Clinical Characteristics and Prediction of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes for Infants with Ventriculomegaly in Utero: A Prospective Observational Study

Clinical Characteristics and Prediction of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes for Infants with Ventriculomegaly in Utero: A Prospective Observational Study | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Clinical Characteristics and Prediction of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes for Infants with Ventriculomegaly in Utero: A Prospective Observational Study Xinlin Hou, Faliang Zhou, Chen Li, Yixuan Huo, Guoyu Sun, Junya Chen, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3234522/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical features and neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants diagnosed with fetal ventriculomegaly (VM). STUDY DESIGN: We collected data of fetuses with VM (November 2017-January 2021). Neurodevelopmental outcomes were evaluated using the Chinese version of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at 18 months. We analyzed the data using two-sided t-test, chi-square tests, and logistic regression. RESULTS Among the 167 VM fetuses, 130 completed a thorough evaluation and postnatal follow-up. Of 130 cases, 61 (47%) displayed isolated VM, while 69 (53%) had non-isolated VM. Neurodevelopmental outcomes differed between the isolated and non-isolated groups, the mild and severe groups, the progressive and non-progressive groups. Anomalies in the CNS, urogenital system, and gastrointestinal tract were associated with lower MDI or PDI scores. CONCLUSIONS Poor neurodevelopmental outcomes were observed in fetuses with severe or progressive VM or when accompanied by structural anomalies, particularly with cerebral, urogenital, and gastrointestinal anomalies. Ventriculomegaly Neurodevelopmental outcomes Prediction Fetal anomalies Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Introduction Fetal ventriculomegaly (VM) is a relatively common sonographic sign referring to a dilation of the atrial lateral ventricular diameter of greater than 10 mm, with a reported incidence ranging from 0.3‰ to 2.0‰[ 1 ]. Depending on the atrial diameter, VM can be classified as mild (≥ 10mm, < 12mm), moderate (≥ 12mm, < 15mm), and severe (≥ 15mm)[ 2 ], and its severity is associated with a higher risk of and neurodevelopmental disabilities and neuropsychiatric disorders[ 3 , 4 ]. Ventriculomegaly may result from various underlying abnormalities, such as central nervous system (CNS) structural anomalies, genetic abnormalities, and congenital infections. The prognosis for fetal ventriculomegaly varies, ranging from normal outcomes to severe neurodevelopmental impairment. The width of the ventricle, coexisting anomalies, and intrauterine progression are factors that affect the prognosis[ 5 , 6 ]. When VM is isolated, meaning it has no associated anomalies with normal karyotype and infection screening result, its severity and the size of the ventricles are linked to a higher risk of poor outcome[ 6 , 7 ]. In addition, previous literature has identified the presence of associated anomalies is the main determinant of neurodevelopmental outcomes[ 1 , 3 , 8 , 9 ]. According to most studies, the presence of other structural CNS and/or non-CNS anomalies significantly increases the risk of a poor neurodevelopmental outcome when VM is present[ 6 , 7 , 10 , 11 ]. Nevertheless, the study that were included failed to establish a connection between the poor neurodevelopmental outcome and particular CNS or non-CNS anatomical abnormalities. Besides, they used various methods to evaluate neurodevelopment. This prospective study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of fetuses having VM and coexisting CNS or non-CNS structural abnormalities while also recognizing the predictors for detrimental neurodevelopmental outcomes. Materials and methods This study was approved by the Ethics Committee at Peking University First Hospital. Analyses were based on longitudinal data collected in an ongoing prospective study performed at the Obstetric and Pediatric Department of Peking University First Hospital. Informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians to participate in the study. Participants enrollment and antenatal management If an ultrasound scan showed fetal ventriculomegaly, defined as a ventricular size greater than 10 mm, the gestational age was recorded during intrauterine monitoring. Additional ultrasound scans were performed every 2–4 weeks until delivery to detect changes in ventricular size and other abnormalities. Ultrasound measurements were carefully performed by professional obstetric sonographers according to the guidelines of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. Progressive VM was defined as an increase in the atrial diameter of the ventricles of at least 3 mm during serial ultrasound monitoring in utero[ 12 ]. Pregnant women were referred for MRI if an ultrasound scan showed fetal VM. All patients were recommended for invasive prenatal diagnostic testing for fetal genetic abnormalities and congenital infection screening. Inclusion criteria included a diagnosis of fetal VM and consent to participate in the study. Patients were excluded if they did not consent or had not completed a thorough evaluation, including serial ultrasound and fetal MRI, amniocentesis for karyotype and chromosomal microarray analysis, and a TORCH (toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and parvovirus B19) testing. Fetal ultrasound data Ultrasound data on fetuses was collected by experienced obstetric sonographers during the second and third trimesters, in the prenatal ultrasound units in our center. The collected data included fetal anomalies and biometric measurements. Structural anomalies in both CNS and non-CNS regions were observed. These include anomalies in the heart, chest, gastrointestinal tract, urogenital system, spine, limbs, and umbilical cord. In addition to measuring the lateral ventricle width, biometric measures such as head circumference (HC), biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (FL), cisterna magna size, and amniotic fluid index (AFI) were recorded. Gestational age (GA) for each fetus was calculated from the last menstrual period in the study. The fetal biometric measurements (HC, BPD, AC, FL) were converted to the gestation age-matched standardized Z-scores[ 13 ] using the most widely accepted Hadlock approach[ 14 – 16 ]. Postnatal follow-up and prognosis analysis Parents were contacted and invited to participate in postnatal follow-up evaluations, including physical examination, neurodevelopmental assessment, and cranial ultrasound scans (performed within 7 days, at 42 days, and at 3, 6, and 9 months after birth). Ventricular width was measured by ultrasound at the central-posterior horn layer of the ventricle in the coronal section through the anterior fontanel. This index was similar to the atrial diameter of the ventricles in utero. Brain MRI and electroencephalogram or other related tests were performed if the patient was diagnosed with epilepsy, developmental delay, or other structural abnormalities on cranial ultrasound. The neurodevelopmental scale was assessed at 6, 12, and 18 months of age. During the neurodevelopmental assessment, a psychologist blinded to VM status assessed the infant's general cognitive and motor skills using the Chinese revision of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-CR). The BSID-CR is widely used in China and has been modified from the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-Second Edition with adequate reliability and validity[ 17 ]. There are two indices in the BSID-CR: the Mental Development Index (MDI) was scored based on 163 items (mean score 100, standard deviation 15), and the Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) was scored based on 81 items (mean score 100, standard deviation 15). A higher index indicates a better neurodevelopmental status[ 17 , 18 ]. A cut-off score of 85 was used to differentiate between normal and delayed functioning[ 10 ]. Statistical analysis All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics version 26.0 and GraphPad Prism version 8.0.2. Continuous variables with normal distribution are presented as mean ± SD. Continuous variables with skewed distribution are presented as median (interquartile range). A two-sided t-test was used to assess the differences between continuous variables. Categorical variables are presented as frequencies (percentages) and were compared using Pearson’s chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test. Non-parametric tests were used to analyse grade data. The Mann-Whitney test was used for two independent samples. Differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between the isolated VM group and each of the non-isolated VM groups (VM with structural abnormalities, genetic disorder, and fetal infection) were assessed using univariate statistics. The association between ventriculomegaly characteristics and Chinese revision of Bayley Scales of Infant Development score (MDI and PDI) was assessed using univariate statistics. Logistic regression models were used to assess the independent association of each fetal structural abnormality or measurement with PDI/MDI scores. A two-sided test significance level of 0.05 was used throughout the study. Results Between 1 November 2017 and 1 January 2021, 846 cases of VM in utero were diagnosed at our center out of a total of 18,219 pregnancies. Ultimately, 167 cases gave consent and underwent a thorough VM evaluation, including serial ultrasound and fetal MRI, amniocentesis for karyotype and chromosomal microarray analysis, and testing for congenital fetal infections (shown in Fig. 1 ). 23 fetuses were excluded for stillbirth or induced abortion, including 19 singletons who were stillborn or aborted due to: (1) severe prenatal structural cerebral anomaly (n = 12; 7 cases of agenesis of corpus callosum, 2 cases of cortical dysplasia, 1 case of fetal hydrocephalus, lissencephaly, and grey matter heterotopia respectively); (2) multiple structural extracerebral malformations (n = 4; 2 cases of congenital heart disease and cleft lip and palate respectively); (3) prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidy (n = 3; 2 of trisomy 21 syndrome and 1 of 45, X mosaicism). 4 monochorionic twins were stillborn or aborted, 3 due to twin-twin transfusion syndrome and 1 because of selective intrauterine growth restriction. In addition, 14 infants were excluded due to loss to follow-up at the time of data collection. Demographic and clinical characteristics Of the 130 cases in this study, 47% had isolated VM (n = 61) and 53% had non-isolated VM (n = 69). In the non-isolated VM group, there were 58 cases with structural anomalies (no diagnosed genetic disorders, 27 cases with CNS anomalies, 22 cases with non-CNS anomalies, and 9 cases with both CNS and non-CNS anomalies), 10 cases with genetic disorders (details in Table 2), and only one case with congenital infection (cytomegalovirus infection). No significant differences were found between the isolated VM group and non-isolated VM groups with regard to pregnancy details and neonatal characteristics (Table 1). In addition, the VM characteristics of the different VM groups are shown in Table 1. Non-isolated VM groups had a higher rate of bilateral (52% vs. 25%), severe (12% vs. 2%), and progressive (16% vs. 10%) features when compared to the isolated VM group, especially VM with structural abnormalities. Of note, VM with both CNS and non-CNS anomalies were more likely to be severe (33% vs. 2%; p = 0.006) and progressive (44% vs. 10%; p = 0.024) compared to the isolated VM group. Karyotyping and chromosomal array results analysis Karyotyping revealed chromosomal abnormalities in 3 (2.3%) patients and all 3 cases had autosomal structural abnormalities (Table 2). All pregnant women in this study consented to perform the chromosomal microarray analysis, 8 (6.2%) cases had abnormal results and further details are shown in Table 2. Of these, 2 cases were mild VM (1 of which was IVM), 5 cases were moderate VM (1 of which was IVM), and 1 case was severe VM. In combination with the clinical features, no pathogenic copy number variations were identified using the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man Database (OMIM), Pubmed, and Decipher Database. There were 5 cases of gene copy number polymorphism variation and 3 cases of maternal or paternal gene copy number variation. Prediction of neurodevelopmental outcomes All 130 cases were evaluated using BSID-CR at the 18-month follow-up (Table 3). Out of the total, 20 patients (15.4%) had a low MDI, and 23 patients (17.7%) had a low PDI. No significant differences in gestational age at diagnosis and laterality were noted between the normal and delayed groups. However, NIVM (MDI: OR 1.2; 95%CI, 1.0-1.4; p = 0.013; PDI: OR 1.2; 95%CI, 1.0-1.4; p = 0.027) and severe VM (MDI: OR 3.4; 95%CI, 1.4–7.9; p = 0.031; PDI: OR 3.7; 95%CI, 1.8–7.7; p = 0.009) had a significant association with high odds of low MDI and PDI scores. Mild VM was linked with reduced odds of low MDI scores (OR 0.3; 95%CI, 0.1–0.9; p = 0.03). Progressive VM was associated with higher odds of low PDI score (OR 4.2; 95%CI, 1.4–12.8; p = 0.006). VM fetuses with structural anomalies Figure 2 , Fig. 3 and Table 4 illustrate the differences found in VM fetuses with structural anomalies. In comparison to developmentally-normal groups, delayed groups had a higher prevalence of fetal structural anomalies (MDI: 75% vs 39%; PDI: 65% vs 40%). In addition, delayed cases had a higher frequency of multiple anatomic anomalies than normal groups (MDI: 25% vs. 5%, OR 5.78, 95%CI 1.57–21.30, p = 0.004; PDI: 26% vs 5%, OR 7.20, 95%CI 1.98–26.24, p = 0.001) (Fig. 2 ). Compared with developmentally-normal groups, structural anomalies observed more in delayed groups included CNS anomalies (MDI: 60% vs. 26%; PDI: 61% vs. 25%), followed by anomalies of the urogenital system (MDI: 25% vs. 5%; PDI: 17% vs. 6%), heart and chest (MDI: 15% vs. 6%; PDI: 13% vs. 6%), gastrointestinal tract (MDI: 10% vs. 3%; PDI: 13% vs. 2%), spine and limbs (MDI: 10% vs. 2%; PDI: 9% vs. 2%) (Fig. 3 ). Of note, individuals with CNS anomalies had significantly higher odds of low MDI scores (OR 4.19, 95%CI 1.56–11.28) and PDI scores (OR 4.61, 95%CI 1.79–11.85), particularly in those with mega cisterna magna (MDI: OR 5.25, 95%CI 1.27–21.63, p = 0.043; PDI: OR 12.24, 95%CI 2.79–53.63, p = 0.001) and those with agenesis of corpus callosum (MDI: OR 11.89, 95%CI 2.57–54.90, p = 0.001; PDI: OR 9.63, 95%CI 2.11–43.87; p = 0.003). Out of the 9 identified cases with VM and mega cisterna magna, 4 cases had low MDI and 6 cases had low PDI. Two of these cases exhibited concurrent agenesis of corpus callosum, and both had low MDI and PDI scores. In another case, bilateral renal pelvis dilation, right duplicate kidney and echogenic intracardiac focus were observed along with low MDI and PDI scores. Anomalies in the urogenital system were linked to higher odds of low MDI scores (OR 7.00, 95%CI 1.81–27.07), while anomalies in the gastrointestinal tract were associated with elevated odds of a low PDI score (OR 7.88, 95%CI 1.24–50.18) (Table 4). Biometric measurements are presented in Table 5. Delayed cases showed a statistically significant increase in cisterna magna size compared with developmentally-normal groups in both the MDI (8.37 ± 2.54mm vs. 7.20 ± 2.19mm, p = 0.036) and PDI (8.50 ± 2.41 vs. 7.14 ± 2.18, p = 0.009) groups. No significant differences were found in BPD, HC, AC, FL, and AFL measurements between the delayed fetuses and control groups. Discussion Ventriculomegaly (VM) is a commonly detected prenatal ultrasound finding that can indicate various pathologic processes or be a normal variation. Depending on its etiology, severity, and progression, VM can lead to a range of neurodevelopmental outcomes, from normal to delayed, as indicated in sources [ 2 , 4 , 12 , 19 , 20 ]. In this study, we provided a comprehensive analysis of the etiologies and prognostic factors associated with VM, and identified that non-isolated VM cases exhibited a higher incidence of bilateral, severe, and progressive characteristics compared to isolated VM cases. The fetal VM prognosis is impacted by the degree of ventricle dilatation, progression, and any accompanying structural anomalies, with particular consideration for CNS anomalies and multiple anomalies (fetal VM with both CNS and non-CNS anomalies). Ventriculomegaly refers to the enlargement of ventricles that is not caused by an obstructive cause, unlike hydrocephalus that is caused by increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure as a result of obstruction[ 2 ]. VM can be associated with genetic, structural, and fetal TORCH infectious disorders, with outcomes varying from normal to severely impaired. In VM fetuses, around 5% of cases of mild to moderate VM cases were reported to be caused by congenital infections, and 5% had an abnormal karyotype. Additionally, 10–15% showed abnormal findings in chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA)[ 2 ]. CNS anomalies were observed in 50–85% cases of severe VM[ 6 ]. This study demonstrated that non-isolated VM cases had a higher prevalence of bilateral (52% vs. 25%), severe (12% vs. 2%), and progressive (16% vs. 10%) characteristics when compared with isolated VM. It is widely accepted that infants VM, who have accompanying CNS anomalies, or those who have severe or progressive VM, have worse outcomes compared to those with mild isolated VM or VM that resolved spontaneously[ 11 , 19 , 20 ]. When VM accompany CNS or non-CNS malformations, the likelihood of neurodevelopmental delay increases from 9–36% in isolated cases to 84%[ 6 , 21 , 22 ]. Our data, in line with most studies[ 1 , 4 – 6 , 9 , 10 , 23 ], demonstrates that fetuses with neurodevelopmental delay often have structural anomalies in the central nervous system, urogenital system, heart, gastrointestinal tract, and spine. Multiple anomalies and CNS structural anomalies, such as mega cisterna magna and agenesis of corpus callosum, were found to be associated with a higher risk of developmental delay. Early studies have generally considered mega cisterna magna as a harmless abnormality[ 24 , 25 ]. However, Dror et al.