Physicochemical Properties of Shea Butter Synthesized Biodiesel

Physicochemical Properties of Shea Butter Synthesized Biodiesel | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Physicochemical Properties of Shea Butter Synthesized Biodiesel IFEANYI GODWIN OKOYE, CHUKWUMA STEPHEN EZEONU, ELIZABETH KIGBU DANLAMI This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-72342/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Base – catalyzed transesterification of Shea ( Vitellaria paradoxa ) seed fat was carried out at a methanol/oil ratio of 5:1 (V/V) at 70 o C to synthesize the corresponding methyl esters (biodiesel). The percentage yield of approximately 87%, was recorded after ninety minutes, indicating that Shea fat is a good biodiesel feedstock. The physicochemical properties of the Shea biodiesel were determined. The colour was pale yellow while the relative density (870 Kg/m 3 ), kinematic viscosity (2.66 mm 2 s -1 40 0 C), acid value (0.19 mg KOH/g), peroxide value (0.52 meq/kg) and cetane number (68.10) were observed. The cloud point was found to be 9.3 0 C, while the flash point of 156.67 0 C, iodine value of 35.29 mg/100g and energy value of 39.3 MJ/Kg were recorded. All these value compare well with previous works and are within acceptable limits as specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The current research indicated that Shea butter has biodiesel potential aside its uses in culinary and cosmetics applications. Structural Biology Biodiesel Physicochemical Shea Synthesize Transesterification Full Text Supplementary Files GRAPHICALABSTRACTBIODIESEL.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-72342","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":2939289,"identity":"7b888191-6e16-4322-9ee7-498b825f13e8","order_by":0,"name":"IFEANYI GODWIN OKOYE","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY, RENAISSANCE UNIVERSITY, UGBAWKA, ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"IFEANYI","middleName":"GODWIN","lastName":"OKOYE","suffix":""},{"id":2939290,"identity":"4af10e7b-6cd2-4bd8-ad0c-33b272a37a84","order_by":1,"name":"CHUKWUMA STEPHEN 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as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Biodiesel, Physicochemical, Shea, Synthesize, Transesterification","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-72342/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-72342/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eBase – catalyzed transesterification of Shea (\u003cem\u003eVitellaria paradoxa\u003c/em\u003e) seed fat was carried out at a methanol/oil ratio of 5:1 (V/V) at 70\u003csup\u003eo\u003c/sup\u003eC to synthesize the corresponding methyl esters (biodiesel). The percentage yield of approximately 87%, was recorded after ninety minutes, indicating that Shea fat is a good biodiesel feedstock. The physicochemical properties of the Shea biodiesel were determined. The colour was pale yellow while the relative density (870 Kg/m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e), kinematic viscosity (2.66 mm\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003es\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e 40\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003eC), acid value (0.19 mg KOH/g), peroxide value (0.52 meq/kg) and cetane number (68.10) were observed. The cloud point was found to be 9.3\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003eC, while the flash point of 156.67\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003eC, iodine value of 35.29 mg/100g and energy value of 39.3 MJ/Kg were recorded. All these value compare well with previous works and are within acceptable limits as specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The current research indicated that Shea butter has biodiesel potential aside its uses in culinary and cosmetics applications.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Physicochemical Properties of Shea Butter Synthesized Biodiesel","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2020-10-05 16:16:13","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-72342/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"57c72ed7-4c43-4450-b139-814f16ca163a","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 5th, 2020","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":691524,"name":"Structural Biology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2020-10-05T16:16:27+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2020-10-05 16:16:13","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-72342","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-72342","identity":"rs-72342","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"7rjqhiLT3MXkJMwkYKINL","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}