Topological Insulator as an Efficient Catalyst for Oxidative Carbonylation of Amines

Topological Insulator as an Efficient Catalyst for Oxidative Carbonylation of Amines | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Physical Sciences - Article Topological Insulator as an Efficient Catalyst for Oxidative Carbonylation of Amines Hideo Hosono, Jiang Li, Jia-Zhen Wu, Sang-Won Park, Tian-Nan Ye, and 5 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1549297/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Topological materials have received much attention because of their intriguing nontrivial physical properties. Their robust topological surface states (TSSs) afford a stable electron bath that facilitates surface reactions, which has been successfully used to promote reactions on transition metals (TMs). As emergent heterogeneous catalysts, TSS-TMs have introduced new catalytic effects. However, the direct application of TSSs to catalysis has thus far remained elusive. In the present study, we show that Bi2Se3, one of the most representative topological insulators, functions as an excellent catalyst for the oxidative carbonylation of amines with CO and O2 to synthesize urea derivatives, showing superior activity compared with conventional TM-containing heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. For example, when Bi2Se3 nanoparticles were used as catalysts, the carbonylation of butylamine was completed in 4 h at 20 °C with a yield of 99%, whereas noble-metal-based catalysts do not function at such a low temperature. In addition, the turnover frequency (TOF) of Bi2Se3 (41 h−1) is five times greater than that for BiSe, which has a crystal structure similar to that of Bi2Se3 but with substantially weakened TSSs. Density functional theory calculations further reveal that the TSSs facilitate the activation of O2 through a triplet-to-singlet spin-conversion reaction, which is the key step for the generation of urea derivatives from amines. These findings indicate a new application area of topological insulators in heterogeneous catalysis. Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Introduction Topological materials have garnered attention because of their exotic surface states and physical properties. 1-3 Although they have been mostly investigated in the field of low-temperature physics, their application potential in catalysis is also attracting increasing interest. 4-7 The topological surface states (TSSs) of these materials not only provide a stable electron bath for chemical reactions but also impart the materials high robustness toward surface contamination, defects, and changes in morphology. 8 Topological materials have therefore been suggested to be suitable for activating small molecules (e.g., O 2 , H 2 O, and CO), hydrogenation reactions, and chiral syntheses and would be promising catalysts for future chemical science and technology. 5,6 For instance, topological materials have been investigated as catalysts for the oxygen reduction, oxygen evolution, and hydrogen evolution reactions via either electrical or photocatalytic processes. 9-13 However, thus far, only a few such catalysts have been explored, and most of them have been based on transition-metal-containing topological semimetals (e.g., NbAs, 10 Co 3 Sn 2 S 2 , 11 PtSn 4 , 12 and PtAl 13 ), in which the topological electronic states function only as promotors of transition metals by tuning the d -band centers. The direct catalytic effects of TSSs remain unexplored. Density function theory (DFT) calculations have predicted that the topological insulator substrate Bi 2 Se 3 will enhance the adsorption of CO and O 2 molecules on a supported Au film, facilitating their further oxidation. 5 In addition, Xiao et al. have demonstrated an enhancement of the adsorption energy of O 2 over various transition-metal-loaded Bi 2 Se 3 catalysts. 7 These results strongly indicate that TSSs (in Bi 2 Se 3 ) strongly affect the adsorption of CO and O 2 molecules, although transition metals still perform a primary role in the catalytic process. We speculated that TSS effects can be magnified and observed if suitable chemical reactions are applied. On the basis of this expectation, we here used Bi 2 Se 3 as a catalyst for reactions with CO and O 2 and successfully obtained urea derivatives via the oxidative carbonylation of amines. Urea and its derivatives are important N-containing carbonyl compounds and are widely used in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, resins, polymers, and petrochemicals. 14-18 Traditional syntheses of urea derivatives are based on the use of toxic phosgene or phosgene derivatives as a carbonyl source, making these processes environmentally benign processes. 15 Consequently, inexpensive and abundant CO 2 and CO have recently been used as alternative carbonyl sources for these reactions. The route from CO 2 and amines suffers from a relatively poor conversion rate (130 °C and 1–10 MPa). 19-21 The oxidative carbonylation of amines with CO and O 2 is more attractive. Many homogeneous catalysts that generate the target products in high yield have been investigated for this reaction. 22-27 For instance, Se is one of the most widely studied homogeneous catalysts that produce high yields of urea derivatives under mild reaction conditions. With the assistance of amine and CO, Se completely dissolves into the solution to form an (RNH 3 ) + [Se(CO)NHR] − structure and the urea derivative products are finally formed upon the introduction of O 2 . 28,29 However, the large drawback is the difficulty in separating the catalyst and product. Thus, various heterogeneous catalysts have been developed, 30-35 most of which contain a noble metal such as Au, 30 Rh, 31 or Pd. 33-35 New heterogeneous catalysts that are inexpensive and highly efficient are strongly demanded. In the present work, we report a typical topological insulator, Bi 2 Se 3 , that functions as a highly active and stable catalyst for the production of urea derivatives from amines, CO, and O 2 . Its superior catalytic performance is mainly attributed to two factors: 1) exposed Se and Bi active sites with electron-rich nontrivial surface states, which enhance the activation of O 2 and the overall reactions, and 2) robust lattice Se atoms (in Bi 2 Se 3 ), which suppress the dissolution of Se during the reaction. As a consequence, the Bi 2 Se 3 catalyst exhibits much higher efficiency for the carbonylation of butylamine than other Se-based catalysts. Kinetic analyses and DFT calculations further reveal the key role of the TSSs on Bi 2 Se 3 in the activation of O 2 molecules and in the associated reaction mechanisms. Results And Discussion Materials. To deduce the catalytic effects of TSSs, we prepared Bi 2 Se 3 and BiSe, which have similar crystal structures but notably different electronic structures. Their crystal structures are shown in Figure 1. Bi 2 Se 3 has a rhombohedral structure with three quintuple layers (QLs) in a unit cell. Each QL comprises five alternating Bi and Se layers in a sequence of Se–Bi–Se–Bi–Se. BiSe has a hexagonal structure with twelve atomic layers in a unit cell, where a Bi bilayer is sandwiched between two QLs of Bi 2 Se 3 . Van der Waals (vdW) contact only occurs between adjacent QLs; therefore, the naturally cleaved surface should be predominantly Se-terminated. Bi 2 Se 3 is a well-known topological insulator. TSSs appear not only at its Se-terminated 001 surface 2 but also at side surfaces such as those on the 015 plane. 36 By contrast, BiSe is known to be a two-dimensional metal 37 and has recently been reported to function as a weak topological insulator. 38 The TSSs of BiSe arise only on the side surface perpendicular to the 001 surface. We calculated the band structures of the 001 surfaces of Bi 2 Se 3 and BiSe thin films; the results are shown in Figure S1 and Figure S2, respectively. The spin–orbit coupling (SOC) effect is obvious for both materials, consistent with the results of previous studies. 38,39 Figures 1c–1e show powder XRD patterns of the prepared Bi 2 Se 3 and BiSe and the corresponding Rietveld analysis results. The obtained patterns for Bi 2 Se 3 (bulk and nanoparticles (NPs)) and BiSe were well refined using the standard Bi 2 Se 3 (PDF #00-033-0214) and BiSe (PDF #00-042-1045) structures, indicating high purity of the prepared samples. For both Bi 2 Se 3 and BiSe bulk samples, the (001) orientation is preferred because interlayer vdW interactions are weak, enabling easy cleavage during mechanical milling. As shown in Figure S3, surfaces other than the 001 surface are also observed; these contributions likely arise from the steps and edges of the cleaved 001 surface. For the Bi 2 Se 3 NPs, no preferred orientation is observed and the (015) peak is the most intense. The valence states of Se were examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement (Figure S4). The Se 3 d 5/2 peak positions for Bi 2 Se 3 and BiSe (53.1 eV and 53.3 eV, respectively) are similar, consistent with the similar surface structures of the two samples. This result indicates that the TSSs only weakly influence the charge states of the component elements. Because of their similar surface structure and similar Se valence state, Bi 2 Se 3 and BiSe are expected to exhibit similar catalytic performance. However, as described in the next section, their activities differ substantially, indicating the key influence of the TSS effect. Catalytic performance. Oxidative carbonylation of butylamine was chosen as the model reaction to investigate the effect of TSSs on a Bi 2 Se 3 catalyst. As shown in Figure 2a, the reaction was completed in 5 h at 40 °C for the Bi 2 Se 3 bulk catalyst and 1,3-dibutylurea (DBU) was detected as the sole product by gas chromatography (GC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy measurements. Moreover, the reaction proceeded only in the presence of Bi 2 Se 3 and no product was formed after the catalyst was removed during the reaction (Figure 2a, blue line). For comparison, BiSe, Bi, and other catalysts containing Se were also investigated for this reaction under the same reaction conditions. As shown in Table S1, the activity of BiSe was substantially lower (conversion of 20% and yield of 19%) than that of the Bi 2 Se 3 catalyst even though their surface areas were similar (1.0 and 0.9 m 2 g −1 for Bi 2 Se 3 and BiSe, respectively). Se(0.25wt%)/Al 2 O 3 , on which the Se loading amount was three times greater than the amount of Se exposed on the surface of Bi 2 Se 3 (Tables S2 and S3), showed a similar conversion and yield as the Bi 2 Se 3 , whereas Bi itself was inert for this reaction. However, for the Se(0.25wt%)/Al 2 O 3 catalyst, 26 μg of Se residue was detected in the solution after the reaction, whereas no such Se residue was detected for the Bi 2 Se 3 or BiSe catalyst (Table S1). For other Se-based samples, such as Sb 2 Se 3 , CuSe, and SeO 2 , Se was dissolved during the reaction even though DBU was produced (Table S1). For instance, although Sb 2 Se 3 showed good activity (70% conversion and 68% yield), both Sb and Se were dissolved, indicating that the catalyst was unstable. Accordingly, the Bi 2 Se 3 catalysts showed excellent activity and durability for the oxidative carbonylation of butylamine with CO and O 2 . The activity and durability of the Bi 2 Se 3 catalysts were not only greater than those of the Se-containing catalysts examined here but were also superior to those of previously reported transition-metal-based heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts (Table S4). Specifically, the formation of DBU from butylamine catalyzed by a Bi 2 Se 3 NP catalyst was completed in 4 h at 20 °C, whereas previously reported heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts typically required much higher temperatures (>60 °C) or much longer reaction times (>24 h) to obtain high product yields. To further understand the differences in activity among Se-based catalysts, we estimated the DBU formation rate and the corresponding turnover of frequency (TOF) by carrying out the oxidative carbonylation of butylamine at 20 °C. As shown in Figure 2b and Table S3, the DBU formation rate and