Characteristics of a novel burner for high Karlovitz number turbulent premixed flame studies

Characteristics of a novel burner for high Karlovitz number turbulent premixed flame studies | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Characteristics of a novel burner for high Karlovitz number turbulent premixed flame studies Praful Kumar, Ömer L. Gülder This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6524005/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 04 Aug, 2025 Read the published version in Flow, Turbulence and Combustion → Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Large uncertainties exist in the description of the turbulent premixed combustion regimes and their boundaries, especially the validity regime of flamelet assumptions, due to challenges involved in experimental studies. Our understanding of the physics of turbulent premixed combustion gets nebulous as the Karlovitz number increases (exceeds 500). A novel piloted burner design capable of generating high-intensity, homogeneous, axisymmetric turbulence is presented and its flow characteristics are discussed. An impinging-jet injector is used to generate high-intensity turbulence. Axial flow measurements were made using hot-wire anemometry. Fluctuating rms velocities ranging from 1.4 m/s up to 30 m/s are reported for bulk velocities of 10 m/s to 60 m/s at the jet centerline. The measured velocity profiles were shown to be self-similar for all considered injector configurations, with flow evolving as an axisymmetric wake downstream of the nozzle. The limitations of hot-wire measurements in large turbulence and necessary corrections are discussed; the corrected length scales were compared to those obtained from scaling laws. The measured dissipation is shown to collapse with Taylor length scale and mean centerline velocity as relevant length and velocity scales. Premixed methane-air flames exceeding 60 m/s of bulk velocities and equivalence ratios ranging from 0.6 to 1.0 can be stabilized using a large laminar pilot. The tested flame conditions span over two orders of magnitude in normalized turbulence velocities and three orders of magnitude in Karlovitz number. High-fidelity measurements of premixed flames over a broad range of turbulence can be realized using the burner. Turbulent premixed burner Extreme turbulence high Karlovitz number Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 04 Aug, 2025 Read the published version in Flow, Turbulence and Combustion → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 01 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 31 May, 2025 Reviews received at journal 28 May, 2025 Reviews received at journal 07 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 28 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 28 Apr, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 28 Apr, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 27 Apr, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 26 Apr, 2025 First submitted to journal 24 Apr, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6524005","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":449882698,"identity":"ccf75b95-fb4b-4a7b-95d2-7a721ec66168","order_by":0,"name":"Praful Kumar","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"University of Toronto","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Praful","middleName":"","lastName":"Kumar","suffix":""},{"id":449882700,"identity":"bcdaa0ee-0fc3-4e06-8b1d-9db3865e4939","order_by":1,"name":"Ömer L. 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Our understanding of the physics of turbulent premixed combustion gets nebulous as the Karlovitz number increases (exceeds 500). A novel piloted burner design capable of generating high-intensity, homogeneous, axisymmetric turbulence is presented and its flow characteristics are discussed. An impinging-jet injector is used to generate high-intensity turbulence. Axial flow measurements were made using hot-wire anemometry. Fluctuating rms velocities ranging from 1.4 m/s up to 30 m/s are reported for bulk velocities of 10 m/s to 60 m/s at the jet centerline. The measured velocity profiles were shown to be self-similar for all considered injector configurations, with flow evolving as an axisymmetric wake downstream of the nozzle. The limitations of hot-wire measurements in large turbulence and necessary corrections are discussed; the corrected length scales were compared to those obtained from scaling laws. 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