[ 26 ] reported that children with an enlarged cisterna magna might be at risk of mild developmental delay, particularly for non-isolated cases, after conducting the Gesell Developmental Schedules and the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale tests on 29 children with a large cisterna magna found in utero and 35 normal controls. Furthermore, respectively, urogenital system and gastrointestinal tract anomalies were associated with higher odds of low MDI and PDI scores. According to recent research on genetic testing of karyotype and chromosomal microarray (CMA), invasive examinations should be considered for all women with VM in utero, irrespective of age, due to the higher rate of genetic aberrations, additional anomalies, and poor prognoses[ 5 , 27 ]. As mentioned previously, we have observed a lower incidence of abnormal karyotype and CMA results compared to prior studies. Our study observed that infants with or without genetic variants categorised as “variants of uncertain significance” had similar outcomes on measures of BSID-CR during short-term follow-up. Although our sample is insufficient to draw a final conclusion, our data suggest that, unlike chromosomal abnormalities, the unclear pathogenic genetic disorder of ventriculomegaly fetuses does not predict the risk of poor outcomes. It has been reported that progressive and severe lateral ventricular dilatation was correlated with worse neurodevelopmental outcomes, but the reported impact on different aspects of neurologic functions is inconsistent[ 3 , 20 , 28 ]. Regarding progression, multiple reviews and studies have reported that intrauterine progression of VM is only associated with motor impairment[ 11 , 28 ]. Our findings are consistent this concept. As for the severity of VM, severe VM (atrial width above 15mm) is considered the primary factor that affects pregnancy outcomes and it is generally associated with a poor neurodevelopmental outcome[ 5 , 20 , 23 ]. Our study also confirms this. However, some literature suggests that the severity of VM is not consistently or directly associated with outcomes[ 10 , 20 , 28 ]. Additional population-based studies with objective protocols for prenatal diagnosis and postnatal neurodevelopmental evaluation are required to clarify these issues. Our study has certain limitations. The first limitation is the early endpoint of the neurodevelopmental follow-up. A comprehensive evaluation requires considering the progressive trajectories and extended follow-up of the neurodevelopmental outcomes. Secondly, some parents perceived their children as relatively normal and, as a result, did not participate in further postnatal follow-up. Lastly, due to the absence of an evaluation of the caregiving quality of the family environment, the study has another limitation. Early intervention may have a more significant effect on maximizing the developmental potential of infants with developmental issues[ 29 ], making this assessment crucial. Conclusion Non-isolated VM is more likely than isolated VM to manifest bilaterally, severely, and progressively. Severe and progressive VM, along with VM displaying multiple structural anomalies in both the CNS and non-CNS, are risk factors for poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Consequently, there is a need for additional prospective studies on this subject, using defined protocols in evaluating prenatal screening and infant follow-up, with the application of formal neurological and developmental assessments until the children reach school age. Declarations Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the patients and all clinicians who provided data in our center. Statement of Ethics This work was carried out in accordance with the World Medical Association’s Helsinki Declaration. Ethics approval for this study was granted by the Medical Ethics Committee of Peking University First Hospital. Informed consents of participants were obtained from their parents or guardians in this study. Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Funding Sources This study was funded by National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (2022CR68), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFC2700700), Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (2022-3-40715), Beijing Natural Science Foundation-Haidian Original Innovation Joint Fund (2022L222016), Young Scientists Fund of the NSFC (82101806), and Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z211100002921050). Author Contributions Faliang Zhou is responsible for analyzing the data and writing the manuscript. Xinlin Hou and Lili Liu conceived this study and were in charge of the follow-up from antenatal to postnatal. Junya Chen, Chen Li and Yan Lin are responsible for collecting and Follow-up, as well as being coordinators for parents and doctors. Data Availability Statement All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in the submission. The raw data are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. References Patel SK, Zamorano-Fernandez J, Nagaraj U, Bierbrauer KS, Mangano FT. Not all ventriculomegaly is created equal: diagnostic overview of fetal, neonatal and pediatric ventriculomegaly. Childs Nerv Syst . 2020; 36 :1681-96 doi: 10.1007/s00381-019-04384-w. Society for Maternal-Fetal M, Norton ME, Fox NS, Monteagudo A, Kuller JA, Craigo S. Fetal Ventriculomegaly. Am J Obstet Gynecol . 2020; 223 :B30-B3 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.182. D'Antonio F, Zafeiriou DI. Fetal ventriculomegaly: What we have and what is still missing. 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Tables Table.1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics for infants included in this study Characteristics Isolated VM (n=61) VM with structural anomalies VM with genetic disorder (n=10) VM with fetal infection (n=1) Total (n=58) CNS (n=27) Non-CNS (n=22) Both (n=9) Pregnancy Details Mother’s age, y Mean ± SD 31.7 ± 3.7 31.9 ± 4.2 33.2 ± 3.1 31.5 ± 4.5 29.4 ± 4.6 33.6 ± 3.0 29 P 0.680 0.078 0.820 0.109 0.129 0.479 Pregnancy number Median (IQR) 2 (1-4) 2 (1-4) 2 (1-4) 2 (1-4) 2 (1-3) 2 (1-4) 2 P 1 1 1 1 1 1 Cesarean delivery No. (%) 32 (52) 27 (47) 12 (44) 11 (50) 4 (44) 5 (50) 1 P 0.519 0.488 0.843 0.927 0.885 1 Gestational age, wk Mean ± SD 39.3 ± 1.1 39.3 ± 1.3 39.4 ± 1.0 39.4 ± 1.8 39.0 ± 0.8 38.4 ± 1.4 36.2 P 0.810 0.647 0.733 0.519 0.076 0.011 Birth weight, kg Mean ± SD 3.50 ± 0.4 3.49 ± 0.4 3.60 ± 0.4 3.47 ± 0.5 3.25 ± 0.2 3.34 ± 0.6 2.86 P 0.819 0.485 0.751 0.141 0.353 0.134 Head circumference, cm Mean ± SD 34.6 ± 1.0 34.5 ± 1.4 34.8 ± 1.6 34.3 ± 1.2 34.5 ± 0.9 34.2 ± 1.0 34.5 P 0.842 0.672 0.356 0.822 0.340 0.923 Sex (male) No. (%) 34 (56) 41 (71) 19 (70) 17 (77) 5 (56) 7 (70) 0 P 0.091 0.196 0.075 1 0.616 0.452 1-min low Apgar score No. (%) 2 (3) 2 (3) 1 (4) 1 (5) 0 0 0 (<7) P 1 1 1 1 1 1 Low cord PH (<7.2) No. (%) 4 (7) 3 (5) 1 (4) 2 (9) 0 0 0 P 1 1 0.653 1 1 1 VM Details GA at diagnosis, wk Mean ± SD 28.0 ± 4.4 27.3 ± 4.5 27.7 ± 5.0 26.1 ± 3.4 28.9 ± 5.0 27.0 ± 4.2 34 P 0.396 0.750 0.084 0.622 0.509 0.186 Bilateral No. (%) 15 (25) 29 (50) 16 (59) 8 (36) 5 (56) 6 (60) 1 (100) P 0.004 0.002 0.290 0.055 0.057 0.258 Unilateral Left No. (%) 36 (59) 23 (40) 9 (33) 10 (45) 4 (44) 3 (30) 0 (0) P 0.035 0.026 0.273 0.643 0.172 0.419 Right No. (%) 10 (16) 6 (10) 2 (7) 4 (18) 0 (0) 1 (10) 0 (0) P 0.334 0.364 1 0.227 0.963 1 Highest AD, mm Mean ± SD 12.0 ± 1.3 12.1 ± 2.0 12.4 ± 2.4 11.3 ± 0.9 12.9 ± 2.2 12.5 ± 1.7 15.7 Pa 0.759 0.393 0.010 0.015 0.231 0.005 Mild No. (%) 34 (56) 30 (52) 15 (56) 12 (54) 3 (33) 4 (40) 0 (0) Moderate No. (%) 26 (43) 22 (38) 9 (33) 10 (45) 3 (33) 5 (50) 0 (0) Severe No. (%) 1 (2) 6 (10) 3 (11) 0 (0) 3 (33) 1 (10) 1 (100) P 0.049 0.084 1.000 0.006 0.264 0.032 Resolution No. (%) 14 (23) 17 (29) 6 (22) 9 (41) 2 (22) 2 (20) 0 (0) P 0.429 0.940 0.107 1 1 1 Progression No. (%) 6 (10) 8 (14) 4 (15) 0 (0) 4 (44) 2 (20) 1 (100) P 0.503 0.753 0.147 0.024 0.687 0.113 Abbreviations: VM, Ventriculomegaly; IVM, Isolated Ventriculomegaly; CNS, central nervous system; GA, gestational age; AD, atrial diameter; SD, standard deviation. Note: Boldface type indicates P <0.05. All subgroups of non-isolated VM were compared with the isolated group. Table.2 Characteristics of cases with abnormal karyotypes and chromosomal microarray results Case Abnormal karyotype Abnormal microarray Chromosomal abnormality Ventricular dilation Associated structural anomalies 18 months Bayley score MDI PDI 1 yes yes 46, XY, t (8;12) (q22;q21) pat, father Xp22.31, 1.68Mb, duplication, father moderate bilateral Choroid plexus cyst 86 100 2 Yes no 46, XX, t (11;22) (q25;13) pat, father mild unilateral Isolated ventriculomegaly 109 87 3 Yes no 46, XY, inv (9) mild unilateral Isolated ventriculomegaly 109 118 4 no yes 7q35, 0.427Mb, duplication, mother mild unilateral Isolated ventriculomegaly 131 143 5 no yes 14q11.2, 0.3Mb, deletion moderate bilateral Right pyelectasis, FGR, arachnoid cyst 92 92 6 no yes 13q21.31, 0.126Mb, duplication moderate bilateral Periventricular pseudocyst 105 85 7 no yes 15q11.1-q11.2, 3.190Mb, deletion, mother moderate unilateral Third ventricle widened 107 87 8 no yes 9p21.1, 0.134Mb, duplication 12q14.2, 0.193Mb, duplication severe bilateral Hyperechogenicity within left dorsal thalamus, agenesis of corpus callosum 61 51 9 no yes Xp22.31, 1.562Mb, duplication moderate bilateral Isolated ventriculomegaly 99 101 10 no yes 16p13.13-p13.12, 1.262Mb, duplication mild bilateral Pyelectasis 107 103 Abbreviations: FGR, fetal growth restriction; MDI, mental developmental index; PDI, psychomotor developmental index. Table.3 Intrauterine ventriculomegaly characteristics by Chinese revision of Bayley Scales of Infant Development Characteristics MDI PDI ≤ 85 (n=20) > 85 (n=110) P value OR (95% CI) ≤ 85 (n=23) > 85 (n=107) P value OR (95% CI) GA at diagnosis, wk 29.1 ± 4.8 27.4 ± 4.3 0.132 1.0 (0.9-1.2) 27.9 ± 4.3 27.6 ± 4.5 0.775 1.0 (0.8-1.1) Etiologies Isolated ventriculomegaly (%) 4 (7) 57 (93) 0.013 0.2 (0.1-0.7) 6 (10) 55 (90) 0.027 0.3 (0.1-0.9) Non-isolated ventriculomegaly (%) 16 (23) 53 (77) 1.2 (1.0-1.4) 17 (25) 52 (75) 1.2 (1.0-1.4) Structural anomalies (%) 15 (26) 43 (74) 0.005 1.3 (1.1-1.5) 15 (26) 43 (74) 0.022 1.2 (1.0-1.4) Genetic disorder (%) 1 (10) 9 (90) 0.543 1.0 (0.8-1.3) 2 (20) 8 (80) 0.313 1.1 (0.8-1.6) Fetal infection (%) 0 (0) 1 (100) 0.935 0.9 (0.9-1.0) 0 (0) 1 (100) 0.741 0.9 (0.8-1.0) Laterality of VM Bilateral (%) 10 (50) 41 (37) 0.284 1.7 (0.6-4.4) 10 (43) 41 (38) 0.646 1.2 (0.5-3.1) Unilateral 10 (50) 69 (63) 13 (57) 66 (62) Left (%) 9 (45) 53 (48) 0.471 1.8 (0.8-1.1) 11 (48) 51 (48) 0.989 1.0 (0.9-1.2) Right (%) 1 (5) 16 (15) 0.268 0.8 (0.7-1.0) 2 (9) 15 (14) 0.492 0.6 (0.1-2.8) Degree of VM Mild (%) 6 (30) 62 (56) 0.030 0.3 (0.1-0.9) 9 (39) 59 (55) 0.163 0.5 (0.2-1.3) Moderate (%) 10 (50) 43 (39) 0.361 1.6 (0.6-4.1) 9 (39) 44 (41) 0.860 1.0 (0.9-1.2) Severe (%) 4 (20) 5 (5) 0.031 3.4 (1.4-7.9) 5 (22) 4 (4) 0.009 3.7 (1.8-7.7) Evolution of VM Resolution (%) 2 (10) 31 (28) 0.100 0.3 (0.1-1.3) 2 (9) 31 (29) 0.062 0.2 (0.1-1.1) Progression (%) 5 (25) 12 (11) 0.086 2.7 (0.8-8.8) 7 (30) 10 (9) 0.006 4.2 (1.4-12.8) Highest atrial diameter, mm 12.7 ± 1.5 11.9 ± 1.6 0.055 1.2 (0.9-1.6) 13.2 ± 1.6 11.8 ± 1.5 0.002 1.7 (1.1-2.6) Abbreviations: MDI, Mental developmental index; PDI, Psychomotor developmental index; GA, Gestational age; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. Note: Boldface type indicates P<0.05. Table.4 Risk of Bayley scale outcomes associated with Anomalies in different fetal organ systems Variable Group No. (%) OR (95% CI) P-value Central nervous system Total MDI ≤ 85 12 (60) 4.19 (1.56-11.28) 0.003 MDI > 85 29 (26) PDI ≤ 85 14 (61) 4.61 (1.79-11.85) 0.001 PDI > 85 27 (25) Mega cisterna magna MDI ≤ 85 4 (20) 5.25 (1.27-21.63) 0.043 MDI > 85 5 (5) PDI ≤ 85 6 (26) 12.24 (2.79-53.63) 0.001 PDI > 85 3 (3) IVH MDI ≤ 85 1 (5) 1.4 (0.15-13.17) 0.572 MDI > 85 4 (4) PDI ≤ 85 2 (9) 3.3 (0.52-20.99) 0.462 PDI > 85 3 (3) ACC MDI ≤ 85 5 (25) 11.89 (2.57-54.90) 0.001 MDI > 85 3 (3) PDI ≤ 85 5 (22) 9.63 (2.11-43.87) 0.003 PDI > 85 3 (3) Parenchyma lesion MDI ≤ 85 2 (10) 12.11 (1.04-140.59) 0.062 MDI > 85 1 (1) PDI ≤ 85 2 (9) 10.10 (0.88-116.48) 0.081 PDI > 85 1 (1) PVPC MDI ≤ 85 4 (20) 3.68 (0.97-14.00) 0.114 MDI > 85 7 (6) PDI ≤ 85 5 (22) 4.68 (1.29-16.96) 0.012 PDI > 85 6 (6) Choroid plexus cyst MDI ≤ 85 1 (5) 1.88 (0.19-19.01) 0.492 MDI > 85 3 (3) PDI ≤ 85 1 (4) 1.58 (0.16-15.87) 0.546 PDI > 85 3 (3) Other malformations MDI ≤ 85 2 (10) 1.42 (0.28-7.22) 1.000 MDI > 85 8 (7) PDI ≤ 85 4 (17) 3.54 (0.91-13.76) 0.135 PDI > 85 6 (6) Urogenital system Total MDI ≤ 85 5 (25) 7.00 (1.81-27.07) 0.002 MDI > 85 5 (5) PDI ≤ 85 4 (17) 3.54 (0.91-13.76) 0.135 PDI > 85 6 (6) Dilation of renal pelvis MDI ≤ 85 3 (15) 3.71 (0.81-16.95) 0.199 MDI > 85 5 (5) PDI ≤ 85 2 (9) 1.60 (0.30-8.50) 0.936 PDI > 85 6 (6) Kidney lesion MDI ≤ 85 2 (10) 0.90 (0.78-1.04) 0.023 MDI > 85 0 (0) PDI ≤ 85 2 (9) 0.91 (0.81-1.04) 0.030 PDI > 85 0 (0) Other malformations MDI ≤ 85 1 (5) 0.95 (0.86-1.05) 0.154 MDI > 85 0 (0) PDI ≤ 85 0 (0) 1.01 (0.99-1.03) 1.000 PDI > 85 1 (1) Heart and chest Total MDI ≤ 85 3 (15) 3.06 (0.69-13.41) 0.285 MDI > 85 6 (5) PDI ≤ 85 3 (13) 2.53 (0.58-10.94) 0.411 PDI > 85 6 (6) Echogenic intracardiac focus MDI ≤ 85 1 (5) 0.912 (0.10-8.01) 1.000 MDI > 85 6 (5) PDI ≤ 85 1 (4) 0.77 (0.09-6.68) 1.000 PDI > 85 6 (6) Other malformations MDI ≤ 85 2 (10) 0.90 (0.78-1.04) 0.023 MDI > 85 0 (0) PDI ≤ 85 2 (9) 0.91 (0.81-1.04) 0.030 PDI > 85 0 (0) Spine and extremities Total MDI ≤ 85 2 (10) 6.01 (0.79-45.34) 0.213 MDI > 85 2 (2) PDI ≤ 85 2 (9) 5.00 (0.67-37.51) 0.292 PDI > 85 2 (2) Gastrointestinal tract Total MDI ≤ 85 2 (10) 3.96 (0.62-25.40) 0.356 MDI > 85 3 (3) PDI ≤ 85 3 (13) 7.88 (1.24-50.18) 0.053 PDI > 85 2 (2) Amniotic fluid, umbilical cord, and placenta Total MDI ≤ 85 2 (10) 1.42 (0.28-7.22) 1.000 MDI > 85 8 (7) PDI ≤ 85 1 (4) 0.50 (0.06-4.11) 1.000 PDI > 85 9 (8) Abbreviations: IVH, intraventricular hemorrhages; ACC, agenesis of corpus callosum; PVPC, periventricular pseudocyst; MDI, mental developmental index; PDI, psychomotor developmental index; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. Note: Boldface type indicates P 85 0.57 ± 0.43 PDI ≤ 85 0.57 ± 0.47 1.08 (0.84-1.39) 0.925 PDI > 85 0.58 ± 0.42 zHC MDI ≤ 85 0.84 ± 1.18 0.96 (0.88-1.04) 0.967 MDI > 85 0.85 ± 1.17 PDI ≤ 85 0.72 ± 1.22 0.95 (0.86-1.04) 0.566 PDI > 85 0.88 ± 1.16 zAC MDI ≤ 85 -0.33 ± 1.43 0.95 (0.90-1.00) 0.172 MDI > 85 0.26 ± 1.79 PDI ≤ 85 -0.01 ± 1.29 0.99 (0.94-1.03) 0.602 PDI > 85 0.20 ± 1.83 zFL MDI ≤ 85 -0.02 ± 0.23 0.95 (0.73-1.23) 0.679 MDI > 85 0.01 ± 0.23 PDI ≤ 85 0.01 ± 0.30 1.14 (0.88-1.48) 0.849 PDI > 85 0.01 ± 0.21 Cisterna Magna, mm MDI ≤ 85 8.37 ± 2.54 1.23 (0.93-1.64) 0.036 MDI > 85 7.20 ± 2.19 PDI ≤ 85 8.50 ± 2.41 1.36 (1.01-1.83) 0.009 PDI > 85 7.14 ± 2.18 AFI, cm MDI ≤ 85 13.89 ± 3.44 1.02 (0.88-1.18) 0.867 MDI > 85 14.11 ± 4.70 PDI ≤ 85 14.30 ± 4.48 1.06 (0.92-1.22) 0.821 PDI > 85 14.03 ± 4.57 Abbreviations: HC, head circumference; BPD, biparietal diameter; AC, abdominal circumference; FL, femur length; AFI, amniotic fluid index; MDI, mental developmental index; PDI, psychomotor developmental index; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. Note: Boldface type indicates P<0.05. Additional Declarations There is NO conflict of interest to disclose. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3234522","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":225000621,"identity":"21fa95c7-a317-4472-b7a4-a5561679a593","order_by":0,"name":"Xinlin Hou","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA1klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACZgbGAwkMDEDEfICxgUEugRgtDFAtbAlALcZEaAGCAwxgLTwGxGkxOM574MDDHQx5/BI53x7ObDPIY2A/fHQDPi2SzXwJBxLPMBRLzsjdbrixzaCYgSct7QY+LfzMPAYHEtsYEjfcyN0m+bDtT2KDBI8ZXi1sCC05z4BaDAhrQbIlh01yIzFaJJvBWiQSZ/Y8Mzeccc4gsY2QXwzOnzF8+LPNJrGfPfnZw54yAyDj8DG8WqBAAuwvBgRJJCBJ8SgYBaNgFIwgAACj/E0BB5QrBwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Peking University First Hospital","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xinlin","middleName":"","lastName":"Hou","suffix":""},{"id":225000622,"identity":"4da92cba-04d6-4c6d-9348-bbcf89102984","order_by":1,"name":"Faliang 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Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Guoyu","middleName":"","lastName":"Sun","suffix":""},{"id":225000626,"identity":"7d2a3896-71bd-4628-99c2-628f6cbee65e","order_by":5,"name":"Junya Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Peking University First Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Junya","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":225000627,"identity":"84e6abc3-196f-48d2-8458-98b3a585097d","order_by":6,"name":"Yan Lin","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yan","middleName":"","lastName":"Lin","suffix":""},{"id":225000628,"identity":"0421bf72-3105-438c-bee7-4e6ed448c9b0","order_by":7,"name":"Lili Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lili","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-08-04 11:21:19","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3234522/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3234522/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":41551648,"identity":"a28845ff-8e51-420b-b342-85cc91151a67","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-08-14 18:16:33","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1769725,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eFlow diagram of study participants\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3234522/v1/dcc44324e60105ac8ecc095b.png"},{"id":41551647,"identity":"a303f8d7-d03b-46f2-ad3d-448e2c574705","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-08-14 18:16:33","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1556662,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eOutcome of fetal ventriculomegaly with CNS and/or non-CNS structural anomalies\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3234522/v1/77e1c4394bfdf57d4c776d0f.png"},{"id":41551649,"identity":"88dd6f2d-0186-4ddb-9a0a-0afab8af2a07","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-08-14 18:16:33","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1199498,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eOutcome of fetal ventriculomegaly with different fetal anomalies\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3234522/v1/59f6a5fc2b51d1ffd4b4e9fc.png"},{"id":42656408,"identity":"88b7ec3b-8874-476f-b1f4-b6e1d179f95f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-09-05 16:24:52","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":844183,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3234522/v1/63c7f8ab-efa1-45c3-af4e-80bc14a5c52a.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e conflict of interest to disclose.","formattedTitle":"Clinical Characteristics and Prediction of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes for Infants with Ventriculomegaly in Utero: A Prospective Observational Study","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eFetal ventriculomegaly (VM) is a relatively common sonographic sign referring to a dilation of the atrial lateral ventricular diameter of greater than 10 mm, with a reported incidence ranging from 0.3\u0026permil; to 2.0\u0026permil;[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]. Depending on the atrial diameter, VM can be classified as mild (\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;10mm, \u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;12mm), moderate (\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;12mm, \u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;15mm), and severe (\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;15mm)[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e], and its severity is associated with a higher risk of and neurodevelopmental disabilities and neuropsychiatric disorders[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVentriculomegaly may result from various underlying abnormalities, such as central nervous system (CNS) structural anomalies, genetic abnormalities, and congenital infections. The prognosis for fetal ventriculomegaly varies, ranging from normal outcomes to severe neurodevelopmental impairment. The width of the ventricle, coexisting anomalies, and intrauterine progression are factors that affect the prognosis[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. When VM is isolated, meaning it has no associated anomalies with normal karyotype and infection screening result, its severity and the size of the ventricles are linked to a higher risk of poor outcome[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]. In addition, previous literature has identified the presence of associated anomalies is the main determinant of neurodevelopmental outcomes[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. According to most studies, the presence of other structural CNS and/or non-CNS anomalies significantly increases the risk of a poor neurodevelopmental outcome when VM is present[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e]. Nevertheless, the study that were included failed to establish a connection between the poor neurodevelopmental outcome and particular CNS or non-CNS anatomical abnormalities. Besides, they used various methods to evaluate neurodevelopment.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis prospective study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of fetuses having VM and coexisting CNS or non-CNS structural abnormalities while also recognizing the predictors for detrimental neurodevelopmental outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials and methods","content":"\u003cp\u003e This study was approved by the Ethics Committee at Peking University First Hospital. Analyses were based on longitudinal data collected in an ongoing prospective study performed at the Obstetric and Pediatric Department of Peking University First Hospital. Informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians to participate in the study.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eParticipants enrollment and antenatal management\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIf an ultrasound scan showed fetal ventriculomegaly, defined as a ventricular size greater than 10 mm, the gestational age was recorded during intrauterine monitoring. Additional ultrasound scans were performed every 2\u0026ndash;4 weeks until delivery to detect changes in ventricular size and other abnormalities. Ultrasound measurements were carefully performed by professional obstetric sonographers according to the guidelines of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics \u0026amp; Gynecology. Progressive VM was defined as an increase in the atrial diameter of the ventricles of at least 3 mm during serial ultrasound monitoring in utero[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePregnant women were referred for MRI if an ultrasound scan showed fetal VM. All patients were recommended for invasive prenatal diagnostic testing for fetal genetic abnormalities and congenital infection screening. Inclusion criteria included a diagnosis of fetal VM and consent to participate in the study. Patients were excluded if they did not consent or had not completed a thorough evaluation, including serial ultrasound and fetal MRI, amniocentesis for karyotype and chromosomal microarray analysis, and a TORCH (toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and parvovirus B19) testing.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eFetal ultrasound data\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eUltrasound data on fetuses was collected by experienced obstetric sonographers during the second and third trimesters, in the prenatal ultrasound units in our center. The collected data included fetal anomalies and biometric measurements. Structural anomalies in both CNS and non-CNS regions were observed. These include anomalies in the heart, chest, gastrointestinal tract, urogenital system, spine, limbs, and umbilical cord. In addition to measuring the lateral ventricle width, biometric measures such as head circumference (HC), biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (FL), cisterna magna size, and amniotic fluid index (AFI) were recorded. Gestational age (GA) for each fetus was calculated from the last menstrual period in the study. The fetal biometric measurements (HC, BPD, AC, FL) were converted to the gestation age-matched standardized Z-scores[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e] using the most widely accepted Hadlock approach[\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR15\" citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePostnatal follow-up and prognosis analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e Parents were contacted and invited to participate in postnatal follow-up evaluations, including physical examination, neurodevelopmental assessment, and cranial ultrasound scans (performed within 7 days, at 42 days, and at 3, 6, and 9 months after birth). Ventricular width was measured by ultrasound at the central-posterior horn layer of the ventricle in the coronal section through the anterior fontanel. This index was similar to the atrial diameter of the ventricles in utero. Brain MRI and electroencephalogram or other related tests were performed if the patient was diagnosed with epilepsy, developmental delay, or other structural abnormalities on cranial ultrasound. The neurodevelopmental scale was assessed at 6, 12, and 18 months of age. During the neurodevelopmental assessment, a psychologist blinded to VM status assessed the infant's general cognitive and motor skills using the Chinese revision of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-CR).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe BSID-CR is widely used in China and has been modified from the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-Second Edition with adequate reliability and validity[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e]. There are two indices in the BSID-CR: the Mental Development Index (MDI) was scored based on 163 items (mean score 100, standard deviation 15), and the Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) was scored based on 81 items (mean score 100, standard deviation 15). A higher index indicates a better neurodevelopmental status[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e]. A cut-off score of 85 was used to differentiate between normal and delayed functioning[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eStatistical analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAll statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics version 26.0 and GraphPad Prism version 8.0.2. Continuous variables with normal distribution are presented as mean\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;SD. Continuous variables with skewed distribution are presented as median (interquartile range). A two-sided t-test was used to assess the differences between continuous variables. Categorical variables are presented as frequencies (percentages) and were compared using Pearson\u0026rsquo;s chi-squared or Fisher\u0026rsquo;s exact test. Non-parametric tests were used to analyse grade data. The Mann-Whitney test was used for two independent samples. Differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between the isolated VM group and each of the non-isolated VM groups (VM with structural abnormalities, genetic disorder, and fetal infection) were assessed using univariate statistics. The association between ventriculomegaly characteristics and Chinese revision of Bayley Scales of Infant Development score (MDI and PDI) was assessed using univariate statistics. Logistic regression models were used to assess the independent association of each fetal structural abnormality or measurement with PDI/MDI scores. A two-sided test significance level of 0.05 was used throughout the study.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003eBetween 1 November 2017 and 1 January 2021, 846 cases of VM in utero were diagnosed at our center out of a total of 18,219 pregnancies. Ultimately, 167 cases gave consent and underwent a thorough VM evaluation, including serial ultrasound and fetal MRI, amniocentesis for karyotype and chromosomal microarray analysis, and testing for congenital fetal infections (shown in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). 23 fetuses were excluded for stillbirth or induced abortion, including 19 singletons who were stillborn or aborted due to: (1) severe prenatal structural cerebral anomaly (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;12; 7 cases of agenesis of corpus callosum, 2 cases of cortical dysplasia, 1 case of fetal hydrocephalus, lissencephaly, and grey matter heterotopia respectively); (2) multiple structural extracerebral malformations (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4; 2 cases of congenital heart disease and cleft lip and palate respectively); (3) prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidy (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;3; 2 of trisomy 21 syndrome and 1 of 45, X mosaicism). 4 monochorionic twins were stillborn or aborted, 3 due to twin-twin transfusion syndrome and 1 because of selective intrauterine growth restriction. In addition, 14 infants were excluded due to loss to follow-up at the time of data collection.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eDemographic and clinical characteristics\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eOf the 130 cases in this study, 47% had isolated VM (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;61) and 53% had non-isolated VM (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;69). In the non-isolated VM group, there were 58 cases with structural anomalies (no diagnosed genetic disorders, 27 cases with CNS anomalies, 22 cases with non-CNS anomalies, and 9 cases with both CNS and non-CNS anomalies), 10 cases with genetic disorders (details in Table\u0026nbsp;2), and only one case with congenital infection (cytomegalovirus infection). No significant differences were found between the isolated VM group and non-isolated VM groups with regard to pregnancy details and neonatal characteristics (Table\u0026nbsp;1).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition, the VM characteristics of the different VM groups are shown in Table\u0026nbsp;1. Non-isolated VM groups had a higher rate of bilateral (52% vs. 25%), severe (12% vs. 2%), and progressive (16% vs. 10%) features when compared to the isolated VM group, especially VM with structural abnormalities. Of note, VM with both CNS and non-CNS anomalies were more likely to be severe (33% vs. 2%; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.006) and progressive (44% vs. 10%; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.024) compared to the isolated VM group.