TOF value for the Bi 2 Se 3 bulk catalyst were 0.37 mmol g −1 h −1 and 41.7 h −1 , respectively, which are 4–38 times higher than those of the other catalysts. Conventionally, the activity of a catalyst is determined by the exposed active sites on its surface; therefore, increasing the surface area can increase the activity proportionally. As shown in Figure S5, the DBU formation rate (in units of mmol g −1 h −1 ) increased almost linearly with increasing surface area. For instance, the DBU formation rate for Bi 2 Se 3 NPs was 8.30 mmol g −1 h −1 , which was 22 times higher than that of the bulk catalyst, whereas its TOF value (40.7 h −1 ) was almost identical to that of the bulk catalyst. The recyclability of catalysts is one of the most critical properties for their practical application. Here, recycling experiments for the Bi 2 Se 3 , BiSe, and Se/Al 2 O 3 catalysts were performed by separating the used catalysts from the reaction solution via centrifugation. The Bi 2 Se 3 catalyst could be reused at least 20 times without any obvious loss of catalytic activity, whereas the yields for the BiSe and Se/Al 2 O 3 catalysts decreased continuously (Figure 2c). ICP measurements (Table S5) showed that the Se residue was not observed in the solution after each cycle for the Bi 2 Se 3 and BiSe catalysts. However, more than 20 μg of Se was lost from the Se/Al 2 O 3 catalyst at each cycle, resulting in a drastic degradation of activity. No obvious changes were observed in the XRD patterns of the Bi 2 Se 3 and BiSe samples after the reaction (Figure 2d, Figure S6). In addition, the valence states of surface Se atoms before and after the reaction were examined via Se 3 d XPS measurements (Figure 2e). Two Se peaks that differ from that of zero-valent Se (55.1 eV) were observed in the spectrum of the Bi 2 Se 3 catalyst, and neither peak changed after 20 recycle measurements. These results demonstrate the robustness of the Bi 2 Se 3 catalyst surface during the reaction. The peak at 53.1 eV was assigned to the lattice Se of Bi 2 Se 3 with a negative charge. The peak at 58.8 eV was similar to that observed in the spectrum of SeO 2 . However, it was not related to the formation of SeO 2 via an oxidation process because, if SeO 2 had formed, it would have dissolved into the solution during the reaction (refer to the case of the SeO 2 catalyst in Table S1), whereas the observed Se 3 d signal was stable and Se was not observed in the solution. Therefore, we assigned this positive Se peak to Se bonded with activated oxygen species during the reaction. This assignment is supported by DFT calculations discussed in the following section. Accordingly, the good recyclability of Bi 2 Se 3 is ascribed to its robust TSSs, which are stable against surface contamination and oxidation. By comparison, the weak topological insulator BiSe exhibited lower activity and poor stability. These results can be explained by considering that the weak TSSs only appeared on the side surface perpendicular to the 001 surface and were not robust (i.e., they were easily broken by surface oxidation). To examine the wide applicability of the Bi 2 Se 3 catalysts for oxidative carbonylation, we tested various amines; the results are summarized in Table 1. Excellent conversions and yields were obtained from all the primary amines ( 1–4 ), the secondary amines ( 5–8 ), and the diamine ( 9 ) examined for both Bi 2 Se 3 bulk and NP catalysts. In general, secondary amines have a lower reaction rate than primary amines under the same reaction conditions, likely because of the steric effect. The Bi 2 Se 3 NP catalyst consistently showed a higher reaction rate than the bulk sample, and their reaction rates were proportional to the catalyst’s surface area; for instance, the formation rates divided by the catalyst surface area for the carbonylation of piperidine ( 6 ) were almost identical: 0.80 and 0.76 mmol m −2 h −1 for the bulk and NP catalysts, respectively (Table S6). However, the aromatic amines ( 10 and 11 ) did not react with CO and O 2 under the present reaction conditions in the presence of either the Bi 2 Se 3 bulk or NP catalyst. These results are consistent with previous reports indicating that not even a Au–Cu complex catalyst or Se metal can catalyze the oxidative carbonylation of aniline. 23,29 Table 1 . Oxidative carbonylation of various amines using Bi 2 Se 3 bulk and nanoparticle catalysts. Reaction conditions: 50 mg of bulk catalyst and 20 mg of NP catalyst; 1 mmol of amine in 2 mL of THF, 0.5 MPa of CO, and 0.5 MPa of O 2 . Reaction-order measurement. To further understand the differences in activity among the Bi 2 Se 3 , BiSe, and Se/Al 2 O 3 catalysts, we carried out reaction-order measurements (Figure 3). The butylamine reaction order ( α ) of Bi 2 Se 3 and BiSe was 0.38 and 0.32, respectively, which is much smaller than that of Se/Al 2 O 3 (1.01). This difference can be explained by considering that amine activation occurs on the surface of Bi 2 Se 3 and BiSe, whereas for the Se/Al 2 O 3 catalyst, the dissolved (BuNH 3 ) + [Se(CO)NHBu] − intermediate forms with the assistance of butylamine and CO. Large differences were observed in the CO reaction order ( β ) and O 2 reaction order ( γ ) for these catalysts: the values of β and γ for BiSe (0.50 and 0.62, respectively) and Se/Al 2 O 3 (0.37 and 0.56, respectively) were similar, whereas the values were −0.27 and 1.00 for Bi 2 Se 3 , respectively. These results suggest that the activation/reaction processes for CO and O 2 on the Bi 2 Se 3 surface differ from those on the surface of the other two catalysts, which is possibly attributable to two effects. (1) Bi 2 Se 3 strongly interacts with CO. With increasing CO concentration, the surface coverage of CO increases drastically and the adsorption of butylamine and O 2 is blocked, leading to a decrease in the reaction rate. (2) The O 2 activation is the rate-determining step (RDS). Because the solubility of CO in the THF solvent is lower than that of O 2 , the increase in the CO partial pressure decreases the O 2 concentration in the solution; consequently, the O 2 activation is suppressed and the reaction rate decreases. We next investigated the adsorption of CO and butylamine onto the Bi 2 Se 3 surface by diffuse-reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) to confirm whether these reagents were adsorbed onto the surface. The DRIFTS peak for adsorbed CO was usually located in the range 2000–2080 cm −1 . However, as shown in Figure S7a, only the peaks at 2170 and 2120 cm −1 , which are ascribed to the gaseous CO vibration, were observed upon the introduction of 500 Pa CO. These peaks disappeared completely after the chamber was evacuated. A similar result was obtained for the butylamine adsorption measurement (Figure S7b), where only a gas-phase amine signal was observed when 700 Pa butylamine was applied and disappeared after evacuation. These results suggest that the interaction between CO/butylamine and the Bi 2 Se 3 surface was very weak, ruling out effect (1) as the origin of the negative CO reaction order (i.e., CO and butylamine cannot be activated directly on the Bi 2 Se 3 surface). The O 2 activation on the Bi 2 Se 3 surface should be the first step in the oxidative carbonylation of amines. This O 2 activation process was confirmed by XPS measurements showing that surface Se was partially oxidized (Figure 2e). DFT calculations. Our experimental results show that the first step in the oxidative carboxylation of amines was the activation of O 2 on a Bi 2 Se 3 surface. To further understand this reaction process and the effects of the TSSs, we carried out DFT calculations for the 3QL Bi 2 Se 3 surface. We first investigated the O 2 activation on the 001 Se-terminated surface, where the initial/final spin state of O 2 /2O is triplet/singlet and SOC was switched ON. As shown in Figure S8, the dissociated oxygen stood on the top of Se with an adsorption energy of 0.77 eV and the dissociation barrier determined by a DFT nudged elastic band (NEB) calculation was as high as 1.77 eV. Such a high reaction barrier and the instability of dissociated oxygen suggested that the dissociation of O 2 on the Se-terminated 001 surface was almost impossible. Because the main contributor to the conduction bands near the Fermi level were Bi p orbitals (Figure S1) and the cleaved 001 surface was dominated by Se, the activation and combination of oxygen solely at the Se site would be difficult. A surface with exposed Bi and Se is desired for the O 2 dissociation process. XRD measurements (Figure S3) showed that the 015 and 1010 surfaces, which had exposed Bi and Se, were present on both Bi 2 Se 3 bulk and NP samples. We also calculated the cleavage energies for these surfaces (Figure S9) and found that the Se-terminated 001 surface has the lowest cleavage energy (<0.2 J m −2 ) and the 015 surface has the second-lowest cleavage energy (0.49 J m −2 with SOC ON). Therefore, we chose the 015 surface to investigate the O 2 activation process. To save computation time, we used the 3QL model by partially removing Bi and Se atoms (Figure S10); the stoichiometry of Bi 2 Se 3 was maintained. Notably, the 015 surface also has TSSs and its band structure has been reported. 36 As shown in Figure 4, two adsorption states designated as IM1 and IM2 were found. For IM1, the O 2 molecule physisorbed on top of a Bi site, with a Bi–O distance of 0.276 nm and O–O bond length of 0.126 nm (0.121 nm for gaseous O 2 ). For IM2, the O 2 bridge adsorbed over the neighboring Bi and Se (Bi–O distance: 0.230 nm, Se–O distance: 0.201 nm) and the O–O bond length increased to 0.140 nm. The Bader charges of O 2 were approximately −0.3 and −1.2 for IM1 and IM2, respectively, and were largely unchanged with SOC ON and OFF (Figure S11). The spin states for the O 2 in IM1 and IM2 were triplet and singlet states, respectively. The spin state could not change along the reaction trajectory with SOC OFF (Figure 4a), suggesting that conversion from IM1 to IM2 was prohibited; the potential energies of the triplet and singlet states are not overlapped along the reaction path. Note that the reaction paths were obtained using DFT-NEB with SOC ON/OFF and that DFT calculations for intermediate structures along the calculated paths were additionally performed to obtain the fine energy/spin profiles shown in Fig. 4a and b. With SOC ON, the transition state was observed and the spin state changed continuously from the triplet state to the singlet state near the saddle point (Figure 4b). This strong SOC effect demonstrates that the TSSs facilitated the activation of O 2 . Figure 4c shows the detailed O 2 activation process: O 2 initially adsorbed onto the top of a Bi site to form IM1 and then converted to IM2 via TS1 with a reaction barrier of 0.40 eV. This process becomes possible only with SOC ON. The adsorbed O 2 then dissociated through TS2 to form IM3, in which each oxygen was connected with two Bi and one Se. The dissociation barrier also strongly depended on the effects of the TSSs: 0.11 eV with SOC ON and 0.60 eV with SOC OFF. Conventionally, the O 2 dissociation barrier is relatively large because of its high bond energy of 498 kJ mol −1 . For instance, the oxygen dissociation barrier relative to the initial state ranges from 0.98 to 2.59 eV on a Au 8 Pd 8− x cluster. 40 Moreover, the adsorption energy for the dissociative oxygen on the metal surface is normally large because of strong metal–oxygen interaction. 41,42 However, the predicted activation barrier (0.40 eV) on the Bi 2 Se 3 surface is much smaller than that on conventional metal catalysts and the adsorption energy of the dissociative oxygen (−1.36 eV) is also weaker. Consequently, oxygen is easily activated on the Bi 2 Se 3 surface as a result of the TSS effect and the dissociated oxygen exhibits high activity. DFT calculations also confirmed that neither CO nor butylamine adsorbed onto the Bi 2 Se 3 surface with or without oxygen adsorption, consistent with the experimental results (Figure S7). Normally, the oxidative carbonylation of amines with CO and O 2 is carried out using noble-metal-based catalysts or Se. As reported, CO was first combined/adsorbed at a noble metal/Se site and then combined with amine. With the assistance of oxygen, the hydrogen was extracted from an –NH group and urea was correspondingly formed. 