Dentists’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice To China’s Centralized Dental Implants Procurement: A Cross-sectional Study

Dentists’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice To China’s Centralized Dental Implants Procurement: A Cross-sectional Study | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Dentists’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice To China’s Centralized Dental Implants Procurement: A Cross-sectional Study Ting Xiao, Yanjun Ma, Zhenyu Yang, Zi Xiang, Lingling Gong, Yixuan Hou, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9142499/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background The Chinese government implemented the National Centralized Dental Implants Procurement (NCDIP) policy in September 2022 to enhance the accessibility and quality of dental services and to support the sustainable development of the dental implant industry. In this study, dentists’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding the NCDIP were assessed; the implementation of the policy was evaluated; factors influencing KAP were identified; and recommendations were proposed to inform policy refinement and enforcement. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in China between May and June 2023 to assess licensed dentists’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the NCDIP policy using an online survey. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with dentists’ KAP. Results A total of 1,153 dentists completed the survey. Overall, 97.79% of respondents reported awareness of the NCDIP policy, and 71.18% reported being familiar with it. Female dentists demonstrated a higher level of understanding of the policy than male dentists. Among respondents, 79.53% believed that the NCDIP policy could influence healthcare reform, and 75.04% agreed that its implementation was reasonable and could reduce the cost of dental implants. Additionally, 69.32% of dentists believed that the policy could reduce the economic burden on patients, with dentists working in private hospitals reporting stronger perceptions of the policy's impact. Regarding practice, 88.2% of dentists reported prioritizing centrally procured implants, 90.8% reported actively seeking information about the policy, and 90.8% reported actively promoting the policy to patients. Furthermore, 80.14% indicated that they or their family members would choose implants procured through national centralized purchasing. Higher educational attainment was associated with a greater likelihood of choosing centralized procurement, while employment in private hospitals was associated with increased willingness to learn about and promote the policy. Conclusions Overall, most dentists demonstrated adequate understanding of and support for the NCDIP policy; however, further efforts are required to strengthen its promotion and enforcement, particularly in public hospitals, to ensure consistent adherence. Knowledge Attitudes Practices NCDIP policy Cross-sectional study Background Oral diseases represent a major global health burden and remain among the most prevalent public health problems worldwide [ 1 ]. The Fourth National Oral Health Survey in China revealed suboptimal oral hygiene conditions, indicating an urgent need for improvement [ 2 ]. Dental implants are widely regarded as one of the most significant innovations in contemporary dentistry [ 3 ], and oral rehabilitation is increasingly achieved through dental implant placement, reflecting the growing demand among patients and practitioners for aesthetically pleasing, functionally effective, minimally invasive, and durable treatment solutions [ 4 ]. However, the high cost of dental implant treatment has emerged as a major barrier preventing patients from receiving appropriate care [ 5 , 6 ]. Long-standing issues related to non-standardized fees and substantial financial burden have persisted in dental implant services, and these challenges have been further exacerbated by population aging and rising expectations for oral healthcare. Therefore, reducing the cost of dental implant treatment and establishing reasonable pricing are essential for improving access to oral healthcare and safeguarding population oral health.Controlling the prices of high-value medical consumables has become a key component of healthcare system reform in China. In January 2022, the Chinese State Council approved the expansion of centralized procurement to include high-value medical consumables, explicitly identifying dental implants as a priority category. Subsequently, in September 2022, the National Healthcare Security Administration issued regulations to standardize dental implant service fees and consumable prices, thereby strengthening price control measures. These initiatives aimed to implement centralized procurement and comprehensive fee management across both public and private healthcare institutions. Previously, centralized procurement had been implemented in China for selected pharmaceuticals, resulting in substantial reductions in drug prices [ 7 ]. Price linkage mechanisms also contributed to price reductions among non-selected drugs, thereby alleviating the financial burden on patients, particularly those with chronic or severe conditions [ 8 ]. Medical device technology represents a strategically important sector, and public procurement has been recognized as an effective policy instrument for regulating this market. Historically, various European countries have adopted multiple approaches to control medical device prices, including reference pricing, negotiated discounts, price caps, and centralized procurement [ 9 ]. As procurement practices in the healthcare sector have expanded, many governments have achieved substantial price reductions [ 10 ]. The National Centralized Dental Implants Procurement (NCDIP) policy has been implemented in several regions of China, resulting in marked reductions in dental implant prices. However, whether the NCDIP can achieve its intended clinical and practical outcomes in routine medical services, and how it is perceived by dentists, remain unclear and warrant comprehensive investigation. The knowledge–attitude–practice (KAP) model posits that knowledge and information form the foundation for the development of positive beliefs and attitudes, which in turn promote health-related behaviors, while attitudes and beliefs serve as key drivers of behavioral change [ 11 ]. To date, limited research has examined dentists’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the National Centralized Dental Implants Procurement (NCDIP) policy. Therefore, this study aimed to assess dentists’ understanding and implementation of the NCDIP policy in China, with the objective of informing policy optimization and implementation strategies. Methods and materials Study Design This study employed a cross-sectional design using a questionnaire survey to assess dentists across multiple regions in China. Stratified random sampling was applied to recruit participants from large metropolitan areas (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen), medium-sized urban areas (Qingdao, Chengdu, Hangzhou, and Changsha), and small urban areas (Yantai, Deyang, Quzhou, and Xiangtan). In each region, dentists were randomly selected from two tertiary hospitals, two secondary hospitals, two primary hospitals, and two private hospitals. The survey was conducted from May to June 2023. Sample Size Based on a prior study reporting 62.5% awareness of centralized drug procurement, the minimum required sample size was calculated as 603 (α=0.05, power=90%). A total of 1,180 dentists participated, with 1,153 valid responses included (valid rate: 97.79%). Questionnaire design The questionnaire was developed with reference to previously published surveys on national centralized drug procurement. Following an extensive literature review and discussions with three clinical dentists, and considering the current status of the domestic dental implant industry, the questionnaire underwent multiple rounds of revision and refinement. The questionnaire was designed to be concise and clear, with standardized wording and ease of completion. Content validity was evaluated by three experts in the field of dentistry. Prior to the formal survey, a pilot study was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The questionnaire, based on the knowledge–attitude–practice (KAP) framework, consisted of 22 mandatory single-choice items and two multiple-choice items and was structured into five sections: (1) dentists’ characteristics, including profession, education level, and years of work experience; (2) knowledge, assessing familiarity with the NCDIP policy using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = “very unfamiliar” to 5 = “very familiar”) and sources of policy information; (3) attitudes, assessing perceptions of the policy’s impact using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = “strongly disagree” to 5 = “strongly agree”); and (4) practices, assessing policy interpretation, patient guidance, and dental implant selection using a 5-point Likert scale, with higher scores indicating stronger engagement[12]. Detailed information on the KAP questionnaire is provided in the Supplementary Material. Data collection Data were collected using stratified random sampling. The questionnaire was distributed via the Questionnaire Star platform, and participants completed the survey by scanning a WeChat QR code. The study purpose and completion instructions were clearly provided to ensure response quality. Responses from completed questionnaires were automatically recorded on the Questionnaire Star platform. Questionnaires containing multiple selections for single-choice items, missing responses, logical inconsistencies, or completion times of less than 1 minute were deemed invalid and excluded from the analysis. Statistical analysis Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22.0 software. Categorical variables were summarized as frequencies and percentages. Univariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine factors associated with levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). Variables with a p value < 0.05 in univariate analyses were included as covariates in the multivariate logistic regression models to identify factors independently associated with KAP levels. A two-sided p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Study Population Characteristics The characteristics of the study population are presented in Table 1. A total of 1,180 dentists participated in the questionnaire survey. Seventeen questionnaires were incomplete, and ten contained logical inconsistencies. Ultimately, 1,153 dentists were included in the statistical analysis, yielding an overall questionnaire response validity rate of 97.79%. Most participants were aged 20–30 years (56.67%). Of the respondents, 385 (33.36%) were from large metropolitan areas, 388 (33.62%) were from medium-sized urban areas, and 380 (32.93%) were from small urban areas. Dentists ’ knowledges about the NCDIP policy Overall, 95.67% of dentists were aware of the NCDIP policy, and 71.18% reported being familiar with it. The primary source of information was hospital disclosure materials (Supplementary Table 1). Dentists ’ attitudes about the NCDIP policy Overall, dentists