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eKaryotyping and chromosomal array results analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eKaryotyping revealed chromosomal abnormalities in 3 (2.3%) patients and all 3 cases had autosomal structural abnormalities (Table\u0026nbsp;2). All pregnant women in this study consented to perform the chromosomal microarray analysis, 8 (6.2%) cases had abnormal results and further details are shown in Table\u0026nbsp;2. Of these, 2 cases were mild VM (1 of which was IVM), 5 cases were moderate VM (1 of which was IVM), and 1 case was severe VM. In combination with the clinical features, no pathogenic copy number variations were identified using the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man Database (OMIM), Pubmed, and Decipher Database. There were 5 cases of gene copy number polymorphism variation and 3 cases of maternal or paternal gene copy number variation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003ePrediction of neurodevelopmental outcomes\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAll 130 cases were evaluated using BSID-CR at the 18-month follow-up (Table\u0026nbsp;3). Out of the total, 20 patients (15.4%) had a low MDI, and 23 patients (17.7%) had a low PDI. No significant differences in gestational age at diagnosis and laterality were noted between the normal and delayed groups. However, NIVM (MDI: OR 1.2; 95%CI, 1.0-1.4; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.013; PDI: OR 1.2; 95%CI, 1.0-1.4; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.027) and severe VM (MDI: OR 3.4; 95%CI, 1.4\u0026ndash;7.9; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.031; PDI: OR 3.7; 95%CI, 1.8\u0026ndash;7.7; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.009) had a significant association with high odds of low MDI and PDI scores. Mild VM was linked with reduced odds of low MDI scores (OR 0.3; 95%CI, 0.1\u0026ndash;0.9; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.03). Progressive VM was associated with higher odds of low PDI score (OR 4.2; 95%CI, 1.4\u0026ndash;12.8; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.006).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eVM fetuses with structural anomalies\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e and Table\u0026nbsp;4 illustrate the differences found in VM fetuses with structural anomalies. In comparison to developmentally-normal groups, delayed groups had a higher prevalence of fetal structural anomalies (MDI: 75% vs 39%; PDI: 65% vs 40%). In addition, delayed cases had a higher frequency of multiple anatomic anomalies than normal groups (MDI: 25% vs. 5%, OR 5.78, 95%CI 1.57\u0026ndash;21.30, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.004; PDI: 26% vs 5%, OR 7.20, 95%CI 1.98\u0026ndash;26.24, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.001) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e). Compared with developmentally-normal groups, structural anomalies observed more in delayed groups included CNS anomalies (MDI: 60% vs. 26%; PDI: 61% vs. 25%), followed by anomalies of the urogenital system (MDI: 25% vs. 5%; PDI: 17% vs. 6%), heart and chest (MDI: 15% vs. 6%; PDI: 13% vs. 6%), gastrointestinal tract (MDI: 10% vs. 3%; PDI: 13% vs. 2%), spine and limbs (MDI: 10% vs. 2%; PDI: 9% vs. 2%) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). Of note, individuals with CNS anomalies had significantly higher odds of low MDI scores (OR 4.19, 95%CI 1.56\u0026ndash;11.28) and PDI scores (OR 4.61, 95%CI 1.79\u0026ndash;11.85), particularly in those with mega cisterna magna (MDI: OR 5.25, 95%CI 1.27\u0026ndash;21.63, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.043; PDI: OR 12.24, 95%CI 2.79\u0026ndash;53.63, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.001) and those with agenesis of corpus callosum (MDI: OR 11.89, 95%CI 2.57\u0026ndash;54.90, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.001; PDI: OR 9.63, 95%CI 2.11\u0026ndash;43.87; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.003). Out of the 9 identified cases with VM and mega cisterna magna, 4 cases had low MDI and 6 cases had low PDI. Two of these cases exhibited concurrent agenesis of corpus callosum, and both had low MDI and PDI scores. In another case, bilateral renal pelvis dilation, right duplicate kidney and echogenic intracardiac focus were observed along with low MDI and PDI scores. Anomalies in the urogenital system were linked to higher odds of low MDI scores (OR 7.00, 95%CI 1.81\u0026ndash;27.07), while anomalies in the gastrointestinal tract were associated with elevated odds of a low PDI score (OR 7.88, 95%CI 1.24\u0026ndash;50.18) (Table\u0026nbsp;4).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiometric measurements are presented in Table\u0026nbsp;5. Delayed cases showed a statistically significant increase in cisterna magna size compared with developmentally-normal groups in both the MDI (8.37\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.54mm vs. 7.20\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.19mm, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.036) and PDI (8.50\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.41 vs. 7.14\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.18, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.009) groups. No significant differences were found in BPD, HC, AC, FL, and AFL measurements between the delayed fetuses and control groups.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eVentriculomegaly (VM) is a commonly detected prenatal ultrasound finding that can indicate various pathologic processes or be a normal variation. Depending on its etiology, severity, and progression, VM can lead to a range of neurodevelopmental outcomes, from normal to delayed, as indicated in sources [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e]. In this study, we provided a comprehensive analysis of the etiologies and prognostic factors associated with VM, and identified that non-isolated VM cases exhibited a higher incidence of bilateral, severe, and progressive characteristics compared to isolated VM cases. The fetal VM prognosis is impacted by the degree of ventricle dilatation, progression, and any accompanying structural anomalies, with particular consideration for CNS anomalies and multiple anomalies (fetal VM with both CNS and non-CNS anomalies).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVentriculomegaly refers to the enlargement of ventricles that is not caused by an obstructive cause, unlike hydrocephalus that is caused by increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure as a result of obstruction[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. VM can be associated with genetic, structural, and fetal TORCH infectious disorders, with outcomes varying from normal to severely impaired. In VM fetuses, around 5% of cases of mild to moderate VM cases were reported to be caused by congenital infections, and 5% had an abnormal karyotype. Additionally, 10\u0026ndash;15% showed abnormal findings in chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA)[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. CNS anomalies were observed in 50\u0026ndash;85% cases of severe VM[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. This study demonstrated that non-isolated VM cases had a higher prevalence of bilateral (52% vs. 25%), severe (12% vs. 2%), and progressive (16% vs. 10%) characteristics when compared with isolated VM.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is widely accepted that infants VM, who have accompanying CNS anomalies, or those who have severe or progressive VM, have worse outcomes compared to those with mild isolated VM or VM that resolved spontaneously[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e]. When VM accompany CNS or non-CNS malformations, the likelihood of neurodevelopmental delay increases from 9\u0026ndash;36% in isolated cases to 84%[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e]. Our data, in line with most studies[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR5\" citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e], demonstrates that fetuses with neurodevelopmental delay often have structural anomalies in the central nervous system, urogenital system, heart, gastrointestinal tract, and spine. Multiple anomalies and CNS structural anomalies, such as mega cisterna magna and agenesis of corpus callosum, were found to be associated with a higher risk of developmental delay. Early studies have generally considered mega cisterna magna as a harmless abnormality[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e]. However, Dror et al.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e] reported that children with an enlarged cisterna magna might be at risk of mild developmental delay, particularly for non-isolated cases, after conducting the Gesell Developmental Schedules and the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale tests on 29 children with a large cisterna magna found in utero and 35 normal controls. Furthermore, respectively, urogenital system and gastrointestinal tract anomalies were associated with higher odds of low MDI and PDI scores.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to recent research on genetic testing of karyotype and chromosomal microarray (CMA), invasive examinations should be considered for all women with VM in utero, irrespective of age, due to the higher rate of genetic aberrations, additional anomalies, and poor prognoses[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e]. As mentioned previously, we have observed a lower incidence of abnormal karyotype and CMA results compared to prior studies. Our study observed that infants with or without genetic variants categorised as \u0026ldquo;variants of uncertain significance\u0026rdquo; had similar outcomes on measures of BSID-CR during short-term follow-up. Although our sample is insufficient to draw a final conclusion, our data suggest that, unlike chromosomal abnormalities, the unclear pathogenic genetic disorder of ventriculomegaly fetuses does not predict the risk of poor outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt has been reported that progressive and severe lateral ventricular dilatation was correlated with worse neurodevelopmental outcomes, but the reported impact on different aspects of neurologic functions is inconsistent[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e]. Regarding progression, multiple reviews and studies have reported that intrauterine progression of VM is only associated with motor impairment[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e]. Our findings are consistent this concept. As for the severity of VM, severe VM (atrial width above 15mm) is considered the primary factor that affects pregnancy outcomes and it is generally associated with a poor neurodevelopmental outcome[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]. Our study also confirms this. However, some literature suggests that the severity of VM is not consistently or directly associated with outcomes[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e]. Additional population-based studies with objective protocols for prenatal diagnosis and postnatal neurodevelopmental evaluation are required to clarify these issues.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur study has certain limitations. The first limitation is the early endpoint of the neurodevelopmental follow-up. A comprehensive evaluation requires considering the progressive trajectories and extended follow-up of the neurodevelopmental outcomes. Secondly, some parents perceived their children as relatively normal and, as a result, did not participate in further postnatal follow-up. Lastly, due to the absence of an evaluation of the caregiving quality of the family environment, the study has another limitation. Early intervention may have a more significant effect on maximizing the developmental potential of infants with developmental issues[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e], making this assessment crucial.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eNon-isolated VM is more likely than isolated VM to manifest bilaterally, severely, and progressively. Severe and progressive VM, along with VM displaying multiple structural anomalies in both the CNS and non-CNS, are risk factors for poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Consequently, there is a need for additional prospective studies on this subject, using defined protocols in evaluating prenatal screening and infant follow-up, with the application of formal neurological and developmental assessments until the children reach school age.\u003c/p\u003e "},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e The authors would like to thank the patients and all clinicians who provided data in our center.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStatement of Ethics\u003c/strong\u003e This work was carried out in accordance with the World Medical Association\u0026rsquo;s Helsinki Declaration. Ethics approval for this study was granted by the Medical Ethics Committee of Peking University First Hospital. Informed consents of participants were obtained from their parents or guardians in this study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflict of Interest Statement\u003c/strong\u003e The authors declare that they have no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding Sources\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThis study was funded by\u0026nbsp;National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (2022CR68), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFC2700700), Capital\u0026rsquo;s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (2022-3-40715), Beijing Natural Science Foundation-Haidian Original Innovation Joint Fund (2022L222016), Young Scientists Fund of the NSFC (82101806), and Beijing Municipal Science \u0026amp; Technology Commission (Z211100002921050).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor Contributions\u003c/strong\u003e Faliang Zhou is responsible for analyzing the data and writing the manuscript. Xinlin Hou and Lili Liu conceived this study and were in charge of the follow-up from antenatal to postnatal. Junya Chen, Chen Li and Yan Lin are responsible for collecting and Follow-up, as well as being coordinators for parents and doctors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Availability Statement\u003c/strong\u003e All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in the submission. The raw data are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.\u003c/p\u003e\n"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePatel SK, Zamorano-Fernandez J, Nagaraj U, Bierbrauer KS, Mangano FT. Not all ventriculomegaly is created equal: diagnostic overview of fetal, neonatal and pediatric ventriculomegaly. \u003cem\u003eChilds Nerv Syst\u003c/em\u003e. 2020;\u003cstrong\u003e36\u003c/strong\u003e:1681-96 doi: 10.1007/s00381-019-04384-w.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSociety for Maternal-Fetal M, Norton ME, Fox NS, Monteagudo A, Kuller JA, Craigo S. Fetal Ventriculomegaly. \u003cem\u003eAm J Obstet Gynecol\u003c/em\u003e. 2020;\u003cstrong\u003e223\u003c/strong\u003e:B30-B3 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.182.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eD\u0026apos;Antonio F, Zafeiriou DI. Fetal ventriculomegaly: What we have and what is still missing. \u003cem\u003eEur J Paediatr Neurol\u003c/em\u003e. 2018;\u003cstrong\u003e22\u003c/strong\u003e:898-9 doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2018.11.005.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKumar M, Garg N, Hasija A\u003cem\u003e, et al.\u003c/em\u003e Two-year postnatal outcome of 263 cases of fetal ventriculomegaly. \u003cem\u003eJ Matern Fetal Neonatal Med\u003c/em\u003e. 2020;\u003cstrong\u003e33\u003c/strong\u003e:1492-8 doi: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1520830.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChang Q, Peng Y, Huang Q\u003cem\u003e, et al.\u003c/em\u003e Prognosis of fetuses with ventriculomegaly: An observational retrospective study. \u003cem\u003ePrenat Diagn\u003c/em\u003e. 2019;\u003cstrong\u003e39\u003c/strong\u003e:901-9 doi: 10.1002/pd.5503.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMirsky DM, Stence NV, Powers AM, Dingman AL, Neuberger I. Imaging of fetal ventriculomegaly. \u003cem\u003ePediatr Radiol\u003c/em\u003e. 2020;\u003cstrong\u003e50\u003c/strong\u003e:1948-58 doi: 10.1007/s00247-020-04880-1.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGriffiths PD, Reeves MJ, Morris JE\u003cem\u003e, et al.\u003c/em\u003e A prospective study of fetuses with isolated ventriculomegaly investigated by antenatal sonography and in utero MR imaging. \u003cem\u003eAJNR Am J Neuroradiol\u003c/em\u003e. 2010;\u003cstrong\u003e31\u003c/strong\u003e:106-11 doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1767.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGuo D, He D, Shen Q\u003cem\u003e, et al.\u003c/em\u003e Comprehensive Assessment of Fetal Bilateral Ventriculomegaly Based on Genetic Disorders, Cytomegalovirus Infection, Extra Prenatal Imaging and Pregnancy Outcomes in a Tertiary Referral Center. \u003cem\u003eInt J Gen Med\u003c/em\u003e. 2021;\u003cstrong\u003e14\u003c/strong\u003e:7719-28 doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S335011.