Binding and Toxicological Insights into Direct Yellow 8 and Bovine Serum Albumin: Fluorescence Quenching and Cytotoxicity Studies

Binding and Toxicological Insights into Direct Yellow 8 and Bovine Serum Albumin: Fluorescence Quenching and Cytotoxicity Studies | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Binding and Toxicological Insights into Direct Yellow 8 and Bovine Serum Albumin: Fluorescence Quenching and Cytotoxicity Studies Babita Bisht, Sangeeta Yadav, Pinki Dey, Praveen K. Kujur, Avinash Singh, and 5 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8881686/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The present work elucidates the binding interaction between the textile dye Direct Yellow 8 (DY8) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) using techniques such as UV-Vis absorption, circular dichroism, FTIR, fluorescence, and time-resolved fluorescence. Azo dyes like DY8 exhibit carcinogenic properties and may cause cancer when they come into contact with biomolecules during intake; therefore, it is imperative to extensively explore their characteristics. Absorption studies were conducted to decipher the formation of the BSA-DY8 ground-state complex. To investigate the mechanism of quenching, temperature-dependent fluorescence quenching studies were performed, supported by time-resolved fluorescence analysis. The feasible mode of quenching for the BSA-DY8 system is non-radiative energy transfer. Toxicity studies were conducted using multiple spectroscopic techniques to anticipate and define the binding interaction between BSA and DY8. Docking, computer simulations, and molecular dynamics revealed a stable binding configuration with least fluctuations. Furthermore, we demonstrate the proliferative effect of the textile dye DY8 in mammalian HEK 293 cells, highlighting the need to develop non-carcinogenic dyes and improve the treatment of industrial effluents. Biological sciences/Biochemistry Biological sciences/Biological techniques Biological sciences/Biophysics Biological sciences/Biotechnology Biological sciences/Chemical biology Physical sciences/Chemistry DY8 BSA binding interaction molecular dynamics simulation energy transfer lifetime MTT assay Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files SupplementryInfo5.4.2025.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 24 Mar, 2026 Reviews received at journal 20 Mar, 2026 Reviews received at journal 16 Mar, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 27 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 25 Feb, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 25 Feb, 2026 Editor invited by journal 19 Feb, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 16 Feb, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 16 Feb, 2026 First submitted to journal 14 Feb, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8881686","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":598052801,"identity":"6a51d94d-4b5e-4083-822c-3fb9f9cbe47d","order_by":0,"name":"Babita Bisht","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Babita","middleName":"","lastName":"Bisht","suffix":""},{"id":598052802,"identity":"a98de1af-decb-4bec-85b9-b964769a5b61","order_by":1,"name":"Sangeeta Yadav","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Jawaharlal Nehru University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sangeeta","middleName":"","lastName":"Yadav","suffix":""},{"id":598052804,"identity":"e946b799-ec6c-4ff9-878c-aa3807043e29","order_by":2,"name":"Pinki Dey","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"UNSW Sydney","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Pinki","middleName":"","lastName":"Dey","suffix":""},{"id":598052807,"identity":"03c7d4fd-6acc-4380-9946-8299aaab92ff","order_by":3,"name":"Praveen K. 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