demonstrated generally positive attitudes toward the NCDIP policy. Specifically, 79.53% of respondents agreed that the policy plays a significant role in national healthcare reform. In addition, 75.04% agreed that its implementation was reasonable and could reduce the cost of dental implants. Furthermore, 69.32% believed that the policy could reduce the economic burden on patients. However, only 68.66% agreed that the policy could effectively reduce doctor–patient disputes. Dentists ’ practice about the NCDIP policy With respect to clinical practice, 88.2% of dentists reported prioritizing centrally procured implants during clinical treatment. In addition, 90.8% reported actively seeking information about the national centralized dental implant procurement policy, and 90.8% reported actively promoting the NCDIP policy to patients. Furthermore, 80.14% indicated that they and their family members would choose nationally centrally procured implants.However, given the recent implementation of the policy, some concerns were reported. Specifically, 59.27% of dentists were concerned that limitations in brand selection might affect clinical diagnosis and treatment, and 34.84% expressed concerns regarding limited clinical use duration and uncertainty about long-term efficacy. Factors associated with knowledge level Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that dentists from medium and small urban areas, those aged 31–55 and over 55, and those with intermediate professional titles demonstrated significantly higher levels of policy knowledge (Table 2). Factors associated with attitude level Attitudes were assessed across three domains: impact on healthcare reform, reduction of patients’ economic burden, and reduction of doctor–patient disputes. Overall, 878 dentists (79.53%) believed that the policy could have a significant impact on healthcare reform, whereas 226 (20.47%) did not. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that gender, education level, professional title, and hospital category were significantly associated with attitudes toward healthcare reform. Specifically, female dentists were more likely to believe that the policy would have a significant impact compared to males (OR=2.59, 95% CI: 1.82–3.72). In contrast, dentists with a master's degree or above were less likely to hold this belief than those with education below bachelor's degree (OR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.24–0.81). Similarly, dentists with senior professional titles were less likely to believe in a significant impact compared to those with primary titles (OR=0.36, 95% CI: 0.18–0.70), and those working in private hospitals were less likely than those in tertiary hospitals (OR=0.48, 95% CI: 0.32–0.71) (Table 3.1). Regarding reduction of the economic burden on patients, 986 dentists (89.31%) believed that the NCDIP policy could reduce patients’ economic burden. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that dentists aged 31–55 years were less likely to agree with this view (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.19–0.81), while female dentists were more likely to agree (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.15–2.81). In contrast, dentists working in private hospitals (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34–0.95) were less likely to agree that the policy could reduce patients' economic burden. Additionally, dentists in medium-sized urban areas (OR = 2.98, 95% CI: 1.72–5.26) and small urban areas (OR = 4.37, 95% CI: 2.41–8.19) were more likely to agree with this view compared to those in large metropolitan areas (Table 3.2). Regarding reduction of doctor–patient disputes, 758 dentists (68.66%) believed that the centralized procurement policy could reduce such disputes, whereas 346 (31.34%) did not. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that dentists with a master’s degree or higher (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.27–0.79), those with 10–20 years of work experience (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.38–0.84), and those working in private hospitals (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.35–0.71) were less likely to agree that the policy could reduce doctor–patient disputes. In contrast, female dentists were more likely to agree with this view (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.46–2.64) (Table 3.3). Factors associated with practice level Practices were assessed across three domains: prioritization of centrally procured dental implants, proactive acquisition of policy-related information, and proactive promotion of the policy to patients. Overall, 974 dentists (88.2%) reported prioritizing centrally procured implants during clinical treatment. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that dentists working in primary hospitals (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.21–0.84) and private hospitals (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.27–0.75) were less likely to prioritize the use of centrally procured dental implants. In contrast, dentists in medium-sized urban areas (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.01–2.96) and small urban areas (OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.38–4.29) were more likely to prioritize their use compared to those in large metropolitan areas (Table 4.1). Regarding proactive acquisition of policy-related information, 1003 dentists (90.8%) reported actively seeking information about the national centralized dental implant procurement policy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that female dentists were more likely to proactively seek information about the policy (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.31–3.42). Additionally, dentists in medium-sized urban areas (OR = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.72–5.78) and small urban areas (OR = 4.72, 95% CI: 2.54–9.13) were more likely to proactively seek information compared to those in large metropolitan areas (Table 4.2). Regarding proactive promotion of the policy to patients, 1003 dentists (90.8%) reported actively promoting the NCDIP policy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that dentists working in primary hospitals were less likely to proactively promote the policy (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.25–0.92). In contrast, dentists in medium-sized urban areas (OR = 5.01, 95% CI: 2.60–10.16) and small urban areas (OR = 4.20, 95% CI: 2.25–8.19) were significantly more likely to promote the policy compared to those in large metropolitan areas (Table 4.3). Discussion In this study, a comprehensive investigation was conducted to examine dentists’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the NCDIP policy. The NCDIP represents a unique policy initiative in China aimed at improving access to dental implant services and promoting the standardized and sustainable development of the dental implant industry through price regulation and centralized procurement. As key stakeholders in policy implementation, dentists’ attitudes and behaviors play a critical role in determining the effectiveness of the NCDIP policy[ 13 ]. Accordingly, this study evaluated dentists’ responses to the policy across three dimensions—knowledge, attitudes, and practices—providing important empirical evidence for assessing policy implementation and identifying factors that may influence its effectiveness. With respect to policy awareness, 95.67% of dentists were aware of the NCDIP policy, and 71.18% reported being familiar with it. Hospital disclosure was identified as the primary source of information, suggesting that the policy has been effectively disseminated among dentists and is generally well accepted. Notably, compared with previous reports on centralized drug procurement policies, dentists demonstrated a higher level of awareness of the centralized dental implant procurement policy, indicating improved policy communication and engagement within the dental profession.[ 14 ] A positive attitude among dentists is considered an important driving force for the effective implementation of the NCDIP policy. At the attitudinal level, our study showed that most dentists believed the policy could reduce patients’ economic burden, alleviate doctor–patient disputes, and exert a significant impact on healthcare reform. Compared with its perceived effects on healthcare reform and doctor–patient relationships, a greater proportion of dentists regarded the policy as having a more direct impact on reducing patients’ financial burden. Price reduction represents a direct consequence of policy implementation and is a key factor influencing patients’ willingness to receive dental implant treatment [ 15 ]. Previous studies have reported that many patients are unwilling to accept the prevailing market price of dental implants [ 16 ]. Consistent with these findings, evidence indicates that dental implant prices have decreased substantially since the implementation of centralized procurement policies [ 17 ]. Before centralized procurement, the average price of domestic dental implants in 2020 was approximately 10,616 yuan per unit; following policy implementation, the average price decreased to about 5,867 yuan, representing a reduction of nearly 45% [ 18 ]. Such comprehensive price regulation may lower financial barriers to care, thereby increasing access to dental implant treatment for patients who were previously deterred by high costs [ 19 ]. Notably, our results indicated that dentists working in private hospitals showed a lower level of agreement regarding the policy’s ability to reduce patients’ economic burden. A possible explanation is that dental implant prices in private hospitals were generally higher prior to policy implementation, and residual costs may remain relatively elevated even after price reductions, thereby attenuating dentists’ perceived benefits of the policy in these settings. An increase in knowledge level is known to influence attitudes, which in turn shapes related practices [ 20 , 21 ]. Consistent with the KAP framework, our study demonstrated that the NCDIP policy was associated with positive changes in dentists’ behaviors. More than 90% of dentists reported proactively using centrally procured dental implants, actively understanding the policy, and promoting it to patients, suggesting a high level of recognition and practical acceptance of the NCDIP policy among dentists. Compared with previous findings on centralized drug procurement policies, the NCDIP policy appears to have gained broader acceptance among dental professionals [ 22 ]. Differences in knowledge level were significantly associated with variations in practice, indicating that educational interventions may represent an effective strategy for improving policy compliance and clinical implementation. Enhancing dentists’ understanding of the policy may therefore facilitate better practice behaviors, thereby supporting the sustained implementation of NCDIP and broader healthcare reform objectives [ 23 ]. In addition, dentists working in private hospitals exhibited notable behavioral changes, which aligns with our attitudinal findings and further supports the notion that cognition and attitudes play a critical role in shaping professional behavior [ 24 ]. Overall, this study provides