Pathophysiologie der Endometriose - eine noch immer offene Frage und ihre Auswirkungen auf Diagnostik und Therapie der Endometriose
The pathophysiology of endometriosis remains largely unexplained despite extensive research, with prevailing theories focusing on endometrial cell implantation via various routes, primarily retrograde menstruation.
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The paper reviews the pathophysiology of endometriosis, noting that despite many investigations the central aspects of its pathogenesis remain unresolved. It contrasts multiple, historically rooted mechanistic theories (e.g., Sampson’s retrograde menstruation/transplantation model versus peritoneal metaplasia or embryonic remnants) and argues that modern molecular methods have yielded only limited progress toward diagnostic and causal therapeutic advances, leaving primarily symptomatic hormone-based treatment options. The paper states that noninvasive diagnostic methods are not available, imaging improves adenomyosis diagnosis but pelvic peritoneal endometriosis still usually requires operative (typically laparoscopic) diagnosis, and that severity staging (revised AFS) does not correlate with patient symptoms. It also discusses how heterogeneous clinical manifestations (including adenomyosis) may represent either one disease with facets or different processes with similar phenotypes and concludes that identifying the “key” to endometriosis pathophysiology has not yet been achieved, relating directly to endometriosis by centering on its unresolved pathogenesis and the resulting limits in diagnosis and therapy.
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