26,29,31 However, this reaction process did not occur on the Bi 2 Se 3 because CO could not adsorb onto the surface directly. Instead, the reaction of butylamine with dissociated oxygen to form BuNH and OH would be the reasonable process for producing DBU. Here, we examined the adsorption energy of BuNH + OH at a Se-terminated 001 surface and a 015 surface to predict the possible reaction site. As shown in Figure S12, the formed BuNH + OH only stably adsorbed onto the 015 surface; hence, we calculated the plausible reaction process on the 015 surface. The energy changes for each step are shown in Table S7 and Figure S13. Briefly, the highly active dissociated oxygen reacts with butylamine to form BuNH and OH radicals and then BuNH reacts with CO to form BuNHCO, which subsequently combines with another BuNH to form the DBU product. The energies for the formation of IM3–IM6 decrease stepwise, suggesting that the reaction occurs through the energetically downhill process. Conclusions We showed that the topological insulator Bi 2 Se 3 is an efficient catalyst for the oxidative carbonylation of amines. The catalytic activity increases linearly with increasing surface area with a constant TOF value, which is more than 5–7 times higher than those of other Se-based homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts. Specifically, by comparing the electronic structures and catalytic performance of Bi 2 Se 3 and the weak topological insulator BiSe, we showed that Bi surface states as a result of TSSs are the key for boosting the oxygen adsorption and dissociation process. The formed active oxygen further extracted the hydrogen from –NH groups to form urea derivatives. The present study establishes the application of a topological insulator as a heterogeneous catalyst. Declarations Acknowledgment This work is supported by the Element Strategy Initiative to Form Core Research Center (Grant Number JPMXP0112101001) of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) Japan and by the JST MIRAI PROGRAM (No. JPMJMI21E9). J. Wu is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52173284), Shenzhen fundamental research funding (JCYJ20210324115809026), and the Guangdong Provincial Department of Education Innovation Team Program (2021KCXTD012). The authors thank Dr. Y. Sato (Tokyo Institute of Technology) for technical assistance with the XPS measurements and Dr. S. Nakamura (Materials Analysis Division, Open Facility, Tokyo Institute of Technology) for technical assistance with the ICP analysis. Author contributions H.H. proposed the idea behind the research and supervised the project. J.L., J.-Z.W., T.-N.Y., Y.-F.L., and M.M. performed the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic measurements with assistance from M.K. and T.Y.; T.T. and S.-W.P. conducted the DFT calculations. J.L., J.-Z.W., T.T, M.K., and H.H. co-wrote the paper. All authors discussed the results and commented on the manuscript. methods Sample synthesis. Bi 2 Se 3 , BiSe, Sb 2 Se 3 , and CuSe were directly synthesized by melting Bi/Sb/Cu and Se mixtures with the appropriate stoichiometry in sealed silica tubes under an Ar atmosphere. The operating temperature for preparing Bi 2 Se 3 , BiSe, Sb 2 Se 3 , and CuSe was 800, 900, 800, and 900 °C, respectively. For the preparation of BiSe, the sample was quenched by immersing the silica tube into water after the sample had been molten for 6 h. All of the obtained ingots were silver colored and were ground using an agate mortar under ambient atmosphere. The Bi 2 Se 3 nanoparticles were prepared by a hydrothermal method. 43 Typically, 7.5 mmol of NaOH, 3.7 mmol of Se powder, and 0.4 mL of hydrazine hydrate were added to 20 mL of water. After the mixture was stirred for 1.5 h, 2.6 mmol of Bi(NO 3 ) 3 ∙ x H 2 O triturated in 5 mL of triethanolamine was added and the stirring was continued for an additional 15 min. The resultant solution was transferred to a Teflon-lined autoclave and maintained at 150 °C for 24 h. The product was collected and washed with water, followed by repeated washing with ethanol before being dried in vacuum at 60 °C for 4 h. Se/Al 2 O 3 was prepared by mixing 5 mg of Se powder and 2 g of γ-Al 2 O 3 powder in a sealed silica tube under an Ar atmosphere. The sample was heated to 750 °C over a period of 10 h, maintained at 750 °C for 1 h, and then cooled to room temperature. The obtained powder was light-pink. General procedure for oxidative carboxylation reactions. All reactions were conducted in a 30 mL stainless-steel autoclave with a magnetic stirrer. In a typical reaction, 1.0 mmol of amine, 0.2 mmol of biphenyl (internal standard), and catalyst (20 mg for Bi 2 Se 3 NPs and 50 mg for other catalysts) were mixed in 2 mL of THF. The autoclave was then charged with 0.5 MPa O 2 and 0.5 MPa CO. The mixture was stirred at approximately 20–80 °C. The products were separated from the catalyst by centrifugation and quantitatively analyzed using GC (GC-2014, Shimazu, Japan) and proton NMR spectroscopy (AVANCE III 400A, Bruker, Germany). Typically, the corresponding urea derivatives for cyclopentylamine and cyclohexylamine did not dissolve in the THF; therefore, an additional 2 mL of ethanol was added after the reaction to enable the products to be collected. Notably, the activity of the virginal sample decreased during the initial three to four runs (Figure S14); hence, all of the Bi 2 Se 3 samples were passivated before being characterized and before being used in catalytic activity measurements. Typically, 1 g of Bi 2 Se 3 bulk or 0.2 g of Bi 2 Se 3 NP sample was mixed with 10 mmol of butylamine in 5 mL of THF in a stainless-steel autoclave, which was charged with 0.5 MPa O 2 and 0.5 MPa CO before the reaction was conducted at 40 °C for 2 h; the powders were then separated by centrifugation, washed with ethanol, and dried under vacuum at room temperature. This process was repeated two times. Reaction order measurements. Butylamine, 0.2 mmol of biphenyl, and 20 mg of catalyst (50 mg for BiSe) were mixed in 2 mL of THF in an autoclave. O 2 , CO, and Ar were charged to a total pressure of 1.0 MPa. For the measurements of the butylamine concentration effect, the butylamine amount was 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.5 mmol and the O 2 :CO:Ar ratio was 0.5:0.5:0. For the measurements of the gas pressure effect, the butylamine amount was 1.0 mmol and the O 2 :CO:Ar ratios were 0.2:0.5:0.3, 0.3:0.5:0.2, 0.4:0.5:0.1, 0.5:0.5:0, 0.5:0.2:0.3, 0.5:0.3:0.2, and 0.5:0.4:0.1. All reactions were conducted at 40 °C for a certain time and the conversions were controlled to be lower than 30%. The reaction orders were determined by the equation r = k [amine] α [CO] β [O 2 ] γ , where r is the measured reaction rate, k is the reaction constant, [amine] indicates the amine concentration in the solution, and [CO] and [O 2 ] indicate the partial pressures of CO and O 2 gases, respectively. Sample characterization. The crystal structure and crystal quality were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements using an X-ray diffractometer (D8 Advance, Bruker, Japan) equipped with a monochromatic Cu Kα radiation source ( λ = 0.15418 nm). The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface areas of the catalysts were determined from N 2 adsorption/desorption isotherm measurements conducted at −196 °C using a gas-adsorption instrument (BELSORP-mini II, MicrotracBEL, Japan). The amounts of dissolved Se, Bi, Cu, and Sb species during the reactions were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES; ICPS-8100, Shimadzu). XPS (ESCA-3200, Shimadzu, Japan) measurements were performed using Mg Kα radiation and at a pressure of <10 −6 Pa (8 kV bias voltage applied to the X-ray source). The binding energy of each spectrum was corrected according to the C 1 s peak (284.6 eV). DRIFTS was conducted using a spectrometer (IRTracer-100, Shimadzu) equipped with a mercury cadmium telluride detector to investigate CO and butylamine adsorption onto the catalyst surface. The chamber with the Bi 2 Se 3 sample was first evacuated, and then 10% CO/Ar gas or butylamine vapor was introduced into the chamber for the adsorption measurement. DFT calculations. All of the structural relaxation and electronic structure calculations were performed using DFT as implemented in the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package (VASP). 44,45 _ENREF_39 The generalized gradient approximation with the Perdew‒Burke‒Ernzerhof functional 46 was adopted in the DFT calculations, and the core electrons were described using the projector-augmented wave (PAW) method. 47,48 The PAW potentials used in this work were Bi, Se, N, H, C, and O from the VASP distribution. The vdW-corrected DFT calculations were performed to reproduce the electronically isolated layered character of Bi 2 Se 3 . First, bulk and films with different QLs were calculated with and without SOC to confirm the appearance of the nontrivial quantum spin Hall phase. A kinetic-energy cutoff of 400 eV, a total energy convergence of 10 −6 eV, and k -point sampling with a 0.04 Å − 1 separation in the Brillouin zone were used. For further elementary step calculations, the 3QL surfaces were modeled with a 3×3 lateral unit cell. A 30 Å thick vacuum region was set to prevent interaction between the 3QLs. The top five layers of atoms of the surface models were allowed to be fully relaxed, whereas the remainder of atoms in the unit cell were kept fixed during the geometry optimizations. The adsorption energies of X [ E ad ( X )] (where X represents reagents and intermediates) species on the surfaces are defined as (eq. 1): E ad (X) = E tot ( X /surface) − E tot (surface) − E tot ( X ), (1) where E tot ( X /surface) is the total energy of the optimized X molecule/atom adsorption configuration, and E tot ( X ) is the total energy of an X molecule or atom. The transition states were searched using the climbing image–nudged elastic band (CI–NEB) method. 49,50 The energy and force convergence criteria were set to 10 −6 eV and 0.05 eV Å −1 , respectively. References 1 König, M. et al. Quantum spin hall insulator state in HgTe quantum wells. Science 318 , 766-770 (2007). 2 Zhang, H. J. et al. Topological insulators in Bi 2 Se 3 , Bi 2 Te 3 and Sb 2 Te 3 with a single Dirac cone on the surface. Nat. Phys. 5 , 438-442 (2009). 3 Qi, X. L. & Zhang, S. C. Topological insulators and superconductors. Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 , 1057-1110 (2011). 4 Müchler, L. et al. 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H., Yoon, J. C. & Chung, Y. K. Cobalt/Rhodium heterobimetallic nanoparticle-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of amines in the presence of carbon monoxide and molecular oxygen to ureas. Adv. Synth. Catal. 351 , 1233-1237 (2009). 32 Li, J. W. et al. Co-N-doped carbon nanotubes supported on diatomite for highly efficient catalysis oxidative carbonylation of amines with CO and air. Appl. Catal., A 549 , 112-116 (2018). 33 Gadge, S. T. et al. Synthesis of oxamate and urea by oxidative single and double carbonylation of amines using immobilized palladium metal-containing ionic liquid@SBA-15. J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem. 400 , 170-178 (2015). 34 Shi, F., Deng, Y. Q., SiMa, T. L. & Yang, H. Z. A novel ZrO 2 -SO 4 2- supported palladium catalyst for syntheses of disubstituted ureas from amines by oxidative carbonylation. Tetrahedron Lett. 42 , 2161-2163 (2001). 35 Didgikar, M. R., Roy, D., Gupte, S. P., Joshi, S. S. & Chaudhari, R. V. Immobilized palladium nanoparticles catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of amines. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 49 , 1027-1032 (2010). 36 Moon, C. Y., Han, J., Lee, H. & Choi, H. J. Low-velocity anisotropic Dirac fermions on the side surface of topological insulators. Phys. Rev. B 84 , 195425 (2011). 37 Gaudin, E., Jobic, S., Evain, M. & Brec, R. Charge balance in some Bi x se y phases through atomic structure determination and band structure calculations. Mater. Res. Bull. 30 , 549-561 (1995). 