empirical evidence on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dentists toward the NCDIP policy and identifies key factors influencing its implementation. First, the high level of support and active engagement among dentists suggests that the NCDIP policy is beneficial for patients and may contribute to improving doctor–patient relationships, supporting its continued advancement. Second, our findings indicate that further efforts are needed to strengthen policy implementation among dentists in public hospitals. Finally, in the context of the continuously rising global expenditure on dental implants, the experience of China’s centralized procurement policy may offer valuable insights and reference for other countries or regions seeking to control dental implant costs and improve access to oral healthcare. Conclusions Overall, most dentists demonstrated good knowledge, positive attitudes, and appropriate practices toward the NCDIP policy. At present, the policy has shown overall effective implementation; however, promotion and enforcement remain insufficient in public hospitals and should be further strengthened. This study is the first to investigate dentists’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding the NCDIP policy in China, providing a comprehensive reflection of its implementation and impact. These findings are of substantial significance for the optimization and refinement of future policy development. Nevertheless, several limitations should be acknowledged. First, this study included dentists primarily from tertiary and secondary hospitals in large and medium-sized cities in central China; therefore, the findings may not be generalizable to primary hospitals or rural settings. Second, the survey focused exclusively on dentists, and patients’ perceptions of the policy were not assessed, which may limit a comprehensive evaluation of policy implementation outcomes. Abbreviations NCDIP: National Centralized Dental Implants Procurement; KAP: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices. Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was granted by the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee of Hunan Normal University (Approval No.: 2025-912). Electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment. Participants were fully informed about the study objectives and were assured of their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. Consent for publication Not applicable. Funding The authors received no financial support for this research. Availability of data and materials The original data presented in this study are included in the article and its Supplementary Materials. Further inquiries may be directed to the corresponding author. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Author’s contributions Conceptualization, T.X.; Methodology,T.X.;Validation, L.G., W.J., and B.F.; Data curation, L.G. and B.F.; Formal analysis, T.X. and B.F.; Investigation,Z.Y.,Y.M.and Y.H.; Resources, M.L.and B.F.; Writingoriginal draft,T.X.;Writingreview and editing, B.F.,M.L. and Z.X.; Supervision,M.L. and B.F. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Acknowledgements Not applicable. Clinical trial number Not applicable. Author’s information 1 School of Stomatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha, China; 2 College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China; 3 Changsha Stomatological Hospital,Changsha,China; 4 Qinghai Institute of Health Science. E-mail address: [email protected] (T.X.); [email protected] (Y.M)； [email protected] (Z.Y.)； [email protected] (Z.X.); [email protected] (L.G.); [email protected] (Y.H.); [email protected] (W.J.); [email protected] (B.F.); [email protected] (M.L.) References W. Marcenes, N.J. Kassebaum, E. Bernabé, A. Flaxman, M. Naghavi, A. Lopez, and C.J.L. Murray, Global Burden of Oral Conditions in 1990-2010: A Systematic Analysis. Journal of Dental Research 92 (2013) 592-597. J. Liu, S.S. Zhang, S.G. Zheng, T. Xu, and Y. Si, Oral Health Status and Oral Health Care Model in China. The Chinese journal of dental research 19 (2016) 207-215. V. John, S. Chen, and P. Parashos, Implant or the natural tooth--a contemporary treatment planning dilemma. Australian dental journal 52 (2007) S138-50. C.M. Misch, Editorial: The global dental implant market: Everything has a price. International journal of oral implantology (Berlin, Germany) 13 (2020) 311-312. S.G. Kim, and C. Solomon, Cost-effectiveness of endodontic molar retreatment compared with fixed partial dentures and single-tooth implant alternatives. Journal of endodontics 37 (2011) 321-5. R. LuBovich, Sr., Smile designing for the malcontent patient. Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995) 31 (2010) 412-6. B. Zhao, and J. Wu, Impact of China’s National Volume-Based Procurement on Drug Procurement Price, Volume, and Expenditure: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis in Tianjin %J International Journal of Health Policy and Management. 12 (2023) 1-10. Y. Yang, L. Chen, X. Ke, Z. Mao, and B. Zheng, The impacts of Chinese drug volume-based procurement policy on the use of policy-related antibiotic drugs in Shenzhen, 2018-2019: an interrupted time-series analysis. BMC health services research 21 (2021) 668. G. Cappellaro, S. Ghislandi, and E. Anessi-Pessina, Diffusion of medical technology: the role of financing. Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 100 (2011) 51-9. A. Brown, B.J. Meenan, D. Dixon, T.P. Young, and M. Brennan, Application of the Experience Curve to Price Trends in Medical Devices: Implications for Product Development and Marketing Strategies. Journal of Medical Marketing 8 (2008) 241-255. E.P. Bettinghaus, Health promotion and the knowledge-attitude-behavior continuum. Preventive medicine 15 (1986) 475-91. M.M. AlRasheed, A.H. AlShahrani, S.A. AlMuhaini, H.A. AlKofide, T.M. Alhawassi, A. Aldemerdash, O.A. Alhaj, N.L. Bragazzi, and H.A. Jahrami, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards COVID-19 Among Pharmacists: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk management and healthcare policy 14 (2021) 3079-3090. W. Zhang, Q. Xu, J. Peng, X. Zhang, L. Chen, Y. Wu, K. Yang, J. Luan, and X. Liu, Problems and challenges encountered by Chinese medical institutions in implementing the national centralized drug procurement. Frontiers in pharmacology 14 (2023) 1233491. A. Huang, X. Wang, Y. Tao, L. Lin, and H. Cheng, Healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitude and practice towards National Centralized Drug Procurement policy in central China: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in pharmacology 13 (2022) 996824. S.F. Yih Ting, K.C. Wen Chien, N.H. Ramzi, A. Pau, and R. Kunnath Menon, Personality Traits and Annual Income Determine the Willingness to Pay for a Single Tooth Implant. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) 9 (2021). K.C. Leung, and C.P. McGrath, Willingness to pay for implant therapy: a study of patient preference. Clinical oral implants research 21 (2010) 789-93. Y.Guo, Na Yu , The dental implant collection is coming soon?. China Times, 8-22(2022). H.Chen, Half year observation on the landing of dental implant collection: Previously, "planting one tooth was like a luxury car", but now it has been discounted by 50%. National Business Daily 9-22(2023)007 Y.JI, Collection and landing of dental implants. The 21st Century Business Herald, 02-06(2023)002. B. Tahani, and S.S. Manesh, Knowledge, attitude and practice of dentists toward providing care to the geriatric patients. BMC geriatrics 21 (2021) 399. P.G. Iradukunda, G. Pierre, V. Muhozi, K. Denhere, and T. Dzinamarira, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards COVID-19 Among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Kigali, Rwanda. Journal of community health 46 (2021) 245-250. S. Dunne, B. Shannon, A. Hannigan, C. Dunne, and W. Cullen, Physician and pharmacist perceptions of generic medicines: what they think and how they differ. Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 116 (2014) 214-23. K. Gidey, M. Seifu, B.Y. Hailu, S.W. Asgedom, and Y.L. Niriayo, Healthcare professionals knowledge, attitude and practice of adverse drug reactions reporting in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open 10 (2020) e034553. H. Aldhamy, G. Maniatopoulos, V.L. McCune, I. Mansi, M. Althaqafy, and M.S. Pearce, Knowledge, attitude and practice of infection prevention and control precautions among laboratory staff: a mixed-methods systematic review. Antimicrobial resistance and infection control 12 (2023) 57. Tables Table1 Basic chara cteristics of participants Variable Number(n=1153) Percentage(%) Age 20-30 654 56.72 31-55 356 30.88 >55 143 12.40 Gender Male 708 61.41 Female 445 38.59 Education level Below Bachelor 861 74.67 Bachelor 229 19.86 Master or above 63 5.46 Professional title Primary 375 32.52 Intermediate 472 40.94 Senior 306 26.54 Hospital Category Tertiary hospitals 485 42.06 Secondary hospitals 188 16.31 Primary hospitals 79 6.85 Private hospitals 401 34.78 Professional working experience (years) ≤5 164 14.22 5–10 263 22.81 10-20 20-30 ＞30 371 177 178 32.18 15.35 15.44 City Large metropolitan areas 385 33.39 Medium-size urban areas 388 33.65 Small urban areas 380 32.96 Table2. Factors associated with knowledge level Factors Knowledge Unadjusted OR(95% CI) P Adjusted OR(95%CI) P Poor, N (%) Good, N (%) City Large metropolitan areas 41(10.65) 344(89.35) Ref. Ref. Medium-size urban areas 5(1.29) 383(98.71) 9.13 (3.91-26.67) <0.001 5.40 (1.91-18.47) 0.003* Small urban areas 3(0.79) 377(99.21) 14.98 (5.39-62.26) <0.001 11.11 (3.48-51.30) 55 12(8.39) 131(91.61) 0.40 (0.20-0.85) 0.012 0.05 (0.00-0.55) 0.028* Gender Male 24(3.39) 684(96.61) Ref. Ref. Female 25(5.62) 420(94.38) 0.59 (0.33-1.05) 0.071 0.56 (0.30-1.02) 0.058 Education level Below Bachelor 41(4.76) 820(95.24) Ref. Ref. Bachelor 4(1.75) 225(98.25) 1.15 (0.51-2.36) 0.716 1.32 (0.56-2.89) 0.502 Master or above 4(6.35) 59(93.65) 1.98 (0.74-5.38) 0.167 2.13 (0.72-6.44) 0.17 Professional title Primary 23(6.13) 352(93.87) Ref. Ref. Intermediate 12(2.54) 460(97.46) 2.50 (1.25-5.27) 0.011 6.27 (1.71-26.21) 0.008* Senior 14(4.58) 292(95.42) 1.36 (0.70-2.76) 0.374 2.82 (0.48-19.49) 0.268 Hospital Category Tertiary hospitals 20(4.12) 465(95.88) Ref. Ref. Secondary hospitals 14(7.45) 174(92.55) 0.53 (0.27-1.10) 0.082 0.69 (0.33-1.48) 0.337 Primary hospitals 7(8.86) 72(91.14) 0.44 (0.19-1.16) 0.074 0.89 (0.36-2.40) 0.798 Private hospitals 8(2.00) 393(98.00) 2.11 (0.95-5.15) 0.078 0.98 (0.39-2.70) 0.969 Professional working experience (years) ≤10 16(3.75) 411(96.25) Ref. Ref. 10~20 20(5.39) 351(94.61) 0.68 (0.34-1.34) 0.267 0.65 (0.26-1.79) 0.377 ＞20 13(3.66) 342(96.34) 1.02 (0.49-2.20) 0.95 6.22 (0.83-132.85) 0.124 Table3.1 Factors associated with attitude level(Health care reform) Factors Attitude Unadjusted OR(95% Cl) P Adjusted OR(95% Cl) P Poor, N (%) Good, N (%) Age 20-30 124 (19.65) 507 (80.35) Ref. Ref. 31-55 75 (21.93) 267 (78.07) 0.87 (0.63-1.21) 0.4 1.18 (0.70-2.03) 0.537 >55 104 (44.26) 131 (55.74) 0.94 (0.60-1.53) 0.802 1.65 (0.70-3.94) 0.257 Gender Male 173 (25.29) 511 (74.71) Ref. Ref. Female 53 (12.62) 367 (87.38) 2.34 (1.69-3.30) <0.001 2.59 (1.82-3.72) <0.001* Education level Below Bachelor 24 (96.00) 1 (4.00) Ref. Ref. Bachelor 131 (96.32) 5 (3.68) 0.71 (0.43-1.12) 