Nonlinear kinetics isotherms and thermodynamic approach in the carcinogenic ions elimination by Mn2.7Al0.3O4 sorbent

Nonlinear kinetics isotherms and thermodynamic approach in the carcinogenic ions elimination by Mn2.7Al0.3O4 sorbent | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Nonlinear kinetics isotherms and thermodynamic approach in the carcinogenic ions elimination by Mn 2.7 Al 0.3 O 4 sorbent Lakshminarayani R, Malathi Challa, Archna Nerula, Deepthi P R This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5482036/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 05 Dec, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Alundum was framed into hausmannite to acquire bimetallic nano Mn 2.7 Al 0.3 O 4 sorbent to explore the synergistic effect on the adsorption of carcinogenic ions. PXRD, FESEM-EDX, FTIR, and BET were used for the characterization of Mn 2.7 Al 0.3 O 4 . The diffractogram pattern disclosed that the tetragonal structure corresponds to JCPDS No 24–0734 with the platelet shape found in FESEM images. The BET studies of adsorbent exhibited Type-IV isotherm with H 3 loop having a mesoporous structure of 1.968 m 2 g − 1 surface area and 35.8 nm average pore diameter. The uptake mechanism of the carcinogenic ions on the Mn 2.7 Al 0.3 O 4 nano adsorbent surface pronounced that adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The adsorption capacity for Cd(II) ions was 174.6 mgg − 1 and 75.39 mgg − 1 for Pb(II) ions adsorption from the Langmuir and the Sips models, which were envisaged by R 2 , RSS, ARE, and Chi 2 of the statistical functions, also nearer to experimental results. The thermodynamic investigations announced that Cd (II) and Pb (II) ion adsorption is a spontaneous and exothermic process with a free energy change of -29.05 kJmol − 1 and − 25.8 kJmol − 1 , respectively. High adsorption capacity and easy recovery of adsorbent implicated to use for removal of carcinogenic ions in any aqueous stream. Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences Physical sciences/Chemistry Physical sciences/Engineering Physical sciences/Materials science Bimetallic Mn2.7Al0.3O4 adsorbent carcinogenic metal ions adsorption Nonlinear kinetic and isotherms thermodynamic studies Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 05 Dec, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 08 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 07 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 07 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 06 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 06 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 05 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 05 Apr, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 05 Apr, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 04 Apr, 2025 First submitted to journal 27 Mar, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5482036","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":439879682,"identity":"3f2beff8-afe7-4c57-85e7-d01395f1f952","order_by":0,"name":"Lakshminarayani R","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lakshminarayani","middleName":"","lastName":"R","suffix":""},{"id":439879683,"identity":"c85f36a4-e2a9-49ea-8bcd-bb0934dda0e9","order_by":1,"name":"Malathi Challa","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABBUlEQVRIie3PMWsCMRTA8ScFuwRcb1D6CQqBQhel/SAu7yhcljtw7OAQKegizoKDX0G/wZMHNx26CnVIl3ZxyFRaKGLOOhVytFuH/IcQQn7kBSAU+p/VCIAERG5joFMeaLdcVBoCPBEghKQkA/0bAmfCcH7GT65HbOjzY9dszJ4MYX/TvZrxyMBjO9YeclskcjXGVxHtckmYP2eLdewGK5SfEEoSyEJGboN1R4T7S23IfrJ5s6uvE1GW8LDO5uOSHCrINpX8/UoqKR5SpouS6Cqy73EzYRFt0x7Fk4ds4cgUc3XjH0wtX/Ydvm9M1dLY9zs32KWxtt9u+Ygn/Nv1UCgUCv3oCJ5EbjNeClZmAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Malathi","middleName":"","lastName":"Challa","suffix":""},{"id":439879684,"identity":"9a588119-f803-46ca-a68f-fe086dd16166","order_by":2,"name":"Archna Nerula","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Archna","middleName":"","lastName":"Nerula","suffix":""},{"id":439879685,"identity":"cd60c721-e86c-420e-883d-4f936ab12ccb","order_by":3,"name":"Deepthi P R","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Presidency University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Deepthi","middleName":"P","lastName":"R","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-11-19 09:23:15","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5482036/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5482036/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03840-9","type":"published","date":"2025-12-05T15:57:58+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":97724797,"identity":"05f35c05-5bee-4cf9-89b9-36997d5da18a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-08 16:13:34","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1238319,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"RevisedManuscript1.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5482036/v1_covered_65e6386f-7993-40b9-89d5-b641a95da507.