Innovative Diagnostic Approaches and Treatment Strategies for Endometriosis: Current Trends and Future Direction - Review

Wiktoria Domino, Joanna Śnieżna, Wojciech Florczak, Karol Dzwonnik, Urszula Zelik, Jagienka Włodyka, Gabriela Trestka, Maria Przygoda, Jakub Dziewic, Katarzyna Stępień, Sabina Adamczyk
In: Quality in Sport · 2025 · vol. 37 , pp. 57149 · doi:10.12775/qs.2025.37.57149 · W4406651383
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-06 ⓘ

This review examines current diagnostic methods like imaging and molecular tests, and treatment strategies including NSAIDs, hormonal therapies, and surgery for endometriosis, highlighting innovative approaches and future directions.

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This review discusses current diagnostic approaches for endometriosis, including ultrasonography, MRI, and molecular tests, and summarizes treatment strategies aimed at pain relief, quality of life, recurrence prevention, fertility preservation, and reducing surgery, using broad overviews of pharmacological and surgical options. It reports that symptom management commonly involves NSAIDs and hormonal therapies such as combined oral contraceptives, GnRH agonists, and progestogens, while laparoscopic surgery is typically reserved for severe symptoms or advanced disease. The review highlights innovative and alternative treatments as having potential, but explicitly notes that further studies are needed to confirm safety and efficacy. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it provides a current-trends review of diagnostic methods and treatment strategies.