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTugcu AU, Gulumser C, Ecevit A\u003cem\u003e, et al.\u003c/em\u003e Prenatal evaluation and postnatal early outcomes of fetal ventriculomegaly. \u003cem\u003eEur J Paediatr Neurol\u003c/em\u003e. 2014;\u003cstrong\u003e18\u003c/strong\u003e:736-40 doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2014.07.002.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBeeghly M, Ware J, Soul J\u003cem\u003e, et al.\u003c/em\u003e Neurodevelopmental outcome of fetuses referred for ventriculomegaly. \u003cem\u003eUltrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology\u003c/em\u003e. 2010;\u003cstrong\u003e35\u003c/strong\u003e:405-16 doi: 10.1002/uog.7554.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWinkler A, Tolle S, Natalucci G, Plecko B, Wisser J. Prognostic Features and Long-Term Outcome in Patients with Isolated Fetal Ventriculomegaly. \u003cem\u003eFetal Diagn Ther\u003c/em\u003e. 2018;\u003cstrong\u003e44\u003c/strong\u003e:210-20 doi: 10.1159/000480500.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOuahba J, Luton D, Vuillard E\u003cem\u003e, et al.\u003c/em\u003e Prenatal isolated mild ventriculomegaly: outcome in 167 cases. \u003cem\u003eBJOG\u003c/em\u003e. 2006;\u003cstrong\u003e113\u003c/strong\u003e:1072-9 doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.01050.x.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegev O, Hadar A, Meiri G\u003cem\u003e, et al.\u003c/em\u003e Association between ultrasonography foetal anomalies and autism spectrum disorder. \u003cem\u003eBrain\u003c/em\u003e. 2022; doi: 10.1093/brain/awac008.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHadlock FP, Deter RL, Harrist RB, Park SK. Fetal biparietal diameter: a critical re-evaluation of the relation to menstrual age by means of real-time ultrasound. \u003cem\u003eJ Ultrasound Med\u003c/em\u003e. 1982;\u003cstrong\u003e1\u003c/strong\u003e:97-104 doi: 10.7863/jum.1982.1.3.97.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHadlock FP, Deter RL, Harrist RB, Park SK. Fetal head circumference: relation to menstrual age. \u003cem\u003eAJR Am J Roentgenol\u003c/em\u003e. 1982;\u003cstrong\u003e138\u003c/strong\u003e:649-53 doi: 10.2214/ajr.138.4.649.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHadlock FP, Deter RL, Harrist RB, Park SK. Estimating fetal age: computer-assisted analysis of multiple fetal growth parameters. \u003cem\u003eRadiology\u003c/em\u003e. 1984;\u003cstrong\u003e152\u003c/strong\u003e:497-501 doi: 10.1148/radiology.152.2.6739822.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYi X, Luo, X., Yang, Z.,. The revising of the bayley scales of infant development (bsid) in China. \u003cem\u003eChin J Clin Psychol\u003c/em\u003e. 1993;\u003cstrong\u003e1\u003c/strong\u003e:71\u0026ndash;5.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHuang H, Tao, S., Zhang, Y., . Standardization of bayley scales of infant development in shanghai. \u003cem\u003eChin J Child Health\u003c/em\u003e. 1993;\u003cstrong\u003e1\u003c/strong\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVergani P, Locatelli A, Strobelt N\u003cem\u003e, et al.\u003c/em\u003e Clinical outcome of mild fetal ventriculomegaly. \u003cem\u003eAmerican Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology\u003c/em\u003e. 1998;\u003cstrong\u003e178\u003c/strong\u003e:218-22 doi: 10.1016/s0002-9378(98)80003-3.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGaglioti P, Danelon D, Bontempo S, Mombro M, Cardaropoli S, Todros T. Fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly: outcome in 176 cases. \u003cem\u003eUltrasound Obstet Gynecol\u003c/em\u003e. 2005;\u003cstrong\u003e25\u003c/strong\u003e:372-7 doi: 10.1002/uog.1857.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLee CS, Hong SH, Wang KC\u003cem\u003e, et al.\u003c/em\u003e Fetal ventriculomegaly: prognosis in cases in which prenatal neurosurgical consultation was sought. \u003cem\u003eJ Neurosurg\u003c/em\u003e. 2006;\u003cstrong\u003e105\u003c/strong\u003e:265-70 doi: 10.3171/ped.2006.105.4.265.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eD\u0026apos;Addario V, Pinto V, Di Cagno L, Pintucci A. Sonographic diagnosis of fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly: an update. \u003cem\u003eJ Matern Fetal Neonatal Med\u003c/em\u003e. 2007;\u003cstrong\u003e20\u003c/strong\u003e:7-14 doi: 10.1080/14767050601036188.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChu N, Zhang Y, Yan Y, Ren Y, Wang L, Zhang B. Fetal ventriculomegaly: Pregnancy outcomes and follow-ups in ten years. \u003cem\u003eBiosci Trends\u003c/em\u003e. 2016;\u003cstrong\u003e10\u003c/strong\u003e:125-32 doi: 10.5582/bst.2016.01046.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHaimovici JA, Doubilet PM, Benson CB, Frates MC. Clinical significance of isolated enlargement of the cisterna magna (\u0026gt; 10 mm) on prenatal sonography. \u003cem\u003eJ Ultrasound Med\u003c/em\u003e. 1997;\u003cstrong\u003e16\u003c/strong\u003e:731-4; quiz 5-6 doi: 10.7863/jum.1997.16.11.731.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZimmer EZ, Lowenstein L, Bronshtein M, Goldsher D, Aharon-Peretz J. Clinical significance of isolated mega cisterna magna. \u003cem\u003eArch Gynecol Obstet\u003c/em\u003e. 2007;\u003cstrong\u003e276\u003c/strong\u003e:487-90 doi: 10.1007/s00404-007-0369-6.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDror R, Malinger G, Ben-Sira L, Lev D, Pick CG, Lerman-Sagie T. Developmental outcome of children with enlargement of the cisterna magna identified in utero. \u003cem\u003eJ Child Neurol\u003c/em\u003e. 2009;\u003cstrong\u003e24\u003c/strong\u003e:1486-92 doi: 10.1177/0883073808331358.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLok WY, Kong CW, Hui SYA\u003cem\u003e, et al.\u003c/em\u003e Chromosomal abnormalities and neurological outcomes in fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly: a retrospective cohort analysis. \u003cem\u003eHong Kong Med J\u003c/em\u003e. 2021;\u003cstrong\u003e27\u003c/strong\u003e:428-36 doi: 10.12809/hkmj208850.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMelchiorre K, Bhide A, Gika AD, Pilu G, Papageorghiou AT. Counseling in isolated mild fetal ventriculomegaly. \u003cem\u003eUltrasound Obstet Gynecol\u003c/em\u003e. 2009;\u003cstrong\u003e34\u003c/strong\u003e:212-24 doi: 10.1002/uog.7307.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHarbourne RT. Conclusions and implications for early intervention. \u003cem\u003eAdv Child Dev Behav\u003c/em\u003e. 2021;\u003cstrong\u003e60\u003c/strong\u003e:317-27 doi: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2020.10.001.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable.1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eSociodemographic and clinical characteristics for infants included in this study\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"797\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.820577164366373%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristics\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.79422835633626%\" rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.037641154328734%\" rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIsolated VM\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(n=61)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"38.519447929736515%\" colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVM with structural anomalies\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.292346298619824%\" rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVM with genetic disorder\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(n=10)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.535759096612296%\" rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVM with fetal infection\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(n=1)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"32.6797385620915%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.647058823529413%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal (n=58)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.55773420479303%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCNS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;(n=27)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.55773420479303%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNon-CNS (n=22)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.55773420479303%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBoth\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e(n=9)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.820577164366373%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePregnancy Details\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"81.17942283563363%\" colspan=\"8\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMother\u0026rsquo;s age, y\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31.7 \u0026plusmn; 3.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31.9 \u0026plusmn; 4.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33.2 \u0026plusmn; 3.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31.5 \u0026plusmn; 4.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.4 \u0026plusmn; 4.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33.6 \u0026plusmn; 3.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.680\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.078\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.820\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.109\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.129\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.479\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePregnancy number\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedian (IQR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (1-4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (1-4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (1-4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (1-4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (1-3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (1-4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCesarean delivery\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32 (52)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27 (47)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (44)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (44)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.519\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.488\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.843\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.927\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.885\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGestational age, wk\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.3 \u0026plusmn; 1.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.3 \u0026plusmn; 1.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.4 \u0026plusmn; 1.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.4 \u0026plusmn; 1.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.0 \u0026plusmn; 0.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.4 \u0026plusmn; 1.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.810\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.647\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.733\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.519\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.076\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.011\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBirth weight, kg\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.50 \u0026plusmn; 0.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.49 \u0026plusmn; 0.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.60 \u0026plusmn; 0.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.47 \u0026plusmn; 0.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.25 \u0026plusmn; 0.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.34 \u0026plusmn; 0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.819\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.485\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.751\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.141\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.353\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.134\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHead circumference, cm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.6 \u0026plusmn; 1.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.5 \u0026plusmn; 1.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.8 \u0026plusmn; 1.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.3 \u0026plusmn; 1.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.5 \u0026plusmn; 0.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.2 \u0026plusmn; 1.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.842\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.672\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.356\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.822\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.340\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.923\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSex (male)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34 (56)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41 (71)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19 (70)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17 (77)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (56)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (70)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.091\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.196\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.075\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.616\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.452\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1-min low Apgar score\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(\u0026lt;7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLow cord PH (\u0026lt;7.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.653\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.820577164366373%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVM Details\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"81.17942283563363%\" colspan=\"8\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGA at diagnosis, wk\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.0 \u0026plusmn; 4.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.3 \u0026plusmn; 4.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.7 \u0026plusmn; 5.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.1 \u0026plusmn; 3.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.9 \u0026plusmn; 5.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.0 \u0026plusmn; 4.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.396\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.750\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.084\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.622\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.509\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.186\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15 (25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29 (50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16 (59)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8 (36)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (56)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (60)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (100)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.004\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.002\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.290\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.055\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.057\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.258\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36 (59)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23 (40)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (33)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (45)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (44)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (30)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.035\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.026\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.273\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.643\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.172\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.419\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (16)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (18)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.334\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.364\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.227\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.963\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHighest AD, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.0 \u0026plusmn; 1.