0.15 0.74 (0.44-1.21) 0.243 Master or above 71 (97.26) 2 (2.74) 0.53 (0.31-0.86) 0.013 0.44 (0.24-0.81) 0.009 Professional title Primary 55 (15.63) 297 (84.38) Ref. Ref. Intermediate 98 (21.30) 362 (78.70) 0.68 (0.47-0.98) 0.041 0.65 (0.41-1.02) 0.065 Senior 73 (25.00) 219 (75.00) 0.56 (0.37-0.82) 0.003 0.36 (0.18-0.70) 0.003* Hospital Category Tertiary hospitals 86 (18.49) 379 (81.51) Ref. Ref. Secondary hospitals 25 (14.37) 149 (85.63) 1.35 (0.84-2.23) 0.222 1.17 (0.71-2.00) 0.54 Primary hospitals 17 (23.61) 55 (76.39) 0.73 (0.41-1.36) 0.306 0.62 (0.33-1.20) 0.14 Private hospitals 98 (24.94) 295 (75.06) 0.68 (0.49-0.95) 0.022 0.48 (0.32-0.71) <0.001* Professional working experience (years) ≤10 72 (68.57) 33 (31.43) Ref. Ref. 10~20 81 (23.08) 270 (76.92) 0.71 (0.50-1.01) 0.057 0.92 (0.58-1.45) 0.704 ＞20 73 (21.35) 269 (78.65) 0.78 (0.54-1.13) 0.185 1.24 (0.60-2.59) 0.558 City Large metropolitan areas 69 (20.06) 275 (79.94) Ref. Ref. Medium-size urban areas 87 (22.72) 296 (77.28) 0.85 (0.60-1.22) 0.384 1.34 (0.86-2.10) 0.2 Small urban areas 70 (18.57) 307 (81.43) 1.10 (0.76-1.59) 0.612 1.55 (0.98-2.47) 0.063 Table3.2 Factors associated with attitude level(Reduce the economic burden on patients) Factors Attitude Unadjusted OR(95% CI) P Adjusted OR(95%CI) P Poor, N (%) Good, N (%) City Large metropolitan areas 63 (18.31) 281 (81.69) Ref. Ref. Medium-size urban areas 33 (8.62) 350 (91.38) 2.38 (1.53-3.76) <0.001 2.98 (1.72-5.26) <0.001* Small urban areas 22 (5.84) 355 (94.16) 3.62 (2.21-6.14) <0.001 4.37 (2.41-8.19) 55 112 (46.09) 131 (53.91) 0.57 (0.33-1.03) 0.051 0.53 (0.17-1.67) 0.277 Gender Male 85 (12.43) 599 (87.57) Ref. Ref. Female 33 (7.86) 387 (92.14) 1.66 (1.10-2.57) 0.018 1.78 (1.15-2.81) 0.011* Education level Below Bachelor 14 (8.70) 147 (91.30) Ref. Ref. Bachelor 71 (10.77) 588 (89.23) 0.79 (0.42-1.40) 0.439 0.74 (0.38-1.35) 0.342 Master or above 33 (11.62) 251 (88.38) 0.72 (0.36-1.37) 0.336 0.54 (0.25-1.13) 0.109 Professional title Primary 41 (11.65) 311 (88.35) Ref. Ref. Intermediate 41 (8.91) 419 (91.09) 1.35 (0.85-2.13) 0.201 1.39 (0.75-2.60) 0.296 Senior 36 (12.33) 256 (87.67) 0.94 (0.58-1.52) 0.791 0.92 (0.37-2.27) 0.861 Hospital Category Tertiary hospitals 48 (10.32) 417 (89.68) Ref. Ref. Secondary hospitals 17 (9.77) 157 (90.23) 1.06 (0.60-1.95) 0.837 1.18 (0.65-2.23) 0.595 Primary hospitals 11 (15.28) 61 (84.72) 0.64 (0.32-1.35) 0.214 0.98 (0.47-2.15) 0.947 Private hospitals 42 (10.69) 351 (89.31) 0.96 (0.62-1.49) 0.862 0.57 (0.34-0.95) 0.032 Professional working experience (years) ≤10 41 (9.98) 370 (90.02) Ref. Ref. 10~20 38 (10.83) 313 (89.17) 0.91 (0.57-1.46) 0.701 1.29 (0.68-2.53) 0.45 ＞20 39 (11.40) 303 (88.60) 0.86 (0.54-1.37) 0.527 2.01 (0.77-5.39) 0.16 Table3.3 Factors associated with attitude level(Reduce doctor-patient disputes) Factors Knowledge Unadjusted OR(95% CI) P Adjusted OR(95%CI) P Poor, N (%) Good, N (%) City Large metropolitan areas 77 (22.38) 267 (77.62) Ref. Ref. Medium-size urban areas 144 (37.60) 239 (62.40) 0.48 (0.34-0.66) <0.001 0.68 (0.46-1.02) 0.061 Small urban areas 125 (33.16) 252 (66.84) 0.58 (0.42-0.81) 0.001 0.76 (0.51-1.14) 0.192 Age 20-30 188 (29.79) 443 (70.21) Ref. Ref. 31-55 126 (36.84) 216 (63.16) 0.73 (0.55-0.96) 0.025 0.94 (0.59-1.49) 0.792 >55 32 (24.43) 99 (75.57) 1.31 (0.86-2.05) 0.218 1.39 (0.66-2.98) 0.39 Gender Male 248 (36.26) 436 (63.74) Ref. Ref. Female 98 (23.33) 322 (76.67) 1.87 (1.42-2.47) <0.001 1.95 (1.46-2.64) <0.001* Education level Below Bachelor 42 (26.09) 119 (73.91) Ref. Ref. Bachelor 201 (30.50) 458 (69.50) 0.80 (0.54-1.18) 0.272 0.77 (0.50-1.17) 0.227 Master or above 103 (36.27) 181 (63.73) 0.62 (0.40-0.95) 0.028 0.47 (0.27-0.79) 0.005* Professional title Primary 86 (24.43) 266 (75.57) Ref. Ref. Intermediate 155 (33.70) 305 (66.30) 0.64 (0.47-0.87) 0.004 0.91 (0.61-1.34) 0.623 Senior 105 (35.96) 187 (64.04) 0.58 (0.41-0.81) 0.002 0.56 (0.32-1.00) 0.05 Hospital Category Tertiary hospitals 132 (28.39) 333 (71.61) Ref. Ref. Secondary hospitals 37 (21.26) 137 (78.74) 1.47 (0.98-2.25) 0.07 1.30 (0.83-2.05) 0.258 Primary hospitals 18 (25.00) 54 (75.00) 1.19 (0.68-2.15) 0.551 0.84 (0.46-1.58) 0.57 Private hospitals 159 (40.46) 234 (59.54) 0.58 (0.44-0.78) <0.001 0.50 (0.35-0.71) <0.001* Professional working experience (years) ≤10 100 (24.33) 311 (75.67) Ref. Ref. 10~20 138 (39.32) 213 (60.68) 0.50 (0.36-0.68) <0.001 0.56 (0.38-0.84) 0.005* ＞20 108 (31.58) 234 (68.42) 0.70 (0.51-0.96) 0.027 1.00 (0.53-1.89) 0.999 Table4.1 Factors associated with practice level(Priority should be given to using the centralized dental implants ) Factors Knowledge Unadjusted OR(95% CI) P Adjusted OR(95% Cl) P Poor, N (%) Good, N (%) City Large metropolitan areas 55 (16.0) 289 (84.0) Ref. Ref. Medium-size urban areas 43 (11.2) 340 (88.8) 1.50 (0.98-2.32) 0.062 1.72 (1.01-2.96) 0.048* Small urban areas 32 (8.5) 345 (91.5) 2.05 (1.30-3.29) 0.002 2.41 (1.38-4.29) 0.002* Age 20-30 81 (12.8) 550 (87.2) Ref. Ref. 31-55 36 (10.5) 306 (89.5) 1.25 (0.83-1.92) 0.291 1.10 (0.58-2.14) 0.764 >55 13 (9.9) 118 (90.1) 1.34 (0.74-2.59) 0.358 1.41 (0.45-4.51) 0.554 Gender Male 89 (13.0) 595 (87.0) Ref. Ref. Female 41 (9.8) 379 (90.2) 1.38 (0.94-2.06) 0.105 1.48 (0.99-2.25) 0.062 Education level Below Bachelor 13 (8.1) 148 (91.9) Ref. Ref. Bachelor 84 (12.8) 575 (87.3) 0.60 (0.31-1.07) 0.103 0.59 (0.30-1.09) 0.111 Master or above 33 (11.6) 251 (88.4) 0.67 (0.33-1.28) 0.24 0.56 (0.25-1.19) 0.141 Professional title Primary 47 (13.4) 305 (86.7) Ref. Ref. Intermediate 53 (11.5) 407 (88.5) 1.18 (0.78-1.80) 0.432 0.99 (0.57-1.70) 0.96 Senior 30 (10.3) 262 (89.7) 1.35 (0.83-2.21) 0.232 0.68 (0.29-1.58) 0.369 Hospital Category Tertiary hospitals 41 (8.8) 424 (91.2) Ref. Ref. Secondary hospitals 21 (12.1) 153 (87.9) 0.70 (0.41-1.25) 0.218 0.69 (0.38-1.25) 0.209 Primary hospitals 16 (22.2) 56 (77.8) 0.34 (0.18-0.66) <0.001 0.41 (0.21-0.84) 0.012* Private hospitals 52 (13.2) 341 (86.8) 0.63 (0.41-0.98) 0.039 0.45 (0.27-0.75) 0.002* Professional working experience (years) ≤10 51 (12.4) 360 (87.6) Ref. Ref. 10~20 49 (14.0) 302 (86.0) 0.87 (0.57-1.33) 0.527 0.95 (0.56-1.65) 0.862 ＞20 30 (8.8) 312 (91.2) 1.47 (0.92-2.39) 0.11 1.65 (0.66-4.21) 0.287 Table4.2 Factors associated with practice level(Proactively understand the policy) Factors Knowledge Unadjusted OR(95% CI) P Adjusted OR(95% Cl) P Poor, N (%) Good, N (%) City Large metropolitan areas 68 (15.6) 276 (84.4) Ref. Ref. Medium-size urban areas 15 (3.9) 368 (96.1) 2.73 (1.70-4.48) <0.001 3.12 (1.72-5.78) <0.001* Small urban areas 18 (4.8) 359 (95.2) 3.70 (2.21-6.42) <0.001 4.72 (2.54-9.13) 55 16 (12.2) 115 (87.8) 0.66 (0.38-1.19) 0.148 1.41 (0.41-4.87) 0.585 Gender Male 69 (10.1) 615 (89.9) Ref. Ref. Female 32 (7.6) 388 (92.4) 2.01 (1.28-3.24) 0.003 2.08 (1.31-3.42) 0.003* Education level Below Bachelor 18 (11.2) 143 (88.8) Ref. Ref. Bachelor 59 (9.0) 600 (91.0) 1.34 (0.77-2.26) 0.282 1.42 (0.79-2.49) 0.23 Master or above 24 (8.5) 260 (91.5) 1.61 (0.85-3.03) 0.141 1.53 (0.73-3.21) 0.263 Professional title Primary 48 (13.6) 304 (86.4) Ref. Ref. Intermediate 31 (6.7) 429 (93.3) 1.70 (1.06-2.74) 0.029 1.20 (0.62-2.29) 0.586 Senior 22 (7.5) 270 (92.5) 1.18 (0.72-1.96) 0.507 0.71 (0.27-1.85) 0.478 Hospital Category Tertiary hospitals 39 (8.4) 426 (91.6) Ref. Ref. Secondary hospitals 18 (10.3) 156 (89.7) 0.77 (0.44-1.39) 0.369 0.88 (0.48-1.64) 0.673 Primary hospitals 19 (26.4) 53 (73.6) 0.52 (0.26-1.12) 0.076 0.86 (0.42-1.91) 0.704 Private hospitals 25 (6.4) 368 (93.6) 0.93 (0.58-1.50) 0.774 0.64 (0.36-1.12) 0.12 Professional working experience (years) ≤10 41 (10.0) 370 (90.0) Ref. Ref. 10~20 34 (9.7) 317 (90.3) 0.84 (0.52-1.36) 0.475 0.73 (0.39-1.35) 0.306 ＞20 26 (7.6) 316 (92.4) 0.96 (0.58-1.58) 0.867 0.98 (0.35-2.79) 0.968 Table4.3 Factors associated with practice level(Proactively promote policies) Factors Knowledge Unadjusted OR(95% CI) P Adjusted OR(95% Cl) P Poor, N (%) Good, N (%) City Large metropolitan areas 59(17.15) 285(82.85) Ref. Ref. Medium-size urban areas 27(7.05) 356(92.95) 6.04 (3.48-11.19) <0.001 5.01 (2.60-10.16) <0.001* Small urban areas 20(5.31) 357(94.69) 4.91 (2.92-8.69) <0.001 4.20 (2.25-8.19) 55 18(13.74) 113(86.26) 0.76 (0.43-1.40) 0.348 0.74 (0.19-2.87) 0.661 Gender Male 80(11.70) 604(88.30) Ref. Ref. Female 26(6.19) 394(93.81) 1.36 (0.89-2.13) 0.168 1.48 (0.94-2.39) 0.1 Education level Below Bachelor 20(12.42) 141(87.58) Ref. Ref. Bachelor 63(9.56) 596(90.44) 1.28 (0.71-2.20) 0.386 1.29 (0.69-2.33) 0.404 Master or above 23(8.10) 261(91.90) 1.36 (0.71-2.59) 0.345 1.10 (0.52-2.34) 0.798 Professional title Primary 42(11.93) 310(88.07) Ref. Ref. Intermediate 34(7.39) 426(92.61) 2.19 (1.37-3.54) 0.001 1.59 (0.80-3.15) 0.184 Senior 30(10.27) 262(89.73) 1.94 (1.15-3.35) 0.015 1.65 (0.57-4.93) 0.363 Hospital Category Tertiary hospitals 40(8.60) 425(91.40) Ref. Ref. Secondary hospitals 19(10.92) 155(89.08) 0.79 (0.45-1.46) 0.44 1.00 (0.55-1.89) 0.997 Primary hospitals 11(15.28) 61(84.72) 0.26 (0.14-0.48) <0.001 0.47 (0.25-0.92) 0.024 Private hospitals 36(9.16) 357(90.84) 1.35 (0.81-2.29) 0.262 0.86 (0.47-1.60) 0.638 Professional working experience (years) ≤10 37(9.00) 374(91.00) Ref. Ref. 10~20 37(10.54) 314(89.46) 1.03 (0.64-1.68) 0.894 0.87 (0.46-1.66) 0.659 ＞20 32(9.36) 310(90.64) 1.35 (0.81-2.28) 0.256 1.17 (0.39-3.60) 0.784 Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 02 May, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Apr, 2026 Reviews received at journal 26 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 23 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 22 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 20 Apr, 2026 Editor invited by journal 30 Mar, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 30 Mar, 2026 First submitted to journal 30 Mar, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9142499","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":632070018,"identity":"ede859d5-81a5-4633-bc66-0f4675191456","order_by":0,"name":"Ting Xiao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ting","middleName":"","lastName":"Xiao","suffix":""},{"id":632070019,"identity":"ac7d9663-2f78-4293-9e3a-ad7936e7965f","order_by":1,"name":"Yanjun Ma","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Qinghai Institute of Health Science","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yanjun","middleName":"","lastName":"Ma","suffix":""},{"id":632070020,"identity":"91902d59-2e72-42a2-810e-ccb681780bc1","order_by":2,"name":"Zhenyu Yang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhenyu","middleName":"","lastName":"Yang","suffix":""},{"id":632070021,"identity":"401820a0-00a8-4741-a58a-d78be33368ef","order_by":3,"name":"Zi Xiang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zi","middleName":"","lastName":"Xiang","suffix":""},{"id":632070022,"identity":"c5a5266c-1c71-4b96-95f1-4545e9de1515","order_by":4,"name":"Lingling Gong","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lingling","middleName":"","lastName":"Gong","suffix":""},{"id":632070023,"identity":"4f53e704-be9a-4098-8158-d2b1a444c9a0","order_by":5,"name":"Yixuan Hou","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yixuan","middleName":"","lastName":"Hou","suffix":""},{"id":632070024,"identity":"c88c276d-ad84-4661-92b1-fa0034b6b92b","order_by":6,"name":"Weijuan Jiang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Weijuan","middleName":"","lastName":"Jiang","suffix":""},{"id":632070025,"identity":"7c91eb22-00ac-4c27-b2ca-c848a8032a30","order_by":7,"name":"Bo Feng","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Bo","middleName":"","lastName":"Feng","suffix":""},{"id":632070026,"identity":"3211a508-8c35-415e-8f16-e4590d8481ec","order_by":8,"name":"Ming Li","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAvklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACPmYGhgMMDDYJUD4zYS1sEC1ppGiBUIdJ0cLOnXi44Nf5PHOJ5KcbGCqsExvYzx4g4DDeDYdn9t0utpyRZnaD4Ux6YgNPXgJhLbw9txM33Mhhu8HYdjixQYLHgBgt56Ba/hGrhefHAaiWBqJtaUhO3HDmmdmNhGPpxm08Ofi18POf3fyZ549d4objyc9ufKixlu1nP4NfCxgwtkEZCQzwmCIE/hCnbBSMglEwCkYoAAD91Ee7e79mrgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ming","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-17 00:53:15","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9142499/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9142499/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":108491358,"identity":"4160c41a-6925-4cfa-8906-9e46f57b623d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-05-05 09:53:30","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1154216,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9142499/v1/1fe91097-1c81-4751-90d4-b1962cc8bd28.