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Abstract

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition affecting many women of reproductive age, often leading to infertility, pain, and other health issues. Diagnosing this disease is challenging due to its often nonspecific symptoms, and its diagnosis requires advanced imaging techniques and, in some cases, laparoscopy. This paper discusses current diagnostic methods used in endometriosis, such as ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and molecular tests. Treatment of endometriosis presents a significant medical challenge due to its chronic nature and the difficulty of managing it. The primary goals of treatment include pain relief, improving the patient's quality of life, preventing disease recurrence, preserving fertility, and reducing the need for surgery. Depending on individual needs, various treatment methods are available, including pharmacological and surgical approaches. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to alleviate symptoms, while hormonal therapies, such as combined oral contraceptives, GnRH agonists, and progestogens, aim to inhibit ovulation and estrogen production to reduce inflammation and slow disease progression. Surgery, typically laparoscopic, is indicated for severe symptoms or advanced disease. Innovative treatment methods show potential in managing endometriosis, but further studies are needed to confirm their safety and efficacy.
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Innovative Diagnostic Approaches and Treatment Strategies for Endometriosis: Current Trends and Future Direction - Review DOI: https://doi.org/10.12775/QS.2025.37.57149Keywords Endometriosis, Endometriosis diagnosis, Endometriosis treatment, Alternative therapies for endometriosisAbstract Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition affecting many women of reproductive age, often leading to infertility, pain, and other health issues. Diagnosing this disease is challenging due to its often nonspecific symptoms, and its diagnosis requires advanced imaging techniques and, in some cases, laparoscopy. This paper discusses current diagnostic methods used in endometriosis, such as ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and molecular tests. Treatment of endometriosis presents a significant medical challenge due to its chronic nature and the difficulty of managing it. The primary goals of treatment include pain relief, improving the patient's quality of life, preventing disease recurrence, preserving fertility, and reducing the need for surgery. Depending on individual needs, various treatment methods are available, including pharmacological and surgical approaches. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to alleviate symptoms, while hormonal therapies, such as combined oral contraceptives, GnRH agonists, and progestogens, aim to inhibit ovulation and estrogen production to reduce inflammation and slow disease progression. Surgery, typically laparoscopic, is indicated for severe symptoms or advanced disease. Innovative treatment methods show potential in managing endometriosis, but further studies are needed to confirm their safety and efficacy. References 1.Mehedintu C, Plotogea MN, Ionescu S, Antonovici M. Endometriosis still a challenge. J Med Life. 2014;7(3):349-357. 2.Burney RO, Giudice LC. Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis. Fertil Steril. 2012;98(3):511-519. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.06.029 3.Edi R, Cheng T. Endometriosis: Evaluation and Treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2022;106(4):397-404. 4.Allaire C, Bedaiwy MA, Yong PJ. Diagnosis and management of endometriosis. CMAJ. 2023;195(10):E363-E371. doi:10.1503/cmaj.220637 5. Smolarz B, Szyłło K, Romanowicz H. Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Classification, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Genetics (Review of Literature). Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 29;22(19):10554. doi: 10.3390/ijms221910554. 6. Pašalić E, Tambuwala MM, Hromić-Jahjefendić A. Endometriosis: Classification, pathophysiology, and treatment options. Pathol Res Pract. 2023;251:154847. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2023.154847 7. França PRC, Lontra ACP, Fernandes PD. Endometriosis: A Disease with Few Direct Treatment Options. Molecules. 2022;27(13):4034. Published 2022 Jun 23. doi:10.3390/molecules27134034 8. Koninckx PR, Fernandes R, Ussia A, et al. Pathogenesis Based Diagnosis and Treatment of Endometriosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021;12:745548. Published 2021 Nov 25. doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.745548 9. Chapron C, Lafay-Pillet MC, Santulli P, Bourdon M, Maignien C, Gaudet-Chardonnet A, Maitrot-Mantelet L, Borghese B, Marcellin L. A new validated screening method for endometriosis diagnosis based on patient questionnaires. EClinicalMedicine. 2022 Jan 10;44:101263. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101263. 10. Bulun SE, Yilmaz BD, Sison C, et al. Endometriosis. Endocr Rev. 2019;40(4):1048-1079. doi:10.1210/er.2018-00242 11.Dogan E, Saygili U, Posaci C, et al. Regression of endometrial explants in rats treated with the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor rofecoxib. Fertil Steril. 2004;82 Suppl 3:1115-1120. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.06.033 12.Vannuccini S, Clemenza S, Rossi M, Petraglia F. Hormonal treatments for endometriosis: The endocrine background. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2022;23(3):333-355. doi:10.1007/s11154-021-09666-w 13. Chen LH, Lo WC, Huang HY, Wu HM. A Lifelong Impact on Endometriosis: Pathophysiology and Pharmacological Treatment. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr 19;24(8):7503. doi: 10.3390/ijms24087503 14. Rafique S, Decherney AH. Medical Management of Endometriosis. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2017;60(3):485-496. doi:10.1097/GRF.0000000000000292 15. Vannuccini S, Clemenza S, Rossi M, Petraglia F. Hormonal treatments for endometriosis: The endocrine background. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2022 Jun;23(3):333-355. doi: 10.1007/s11154-021-09666-w. Epub 2021 Aug 17 16. Ashfaq S, Pellegrini MV, Can AS. Danazol. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; February 28, 2024. 17. Selak V, Farquhar C, Prentice A, Singla A. Danazol for pelvic pain associated with endometriosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(4):CD000068. Published 2007 Oct 17. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000068.pub2 18. Islam MS, Afrin S, Jones SI, Segars J. Selective Progesterone Receptor Modulators-Mechanisms and Therapeutic Utility. Endocr Rev. 2020;41(5):bnaa012. doi:10.1210/endrev/bnaa012 19. Muñoz-Hernando L, Muñoz-Gonzalez JL, Marqueta-Marques L, et al. Endometriosis: alternative methods of medical treatment. Int J Womens Health. 2015;7:595-603. Published 2015 Jun 11. doi:10.2147/IJWH.S78829 20. Ferrero S, Gillott DJ, Venturini PL, Remorgida V. Use of aromatase inhibitors to treat endometriosis-related pain symptoms: a systematic review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2011;9:89. Published 2011 Jun 21. doi:10.1186/1477-7827-9-89 21. Zheng W, Cao L, Xu Z, Ma Y, Liang X. Anti-Angiogenic Alternative and Complementary Medicines for the Treatment of Endometriosis: A Review of Potential Molecular Mechanisms. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018;2018:4128984. Published 2018 Oct 1. doi:10.1155/2018/4128984 22. Taghizadeh M, Noruzinia M. Lovastatin Reduces Stemness via Epigenetic Reprograming of BMP2 and GATA2 in Human Endometrium and Endometriosis. Cell J. 2017;19(1):50-64. doi:10.22074/cellj.2016.3894 23. Sadłocha M, Toczek J, Major K, Staniczek J, Stojko R. Endometriosis: Molecular Pathophysiology and Recent Treatment Strategies-Comprehensive Literature Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Jun 24;17(7):827. doi: 10.3390/ph17070827. 24. Mohamed A. Bedaiwy, Nichole M. Barker: Evidence based surgical management of endometriosis, Middle East Fertility Society Journal, Volume 17, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 57-60, ISSN 1110-5690, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mefs.2011.12.004. 25. Wójcik M, Szczepaniak R, Placek K. Physiotherapy Management in Endometriosis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 2;19(23):16148. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192316148. 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