Cosmology in the Linear PseudoPlane of the Act

It is proposed a new cosmological model that does not require dark energy although it presents characteristics and trends almost comparable to those of the standard model. It differs from the standard one by an "extra path factor" that comes from a central hypothesis and results in an additional distance due to the gravitational Radius. This additional distance causes the matter density parameter to no longer remain constant but to rise from 0.5 to 1 from the big-bang to the present. It is precisely this variation in the density of matter that gives rise to a non-zero pressure that drives the present acceleration phase of the universe's expansion. Remarkably, the halving of the density during nucleosynthesis solves the primordial lithium problem, although it introduces a deuterium problem. At last, the resulting model solves the Hubble tension and the $S_8$ tension and satisfies all the constraints deriving from the most recent accurate measurements of the BAO and the angular power spectrum of the CMB although it has one less parameter due to the absence of dark energy. The same hypothesis explains the rotating motion of galaxies on a small scale and produces consequences that are very comparable to those of the MOND theory. However, although the proposed model respects the same principles and same physics as the standard one, it is necessary to reinterpret it within the framework of the more original space of light, to be able to appreciate the naturalness of the hypothesis and its profound implications.