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Dentists’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice To China’s Centralized Dental Implants Procurement: A Cross-sectional Study","fulltext":[{"header":"Background","content":"\u003cp\u003eOral diseases represent a major global health burden and remain among the most prevalent public health problems worldwide [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]. The Fourth National Oral Health Survey in China revealed suboptimal oral hygiene conditions, indicating an urgent need for improvement [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. Dental implants are widely regarded as one of the most significant innovations in contemporary dentistry [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e], and oral rehabilitation is increasingly achieved through dental implant placement, reflecting the growing demand among patients and practitioners for aesthetically pleasing, functionally effective, minimally invasive, and durable treatment solutions [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e]. However, the high cost of dental implant treatment has emerged as a major barrier preventing patients from receiving appropriate care [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. Long-standing issues related to non-standardized fees and substantial financial burden have persisted in dental implant services, and these challenges have been further exacerbated by population aging and rising expectations for oral healthcare. Therefore, reducing the cost of dental implant treatment and establishing reasonable pricing are essential for improving access to oral healthcare and safeguarding population oral health.Controlling the prices of high-value medical consumables has become a key component of healthcare system reform in China. In January 2022, the Chinese State Council approved the expansion of centralized procurement to include high-value medical consumables, explicitly identifying dental implants as a priority category. Subsequently, in September 2022, the National Healthcare Security Administration issued regulations to standardize dental implant service fees and consumable prices, thereby strengthening price control measures. These initiatives aimed to implement centralized procurement and comprehensive fee management across both public and private healthcare institutions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreviously, centralized procurement had been implemented in China for selected pharmaceuticals, resulting in substantial reductions in drug prices [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]. Price linkage mechanisms also contributed to price reductions among non-selected drugs, thereby alleviating the financial burden on patients, particularly those with chronic or severe conditions [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e]. Medical device technology represents a strategically important sector, and public procurement has been recognized as an effective policy instrument for regulating this market. Historically, various European countries have adopted multiple approaches to control medical device prices, including reference pricing, negotiated discounts, price caps, and centralized procurement [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. As procurement practices in the healthcare sector have expanded, many governments have achieved substantial price reductions [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe National Centralized Dental Implants Procurement (NCDIP) policy has been implemented in several regions of China, resulting in marked reductions in dental implant prices. However, whether the NCDIP can achieve its intended clinical and practical outcomes in routine medical services, and how it is perceived by dentists, remain unclear and warrant comprehensive investigation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe knowledge\u0026ndash;attitude\u0026ndash;practice (KAP) model posits that knowledge and information form the foundation for the development of positive beliefs and attitudes, which in turn promote health-related behaviors, while attitudes and beliefs serve as key drivers of behavioral change [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e]. To date, limited research has examined dentists\u0026rsquo; knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the National Centralized Dental Implants Procurement (NCDIP) policy. Therefore, this study aimed to assess dentists\u0026rsquo; understanding and implementation of the NCDIP policy in China, with the objective of informing policy optimization and implementation strategies.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Methods and materials","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudy Design\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study employed a cross-sectional design using a questionnaire survey to assess dentists across multiple regions in China. Stratified random sampling was applied to recruit participants from large metropolitan areas (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen), medium-sized urban areas (Qingdao, Chengdu, Hangzhou, and Changsha), and small urban areas (Yantai, Deyang, Quzhou, and Xiangtan). In each region, dentists were randomly selected from two tertiary hospitals, two secondary hospitals, two primary hospitals, and two private hospitals. The survey was conducted from May to June 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSample Size\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on a prior study reporting 62.5% awareness of centralized drug procurement, the minimum required sample size was calculated as 603 (\u0026alpha;=0.05, power=90%). A total of 1,180 dentists participated, with 1,153 valid responses included (valid rate: 97.79%).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQuestionnaire design\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe questionnaire was developed with reference to previously published surveys on national centralized drug procurement. Following an extensive literature review and discussions with three clinical dentists, and considering the current status of the domestic dental implant industry, the questionnaire underwent multiple rounds of revision and refinement. The questionnaire was designed to be concise and clear, with standardized wording and ease of completion. Content validity was evaluated by three experts in the field of dentistry. Prior to the formal survey, a pilot study was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe questionnaire, based on the knowledge\u0026ndash;attitude\u0026ndash;practice (KAP) framework, consisted of 22 mandatory single-choice items and two multiple-choice items and was structured into five sections: (1) dentists\u0026rsquo; characteristics, including profession, education level, and years of work experience; (2) knowledge, assessing familiarity with the NCDIP policy using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = \u0026ldquo;very unfamiliar\u0026rdquo; to 5 = \u0026ldquo;very familiar\u0026rdquo;) and sources of policy information; (3) attitudes, assessing perceptions of the policy\u0026rsquo;s impact using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = \u0026ldquo;strongly disagree\u0026rdquo; to 5 = \u0026ldquo;strongly agree\u0026rdquo;); and (4) practices, assessing policy interpretation, patient guidance, and dental implant selection using a 5-point Likert scale, with higher scores indicating stronger engagement[12]. Detailed information on the KAP questionnaire is provided in the Supplementary Material.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData collection\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData were collected using stratified random sampling. The questionnaire was distributed via the Questionnaire Star platform, and participants completed the survey by scanning a WeChat QR code. The study purpose and completion instructions were clearly provided to ensure response quality. Responses from completed questionnaires were automatically recorded on the Questionnaire Star platform. Questionnaires containing multiple selections for single-choice items, missing responses, logical inconsistencies, or completion times of less than 1 minute were deemed invalid and excluded from the analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStatistical analysis\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStatistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22.0 software. Categorical variables were summarized as frequencies and percentages. Univariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine factors associated with levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). Variables with a p value \u0026lt; 0.05 in univariate analyses were included as covariates in the multivariate logistic regression models to identify factors independently associated with KAP levels. A two-sided p value \u0026lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudy Population Characteristics\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe characteristics of the study population are presented in Table 1. A total of 1,180 dentists participated in the questionnaire survey. Seventeen questionnaires were incomplete, and ten contained logical inconsistencies. Ultimately, 1,153 dentists were included in the statistical analysis, yielding an overall questionnaire response validity rate of 97.79%. Most participants were aged 20\u0026ndash;30 years (56.67%). Of the respondents, 385 (33.36%) were from large metropolitan areas, 388 (33.62%) were from medium-sized urban areas, and 380 (32.93%) were from small urban areas.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDentists\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026rsquo;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;knowledges about the NCDIP policy\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, 95.67% of dentists were aware of the NCDIP policy, and 71.18% reported being familiar with it. The primary source of information was hospital disclosure materials (Supplementary Table 1).