Impact of uncorrected astigmatism on image quality with dual focus optics - a modelling study

Impact of uncorrected astigmatism on image quality with dual focus optics - a modelling study | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Impact of uncorrected astigmatism on image quality with dual focus optics - a modelling study Matt Jaskulski, Arthur Bradley, Pete Kollbaum This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9498696/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 6 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Purpose Compare the impact of uncorrected astigmatism in a single vision (SV) and a dual focus (DF) optical model at the center and boundaries of the interval of Sturm. Methods With the rule astigmatism (up to 2.00 diopters) was added to a single vision and a dual focus optical model. The dual focus model included an annular zone with + 2.00 of added power. For each model, wavefronts were constructed from Zernike polynomials over the full pupil (SV model) or separately (on zone-by-zone basis) in the DF model. Geometric ray tracing and wave optics were used to compute point-spread functions (PSFs), Modulation Transfer Functions (MTFs) and simulated letter images at the center and anterior and posterior ends of the “Interval of Sturm” (IOS). Results Simple line foci were observed with the SV model, but more complicated PSFs containing circular, elliptical and double orthogonal line components were created when astigmatism was added to the DF model. Simulated images in both the SV and DF models were degraded with increasing levels of astigmatism. In the absence of astigmatism, lens only MTFs were reduced by approximately 50% in the DF model, but as astigmatism levels increased, MTF values and differences in MTFs between the SV and DF models were reduced. In the presence of ocular aberrations MTFs with astigmatisms greater than 1.00D were almost identical in the SV and DF models. Conclusions The modeling shows that uncorrected astigmatism remains a major contributor to image degradation in eyes corrected with a DF contact lens suggesting that astigmatic eyes fit with dual focus myopia control contact lenses would benefit from a toric correction. Full Text Additional Declarations Competing interest reported. This study was funded by CooperVision, Inc., and AB is an employee of CooperVision, Inc. The research group at Indiana University receives research funding for other projects from Alcon, CooperVision, Essilor, SightGlass Vision, Viatris, and Zeiss. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 06 May, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 05 May, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 29 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 28 Apr, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 27 Apr, 2026 First submitted to journal 22 Apr, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9498696","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":635598832,"identity":"25e40ea7-4801-4ad1-8943-4d161583a8f7","order_by":0,"name":"Matt Jaskulski","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAqUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHCCBAaGAzY8IJYEKVrSSNMCBAcOMxCvRbf9wMOPP86clzE4wHzwNg8xWszOJCRL89y4zWNwgC3ZmjgtBxISpBk+gLTwmEkTp+X8g+SfPz6cA2rh/0aklhsJaRI8Nw6AbGEjVsuDNGueM8k8kofZjC3nEOewnOSbP47Z2fMdb3544w0xWhgYeBIgNDNxykGA/QDxakfBKBgFo2BkAgApGzRhNWrLmgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Indiana University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Matt","middleName":"","lastName":"Jaskulski","suffix":""},{"id":635598833,"identity":"1ca04228-7b1a-4207-8bbf-86778844d5a1","order_by":1,"name":"Arthur Bradley","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"CooperVision Inc.","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Arthur","middleName":"","lastName":"Bradley","suffix":""},{"id":635598834,"identity":"d42fa4e4-9872-4054-886a-7cabad4a9c2c","order_by":2,"name":"Pete Kollbaum","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Indiana University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Pete","middleName":"","lastName":"Kollbaum","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-04-22 16:09:59","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9498696/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9498696/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":108822835,"identity":"f924f72b-5cf8-455c-a66e-6247a5f12a3b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-05-08 16:51:03","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2308259,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Impactofuncorrectedastigmatismonimagequalitywithdualfocusopticsamodellingstudy1.02.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9498696/v1_covered_fd76126e-a13b-4b50-a1aa-7cf1e07a7961.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"Competing interest reported. 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The dual focus model included an annular zone with +\u0026thinsp;2.00 of added power. For each model, wavefronts were constructed from Zernike polynomials over the full pupil (SV model) or separately (on zone-by-zone basis) in the DF model. Geometric ray tracing and wave optics were used to compute point-spread functions (PSFs), Modulation Transfer Functions (MTFs) and simulated letter images at the center and anterior and posterior ends of the \u0026ldquo;Interval of Sturm\u0026rdquo; (IOS).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eSimple line foci were observed with the SV model, but more complicated PSFs containing circular, elliptical and double orthogonal line components were created when astigmatism was added to the DF model. Simulated images in both the SV and DF models were degraded with increasing levels of astigmatism. In the absence of astigmatism, lens only MTFs were reduced by approximately 50% in the DF model, but as astigmatism levels increased, MTF values and differences in MTFs between the SV and DF models were reduced. In the presence of ocular aberrations MTFs with astigmatisms greater than 1.00D were almost identical in the SV and DF models.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusions\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe modeling shows that uncorrected astigmatism remains a major contributor to image degradation in eyes corrected with a DF contact lens suggesting that astigmatic eyes fit with dual focus myopia control contact lenses would benefit from a toric correction.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Impact of uncorrected astigmatism on image quality with dual focus optics - a modelling study","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-05-08 16:42:01","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9498696/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"85954400641298049486138989227670961099","date":"2026-05-06T14:35:26+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"269151882775848338358281579540834519634","date":"2026-05-05T15:12:41+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-29T18:24:19+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-04-28T14:31:13+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-04-27T08:04:36+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","date":"2026-04-22T15:54:20+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"ophthalmic-and-physiological-optics","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"Learn more about [Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics](https://link.springer.com/journal/44402)","snPcode":"44402","submissionUrl":"https://submission.springernature.com/new-submission/44402/3?","title":"Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Open","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"fa0a58d5-ca7b-44cd-a7bf-e163bbfa0b96","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 8th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"85954400641298049486138989227670961099","date":"2026-05-06T14:35:26+00:00","index":14,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"269151882775848338358281579540834519634","date":"2026-05-05T15:12:41+00:00","index":13,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"4","date":"2026-04-29T18:24:19+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-08T16:42:01+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-05-08 16:42:01","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9498696","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9498696","identity":"rs-9498696","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}