38 Majhi, K. et al. Emergence of a weak topological insulator from the Bi x Se y family. Appl. Phys. Lett. 110 , 162102 (2017). 39 Liu, C. X. et al. Oscillatory crossover from two-dimensional to three-dimensional topological insulators. Phys. Rev. B 81 , 041307(R) (2010). 40 Dar, M. A. & Krishnamurty, S. Molecular and dissociative adsorption of oxygen on Au-Pd bimetallic clusters: role of composition and spin state of the cluster. ACS Omega 4 , 12687-12695 (2019). 41 Honkala, K. & Laasonen, K. Oxygen molecule dissociation on the Al(111) surface. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 , 705-708 (2000). 42 Montemore, M. M., van Spronsen, M. A., Madix, R. J. & Friend, C. M. O 2 activation by metal surfaces: implications for bonding and reactivity on heterogeneous catalysts. Chem. Rev. 118 , 2816-2862 (2018). 43 Ota, J. R., Roy, P., Srivastava, S. K., Popovitz-Biro, R. & Tenne, R. A simple hydrothermal method for the growth of Bi 2 Se 3 nanorods. Nanotechnology 17 , 1700-1705 (2006). 44 Kresse, G. & Furthmüller, J. Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set. Phys. Rev. B 54 , 11169-11186 (1996). 45 Kresse, G. & Joubert, D. From ultrasoft pseudopotentials to the projector augmented-wave method. Phys. Rev. B 59 , 1758-1775 (1999). 46 Perdew, J. P., Burke, K. & Ernzerhof, M. Generalized gradient approximation made simple. Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 , 3865-3868 (1996). 47 Blöchl, P. E. Projector Augmented-Wave Method. Phys. Rev. B 50 , 17953-17979 (1994). 48 Perdew, J. P., Burke, K. & Ernzerhof, M. Generalized gradient approximation made simple (vol 77, pg 3865, 1996). Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 , 1396-1396 (1997). 49 Henkelman, G., Uberuaga, B. P. & Jonsson, H. A climbing image nudged elastic band method for finding saddle points and minimum energy paths. J. Chem. Phys. 113 , 9901-9904 (2000). 50 Sheppard, D., Terrell, R. & Henkelman, G. Optimization methods for finding minimum energy paths. J. Chem. Phys. 128 , 134106 (2008). Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files TOCgraphic.jpg TIsSI.docx Supplementary Information Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-1549297","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Physical Sciences - Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":100638210,"identity":"964caa7f-8505-4155-ab05-ce8aae083159","order_by":0,"name":"Hideo Hosono","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA90lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACAwhlg8SVALPYCGlJg1AHDAyI1nIYqoUBrgU3MGdvf/i4oOJ8NH97+wPmDwV/5PhnNzB++MHAl4dLi2XPGWPjGWdu5844c8YA5DBjiTsHmCV7GNiKcTrsRg6bNG/b7dwNEjlgvyRukEhgkAb6JbEBp5b0Z0At53I3yD9/ANJSD9TC/Bu/lgQzoJYDQFsYwA5LMJBIYMNvyxmgX3jOJAP9kmNw4IyBseGMG4ltlj0GePxyHBhiPBV2uf3txx8+qPgjJ88/I/nwjR8Vx3CGGAo4AKEYgU4yOJZAlBZkUEO6llEwCkbBKBiuAAA1/FYAiHg1xgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9260-6728","institution":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hideo","middleName":"","lastName":"Hosono","suffix":""},{"id":100638211,"identity":"e98aaf29-9e40-4e6e-8aad-8c0198860c1c","order_by":1,"name":"Jiang Li","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-5584","institution":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiang","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":100638212,"identity":"d52610d2-fe21-4a47-a980-4dcde0a50c35","order_by":2,"name":"Jia-Zhen Wu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Southern University of Science and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jia-Zhen","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""},{"id":100638213,"identity":"f1a40294-f41a-4a19-b0bb-afefe6cd12b7","order_by":3,"name":"Sang-Won Park","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-9803","institution":"The University of Suwon","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sang-Won","middleName":"","lastName":"Park","suffix":""},{"id":100638214,"identity":"a3361bbb-7e1f-419f-965a-fa209d69bdeb","order_by":4,"name":"Tian-Nan Ye","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tian-Nan","middleName":"","lastName":"Ye","suffix":""},{"id":100638215,"identity":"32e0d30b-7f1e-414e-b05e-e8c40804c360","order_by":5,"name":"Yangfan Lu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Chongqing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yangfan","middleName":"","lastName":"Lu","suffix":""},{"id":100638216,"identity":"1ffc18bc-8952-4411-a718-4f97c22ac0be","order_by":6,"name":"Masayoshi Miyazaki","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Masayoshi","middleName":"","lastName":"Miyazaki","suffix":""},{"id":100638217,"identity":"ea6a83de-c0d2-45f7-adbd-9138ab6f7455","order_by":7,"name":"Toshiharu Yokoyama","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Toshiharu","middleName":"","lastName":"Yokoyama","suffix":""},{"id":100638218,"identity":"a5a72f19-567c-45ad-b460-988dc7074c0a","order_by":8,"name":"Tomofumi Tada","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3093-3779","institution":"Kyushu University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tomofumi","middleName":"","lastName":"Tada","suffix":""},{"id":100638219,"identity":"33e22d00-fd70-47ac-89fb-9ab695829ef5","order_by":9,"name":"Masaaki Kitano","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4466-7387","institution":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Masaaki","middleName":"","lastName":"Kitano","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2022-04-12 08:31:38","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1549297/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1549297/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":23295404,"identity":"1e94b1a7-0cc3-4bed-833c-071fbbde9440","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-06-30 20:46:10","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":137383,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eCrystal structures of (a) Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and (b) BiSe (purple: Bi, green: Se). The powder XRD patterns for (c) Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e bulk, (d) Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e nanoparticles (NPs), and (e) BiSe bulk. The black crosses, red lines, green lines, purple bars, and blue lines represent experimental data, calculated patterns, backgrounds, Bragg positions, and the difference in the Rietveld refinement, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1549297/v1/1595007878bc17fefcdeb65f.jpg"},{"id":23295402,"identity":"bd0ecfb0-4331-44be-b210-9dcd1d8fc3ca","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-06-30 20:46:10","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":121425,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eOxidative carbonylation of butylamine with CO and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e. (a) Time course at 40 °C for Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e bulk catalyst. A hot filtration test was performed by removing the catalyst via centrifugation. (b) DBU formation rate and turnover frequency (TOF) for different catalysts at 20 °C. (c) Recycle measurement for Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e bulk, BiSe, and Se/Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalysts, as performed at 40 °C for 1 h (the reaction time for BiSe was 5 h because of its low activity). (d) XRD patterns for the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e bulk catalyst after the recycle measurements. (e) XPS Se 3\u003cem\u003ed\u003c/em\u003e peaks for Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e bulk catalysts, Se, and SeO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e. Reaction conditions: catalyst (20 mg for NPs and 50 mg for others), butylamine (1 mmol), THF (2 mL), CO (0.5 MPa), and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (0.5 MPa).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1549297/v1/4026f90ce09bb91205f18613.jpg"},{"id":23295750,"identity":"9f7b0895-cd7d-49f2-be00-76112a1aff41","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-06-30 20:51:10","extension":"jpg","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":69439,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eEffects of (a) butylamine concentration, (b) CO partial pressure, and (c) O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e partial pressure on the formation rate of urea product in the presence of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, BiSe, and Se/Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalysts. Reaction conditions: 20 mg of catalyst (50 mg of BiSe), 2 mL of THF, 40 °C. (a) CO (0.5 MPa), O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (0.5 MPa); (b) butylamine (1 mmol), O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (0.5 MPa); (c) butylamine (1 mmol), CO (0.5 MPa). All reactions were performed under 1 MPa using Ar as a buffer gas.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1549297/v1/fceca893517c07fff0ca16a1.jpg"},{"id":23295749,"identity":"f48b0cd1-db69-45d5-baff-96958c024ca2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-06-30 20:51:10","extension":"jpg","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":119422,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDFT calculations for the O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e activation process on the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e 015 surface. The potential energy and the spin state of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e along the adsorption trajectory from IM1 to IM2 with SOC (a) OFF and (b) ON. \u0026lt;S\u0026gt; indicates the numbers of unpaired electrons of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e: \u0026lt;S\u0026gt; = 2 is the triplet state and \u0026lt;S\u0026gt; = 0 is the singlet state. (c) The reaction path with SOC OFF and ON. The configurations shown in the inset were optimized with SOC ON.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1549297/v1/d90372e4a4299e84436864ef.jpg"},{"id":23295755,"identity":"849ca97d-aa1d-46e5-b430-ff8af05efe74","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-06-30 20:51:13","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":728046,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1549297/v1/1f4aa275-7ced-4d4e-ada6-aa6355d28caf.pdf"},{"id":23295400,"identity":"0e6cda3b-0e84-4ba5-8b77-a060798bbae8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-06-30 20:46:10","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":53148,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TOCgraphic.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1549297/v1/b9a21417a08a8dee29001534.jpg"},{"id":23295405,"identity":"ac7a6f63-c2c1-4182-9b97-2e81591a34c3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-06-30 20:46:10","extension":"docx","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":2693879,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Supplementary Information","description":"","filename":"TIsSI.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1549297/v1/a761a046a1dacc2db8ed18b6.docx"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"Topological Insulator as an Efficient Catalyst for Oxidative Carbonylation of Amines","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eTopological materials have garnered attention because of their exotic surface states and physical properties.\u003csup\u003e1-3\u003c/sup\u003e Although they have been mostly investigated in the field of low-temperature physics, their application potential in catalysis is also attracting increasing interest.\u003csup\u003e4-7\u003c/sup\u003e The topological surface states (TSSs) of these materials not only provide a stable electron bath for chemical reactions but also\u0026nbsp;impart the materials high\u0026nbsp;robustness toward surface contamination, defects, and changes in morphology.\u003csup\u003e8\u003c/sup\u003e Topological materials have therefore been suggested to be suitable for activating small molecules (e.g., O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO, and CO), hydrogenation reactions, and chiral syntheses and would be promising catalysts for future chemical science and technology.