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDentists\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026rsquo;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;attitudes about the NCDIP policy\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, dentists demonstrated generally positive attitudes toward the NCDIP policy. Specifically, 79.53% of respondents agreed that the policy plays a significant role in national healthcare reform. In addition, 75.04% agreed that its implementation was reasonable and could reduce the cost of dental implants. Furthermore, 69.32% believed that the policy could reduce the economic burden on patients. However, only 68.66% agreed that the policy could effectively reduce doctor\u0026ndash;patient disputes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDentists\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026rsquo;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;practice about the NCDIP policy\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith respect to clinical practice, 88.2% of dentists reported prioritizing centrally procured implants during clinical treatment. In addition, 90.8% reported actively seeking information about the national centralized dental implant procurement policy, and 90.8% reported actively promoting the NCDIP policy to patients. Furthermore, 80.14% indicated that they and their family members would choose nationally centrally procured implants.However, given the recent implementation of the policy, some concerns were reported. Specifically, 59.27% of dentists were concerned that limitations in brand selection might affect clinical diagnosis and treatment, and 34.84% expressed concerns regarding limited clinical use duration and uncertainty about long-term efficacy.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFactors associated with knowledge level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMultivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that dentists from medium and small urban areas, those aged 31\u0026ndash;55 and over 55, and those with intermediate professional titles demonstrated significantly higher levels of policy knowledge (Table 2).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFactors associated with attitude level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAttitudes were assessed across three domains: impact on healthcare reform, reduction of patients\u0026rsquo; economic burden, and reduction of doctor\u0026ndash;patient disputes. Overall, 878 dentists (79.53%) believed that the policy could have a significant impact on healthcare reform, whereas 226 (20.47%) did not. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that gender, education level, professional title, and hospital category were significantly associated with attitudes toward healthcare reform. Specifically, female dentists were more likely to believe that the policy would have a significant impact compared to males (OR=2.59, 95% CI: 1.82\u0026ndash;3.72). In contrast, dentists with a master\u0026apos;s degree or above were less likely to hold this belief than those with education below bachelor\u0026apos;s degree (OR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.24\u0026ndash;0.81). Similarly, dentists with senior professional titles were less likely to believe in a significant impact compared to those with primary titles (OR=0.36, 95% CI: 0.18\u0026ndash;0.70), and those working in private hospitals were less likely than those in tertiary hospitals (OR=0.48, 95% CI: 0.32\u0026ndash;0.71) (Table 3.1).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegarding reduction of the economic burden on patients, 986 dentists (89.31%) believed that the NCDIP policy could reduce patients\u0026rsquo; economic burden. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that dentists aged 31\u0026ndash;55 years were less likely to agree with this view (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.19\u0026ndash;0.81), while female dentists were more likely to agree (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.15\u0026ndash;2.81). In contrast, dentists working in private hospitals (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34\u0026ndash;0.95) were less likely to agree that the policy could reduce patients\u0026apos; economic burden. Additionally, dentists in medium-sized urban areas (OR = 2.98, 95% CI: 1.72\u0026ndash;5.26) and small urban areas (OR = 4.37, 95% CI: 2.41\u0026ndash;8.19) were more likely to agree with this view compared to those in large metropolitan areas (Table 3.2).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegarding reduction of doctor\u0026ndash;patient disputes, 758 dentists (68.66%) believed that the centralized procurement policy could reduce such disputes, whereas 346 (31.34%) did not. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that dentists with a master\u0026rsquo;s degree or higher (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.27\u0026ndash;0.79), those with 10\u0026ndash;20 years of work experience (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.38\u0026ndash;0.84), and those working in private hospitals (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.35\u0026ndash;0.71) were less likely to agree that the policy could reduce doctor\u0026ndash;patient disputes. In contrast, female dentists were more likely to agree with this view (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.46\u0026ndash;2.64) (Table 3.3).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFactors associated with practice level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePractices were assessed across three domains: prioritization of centrally procured dental implants, proactive acquisition of policy-related information, and proactive promotion of the policy to patients. Overall, 974 dentists (88.2%) reported prioritizing centrally procured implants during clinical treatment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMultivariate logistic regression analysis showed that dentists working in primary hospitals (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.21\u0026ndash;0.84) and private hospitals (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.27\u0026ndash;0.75) were less likely to prioritize the use of centrally procured dental implants. In contrast, dentists in medium-sized urban areas (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.01\u0026ndash;2.96) and small urban areas (OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.38\u0026ndash;4.29) were more likely to prioritize their use compared to those in large metropolitan areas (Table 4.1).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegarding proactive acquisition of policy-related information, 1003 dentists (90.8%) reported actively seeking information about the national centralized dental implant procurement policy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that female dentists were more likely to proactively seek information about the policy (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.31\u0026ndash;3.42). Additionally, dentists in medium-sized urban areas (OR = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.72\u0026ndash;5.78) and small urban areas (OR = 4.72, 95% CI: 2.54\u0026ndash;9.13) were more likely to proactively seek information compared to those in large metropolitan areas (Table 4.2).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRegarding proactive promotion of the policy to patients, 1003 dentists (90.8%) reported actively promoting the NCDIP policy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that dentists working in primary hospitals were less likely to proactively promote the policy (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.25\u0026ndash;0.92). In contrast, dentists in medium-sized urban areas (OR = 5.01, 95% CI: 2.60\u0026ndash;10.16) and small urban areas (OR = 4.20, 95% CI: 2.25\u0026ndash;8.19) were significantly more likely to promote the policy compared to those in large metropolitan areas (Table 4.3).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn this study, a comprehensive investigation was conducted to examine dentists\u0026rsquo; knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the NCDIP policy. The NCDIP represents a unique policy initiative in China aimed at improving access to dental implant services and promoting the standardized and sustainable development of the dental implant industry through price regulation and centralized procurement. As key stakeholders in policy implementation, dentists\u0026rsquo; attitudes and behaviors play a critical role in determining the effectiveness of the NCDIP policy[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e]. Accordingly, this study evaluated dentists\u0026rsquo; responses to the policy across three dimensions\u0026mdash;knowledge, attitudes, and practices\u0026mdash;providing important empirical evidence for assessing policy implementation and identifying factors that may influence its effectiveness.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWith respect to policy awareness, 95.67% of dentists were aware of the NCDIP policy, and 71.18% reported being familiar with it. Hospital disclosure was identified as the primary source of information, suggesting that the policy has been effectively disseminated among dentists and is generally well accepted. Notably, compared with previous reports on centralized drug procurement policies, dentists demonstrated a higher level of awareness of the centralized dental implant procurement policy, indicating improved policy communication and engagement within the dental profession.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA positive attitude among dentists is considered an important driving force for the effective implementation of the NCDIP policy. At the attitudinal level, our study showed that most dentists believed the policy could reduce patients\u0026rsquo; economic burden, alleviate doctor\u0026ndash;patient disputes, and exert a significant impact on healthcare reform. Compared with its perceived effects on healthcare reform and doctor\u0026ndash;patient relationships, a greater proportion of dentists regarded the policy as having a more direct impact on reducing patients\u0026rsquo; financial burden.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrice reduction represents a direct consequence of policy implementation and is a key factor influencing patients\u0026rsquo; willingness to receive dental implant treatment [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e]. Previous studies have reported that many patients are unwilling to accept the prevailing market price of dental implants [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e]. Consistent with these findings, evidence indicates that dental implant prices have decreased substantially since the implementation of centralized procurement policies [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e]. Before centralized procurement, the average price of domestic dental implants in 2020 was approximately 10,616 yuan per unit; following policy implementation, the average price decreased to about 5,867 yuan, representing a reduction of nearly 45% [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e]. Such comprehensive price regulation may lower financial barriers to care, thereby increasing access to dental implant treatment for patients who were previously deterred by high costs [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotably, our results indicated that dentists working in private hospitals showed a lower level of agreement regarding the policy\u0026rsquo;s ability to reduce patients\u0026rsquo; economic burden. A possible explanation is that dental implant prices in private hospitals were generally higher prior to policy implementation, and residual costs may remain relatively elevated even after price reductions, thereby attenuating dentists\u0026rsquo; perceived benefits of the policy in these settings.