Efficient Free Charge Generation at Low-carrier Concentration in Chemically-doped Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes

Efficient Free Charge Generation at Low-carrier Concentration in Chemically-doped Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Efficient Free Charge Generation at Low-carrier Concentration in Chemically-doped Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes Jeffrey Blackburn, Justin Earley, Obadiah Reid, Tucker Murrey, and 5 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5054938/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Free carrier generation in doped organic semiconductors is poorly understood, since assumed tight electron-hole binding conflicts with observed high free carrier yields. We experimentally investigate the roles of enthalpy, entropy, and local dielectric environment in free carrier generation and transport using isolated chemically doped semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes in low-dielectric solvent. Dopant chemical structure dramatically influences the observed changes in carrier density-dependent complex permittivity, with bulky dopants drastically increasing the local dielectric constant and electronic conductivity, even at carrier densities below one carrier per nanotube. The results are understood by considering the roles of entropic stabilization and a non-static dielectric constant, both of which lower the energy barrier for free charge generation. This understanding has important implications for designing doped organic systems and devices for enhanced carrier mobility, conductivity, and performance. Physical sciences/Materials science/Nanoscale materials/Electronic properties and materials Physical sciences/Nanoscience and technology/Nanoscale materials/Carbon nanotubes and fullerenes Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files EfficientFreeCarrierSINature.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5054938","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":362166180,"identity":"60d26a86-7cd6-48e0-b879-d17dd2b74f8b","order_by":0,"name":"Jeffrey Blackburn","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9237-5891","institution":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jeffrey","middleName":"","lastName":"Blackburn","suffix":""},{"id":362166181,"identity":"ae4a1126-7392-436e-a94b-0cc61fb2b9f6","order_by":1,"name":"Justin Earley","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Arizona State University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Justin","middleName":"","lastName":"Earley","suffix":""},{"id":362166182,"identity":"32e22e69-bbc6-4262-a8f4-e32ebab98301","order_by":2,"name":"Obadiah Reid","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0646-3981","institution":"University of Colorado Boulder","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Obadiah","middleName":"","lastName":"Reid","suffix":""},{"id":362166183,"identity":"13422f0a-9428-4f23-b0ca-fe3cf344c677","order_by":3,"name":"Tucker Murrey","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of California Davis","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tucker","middleName":"","lastName":"Murrey","suffix":""},{"id":362166184,"identity":"119d353c-ed46-438b-8df5-fc92b9f8ad68","order_by":4,"name":"Evan Doud","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of California Los Angeles","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Evan","middleName":"","lastName":"Doud","suffix":""},{"id":362166185,"identity":"573d3b22-bf21-4b06-9f25-013f479b35ef","order_by":5,"name":"Alexander Spokoyny","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5683-6240","institution":"University of California Los Angeles","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alexander","middleName":"","lastName":"Spokoyny","suffix":""},{"id":362166186,"identity":"f5653571-8945-42b4-8472-2b2620dbd637","order_by":6,"name":"M. 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We experimentally investigate the roles of enthalpy, entropy, and local dielectric environment in free carrier generation and transport using isolated chemically doped semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes in low-dielectric solvent. Dopant chemical structure dramatically influences the observed changes in carrier density-dependent complex permittivity, with bulky dopants drastically increasing the local dielectric constant and electronic conductivity, even at carrier densities below one carrier per nanotube. The results are understood by considering the roles of entropic stabilization and a non-static dielectric constant, both of which lower the energy barrier for free charge generation. 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