Effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists on monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production and macrophage infiltration in leiomyomatous uterus

Ibrahim Sozen, Levent M. Şentürk, Aydın Arıcı
In: Fertility and Sterility · 2001 · vol. 76(4) , pp. 792–796 · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(01)02378-0 · PMID:11591415 · W2016898828
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This study investigated how gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists impact monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production and macrophage infiltration within leiomyomatous uterine tissue.

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Abstract

ObjectiveThe level of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), a potent chemoattractant for monocytes, is fivefold higher in myometrium than in leiomyoma. We have previously shown that myometrium from women using GnRH agonists (GnRH-a) express the highest levels of MCP-1, which has antiproliferative effects on leiomyoma cells. We hypothesized that MCP-1 may have a direct paracrine effect in leiomyomatous uterus rather than acting by way of chemoattraction of macrophages.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingUniversity medical center.Patient(s)Women with leiomyoma (n = 32).Intervention(s)Immunohistochemical analysis performed in the myometrium and leiomyoma of women receiving (n = 11) and not receiving (n = 21) GnRH-a treatment.Main outcome measure(s)The MCP-1 levels and macrophage counts determined by immunohistochemistry in the myometrium and leiomyoma of women receiving GnRH-a were compared to the levels and counts in women not receiving GnRH-a.Result(s)Samples from all 11 patients using GnRH-a revealed strong MCP-1 staining, whereas staining was only weakly present in 11 and absent in 10 samples from patients not receiving GnRH-a, revealing a significant difference in MCP-1 expression between GnRH-a users versus nonusers (P=.006). The number of tissue macrophages between GnRH-a users and nonusers was not significantly different.Conclusion(s)We found that there is an increase in the MCP-1 protein expression in the myometrium of women receiving GnRH-a treatment. On the other hand, we have not observed a difference in the macrophage count and distribution with GnRH-a treatment, suggesting a potentially direct antiproliferative role for MCP-1 rather than acting by means of chemoattraction of macrophages.

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