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn increase in knowledge level is known to influence attitudes, which in turn shapes related practices [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e]. Consistent with the KAP framework, our study demonstrated that the NCDIP policy was associated with positive changes in dentists\u0026rsquo; behaviors. More than 90% of dentists reported proactively using centrally procured dental implants, actively understanding the policy, and promoting it to patients, suggesting a high level of recognition and practical acceptance of the NCDIP policy among dentists. Compared with previous findings on centralized drug procurement policies, the NCDIP policy appears to have gained broader acceptance among dental professionals [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDifferences in knowledge level were significantly associated with variations in practice, indicating that educational interventions may represent an effective strategy for improving policy compliance and clinical implementation. Enhancing dentists\u0026rsquo; understanding of the policy may therefore facilitate better practice behaviors, thereby supporting the sustained implementation of NCDIP and broader healthcare reform objectives [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]. In addition, dentists working in private hospitals exhibited notable behavioral changes, which aligns with our attitudinal findings and further supports the notion that cognition and attitudes play a critical role in shaping professional behavior [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverall, this study provides empirical evidence on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dentists toward the NCDIP policy and identifies key factors influencing its implementation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst, the high level of support and active engagement among dentists suggests that the NCDIP policy is beneficial for patients and may contribute to improving doctor\u0026ndash;patient relationships, supporting its continued advancement. Second, our findings indicate that further efforts are needed to strengthen policy implementation among dentists in public hospitals. Finally, in the context of the continuously rising global expenditure on dental implants, the experience of China\u0026rsquo;s centralized procurement policy may offer valuable insights and reference for other countries or regions seeking to control dental implant costs and improve access to oral healthcare.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eOverall, most dentists demonstrated good knowledge, positive attitudes, and appropriate practices toward the NCDIP policy. At present, the policy has shown overall effective implementation; however, promotion and enforcement remain insufficient in public hospitals and should be further strengthened.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study is the first to investigate dentists\u0026rsquo; knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding the NCDIP policy in China, providing a comprehensive reflection of its implementation and impact. These findings are of substantial significance for the optimization and refinement of future policy development.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNevertheless, several limitations should be acknowledged. First, this study included dentists primarily from tertiary and secondary hospitals in large and medium-sized cities in central China; therefore, the findings may not be generalizable to primary hospitals or rural settings. Second, the survey focused exclusively on dentists, and patients\u0026rsquo; perceptions of the policy were not assessed, which may limit a comprehensive evaluation of policy implementation outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Abbreviations","content":"\u003cp\u003eNCDIP: National Centralized Dental Implants Procurement;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKAP: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEthical approval was granted by the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee of Hunan Normal University (Approval No.: 2025-912).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElectronic informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment. Participants were fully informed about the study objectives and were assured of their right to withdraw at any time without penalty.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors received no financial support for this research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of data and materials\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe original data presented in this study are included in the article and its Supplementary Materials. Further inquiries may be directed to the corresponding author.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor\u0026rsquo;s contributions\u003c/strong\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConceptualization, T.X.; Methodology,T.X.;Validation, L.G., W.J., and B.F.; Data curation, L.G. and B.F.; Formal analysis, T.X. and B.F.; Investigation,Z.Y.,Y.M.and Y.H.; Resources, M.L.and B.F.; Writingoriginal draft,T.X.;Writingreview and editing, B.F.,M.L. and Z.X.; Supervision,M.L. and B.F.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClinical trial number\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor\u0026rsquo;s information\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003eSchool of Stomatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine,Changsha, China;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003eCollege of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003eChangsha Stomatological Hospital,Changsha,China;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003eQinghai Institute of Health Science.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eE-mail address: [email protected](T.X.);[email protected](Y.M)；[email protected](Z.Y.)；[email protected](Z.X.);[email protected](L.G.); [email protected](Y.H.); [email protected](W.J.); [email protected](B.F.);[email protected](M.L.)\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eW. Marcenes, N.J. Kassebaum, E. Bernab\u0026eacute;, A. Flaxman, M. Naghavi, A. Lopez, and C.J.L. Murray, Global Burden of Oral Conditions in 1990-2010: A Systematic Analysis. Journal of Dental Research 92 (2013) 592-597.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJ. Liu, S.S. Zhang, S.G. Zheng, T. Xu, and Y. Si, Oral Health Status and Oral Health Care Model in China. The Chinese journal of dental research 19 (2016) 207-215.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eV. John, S. Chen, and P. Parashos, Implant or the natural tooth--a contemporary treatment planning dilemma. Australian dental journal 52 (2007) S138-50.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eC.M. Misch, Editorial: The global dental implant market: Everything has a price. International journal of oral implantology (Berlin, Germany) 13 (2020) 311-312.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS.G. Kim, and C. Solomon, Cost-effectiveness of endodontic molar retreatment compared with fixed partial dentures and single-tooth implant alternatives. Journal of endodontics 37 (2011) 321-5.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eR. LuBovich, Sr., Smile designing for the malcontent patient. Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995) 31 (2010) 412-6.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eB. Zhao, and J. Wu, Impact of China\u0026rsquo;s National Volume-Based Procurement on Drug Procurement Price, Volume, and Expenditure: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis in Tianjin %J International Journal of Health Policy and Management. 12 (2023) 1-10.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eY. Yang, L. Chen, X. Ke, Z. Mao, and B. Zheng, The impacts of Chinese drug volume-based procurement policy on the use of policy-related antibiotic drugs in Shenzhen, 2018-2019: an interrupted time-series analysis. BMC health services research 21 (2021) 668.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eG. Cappellaro, S. Ghislandi, and E. Anessi-Pessina, Diffusion of medical technology: the role of financing. Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 100 (2011) 51-9.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA. Brown, B.J. Meenan, D. Dixon, T.P. Young, and M. Brennan, Application of the Experience Curve to Price Trends in Medical Devices: Implications for Product Development and Marketing Strategies. Journal of Medical Marketing 8 (2008) 241-255.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eE.P. Bettinghaus, Health promotion and the knowledge-attitude-behavior continuum. Preventive medicine 15 (1986) 475-91.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eM.M. AlRasheed, A.H. AlShahrani, S.A. AlMuhaini, H.A. AlKofide, T.M. Alhawassi, A. Aldemerdash, O.A. Alhaj, N.L. Bragazzi, and H.A. Jahrami, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards COVID-19 Among Pharmacists: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk management and healthcare policy 14 (2021) 3079-3090.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eW. Zhang, Q. Xu, J. Peng, X. Zhang, L. Chen, Y. Wu, K. Yang, J. Luan, and X. Liu, Problems and challenges encountered by Chinese medical institutions in implementing the national centralized drug procurement. Frontiers in pharmacology 14 (2023) 1233491.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA. Huang, X. Wang, Y. Tao, L. Lin, and H. Cheng, Healthcare professionals\u0026apos; knowledge, attitude and practice towards National Centralized Drug Procurement policy in central China: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in pharmacology 13 (2022) 996824.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS.F. Yih Ting, K.C. Wen Chien, N.H. Ramzi, A. Pau, and R. Kunnath Menon, Personality Traits and Annual Income Determine the Willingness to Pay for a Single Tooth Implant. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) 9 (2021).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eK.C. Leung, and C.P. McGrath, Willingness to pay for implant therapy: a study of patient preference. Clinical oral implants research 21 (2010) 789-93.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eY.Guo, Na Yu , The dental implant collection is coming soon?. China Times, 8-22(2022).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eH.Chen, Half year observation on the landing of dental implant collection: Previously, \u0026quot;planting one tooth was like a luxury car\u0026quot;, but now it has been discounted by 50%. National Business Daily 9-22(2023)007\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eY.JI, Collection and landing of dental implants. The 21st Century Business Herald, 02-06(2023)002.