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.1 \u0026plusmn; 2.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.4 \u0026plusmn; 2.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.3 \u0026plusmn; 0.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.9 \u0026plusmn; 2.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.5 \u0026plusmn; 1.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePa\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.759\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.393\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.010\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.015\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.231\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.005\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMild\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34 (56)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30 (52)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15 (56)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (54)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (33)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (40)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eModerate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26 (43)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22 (38)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (33)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (45)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (33)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSevere\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (11)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (33)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (100)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.049\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.084\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.006\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.264\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.032\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResolution\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (23)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17 (29)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (22)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (41)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (22)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (20)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.429\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.940\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.107\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProgression\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8 (14)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (15)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (44)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (20)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (100)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.773466833541928%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.764705882352942%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.012515644555695%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.137672090112641%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.503\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.753\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.147\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.024\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.264080100125156%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.687\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.51188986232791%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.113\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Abbreviations: VM, Ventriculomegaly; IVM, Isolated Ventriculomegaly; CNS, central nervous system; GA, gestational age; AD, atrial diameter; SD, standard deviation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: Boldface type indicates \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.05. All subgroups of non-isolated VM were compared with the isolated group. \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable.2\u003c/strong\u003e Characteristics of cases with abnormal karyotypes and chromosomal microarray results\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"931\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.951560818083961%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCase\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.934337997847148%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAbnormal\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ekaryotype\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.503767491926803%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAbnormal microarray\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChromosomal abnormality\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.208826695371368%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVentricular dilation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAssociated structural anomalies\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.656620021528525%\" colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e18 months\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBayley score\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"54.54545454545455%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMDI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"45.45454545454545%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePDI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.951560818083961%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.934337997847148%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eyes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.503767491926803%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eyes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46, XY, t (8;12) (q22;q21) pat, father Xp22.31, 1.68Mb, duplication, father\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.208826695371368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emoderate bilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChoroid plexus cyst\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.8127018299246505%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.843918191603875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.951560818083961%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.934337997847148%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.503767491926803%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eno\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46, XX, t (11;22) (q25;13) pat, father\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.208826695371368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emild unilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIsolated ventriculomegaly\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.8127018299246505%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e109\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.843918191603875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.951560818083961%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.934337997847148%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.503767491926803%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eno\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46, XY, inv (9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.208826695371368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emild unilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIsolated ventriculomegaly\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.8127018299246505%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e109\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.843918191603875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e118\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.951560818083961%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.934337997847148%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eno\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.503767491926803%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eyes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7q35, 0.427Mb, duplication, mother\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.208826695371368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emild unilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIsolated ventriculomegaly\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.8127018299246505%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e131\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.843918191603875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e143\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.951560818083961%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.934337997847148%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eno\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.503767491926803%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eyes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14q11.2, 0.3Mb, deletion\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.208826695371368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emoderate bilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight pyelectasis, FGR, arachnoid cyst\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.8127018299246505%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.843918191603875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.951560818083961%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.934337997847148%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eno\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.503767491926803%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eyes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13q21.31, 0.126Mb, duplication\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.208826695371368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emoderate bilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeriventricular pseudocyst\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.8127018299246505%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e105\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.843918191603875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.951560818083961%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.934337997847148%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eno\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.503767491926803%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eyes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15q11.1-q11.2, 3.190Mb, deletion, mother\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.208826695371368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emoderate unilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThird ventricle widened\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.8127018299246505%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e107\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.843918191603875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.951560818083961%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.934337997847148%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eno\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.503767491926803%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eyes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9p21.1, 0.134Mb, duplication\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12q14.2, 0.193Mb, duplication\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.208826695371368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003esevere bilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHyperechogenicity within left dorsal thalamus, agenesis of corpus callosum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.8127018299246505%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.843918191603875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.951560818083961%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.934337997847148%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eno\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.503767491926803%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eyes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eXp22.31, 1.562Mb, duplication\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.208826695371368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emoderate bilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIsolated ventriculomegaly\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.8127018299246505%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.843918191603875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e101\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.951560818083961%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.934337997847148%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eno\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"8.503767491926803%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eyes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16p13.13-p13.12, 1.262Mb, duplication\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.208826695371368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emild bilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"26.372443487621098%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePyelectasis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"5.8127018299246505%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e107\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"4.843918191603875%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e103\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbbreviations: FGR, fetal growth restriction; MDI, mental developmental index; PDI, psychomotor developmental index.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable.3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eIntrauterine ventriculomegaly characteristics by Chinese revision of Bayley Scales of Infant Development\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"931\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.30827067669173%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCharacteristics\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"37.59398496240601%\" colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMDI\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.0408163265306123%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"37.056928034371644%\" colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePDI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.183730715287517%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026le; 85 (n=20)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.32398316970547%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026gt; 85 (n=110)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.994389901823282%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003evalue\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.586255259467041%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR (95% CI)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.664796633941094%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.921458625525947%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026le; 85 (n=23)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"13.183730715287517%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026gt; 85 (n=107)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"7.994389901823282%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003evalue\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.147265077138849%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR (95% CI)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGA at diagnosis, wk\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.1\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 4.