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eNonlinear kinetics isotherms and thermodynamic approach in the carcinogenic ions elimination by Mn\u003csub\u003e2.7\u003c/sub\u003eAl\u003csub\u003e0.3\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e sorbent\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Bimetallic Mn2.7Al0.3O4 adsorbent, carcinogenic metal ions, adsorption, Nonlinear kinetic and isotherms, thermodynamic studies","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5482036/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5482036/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eAlundum was framed into hausmannite to acquire bimetallic nano Mn\u003csub\u003e2.7\u003c/sub\u003eAl\u003csub\u003e0.3\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e sorbent to explore the synergistic effect on the adsorption of carcinogenic ions. PXRD, FESEM-EDX, FTIR, and BET were used for the characterization of Mn\u003csub\u003e2.7\u003c/sub\u003eAl\u003csub\u003e0.3\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e. The diffractogram pattern disclosed that the tetragonal structure corresponds to JCPDS No 24\u0026ndash;0734 with the platelet shape found in FESEM images. The BET studies of adsorbent exhibited Type-IV isotherm with H\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e loop having a mesoporous structure of 1.968 m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003eg\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/sup\u003e surface area and 35.8 nm average pore diameter. The uptake mechanism of the carcinogenic ions on the Mn\u003csub\u003e2.7\u003c/sub\u003eAl\u003csub\u003e0.3\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e nano adsorbent surface pronounced that adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The adsorption capacity for Cd(II) ions was 174.6 mgg\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/sup\u003e and 75.39 mgg\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/sup\u003e for Pb(II) ions adsorption from the Langmuir and the Sips models, which were envisaged by R\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e, RSS, ARE, and Chi\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e of the statistical functions, also nearer to experimental results. The thermodynamic investigations announced that Cd (II) and Pb (II) ion adsorption is a spontaneous and exothermic process with a free energy change of -29.05 kJmol\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/sup\u003e and \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;25.8 kJmol\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/sup\u003e, respectively. High adsorption capacity and easy recovery of adsorbent implicated to use for removal of carcinogenic ions in any aqueous stream.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Nonlinear kinetics isotherms and thermodynamic approach in the carcinogenic ions elimination by Mn2.7Al0.3O4 sorbent","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-04-10 20:09:51","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5482036/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-04-08T05:38:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-04-08T02:11:48+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-04-07T05:53:52+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-04-06T11:24:26+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"176984799515315649115346816921673620799","date":"2025-04-06T11:02:24+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"132163184710225319523132632044450262906","date":"2025-04-06T03:32:17+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"217693926993890838555519339326113154115","date":"2025-04-05T19:52:46+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-04-05T07:03:39+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-04-04T14:08:50+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2025-03-27T06:16:05+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"79566790-a55c-440a-b5b8-eac9654b9b2e","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 10th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[{"id":46995676,"name":"Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences"},{"id":46995677,"name":"Physical sciences/Chemistry"},{"id":46995678,"name":"Physical sciences/Engineering"},{"id":46995679,"name":"Physical sciences/Materials science"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-12-08T16:11:38+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-5482036","link":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03840-9","journal":{"identity":"scientific-reports","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Scientific Reports"},"publishedOn":"2025-12-05 15:57:58","publishedOnDateReadable":"December 5th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-04-10 20:09:51","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1038/s41598-025-03840-9","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-03840-9","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-5482036","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5482036","identity":"rs-5482036","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}