\u003csup\u003e5,6\u003c/sup\u003e For instance, topological materials have been investigated as catalysts for the oxygen reduction, oxygen evolution, and hydrogen evolution reactions via either electrical or photocatalytic processes.\u003csup\u003e9-13\u003c/sup\u003e However, thus far, only a few such catalysts have been explored, and most of them have been based on transition-metal-containing topological semimetals (e.g., NbAs,\u003csup\u003e10\u003c/sup\u003e Co\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003eSn\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eS\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e,\u003csup\u003e11\u003c/sup\u003e PtSn\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e,\u003csup\u003e12\u003c/sup\u003e and PtAl\u003csup\u003e13\u003c/sup\u003e), in which the topological electronic states function only as promotors of transition metals by tuning the \u003cem\u003ed\u003c/em\u003e-band centers. The direct catalytic effects of TSSs remain unexplored.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDensity function theory (DFT) calculations have predicted that the topological insulator substrate Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e will enhance the adsorption of CO and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e molecules on a supported Au film, facilitating their further oxidation.\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e In addition, Xiao et al. have demonstrated an enhancement of the adsorption energy of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e over various transition-metal-loaded Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalysts.\u003csup\u003e7\u003c/sup\u003e These results strongly indicate that TSSs (in\u0026nbsp;Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e) strongly affect the adsorption of CO and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e molecules, although transition metals still perform a primary role in the catalytic process. We speculated that TSS effects can be magnified and observed if suitable chemical reactions are applied.\u0026nbsp;On the basis of this expectation, we here used\u0026nbsp;Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e as a catalyst for reactions with CO and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e and successfully obtained urea derivatives via the oxidative carbonylation of amines.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUrea and its derivatives are important N-containing carbonyl compounds and are widely used in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, resins, polymers, and petrochemicals.\u003csup\u003e14-18\u003c/sup\u003e Traditional syntheses of urea derivatives are based on the use of toxic phosgene or phosgene derivatives as a carbonyl source, making these processes environmentally benign processes.\u003csup\u003e15\u003c/sup\u003e Consequently, inexpensive and abundant CO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e and CO have recently been used as alternative carbonyl sources for these reactions. The route from CO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e and amines suffers from a relatively poor conversion rate (\u0026lt;80%) and harsh reaction conditions (\u0026gt;130 \u0026deg;C and 1\u0026ndash;10 MPa).\u003csup\u003e19-21\u003c/sup\u003e The oxidative carbonylation of amines with CO and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e is more attractive. Many homogeneous catalysts that generate the target products in high yield have been investigated for this reaction.\u003csup\u003e22-27\u003c/sup\u003e For instance, Se is one of the most widely studied homogeneous catalysts that produce high yields\u0026nbsp;of urea derivatives under mild reaction conditions. With the assistance of amine and CO, Se completely dissolves into the solution to form an (RNH\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csup\u003e+\u003c/sup\u003e[Se(CO)NHR]\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u003c/sup\u003e structure and the urea derivative products are finally formed upon the introduction of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e.\u003csup\u003e28,29\u003c/sup\u003e However, the large drawback is the difficulty in separating the catalyst and product. Thus, various heterogeneous catalysts have been developed,\u003csup\u003e30-35\u003c/sup\u003e most of which contain a noble metal such as Au,\u003csup\u003e30\u003c/sup\u003e Rh,\u003csup\u003e31\u003c/sup\u003e or Pd.\u003csup\u003e33-35\u003c/sup\u003e New heterogeneous catalysts that are inexpensive and highly efficient are strongly demanded.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the present work, we report a typical topological insulator, Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, that functions as a highly active and stable catalyst for the production of urea derivatives from amines, CO, and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e. Its superior catalytic performance is mainly attributed to two factors: 1) exposed Se and Bi active sites with\u0026nbsp;electron-rich nontrivial surface states, which enhance the activation of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e and the overall reactions, and 2)\u0026nbsp;robust lattice Se atoms (in Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e), which suppress the dissolution of Se during the reaction.\u0026nbsp;As a consequence, the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalyst exhibits much higher efficiency for the carbonylation of butylamine than other Se-based catalysts. Kinetic analyses and DFT calculations further reveal the key role of the TSSs on Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e in the activation of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e molecules and in the associated reaction mechanisms.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results And Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaterials.\u003c/strong\u003e To deduce the catalytic effects of TSSs, we prepared\u0026nbsp;Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and BiSe, which have similar crystal structures but notably different electronic structures. Their crystal structures are shown in\u0026nbsp;Figure 1. Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e has a rhombohedral structure with three quintuple layers\u0026nbsp;(QLs) in a unit cell. Each QL\u0026nbsp;comprises five alternating Bi and Se layers in a sequence of Se\u0026ndash;Bi\u0026ndash;Se\u0026ndash;Bi\u0026ndash;Se. BiSe has\u0026nbsp;a hexagonal structure with twelve atomic layers in a unit cell, where\u0026nbsp;a Bi bilayer is sandwiched between two QLs of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e. Van der Waals\u0026nbsp;(vdW) contact only occurs between adjacent\u0026nbsp;QLs; therefore, the naturally cleaved surface should be predominantly Se-terminated.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e is a well-known topological insulator. TSSs appear not only at its Se-terminated 001 surface\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e but also at side surfaces such as those on the 015 plane.\u003csup\u003e36\u003c/sup\u003e By contrast, BiSe is known to be a two-dimensional metal\u003csup\u003e37\u003c/sup\u003e and has recently been reported to function as a weak topological insulator.\u003csup\u003e38\u003c/sup\u003e The TSSs of BiSe arise only on the side surface perpendicular to the 001\u0026nbsp;surface. We calculated the band structures of the 001 surfaces of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and BiSe thin films; the results are shown in\u0026nbsp;Figure S1\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Figure S2, respectively. The spin\u0026ndash;orbit coupling (SOC) effect is obvious for both materials, consistent with the results of previous studies.\u003csup\u003e38,39\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFigures 1c\u0026ndash;1e\u0026nbsp;show powder XRD patterns of the prepared Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and\u0026nbsp;BiSe and\u0026nbsp;the corresponding Rietveld analysis results. The obtained patterns for Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e (bulk and nanoparticles (NPs)) and BiSe were well refined using the standard Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e (PDF #00-033-0214) and BiSe (PDF #00-042-1045) structures, indicating high purity of the prepared samples. For both Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and BiSe bulk samples, the (001) orientation is preferred because interlayer vdW interactions are weak, enabling easy cleavage during mechanical milling. As shown in Figure S3,\u0026nbsp;surfaces other than the 001 surface are also observed; these contributions likely arise from the steps and edges of the cleaved 001 surface. For the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e NPs, no preferred orientation is observed and the (015) peak is the most intense.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe valence states of Se were examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement (Figure S4). The Se 3\u003cem\u003ed\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e5/2\u003c/sub\u003e peak positions for Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and BiSe (53.1 eV and 53.3 eV, respectively) are similar, consistent with the similar surface structures of the two samples. This result indicates that the TSSs only weakly influence the charge states of the component elements. Because of their similar surface structure and similar Se valence state, Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and BiSe are expected to exhibit similar catalytic performance. However, as described in the next section, their activities differ substantially, indicating the key influence of the TSS effect.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCatalytic performance.\u003c/strong\u003e Oxidative carbonylation of butylamine was chosen as the model reaction to investigate the effect of TSSs on a Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalyst. As shown in Figure 2a, the reaction was completed in 5 h at 40 \u0026deg;C for the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e bulk catalyst and 1,3-dibutylurea (DBU) was detected as the sole product by gas chromatography (GC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy measurements. Moreover, the reaction proceeded only in the presence of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and no product was formed after the catalyst was removed during the reaction (Figure 2a, blue line). For comparison, BiSe, Bi, and other catalysts containing Se were also investigated for this reaction under the same reaction conditions. As shown in Table S1, the activity of BiSe was substantially lower (conversion of 20% and yield of 19%) than that of the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalyst even though their surface areas were similar (1.0 and 0.9 m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e g\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u003c/sup\u003e for Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and BiSe, respectively). Se(0.25wt%)/Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, on which the Se loading amount was three times greater than the amount of Se exposed on the surface of\u0026nbsp;Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e (Tables S2 and S3), showed a similar conversion and yield as the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, whereas Bi itself was inert for this reaction. However, for the Se(0.25wt%)/Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalyst, 26 \u0026mu;g of Se residue was detected in the solution after the reaction, whereas no such Se residue was detected for the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e or BiSe catalyst (Table S1). For other Se-based samples, such as Sb\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, CuSe, and SeO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, Se was dissolved during the reaction even though DBU was produced (Table S1). For instance, although Sb\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e showed good activity (70% conversion and 68% yield), both Sb and Se were dissolved, indicating that the catalyst was unstable. Accordingly, the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalysts showed excellent activity and durability for the oxidative carbonylation of butylamine with CO and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e. The activity and durability of the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalysts were not only greater than those of the Se-containing catalysts examined here but were also superior to those of previously reported transition-metal-based heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts (Table S4). Specifically, the formation of DBU from butylamine catalyzed by a Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e NP catalyst was completed in 4 h at 20 \u0026deg;C, whereas previously reported heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts typically required much higher temperatures (\u0026gt;60 \u0026deg;C) or much longer reaction times (\u0026gt;24 h) to obtain high product yields.