Seasonal hydrogeochemical response mechanism and comprehensive water quality assessment of groundwater in coastal industrial parks from the perspective of spatiotemporal interweaving

Seasonal hydrogeochemical response mechanism and comprehensive water quality assessment of groundwater in coastal industrial parks from the perspective of spatiotemporal interweaving | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Seasonal hydrogeochemical response mechanism and comprehensive water quality assessment of groundwater in coastal industrial parks from the perspective of spatiotemporal interweaving Siwei Li, Ruoliang Yang, Yanshu Lu, Boyang Sun, Peng Zhang, Chuqiao Wang, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6986952/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 27 Apr, 2026 Read the published version in Environmental Earth Sciences → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Coastal industrial parks are areas where chemical production activities are concentrated and play an extremely important role in economic development. The properties of chemical raw materials and products determine that chemical industrial parks are more dangerous than other types, and preventing groundwater pollution in chemical industrial parks has become an important task in environmental protection work. This study used self-organizing maps, entropy weight water quality index method, and K-means clustering method to analyze groundwater chemical data during the wet and dry seasons. Selecting 16 hydrochemical indicators, a study was conducted on 36 sampling points each during the wet and dry seasons. Based on SOM and K-means, the groundwater components were divided into four clusters, and the chemical characteristics of the four clusters during different periods were analyzed. The water quality difference between the wet and dry seasons was quantified through water quality evaluation. The results showed that the groundwater quality in the study area was sensitive to seasonal changes, and overall, the water quality was worse during the dry season. Comparing the characteristics of the four clusters, it was found that Cluster IV was the most severely invaded by seawater and had the poorest water quality. The spatial concentration in the lower right corner of the research area further proves that the SOM clustering analysis method can efficiently classify and achieve the effect of small intra-cluster differences and significant inter cluster differences, providing a scientific basis for the zoning management and protection of groundwater resources. Entropy weighted water quality index method Groundwater quality Self-organizing map Petrochemical industrial park Seawater intrusion Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Tables 1 to 3 are available in the Supplementary Files section Supplementary Files SI3.docx Table.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 27 Apr, 2026 Read the published version in Environmental Earth Sciences → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 17 Sep, 2025 Reviews received at journal 09 Sep, 2025 Reviews received at journal 06 Sep, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 06 Sep, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 04 Sep, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 03 Sep, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 28 Jun, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 28 Jun, 2025 First submitted to journal 26 Jun, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6986952","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":512552826,"identity":"61c834e7-cb55-436e-9a95-6a06723a8eab","order_by":0,"name":"Siwei Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nanchang University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Siwei","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":512552827,"identity":"cd022b18-b1b1-490f-a557-8a62d4c414b1","order_by":1,"name":"Ruoliang Yang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nanchang 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The properties of chemical raw materials and products determine that chemical industrial parks are more dangerous than other types, and preventing groundwater pollution in chemical industrial parks has become an important task in environmental protection work. This study used self-organizing maps, entropy weight water quality index method, and K-means clustering method to analyze groundwater chemical data during the wet and dry seasons. Selecting 16 hydrochemical indicators, a study was conducted on 36 sampling points each during the wet and dry seasons. Based on SOM and K-means, the groundwater components were divided into four clusters, and the chemical characteristics of the four clusters during different periods were analyzed. The water quality difference between the wet and dry seasons was quantified through water quality evaluation. The results showed that the groundwater quality in the study area was sensitive to seasonal changes, and overall, the water quality was worse during the dry season. Comparing the characteristics of the four clusters, it was found that Cluster IV was the most severely invaded by seawater and had the poorest water quality. The spatial concentration in the lower right corner of the research area further proves that the SOM clustering analysis method can efficiently classify and achieve the effect of small intra-cluster differences and significant inter cluster differences, providing a scientific basis for the zoning management and protection of groundwater resources.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Seasonal hydrogeochemical response mechanism and comprehensive water quality assessment of groundwater in coastal industrial parks from the perspective of spatiotemporal interweaving","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-09-10 09:51:20","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6986952/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-09-17T13:39:15+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-09-09T13:27:07+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-09-06T22:54:37+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"324901769377162368498340539720915180989","date":"2025-09-06T22:11:23+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"235856354105136756721005370132812445478","date":"2025-09-04T06:54:04+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-09-03T17:05:27+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-06-28T14:31:50+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-06-28T14:31:21+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Environmental Earth Sciences","date":"2025-06-27T01:16:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"environmental-earth-sciences","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"enge","sideBox":"Learn more about [Environmental Earth Sciences](https://www.springer.com/journal/12665)","snPcode":"12665","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/12665/3","title":"Environmental Earth Sciences","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"cf827d70-485c-4024-89a2-4e1714e1c993","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 10th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-04T16:01:38+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-6986952","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-026-12855-y","journal":{"identity":"environmental-earth-sciences","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Environmental Earth Sciences"},"publishedOn":"2026-04-27 15:58:08","publishedOnDateReadable":"April 27th, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-09-10 09:51:20","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s12665-026-12855-y","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-026-12855-y","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6986952","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6986952","identity":"rs-6986952","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}