Quantitative Valuation of High-Performance Red Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes

Quantitative Valuation of High-Performance Red Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Quantitative Valuation of High-Performance Red Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes Wenjie Zhang, Ye Wang, Boping Yang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9290595/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 6 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Red perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation displays and lighting due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties. However, scaling lab-scale devices to large-area modules remains challenging, as efficiency and stability degrade significantly with increased active areas. This work introduces a quantitative framework based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to systematically evaluate the performance and scalability of red PeLEDs. By defining inputs and outputs, different DEA models are employed to assess 10 distinct perovskite compositions as decision-making units (DMUs). The results provide a detailed analysis between different DMUs’ efficiency values under different evaluation models and enable the adjustment of input indicators by projection values. This study integrates the fabrication cost of perovskite LEDs with DEA, conducting a comprehensive evaluation of DMUs, and proposes actionable optimization strategies to accelerate the commercialization of high-performance, large-area red PeLEDs. Red Perovskite LED Input and output Data envelopment analysis Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 15 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 09 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 07 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 02 Apr, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 02 Apr, 2026 First submitted to journal 01 Apr, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9290595","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":622915286,"identity":"c7547744-e8b3-449e-bb51-aa2b153f6fb1","order_by":0,"name":"Wenjie Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hubei University of Automotive Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wenjie","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":622915287,"identity":"7cb386ca-3da5-48c1-b2e7-5d96bcbcf3fd","order_by":1,"name":"Ye Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hubei University of Automotive","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ye","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":622915288,"identity":"4684e136-cad1-426f-8a44-665b27c2a923","order_by":2,"name":"Boping Yang","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA00lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACAwglISfP3tj48AMJWmyMDXsONxtLkKAlLbHhRnqbAA8xWsyleww/F/w6zNg482EbgwSDnZxuAwEtlnPOGEvP7DvMzC6d2PaggCHZ2OwAIYfdyDGQ5u05zMY4O7HdQILhQOI2IrQY/wZq4WG4ebBNgodILWbSPD/SJBhuMBKpxXLOsTJr3gYbA8OeRGAgGxDhF3Pp5s23ef5I1M9nP/7w4YcKOzmCWhgkOAwYGNvg7iSkHKyF/QEDwx9iVI6CUTAKRsGIBQA3rkTcb8YwPwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Hubei University of Automotive Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Boping","middleName":"","lastName":"Yang","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-04-01 10:44:44","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9290595/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9290595/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":107002170,"identity":"a45d7e90-b777-4be7-9e2f-fee9f2f13574","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-15 15:48:36","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":793906,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptRedPeLED.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9290595/v1_covered_610a3988-cacb-4725-98eb-29d7e8d08658.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Quantitative Valuation of High-Performance Red Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":false,"email":"","identity":"journal-of-materials-science-materials-in-engineering","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Engineering","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":false,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"VoR Journals","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Red Perovskite LED, Input and output, Data envelopment analysis","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9290595/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9290595/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eRed perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation displays and lighting due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties. 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