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo further understand the differences in activity among Se-based catalysts,\u0026nbsp;we estimated the DBU formation rate and the corresponding turnover of frequency (TOF) by carrying out the oxidative carbonylation of butylamine at 20 \u0026deg;C. As shown in Figure 2b\u0026nbsp;and Table S3,\u0026nbsp;the DBU formation rate and TOF value for the\u0026nbsp;Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e bulk catalyst were 0.37 mmol g\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eh\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u003c/sup\u003e and 41.7 h\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u003c/sup\u003e, respectively, which are 4\u0026ndash;38 times higher than those of the other catalysts. Conventionally, the activity of a catalyst is determined by the exposed active sites on its surface; therefore, increasing the surface area can increase the activity proportionally. As shown in Figure S5, the DBU formation rate (in units of\u0026nbsp;mmol g\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eh\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u003c/sup\u003e) increased almost linearly with increasing surface area. For instance, the DBU formation rate for\u0026nbsp;Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e NPs was 8.30 mmol g\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eh\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u003c/sup\u003e, which was 22 times higher than that of the bulk catalyst, whereas its TOF value (40.7\u0026nbsp;h\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u003c/sup\u003e) was almost identical to that of the bulk catalyst.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe recyclability of catalysts is one of the most critical properties for their practical application. Here, recycling experiments for the\u0026nbsp;Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, BiSe, and Se/Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalysts were performed by separating the used catalysts from the reaction solution via centrifugation. The Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalyst could be reused at least 20 times without any obvious loss of catalytic activity, whereas the yields for the BiSe and Se/Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalysts decreased continuously (Figure 2c). ICP measurements (Table S5) showed that the Se residue was not observed in the solution after each cycle for the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and BiSe catalysts. However, more than 20 \u0026mu;g of Se was lost from the Se/Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalyst at each cycle, resulting in a drastic degradation of activity. No obvious changes were observed in the XRD patterns of the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and BiSe samples after the reaction (Figure 2d, Figure S6). In addition, the valence states of surface Se atoms before and after the reaction were examined via Se 3\u003cem\u003ed\u003c/em\u003e XPS measurements (Figure 2e). Two Se peaks that differ from that of zero-valent Se (55.1 eV) were observed in the spectrum of the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalyst, and neither peak changed after 20 recycle measurements. These results demonstrate the robustness of the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalyst surface during the reaction. The peak at 53.1 eV was assigned to the lattice Se of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e with a negative charge. The peak at 58.8 eV was similar to that observed in the spectrum of SeO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e. However, it was not related to the formation of SeO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e via an oxidation process because, if SeO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e had formed, it would have dissolved into the solution during the reaction (refer to the case of the SeO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e catalyst in Table S1), whereas the observed Se 3\u003cem\u003ed\u003c/em\u003e signal was stable and Se was not observed in the solution. Therefore, we assigned this positive Se peak to Se bonded with activated oxygen species during the reaction. This assignment is supported by DFT calculations discussed in the following section. Accordingly, the good recyclability of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e is ascribed to its robust TSSs, which are stable against surface contamination and oxidation. By comparison, the weak topological insulator BiSe exhibited lower activity and poor stability. These results can be explained by considering that the weak TSSs only appeared on the side surface perpendicular to the 001 surface and were not robust (i.e., they were easily broken by surface oxidation).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo\u0026nbsp;examine the wide applicability of the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalysts for oxidative carbonylation, we tested various amines; the results are summarized in Table 1. Excellent conversions and yields were obtained from all the primary amines (\u003cstrong\u003e1\u0026ndash;4\u003c/strong\u003e), the secondary amines (\u003cstrong\u003e5\u0026ndash;8\u003c/strong\u003e), and the diamine (\u003cstrong\u003e9\u003c/strong\u003e) examined for both\u0026nbsp;Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e bulk and NP catalysts. In general, secondary amines have a lower reaction rate than primary amines under the same reaction conditions, likely because of the steric effect. The Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e NP catalyst consistently showed a higher reaction rate than the bulk sample, and their reaction rates were proportional to the catalyst\u0026rsquo;s surface area; for instance, the formation rates divided by the catalyst surface area for the carbonylation of piperidine (\u003cstrong\u003e6\u003c/strong\u003e) were almost identical: 0.80 and 0.76\u0026nbsp;mmol m\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eh\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003efor the bulk and NP catalysts, respectively (Table S6). However, the aromatic amines (\u003cstrong\u003e10\u003c/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003e11\u003c/strong\u003e) did not react with CO and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e under the present reaction conditions in the presence of either the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e bulk or NP catalyst. These results are consistent with previous reports indicating that not even a Au\u0026ndash;Cu complex catalyst or Se metal can catalyze the oxidative carbonylation of aniline.\u003csup\u003e23,29\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 1\u003c/strong\u003e. Oxidative carbonylation of various amines using Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e bulk and nanoparticle catalysts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg 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\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReaction conditions: 50 mg of bulk catalyst and 20 mg of NP catalyst; 1 mmol of amine in 2 mL of THF, 0.5 MPa of CO, and 0.5 MPa of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReaction-order measurement.\u003c/strong\u003e To further understand the differences in activity among the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, BiSe, and Se/Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalysts, we carried out reaction-order measurements (Figure 3). The butylamine reaction order (\u003cem\u003e\u0026alpha;\u003c/em\u003e) of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and BiSe was 0.38 and 0.32, respectively, which is much smaller than that of Se/Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e (1.01). This difference can be explained by considering that amine activation occurs on the surface of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sub\u003eand BiSe, whereas for the Se/Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e catalyst, the dissolved (BuNH\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csup\u003e+\u003c/sup\u003e[Se(CO)NHBu]\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u003c/sup\u003e intermediate forms with the assistance of butylamine and CO. Large differences were observed in the CO reaction order (\u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e) and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e reaction order (\u003cem\u003e\u0026gamma;\u003c/em\u003e) for these catalysts: the values of \u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003e\u0026gamma;\u003c/em\u003e for BiSe (0.50 and 0.62, respectively) and Se/Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e (0.37 and 0.56, respectively) were similar, whereas the values were \u0026minus;0.27 and 1.00 for Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, respectively. These results suggest that the activation/reaction processes for CO and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e on the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e surface differ from those on the surface of the other two catalysts, which is possibly attributable to two effects. (1) Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e strongly interacts with CO. With increasing CO concentration, the surface coverage of CO increases drastically and the adsorption of butylamine and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e is blocked, leading to a decrease in the reaction rate. (2) The O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e activation is the rate-determining step (RDS). Because the solubility of CO in the THF solvent is lower than that of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, the increase in the CO partial pressure decreases the O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e concentration in the solution; consequently, the O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e activation is suppressed and the reaction rate decreases.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe next\u0026nbsp;investigated\u0026nbsp;the adsorption of CO and butylamine onto the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e surface by diffuse-reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) to confirm whether these reagents were adsorbed onto the surface. The DRIFTS peak for adsorbed CO was usually located in the range 2000\u0026ndash;2080 cm\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u003c/sup\u003e. However, as shown in Figure S7a, only the peaks at 2170 and 2120 cm\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u003c/sup\u003e, which are ascribed to the gaseous CO vibration, were observed upon the introduction of 500 Pa CO. These peaks disappeared completely after the chamber was evacuated. A similar result was obtained for the butylamine adsorption measurement (Figure S7b), where only a gas-phase amine signal was observed when 700 Pa butylamine was applied and disappeared after evacuation. These results suggest that the interaction between CO/butylamine and the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e surface was very weak, ruling out effect (1) as the origin of the negative CO reaction order (i.e., CO and butylamine cannot be activated directly on the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e surface). The O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e activation on the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e surface should be the first step in the oxidative carbonylation of amines. This O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e activation process was confirmed by XPS measurements showing that surface Se was partially oxidized (Figure 2e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDFT calculations.