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.4\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 4.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.132\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0 (0.9-1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.9\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 4.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.6\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 4.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.775\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0 (0.8-1.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEtiologies\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIsolated ventriculomegaly (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57 (93)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.013\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.2 (0.1-0.7)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55 (90)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.027\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.3 (0.1-0.9)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNon-isolated ventriculomegaly (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16 (23)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53 (77)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.2 (1.0-1.4)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17 (25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52 (75)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.2 (1.0-1.4)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStructural anomalies (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15 (26)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43 (74)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.005\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.3 (1.1-1.5)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15 (26)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43 (74)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.022\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.2 (1.0-1.4)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGenetic disorder (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (90)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.543\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0 (0.8-1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (20)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8 (80)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.313\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.1 (0.8-1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFetal infection (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (100)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.935\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.9 (0.9-1.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (100)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.741\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.9 (0.8-1.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLaterality of VM\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBilateral (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41 (37)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.284\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.7 (0.6-4.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (43)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41 (38)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.646\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.2 (0.5-3.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnilateral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69 (63)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13 (57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66 (62)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLeft (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (45)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53 (48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.471\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.8 (0.8-1.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51 (48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.989\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0 (0.9-1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRight (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16 (15)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.268\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8 (0.7-1.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15 (14)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.492\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6 (0.1-2.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDegree of VM\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMild (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (30)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62 (56)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.030\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.3 (0.1-0.9)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59 (55)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.163\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5 (0.2-1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eModerate (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43 (39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.361\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.6 (0.6-4.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44 (41)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.860\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0 (0.9-1.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSevere (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (20)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.031\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.4 (1.4-7.9)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (22)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.009\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.7 (1.8-7.7)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEvolution of VM\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResolution (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31 (28)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3 (0.1-1.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31 (29)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.062\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2 (0.1-1.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Progression (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (11)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.086\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.7 (0.8-8.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (30)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.006\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4.2 (1.4-12.8)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.333333333333332%\" valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHighest atrial diameter, mm\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 1.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.21505376344086%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.9\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 1.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.055\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.182795698924732%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.2 (0.9-1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"2.043010752688172%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"9.13978494623656%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.2\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 1.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"10.10752688172043%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 1.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"6.129032258064516%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.002\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.612903225806452%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.7 (1.1-2.6)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbbreviations: MDI, Mental developmental index; PDI, Psychomotor developmental index; GA, Gestational age; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: Boldface type indicates P\u0026lt;0.05.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable.4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eRisk of Bayley scale outcomes associated with Anomalies in different fetal organ systems\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"566\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"36.57243816254417%\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVariable\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.017667844522968%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGroup\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo. (%)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"25.08833922261484%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR (95% CI)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eP-value\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.491166077738516%\" rowspan=\"32\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCentral nervous system\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.081272084805654%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.017667844522968%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (60)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"25.08833922261484%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4.19 (1.56-11.28)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.003\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29 (26)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (61)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4.61 (1.79-11.85)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27 (25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.126338329764454%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMega cisterna magna\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.201284796573876%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (20)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.406852248394003%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5.25 (1.27-21.63)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.043\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (26)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e12.24 (2.79-53.63)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.126338329764454%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIVH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.201284796573876%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.406852248394003%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.4 (0.15-13.17)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.572\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.3 (0.52-20.99)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.462\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.126338329764454%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eACC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.201284796573876%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.406852248394003%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e11.89 (2.57-54.90)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (22)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e9.63 (2.11-43.87)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.003\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.126338329764454%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eParenchyma lesion\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.201284796573876%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.406852248394003%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e12.11 (1.04-140.59)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.062\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.10 (0.88-116.48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.081\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.126338329764454%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePVPC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.201284796573876%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (20)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.406852248394003%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.68 (0.97-14.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.114\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (22)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4.68 (1.29-16.96)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.012\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.126338329764454%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChoroid plexus cyst\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.201284796573876%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.406852248394003%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.88 (0.19-19.01)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.492\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.58 (0.16-15.87)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.546\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.126338329764454%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOther malformations\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.201284796573876%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.406852248394003%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.42 (0.28-7.22)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8 (7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (17)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.54 (0.91-13.76)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.135\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.491166077738516%\" rowspan=\"16\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUrogenital system\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.081272084805654%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.017667844522968%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"25.08833922261484%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e7.00 (1.81-27.07)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.002\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (17)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.54 (0.91-13.76)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.135\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.126338329764454%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDilation of renal pelvis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.201284796573876%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (15)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.406852248394003%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.71 (0.81-16.95)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.199\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.60 (0.30-8.50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.936\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.126338329764454%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKidney lesion\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.201284796573876%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.406852248394003%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.90 (0.78-1.04)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.023\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91 (0.81-1.04)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.030\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.126338329764454%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOther malformations\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.201284796573876%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.406852248394003%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.95 (0.86-1.05)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.154\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.01 (0.99-1.03)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.491166077738516%\" rowspan=\"12\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHeart and chest\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.081272084805654%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.017667844522968%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (15)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"25.08833922261484%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.06 (0.69-13.41)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.285\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (13)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.53 (0.58-10.94)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.411\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.126338329764454%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEchogenic intracardiac \u0026nbsp;focus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.201284796573876%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.406852248394003%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.912 (0.10-8.01)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.77 (0.09-6.68)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.126338329764454%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOther malformations\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.201284796573876%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.406852248394003%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.90 (0.78-1.04)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.132762312633833%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.023\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91 (0.81-1.04)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.030\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.491166077738516%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpine and extremities\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.081272084805654%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.017667844522968%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"25.08833922261484%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.01 (0.79-45.34)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.213\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00 (0.67-37.51)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.292\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.491166077738516%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGastrointestinal tract\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.081272084805654%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.017667844522968%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"25.08833922261484%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.96 (0.62-25.40)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.356\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (13)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e7.88 (1.24-50.18)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.053\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"17.491166077738516%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAmniotic\u0026nbsp;fluid, umbilical\u0026nbsp;cord, and placenta\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"19.081272084805654%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.017667844522968%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"25.08833922261484%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.42 (0.28-7.22)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.66077738515901%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8 (7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.676880222841227%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"39.55431754874652%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.50 (0.06-4.11)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.384401114206128%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.29139072847682%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.70860927152318%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbbreviations: IVH, intraventricular hemorrhages; ACC, agenesis of corpus callosum; PVPC, periventricular pseudocyst; MDI, mental developmental index; PDI, psychomotor developmental index; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: Boldface type indicates P\u0026lt;0.05.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable.5\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eRisk of Bayley scale outcomes associated with fetal measures\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"509\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.00392927308448%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBiometry\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.664047151277014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGroup\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"24.165029469548134%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMean\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSD\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.20039292730845%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR (95% CI)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.966601178781925%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eP-value\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.00392927308448%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ezBPD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.664047151277014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"24.165029469548134%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.65\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 0.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.20039292730845%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.23 (0.94-1.60)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.966601178781925%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.438\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.57798165137615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.42201834862385%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.57\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 0.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.929471032745592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.9823677581864%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.57\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 0.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.463476070528966%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.08 (0.84-1.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.624685138539043%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.925\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.57798165137615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.42201834862385%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 0.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.00392927308448%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ezHC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.664047151277014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"24.165029469548134%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.84\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 1.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.20039292730845%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.96 (0.88-1.04)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.966601178781925%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.967\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.57798165137615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.42201834862385%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.85\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 1.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.929471032745592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.9823677581864%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.72\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 1.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.463476070528966%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.95 (0.86-1.04)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.624685138539043%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.566\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.57798165137615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.42201834862385%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 1.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.00392927308448%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ezAC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.664047151277014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"24.165029469548134%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.33\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 1.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.20039292730845%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.95 (0.90-1.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.966601178781925%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.172\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.57798165137615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.42201834862385%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.26\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 1.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n 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85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"24.165029469548134%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.02\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.20039292730845%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.95 (0.73-1.23)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.966601178781925%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.679\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.57798165137615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.42201834862385%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.929471032745592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.9823677581864%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 0.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.463476070528966%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.14 (0.88-1.48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.624685138539043%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.849\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.57798165137615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.42201834862385%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 0.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.00392927308448%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCisterna Magna, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.664047151277014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"24.165029469548134%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.37\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 2.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.20039292730845%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.23 (0.93-1.64)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.966601178781925%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.036\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.57798165137615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.42201834862385%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.20\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 2.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.929471032745592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.9823677581864%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.50\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 2.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.463476070528966%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.36 (1.01-1.83)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.624685138539043%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.009\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.57798165137615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.42201834862385%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.14\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 2.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.00392927308448%\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAFI, cm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.664047151277014%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"24.165029469548134%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.89\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 3.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.20039292730845%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.02 (0.88-1.18)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"12.966601178781925%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.867\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.57798165137615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.42201834862385%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.11\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 4.70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"23.929471032745592%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026le; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"30.9823677581864%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.30\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 4.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"28.463476070528966%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.06 (0.92-1.22)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.624685138539043%\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.821\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"43.57798165137615%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDI \u0026gt; 85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"56.42201834862385%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.03\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 4.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAbbreviations: HC, head circumference; BPD, biparietal diameter; AC, abdominal circumference; FL, femur length; AFI, amniotic fluid index; MDI, mental developmental index; PDI, psychomotor developmental index; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNote: Boldface type indicates P\u0026lt;0.05.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Ventriculomegaly, Neurodevelopmental outcomes, Prediction, Fetal anomalies","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3234522/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3234522/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eOBJECTIVE\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo evaluate the clinical features and neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants diagnosed with fetal ventriculomegaly (VM).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eSTUDY DESIGN:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe collected data of fetuses with VM (November 2017-January 2021). Neurodevelopmental outcomes were evaluated using the Chinese version of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at 18 months. We analyzed the data using two-sided t-test, chi-square tests, and logistic regression.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eRESULTS\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmong the 167 VM fetuses, 130 completed a thorough evaluation and postnatal follow-up. Of 130 cases, 61 (47%) displayed isolated VM, while 69 (53%) had non-isolated VM. Neurodevelopmental outcomes differed between the isolated and non-isolated groups, the mild and severe groups, the progressive and non-progressive groups. Anomalies in the CNS, urogenital system, and gastrointestinal tract were associated with lower MDI or PDI scores.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eCONCLUSIONS\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003ePoor neurodevelopmental outcomes were observed in fetuses with severe or progressive VM or when accompanied by structural anomalies, particularly with cerebral, urogenital, and gastrointestinal anomalies.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Clinical Characteristics and Prediction of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes for Infants with Ventriculomegaly in Utero: A Prospective Observational Study","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2023-08-14 18:16:28","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3234522/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"d3e3a632-388b-4b44-b685-0cd6efd12a78","owner":[],"postedDate":"August 14th, 2023","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2023-09-05T16:16:44+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2023-08-14 18:16:28","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-3234522","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-3234522","identity":"rs-3234522","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"WrCJVZZCHTDjtuVLN7oU0","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}