between August and December and concluded between May and July, whereas \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. began between February and March and ended between May and June. Spearman\u0026rsquo;s analysis revealed positive correlations with temperature and solar radiation, and negative correlations with precipitation and relative humidity. The number of pollination days for Cupressaceae and \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e sp. was similar between Coyoac\u0026aacute;n and Cuajimalpa, but differed significantly from Desierto de los Leones. In contrast, \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e sp. showed no significant differences among the three sampling areas. The HYSPLIT model indicated that wind currents at different altitudes originated from varying directions, highlighting potential emission sources of the different pollen types. Cupressaceae pollen was present in the atmosphere throughout the year, whereas \u003cem\u003ePinus\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eQuercus\u003c/em\u003e pollen exhibited interannual and seasonal fluctuations due to their biennial periodicity and the flowering patterns of different species.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Temporal Variation of Airborne Cupressaceae, Pinus, and Quercus Pollen and Their Relationship with Environmental Variables in Three Sites of Mexico City","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-02-25 04:10:46","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8874359/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-04-20T12:22:31+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-15T20:06:41+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-03-25T13:01:47+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"34680665100382622446183488804799631792","date":"2026-03-23T10:26:23+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"129967659917669318242795990413136589892","date":"2026-02-24T19:43:52+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-02-19T16:00:37+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-02-16T17:23:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-02-16T01:24:23+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Aerobiologia","date":"2026-02-13T17:21:02+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"aerobiologia","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"aero","sideBox":"Learn more about [Aerobiologia](http://link.springer.com/journal/10453)","snPcode":"10453","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10453/3","title":"Aerobiologia","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"335a8cd2-da03-41e2-be57-bfea4f87b56d","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 25th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"in-revision","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-20T12:38:29+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-02-25 04:10:46","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8874359","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8874359","identity":"rs-8874359","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}