\u003c/strong\u003e Our experimental results show that the first step in the oxidative carboxylation of amines was the activation of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e on a Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e surface. To further understand this reaction process and the effects of the TSSs, we carried out DFT calculations for the 3QL Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e surface. We first investigated the O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e activation on the 001 Se-terminated surface, where the initial/final spin state of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e/2O is triplet/singlet and SOC was switched ON. As shown in Figure S8, the dissociated oxygen stood on the top of Se with an adsorption energy of 0.77 eV and the dissociation barrier determined by a DFT nudged elastic band (NEB) calculation was as high as 1.77 eV. Such a high reaction barrier and the instability of dissociated oxygen suggested that the dissociation of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e on the Se-terminated 001 surface was almost impossible. Because the main contributor to the conduction bands near the Fermi level were Bi \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e orbitals (Figure S1) and the cleaved 001 surface was dominated by Se, the activation and combination of oxygen solely at the Se site would be difficult. A surface with exposed Bi and Se is desired for the O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e dissociation process. XRD measurements (Figure S3) showed that the 015 and 1010 surfaces, which had exposed Bi and Se, were present on both Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e bulk and NP samples. We also calculated the cleavage energies for these surfaces (Figure S9) and found that the Se-terminated 001 surface has the lowest cleavage energy (\u0026lt;0.2 J m\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;2\u003c/sup\u003e) and the 015 surface has the second-lowest cleavage energy (0.49 J m\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;2\u003c/sup\u003e with SOC ON). Therefore, we chose the 015 surface to investigate the O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e activation process. To save computation time, we used the 3QL model by partially removing Bi and Se atoms (Figure S10); the stoichiometry of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e was maintained. Notably, the 015 surface also has TSSs and its band structure has been reported.\u003csup\u003e36\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs shown in Figure 4,\u0026nbsp;two adsorption states designated as IM1 and IM2 were found. For IM1, the O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e molecule physisorbed on top of a Bi site, with a Bi\u0026ndash;O distance of 0.276 nm and O\u0026ndash;O bond length of 0.126 nm (0.121 nm for gaseous O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e). For IM2, the O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e bridge adsorbed over the neighboring Bi and Se (Bi\u0026ndash;O distance: 0.230 nm, Se\u0026ndash;O distance: 0.201 nm) and the O\u0026ndash;O bond length increased to 0.140 nm. The Bader charges of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e were approximately \u0026minus;0.3 and \u0026minus;1.2 for IM1 and IM2, respectively, and were largely unchanged with SOC ON and OFF (Figure S11). The spin states for the O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e in IM1 and IM2 were triplet and singlet states, respectively. The spin state could not change along the reaction trajectory with SOC OFF (Figure 4a), suggesting that conversion from IM1 to IM2 was prohibited; the potential energies of the triplet and singlet states are not overlapped along the reaction path. Note that the reaction paths were obtained using DFT-NEB with SOC ON/OFF and that DFT calculations for intermediate structures along the calculated paths were additionally performed to obtain the fine energy/spin profiles shown in Fig. 4a and b. With SOC ON, the transition state was observed and the spin state changed continuously from the triplet state to the singlet state near the saddle point (Figure 4b). This strong SOC effect demonstrates that the TSSs facilitated the activation of O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e. Figure 4c shows the detailed O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e activation process: O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e initially\u003csub\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sub\u003eadsorbed onto the top of a Bi site to form IM1 and then converted to IM2 via TS1 with a reaction barrier of 0.40 eV. This process becomes possible only with SOC ON. The adsorbed O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e then dissociated through TS2 to form IM3, in which each oxygen was connected with two Bi and one Se. The dissociation barrier also strongly depended on the effects of the TSSs: 0.11 eV with SOC ON and 0.60 eV with SOC OFF. Conventionally, the O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e dissociation barrier is relatively large because of its high bond energy of 498 kJ mol\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;1\u003c/sup\u003e. For instance, the oxygen dissociation barrier relative to the initial state ranges from 0.98 to 2.59 eV on a Au\u003csub\u003e8\u003c/sub\u003ePd\u003csub\u003e8\u0026minus;\u003cem\u003ex\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e cluster.\u003csup\u003e40\u003c/sup\u003e Moreover, the adsorption energy for the dissociative oxygen on the metal surface is normally large because of strong metal\u0026ndash;oxygen interaction.\u003csup\u003e41,42\u003c/sup\u003e However, the predicted activation barrier (0.40 eV) on the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e surface is much smaller than that on conventional metal catalysts and the adsorption energy of the dissociative oxygen (\u0026minus;1.36 eV) is also weaker. Consequently, oxygen is easily activated on the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e surface as a result of the TSS effect and the dissociated oxygen exhibits high activity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDFT calculations also confirmed that neither CO nor butylamine adsorbed onto the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e surface with or without oxygen adsorption, consistent with the experimental results (Figure S7). Normally, the oxidative carbonylation of amines with CO and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e is carried out using noble-metal-based catalysts or Se. As reported, CO was first combined/adsorbed at a noble metal/Se site and then combined with amine. With the assistance of oxygen, the hydrogen was extracted from an \u0026ndash;NH group and urea was correspondingly formed.\u003csup\u003e26,29,31\u003c/sup\u003e However, this reaction process did not occur on the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e because CO could not adsorb onto the surface directly. Instead, the reaction of butylamine with dissociated oxygen to form BuNH and OH would be the reasonable process for producing DBU. Here, we examined the adsorption energy of BuNH + OH at a Se-terminated 001 surface and a 015 surface to predict the possible reaction site. As shown in Figure S12, the formed BuNH + OH only stably adsorbed onto the 015 surface; hence, we calculated the plausible reaction process on the 015 surface. The energy changes for each step are shown in Table S7 and Figure S13. Briefly, the highly active dissociated oxygen reacts with butylamine to form BuNH and OH radicals and then BuNH reacts with CO to form BuNHCO, which subsequently combines with another BuNH to form the DBU product. The energies for the formation of IM3\u0026ndash;IM6 decrease stepwise, suggesting that the reaction occurs through the energetically downhill process.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eWe showed that the topological insulator Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e is an efficient catalyst for the oxidative carbonylation of amines. The catalytic activity increases linearly with increasing surface area with a constant TOF value, which is more than 5\u0026ndash;7 times higher than those of other Se-based homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts. Specifically, by comparing the electronic structures and catalytic performance of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e and the weak topological insulator BiSe, we showed that Bi surface states as a result of TSSs are the key for boosting the oxygen adsorption and dissociation process. The formed active oxygen further extracted the hydrogen from \u0026ndash;NH groups to form urea derivatives. The present study establishes the application of a topological insulator as a heterogeneous catalyst.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgment\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work is supported by the Element Strategy Initiative to Form Core Research Center (Grant Number JPMXP0112101001) of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mext.go.jp/english\"\u003eMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology\u003c/a\u003e (MEXT) Japan and by the JST MIRAI PROGRAM (No. JPMJMI21E9). J. Wu is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52173284), Shenzhen fundamental research funding (JCYJ20210324115809026), and the Guangdong Provincial Department of Education Innovation Team Program (2021KCXTD012). The authors thank Dr. Y. Sato (Tokyo Institute of Technology) for technical assistance with the XPS measurements and Dr. S. Nakamura (Materials Analysis Division, Open Facility, Tokyo Institute of Technology) for technical assistance with the ICP analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eH.H. proposed the idea behind the research and supervised the project. J.L., J.-Z.W., T.-N.Y., Y.-F.L., and M.M. performed the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic measurements with assistance from M.K. and T.Y.; T.T. and S.-W.P. conducted the DFT calculations. J.L., J.-Z.W., T.T, M.K., and H.H. co-wrote the paper. All authors discussed the results and commented on the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"methods","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSample synthesis.\u003c/strong\u003e Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, BiSe, Sb\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, and CuSe were directly synthesized by melting Bi/Sb/Cu and Se mixtures with the appropriate stoichiometry in sealed silica tubes under an Ar atmosphere. The operating temperature for preparing Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, BiSe, Sb\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, and CuSe was 800, 900, 800, and 900 \u0026deg;C, respectively. For the preparation of BiSe, the sample was quenched by immersing the silica tube into water after the sample had been molten for 6 h. All of the obtained ingots were silver colored and were ground using an agate mortar under ambient atmosphere.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e nanoparticles were prepared by a hydrothermal method.