NeRF in NeRF: An Implicit Representation Watermark Algorithm for NeRF

NeRF in NeRF: An Implicit Representation Watermark Algorithm for NeRF | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article NeRF in NeRF: An Implicit Representation Watermark Algorithm for NeRF Lifeng Chen, Jia Liu, Wenquan Sun, Weina Dong, Fuqiang Di This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4294183/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 3 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The Neural Radiation Field (NeRF) has achieved significant results in the field of computer vision. However, training NeRF models requires a large amount of computing resources and training data. Once the model is stolen or abused by illegal users, it may cause huge losses to copyright owners. This article proposes a watermarking framework for copyright protection using Implicit Neural Representation (INR). After implicitly representing the watermark information, we embed the network representing the watermark information into the network of the NeRF model by designing a specific key. The copyright verifier extracts the watermark from the NeRF model using the key to prove the copyright of the NeRF model. To our knowledge, this is the first time INR has been introduced into the copyright protection of the NeRF model. The experimental results show that our method not only has high robustness and maintains good 3D reconstruction quality, but also achieves lossless (100%) extraction of watermark information, effectively protecting the copyright of the NeRF model. Neural radiation field Digital watermarking Robustness Neural Networks Copyright Protection Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editor assigned by journal 20 Apr, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 20 Apr, 2024 First submitted to journal 19 Apr, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4294183","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":293508003,"identity":"65c50592-bb4f-46ad-82fe-ecd8c25c8fa6","order_by":0,"name":"Lifeng Chen","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAz0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACeWbGhsN/eP7JyfM3HyBOi2F7c+MBHpkDxoYzjiUQac2Z480HeGwOJDYcyDEgTgfjDKBiiZw7iY0NZz7eeMNgJ6fbQEALuwRQi8GZZ8btzL2bLecwJBubHSDGlsQeZtnGhrPbpHkYDiRuI6SF4QZQy8F/wHA7kPOMSC1nDjYcbOA5rAjUwkacFsP2xobDDDxpoEA2tpxjQIRf5JnZH39m4LEBReXDG28q7OQIakEBEjxERg2yFlJ1jIJRMApGwYgAAJpATFcacZV6AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Chinese People's Armed Police Force Engineering University","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lifeng","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":293508004,"identity":"87f059a6-2552-4657-81f2-efcf5a506400","order_by":1,"name":"Jia Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Chinese People's Armed Police Force Engineering University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jia","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":293508005,"identity":"df71bc5c-e7c9-4c14-beef-673aa9ae332d","order_by":2,"name":"Wenquan Sun","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Chinese People's Armed Police Force Engineering University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wenquan","middleName":"","lastName":"Sun","suffix":""},{"id":293508006,"identity":"a6fee4f0-f2a6-4b06-b39f-a56fdc0aa669","order_by":3,"name":"Weina Dong","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Chinese People's Armed Police Force Engineering University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Weina","middleName":"","lastName":"Dong","suffix":""},{"id":293508007,"identity":"92198de3-9e0c-4ee9-bc3a-b4b7943db320","order_by":4,"name":"Fuqiang Di","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Chinese People's Armed Police Force Engineering University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fuqiang","middleName":"","lastName":"Di","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-04-19 15:54:25","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4294183/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4294183/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":55206965,"identity":"544f380d-7d54-4f64-b115-67f679b4123a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-24 04:50:57","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":4132387,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"NeRFinNeRF1.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4294183/v1_covered_26b2c265-025b-4348-b208-41eecda037c4.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"NeRF in NeRF: An Implicit Representation Watermark Algorithm for NeRF","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"the-visual-computer","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"tvcj","sideBox":"Learn more about [The Visual Computer](http://link.springer.com/journal/371)","snPcode":"371","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/371/3","title":"The Visual Computer","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Neural radiation field , Digital watermarking , Robustness , Neural Networks , Copyright Protection","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4294183/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4294183/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"The Neural Radiation Field (NeRF) has achieved significant results in the field of computer vision. 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