Analytical Approach for a Double-Sided Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motor Featuring an Inner Armature Concerning Finite Permeability of Core

Analytical Approach for a Double-Sided Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motor Featuring an Inner Armature Concerning Finite Permeability of Core | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Analytical Approach for a Double-Sided Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motor Featuring an Inner Armature Concerning Finite Permeability of Core Ehsan Shirzad This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6742705/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This paper introduces an advanced two-dimensional analytical model for Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (AFPMMs) featuring an inner armature and a double-sided topology (AFPMIADSSM). The model employs the sub-domain method to accurately determine the magnetic flux density across all regions of the motor. For this purpose, the motor geometry is partitioned into ten sub-regions: first external (FE), first rotor (FR), first permanent magnet (FP), first air gap (FAG), first winding (FW), stator core (S), second winding (SW), second air gap (SAG), second permanent magnet (SP), and second external (SE). To formulate the flux density distribution, Maxwell’s equations are analytically solved within each sub-region, and continuity conditions are enforced at their interfaces. This process results in a set of closed-form expressions for the flux density, with unknown coefficients determined through the application of boundary conditions. Furthermore, the model investigates the impact of various magnetization patterns, including parallel, ideal Halbach, two-segment Halbach, and bar magnet configurations, on the flux distribution and field alignment. To assess the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed analytical framework, the results are benchmarked against numerical simulations carried out using the Finite Element Method (FEM), demonstrating strong agreement between analytical and numerical outcomes. Axial flux permanent magnet motor analytical modeling sub-domain method magnetic flux distribution finite element analysis (FEA) magnetization configurations interface boundary conditions double-sided structure coreless topology Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6742705","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":464624872,"identity":"850b6d34-db0c-4f01-b2e8-f3abfa6c9a1d","order_by":0,"name":"Ehsan Shirzad","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABCUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBAC+xkQOoENRPIw/JfjZ2Bgw6vFQAJVC7OxZAOxWhigWhI3HCCkRbr94ecChro8PunjDz+8YWBj3Hwj+dmDDxUM8vxiB7D7ReaMsfQMhsPFbHwJyZJzGHiYzW6kmRvOOMNgOHN2Ag6H5TBI8zAcSGwDEkCGBJvZjQQzad42hgSD27i0pD/+zcNQB9TC2AxkGPAYz0j/RkAL0EyQr9t4mNmAjAQJoL2EbMkxs+ZhOAzUwsZmOYfhgIHEmTdlkjPOSOD0i/2M9Me3QQ6b38P++MYbhgP1/e3p2yQ+VNjI80tj1wIGjP+QGQJglRK4lWMC/gOkqB4Fo2AUjIIRAACVP1G+CO4BBwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Tooran Institue of Higher Education at Damghan-Semnan","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ehsan","middleName":"","lastName":"Shirzad","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-05-25 08:53:04","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6742705/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6742705/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":84299278,"identity":"12a4701f-a7e0-4cef-91ed-a086e91cee61","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-06-10 10:13:28","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":548478,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"innerwinding2sidedaxialflux.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6742705/v1_covered_9a028d48-a0f9-4ac5-bb15-b9f7a4b24467.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Analytical Approach for a Double-Sided Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motor Featuring an Inner Armature Concerning Finite Permeability of Core","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Axial flux permanent magnet motor, analytical modeling, sub-domain method, magnetic flux distribution, finite element analysis (FEA), magnetization configurations, interface boundary conditions, double-sided structure, coreless topology","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6742705/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6742705/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis paper introduces an advanced two-dimensional analytical model for Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (AFPMMs) featuring an inner armature and a double-sided topology (AFPMIADSSM). 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