Reversible conversions between skyrmions and skyrmioniums

Reversible conversions between skyrmions and skyrmioniums | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Reversible conversions between skyrmions and skyrmioniums Sheng Yang, Yuelei Zhao, Kai Wu, Zhiqin Chu, Xiao-Hong Xu, Xiaoguang Li, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2058521/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 09 Jun, 2023 Read the published version in Nature Communications → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Skyrmions and skyrmioniums are both topological non-trivial spin textures in chiral magnetic systems. The dynamics of these particle-like excitations can be distinguished according to their spin structures, and the controlled conversion between them is the key to the diversified functionalities of spintronic devices. In this study, the dynamics and evolution of chiral spin textures are investigated in [Pt/Co] 3 /Ru/[Co/Pt] 3 multilayers with ferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling. Reversible conversions between skyrmions and skyrmioniums can be realized by precisely controlling the domain wall through an applied magnetic field or electric current. Mediated by a multi-Q (winding number or topological number) cluster, skyrmions can be converted to skyrmioniums through two basic mechanisms. One way is to expand skyrmions by using sinusoidal pulses to form net domains, then to delete the stripe domains of the net domain to create the skyrmionium (reduce Q to zero). The second way is to drive multi-Q clusters to move and collapse into skyrmioniums with square pulses. The skyrmion Hall effect of skyrmioniums has been suppressed to zero, which supports that the winding number of skyrmioniums indeed is reduced to zero. We have also directly observed the topological conversion of a skyrmionium into skyrmion, characterized by the abrupt emergence of the skyrmion Hall effect. The establishment of reversible conversions between different magnetic topological spin textures is an important development, which should speed the advent of the next generation of spintronic device. Physical sciences/Materials science/Condensed-matter physics/Spintronics Physical sciences/Physics/Condensed-matter physics/Spintronics Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files Video1skyrmioncreation.avi Skyrmion creation Figure2videoa.avi Figure 2 video (a) Figure2videob.avi Figure 2 video (b) Figure3videoa.avi Figure 3 video (a) Figure3videob.avi Figure 3 video (b) Figure3videoc.avi Figure 3 video (c) Figure4video.avi Figure 4 video SupportingMaterial.docx Supporting Material video Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 09 Jun, 2023 Read the published version in Nature Communications → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-2058521","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":145095556,"identity":"09cfd31f-3b90-42b2-adaf-173d49132af2","order_by":0,"name":"Sheng 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Portfolio","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":false,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"ejp","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2058521/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2058521/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eSkyrmions and skyrmioniums are both topological non-trivial spin textures in chiral magnetic systems. The dynamics of these particle-like excitations can be distinguished according to their spin structures, and the controlled conversion between them is the key to the diversified functionalities of spintronic devices. In this study, the dynamics and evolution of chiral spin textures are investigated in [Pt/Co]\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e/Ru/[Co/Pt]\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e multilayers with ferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling. Reversible conversions between skyrmions and skyrmioniums can be realized by precisely controlling the domain wall through an applied magnetic field or electric current. Mediated by a multi-Q (winding number or topological number) cluster, skyrmions can be converted to skyrmioniums through two basic mechanisms. One way is to expand skyrmions by using sinusoidal pulses to form net domains, then to delete the stripe domains of the net domain to create the skyrmionium (reduce Q to zero). The second way is to drive multi-Q clusters to move and collapse into skyrmioniums with square pulses. The skyrmion Hall effect of skyrmioniums has been suppressed to zero, which supports that the winding number of skyrmioniums indeed is reduced to zero. We have also directly observed the topological conversion of a skyrmionium into skyrmion, characterized by the abrupt emergence of the skyrmion Hall effect. 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