Enhanced Supercapacitive Performance of Fe-Doped CuO Nanostructured Thin Films Synthesized via Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis

Enhanced Supercapacitive Performance of Fe-Doped CuO Nanostructured Thin Films Synthesized via Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Enhanced Supercapacitive Performance of Fe-Doped CuO Nanostructured Thin Films Synthesized via Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Demet İSKENDEROĞLU, Kübra ÇINAR DEMİR, Harun GÜNEY, Muhammed Emin GÜLDÜREN, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8865174/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract CuO nanostructured thin films, both undoped and Fe-doped, were successfully deposited onto ITO substrates using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) technique. The structural, morphological, optical, and electrochemical characteristics of CuO were systematically investigated as a function of Fe incorporation. X-ray diffraction results verified the formation of the monoclinic CuO phase. However, noticeable changes in peak intensity and crystallite size were observed after Fe addition. Moreover, SEM images revealed that Fe doping modified the surface morphology and promoted the growth of larger polyhedral grains. Elemental mapping further verified the uniform distribution of Fe within the CuO matrix. Optical measurements showed an increase in absorbance and a slight widening of the band gap with increasing Fe content. In addition, photoluminescence intensity decreased after doping, indicating changes in defect structure and charge recombination behavior. The electrochemical performance was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and impedance spectroscopy in 1 M KOH electrolyte. The Fe-doped CuO electrodes exhibited significantly enhanced specific capacitance compared to undoped CuO. This improvement was attributed to increased surface activity and improved charge transfer properties. Thus, Fe incorporation effectively enhanced the electrochemical behavior of CuO thin films, making them promising candidates for supercapacitor applications. Fe doped CuO supercapacitor CV and GCD Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8865174","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":593170711,"identity":"50d57ec3-71db-41af-9ad1-d4e5566a07f8","order_by":0,"name":"Demet İSKENDEROĞLU","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Kazım Karabekir Education Faculty, Atatürk University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Demet","middleName":"","lastName":"İSKENDEROĞLU","suffix":""},{"id":593170712,"identity":"75e51acd-566a-411b-bffc-df9fbdf8bcf5","order_by":1,"name":"Kübra ÇINAR DEMİR","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Atatürk University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kübra","middleName":"ÇINAR","lastName":"DEMİR","suffix":""},{"id":593170713,"identity":"9187a972-fa70-4845-87d3-0880e1099568","order_by":2,"name":"Harun GÜNEY","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Atatürk University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Harun","middleName":"","lastName":"GÜNEY","suffix":""},{"id":593170714,"identity":"b41f1a95-c696-47e8-b9e7-7952f378036f","order_by":3,"name":"Muhammed Emin GÜLDÜREN","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA80lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYLCCB2wgkvkAkJAA4gQitCSAtbAlILQcIE4LjwGMi1+Lbnv7NYmEssP5/NI9Hz9+3WPBwM+eY8D8cQ9uLWZnzpRJJJw7bDlzztnN0jLPJBgke94YMBx4hkfLjZw0icS2wwYGN3I3SEsckGAwuJED1ILHZWb330C02N/IefwbpMWeoJYb7McgtkjksEl+ANkiQUjLmRxmi4Rz6QYSN9LMrBkOSPBInHlWcOAMPi3Hjz+88aHM2oB/RvLjmz8O1MnxtydvfFCBRwtSdADjnwfIBTHwamBgYH8AZzL+wK90FIyCUTAKRigAABnUV2JnWSrYAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Muhammed","middleName":"Emin","lastName":"GÜLDÜREN","suffix":""},{"id":593170718,"identity":"64784814-3964-4dc0-a06c-3030a02f7d70","order_by":4,"name":"Sibel Morkoç KARADENİZ","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sibel","middleName":"Morkoç","lastName":"KARADENİZ","suffix":""},{"id":593170719,"identity":"02c23d0c-a5a6-4ec8-81a6-72e81e3b2c7f","order_by":5,"name":"Aykut ASTAM","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Aykut","middleName":"","lastName":"ASTAM","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-02-12 19:38:10","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8865174/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8865174/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":106726914,"identity":"5c65ec86-28af-4b23-b1c9-8e518c4233db","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-12 18:37:40","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":623259,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"FedopedCuOmanuscriptlast.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8865174/v1_covered_f5c88da7-78ce-4d8b-8427-158ce596f867.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Enhanced Supercapacitive Performance of Fe-Doped CuO Nanostructured Thin Films Synthesized via Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Fe doped CuO, supercapacitor, CV and GCD","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8865174/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8865174/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eCuO nanostructured thin films, both undoped and Fe-doped, were successfully deposited onto ITO substrates using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) technique. The structural, morphological, optical, and electrochemical characteristics of CuO were systematically investigated as a function of Fe incorporation. X-ray diffraction results verified the formation of the monoclinic CuO phase. However, noticeable changes in peak intensity and crystallite size were observed after Fe addition. Moreover, SEM images revealed that Fe doping modified the surface morphology and promoted the growth of larger polyhedral grains. Elemental mapping further verified the uniform distribution of Fe within the CuO matrix. Optical measurements showed an increase in absorbance and a slight widening of the band gap with increasing Fe content. In addition, photoluminescence intensity decreased after doping, indicating changes in defect structure and charge recombination behavior. The electrochemical performance was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge\u0026ndash;discharge, and impedance spectroscopy in 1 M KOH electrolyte. The Fe-doped CuO electrodes exhibited significantly enhanced specific capacitance compared to undoped CuO. This improvement was attributed to increased surface activity and improved charge transfer properties. Thus, Fe incorporation effectively enhanced the electrochemical behavior of CuO thin films, making them promising candidates for supercapacitor applications.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Enhanced Supercapacitive Performance of Fe-Doped CuO Nanostructured Thin Films Synthesized via Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-04-10 18:18:03","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8865174/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"13e160af-8c32-4001-88c8-398c2b704f06","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 10th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-10T18:18:03+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-04-10 18:18:03","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8865174","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8865174","identity":"rs-8865174","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}