\u003csup\u003e43\u003c/sup\u003e Typically, 7.5 mmol of NaOH, 3.7 mmol of Se powder, and 0.4 mL of hydrazine hydrate were added to 20 mL of water. After the mixture was stirred for 1.5 h, 2.6 mmol of Bi(NO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e∙\u003cem\u003ex\u003c/em\u003eH\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO triturated in 5 mL of triethanolamine was added and the stirring was continued for an additional 15 min. The resultant solution was transferred to a Teflon-lined autoclave and maintained at 150 \u0026deg;C for 24 h. The product was collected and washed with water, followed by repeated washing with ethanol before being dried in vacuum at 60 \u0026deg;C for 4 h.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSe/Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e was prepared by mixing 5 mg of Se powder and 2 g of \u0026gamma;-Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sub\u003epowder in a sealed silica tube under an Ar atmosphere. The sample was heated to 750 \u0026deg;C over a period of 10 h, maintained at 750 \u0026deg;C for 1 h, and then cooled to room temperature. The obtained powder was light-pink.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeneral procedure for oxidative carboxylation reactions.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eAll reactions were conducted in a 30 mL stainless-steel autoclave with a magnetic stirrer. In a typical reaction, 1.0 mmol of amine,\u0026nbsp;0.2 mmol of biphenyl (internal standard),\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;catalyst (20 mg for\u0026nbsp;Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e NPs and 50 mg for other catalysts) were mixed in 2 mL of THF. The autoclave was then charged with 0.5 MPa O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e and 0.5 MPa CO. The mixture was stirred at approximately 20\u0026ndash;80 \u0026deg;C. The products were separated from the catalyst by centrifugation and quantitatively analyzed using GC (GC-2014, Shimazu, Japan) and proton NMR spectroscopy (AVANCE III 400A, Bruker, Germany). Typically, the corresponding urea derivatives for cyclopentylamine and cyclohexylamine did not dissolve in the THF; therefore, an additional 2 mL of ethanol was added after the reaction to enable the products to be collected.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNotably, the activity of the virginal sample decreased during the initial three to four runs (Figure S14); hence, all of the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e samples were passivated before being characterized and before being used in catalytic activity measurements. Typically, 1 g of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e bulk or 0.2 g of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e NP sample was mixed with 10 mmol of butylamine in 5 mL of THF in a stainless-steel autoclave, which was charged with 0.5 MPa O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e and 0.5 MPa CO before the reaction was conducted at 40 \u0026deg;C for 2 h; the powders were then separated by centrifugation, washed with ethanol, and dried under vacuum at room temperature. This process was repeated two times.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReaction order measurements.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eButylamine,\u0026nbsp;0.2 mmol of biphenyl, and\u0026nbsp;20 mg of\u0026nbsp;catalyst (50 mg for BiSe) were mixed in\u0026nbsp;2 mL of THF in an autoclave. O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, CO, and Ar were charged to a total pressure of 1.0 MPa. For the measurements of the butylamine concentration effect, the butylamine amount was 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.5 mmol and the O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e:CO:Ar ratio was 0.5:0.5:0. For the measurements of the gas pressure effect, the butylamine amount was 1.0 mmol and the O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e:CO:Ar ratios were 0.2:0.5:0.3, 0.3:0.5:0.2, 0.4:0.5:0.1, 0.5:0.5:0, 0.5:0.2:0.3, 0.5:0.3:0.2, and 0.5:0.4:0.1. All reactions were conducted at 40 \u0026deg;C for a certain time and the conversions were controlled to be lower than 30%. The reaction orders were determined by the equation \u003cem\u003er\u003c/em\u003e = \u003cem\u003ek\u003c/em\u003e[amine]\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026alpha;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e[CO]\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e[O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e]\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026gamma;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e, where \u003cem\u003er\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eis the measured reaction rate, \u003cem\u003ek\u003c/em\u003e is the reaction constant, [amine] indicates the amine concentration in the solution, and [CO] and [O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e] indicate the partial pressures of CO and O\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e gases, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSample characterization.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThe crystal structure and crystal quality were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements using an X-ray diffractometer (D8 Advance, Bruker, Japan) equipped with a monochromatic Cu K\u0026alpha; radiation source (\u003cem\u003e\u0026lambda;\u003c/em\u003e = 0.15418 nm). The Brunauer\u0026ndash;Emmett\u0026ndash;Teller (BET) surface areas of the catalysts were determined from N\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e adsorption/desorption isotherm measurements conducted at \u0026minus;196 \u0026deg;C using a gas-adsorption instrument (BELSORP-mini II, MicrotracBEL, Japan). The amounts of dissolved Se, Bi, Cu, and Sb species during the reactions were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES; ICPS-8100, Shimadzu). XPS (ESCA-3200, Shimadzu, Japan) measurements were performed using Mg K\u0026alpha; radiation and at a pressure of \u0026lt;10\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;6\u003c/sup\u003e Pa (8 kV bias voltage applied to the X-ray source). The binding energy of each spectrum was corrected according to the C 1\u003cem\u003es\u003c/em\u003e peak (284.6 eV). DRIFTS was conducted using a spectrometer (IRTracer-100, Shimadzu) equipped with a mercury cadmium telluride detector to investigate CO and butylamine adsorption onto the catalyst surface. The chamber with the Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e sample was first evacuated, and then 10% CO/Ar gas or butylamine vapor was introduced into the chamber for the adsorption measurement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDFT calculations.\u0026nbsp;All of the structural relaxation and electronic structure calculations were performed using DFT as implemented in the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package (VASP).\u003csup\u003e44,45\u003c/sup\u003e\u003ca href=\"#_ENREF_39\" title=\"Kresse, 1996 #506\"\u003e_ENREF_39\u003c/a\u003e The generalized gradient approximation with the Perdew‒Burke‒Ernzerhof functional\u003csup\u003e46\u003c/sup\u003e was adopted in the DFT calculations, and the core electrons were described using the projector-augmented wave (PAW) method.\u003csup\u003e47,48\u003c/sup\u003e The PAW potentials used in this work were Bi, Se, N, H, C, and O from the VASP distribution. The vdW-corrected DFT calculations were performed to reproduce the electronically isolated layered character of Bi\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSe\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e. First, bulk and\u0026nbsp;films with different QLs were calculated\u0026nbsp;with and without\u0026nbsp;SOC\u0026nbsp;to confirm\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;appearance of\u0026nbsp;the nontrivial quantum spin Hall phase.\u0026nbsp;A\u0026nbsp;kinetic-energy cutoff of\u0026nbsp;400 eV, a\u0026nbsp;total energy convergence of 10\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;6\u003c/sup\u003e eV, and \u003cem\u003ek\u003c/em\u003e-point sampling with a 0.04 \u0026Aring;\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e separation in the Brillouin zone were used. For further elementary step calculations, the 3QL surfaces were modeled with a 3\u0026times;3 lateral unit cell. A 30 \u0026Aring; thick vacuum region was set to prevent interaction between the 3QLs. The top five layers of atoms of the surface models were allowed to be fully relaxed, whereas the remainder of atoms in the unit cell were kept fixed during the geometry optimizations. The adsorption energies of \u003cem\u003eX\u003c/em\u003e [\u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003ead\u003c/sub\u003e(\u003cem\u003eX\u003c/em\u003e)] (where \u003cem\u003eX\u003c/em\u003e represents reagents and intermediates) species on the surfaces are defined as (eq. 1):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003ead\u003c/sub\u003e(X) = \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003etot\u003c/sub\u003e(\u003cem\u003eX\u003c/em\u003e/surface) \u0026minus; \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003etot\u003c/sub\u003e(surface) \u0026minus; \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003etot\u003c/sub\u003e(\u003cem\u003eX\u003c/em\u003e),\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;(1)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ewhere \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003etot\u003c/sub\u003e(\u003cem\u003eX\u003c/em\u003e/surface) is the total energy of the optimized \u003cem\u003eX\u003c/em\u003e molecule/atom adsorption configuration, and \u003cem\u003eE\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003etot\u003c/sub\u003e(\u003cem\u003eX\u003c/em\u003e) is the total energy of an \u003cem\u003eX\u003c/em\u003e molecule or atom. 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Their robust topological surface states (TSSs) afford a stable electron bath that facilitates surface reactions, which has been successfully used to promote reactions on transition metals (TMs). As emergent heterogeneous catalysts, TSS-TMs have introduced new catalytic effects. However, the direct application of TSSs to catalysis has thus far remained elusive. In the present study, we show that Bi2Se3, one of the most representative topological insulators, functions as an excellent catalyst for the oxidative carbonylation of amines with CO and O2 to synthesize urea derivatives, showing superior activity compared with conventional TM-containing heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. For example, when Bi2Se3 nanoparticles were used as catalysts, the carbonylation of butylamine was completed in 4 h at 20 °C with a yield of 99%, whereas noble-metal-based catalysts do not function at such a low temperature. In addition, the turnover frequency (TOF) of Bi2Se3 (41 h−1) is five times greater than that for BiSe, which has a crystal structure similar to that of Bi2Se3 but with substantially weakened TSSs. Density functional theory calculations further reveal that the TSSs facilitate the activation of O2 through a triplet-to-singlet spin-conversion reaction, which is the key step for the generation of urea derivatives from amines. These findings indicate a new application area of topological insulators in heterogeneous catalysis.","manuscriptTitle":"Topological Insulator as an Efficient Catalyst for Oxidative Carbonylation of Amines","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2022-06-30 20:46:08","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1549297/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"ad2a137e-15c8-4e68-9f9b-58f950f39671","owner":[],"postedDate":"June 30th, 2022","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2022-06-30T20:46:10+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2022-06-30 20:46:08","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-1549297","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-1549297","identity":"rs-1549297","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"rHA-KDH7Qsr4HCuvH75dn","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}