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eB. Tahani, and S.S. Manesh, Knowledge, attitude and practice of dentists toward providing care to the geriatric patients. BMC geriatrics 21 (2021) 399.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eP.G. Iradukunda, G. Pierre, V. Muhozi, K. Denhere, and T. Dzinamarira, Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards COVID-19 Among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Kigali, Rwanda. Journal of community health 46 (2021) 245-250.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eS. Dunne, B. Shannon, A. Hannigan, C. Dunne, and W. Cullen, Physician and pharmacist perceptions of generic medicines: what they think and how they differ. Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 116 (2014) 214-23.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eK. Gidey, M. Seifu, B.Y. Hailu, S.W. Asgedom, and Y.L. Niriayo, Healthcare professionals knowledge, attitude and practice of adverse drug reactions reporting in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open 10 (2020) e034553.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eH. Aldhamy, G. Maniatopoulos, V.L. McCune, I. Mansi, M. Althaqafy, and M.S. Pearce, Knowledge, attitude and practice of infection prevention and control precautions among laboratory staff: a mixed-methods systematic review. Antimicrobial resistance and infection control 12 (2023) 57. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eBasic chara\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003ecteristics of participants\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"575\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNumber(n=1153)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePercentage(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20-30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e654\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31-55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e356\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e143\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGender\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e708\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e445\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBelow Bachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e861\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74.67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e229\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaster or above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional title\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e375\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Intermediate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e472\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSenior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e306\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHospital Category\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTertiary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e485\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSecondary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e188\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrivate hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e401\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional working experience (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e164\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u0026ndash;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e263\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; 10-20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; 20-30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e＞30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e371\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e177\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e178\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLarge metropolitan areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e385\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedium-size urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e388\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 53.7391%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmall urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.3478%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e380\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21.913%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable2.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFactors associated with knowledge level\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\" width=\"668\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFactors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.9521%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKnowledge\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnadjusted OR(95% CI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdjusted OR(95%CI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePoor, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGood, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLarge metropolitan areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41(10.65)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e344(89.35)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedium-size urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5(1.29)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e383(98.71)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.13 (3.91-26.67)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.40 (1.91-18.47)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmall urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3(0.79)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e377(99.21)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.98 (5.39-62.26)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.11 (3.48-51.30)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20-30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23(3.52)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e631(96.48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31-55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14(3.93)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e342(96.07)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.89 (0.46-1.79)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.737\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.18 (0.04-0.69)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12(8.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e131(91.61)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.40 (0.20-0.85)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05 (0.00-0.55)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.028*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGender\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24(3.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e684(96.61)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25(5.62)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e420(94.38)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.59 (0.33-1.05)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.071\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.56 (0.30-1.02)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.058\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBelow Bachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41(4.76)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e820(95.24)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4(1.75)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e225(98.25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.15 (0.51-2.36)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.716\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.32 (0.56-2.89)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.502\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaster or above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4(6.35)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59(93.65)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.98 (0.74-5.38)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.167\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.13 (0.72-6.44)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional title\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23(6.13)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e352(93.87)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntermediate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12(2.54)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e460(97.46)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50 (1.25-5.27)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.27 (1.71-26.21)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.008*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSenior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14(4.58)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e292(95.42)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.36 (0.70-2.76)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.374\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.82 (0.48-19.49)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.268\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHospital Category\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTertiary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20(4.12)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e465(95.88)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSecondary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14(7.45)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e174(92.55)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.53 (0.27-1.10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.082\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.69 (0.33-1.48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.337\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7(8.86)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72(91.14)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.44 (0.19-1.16)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.074\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.89 (0.36-2.40)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.798\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrivate hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8(2.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e393(98.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.11 (0.95-5.15)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.078\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.98 (0.39-2.70)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.969\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional working experience (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16(3.75)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e411(96.25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10~20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20(5.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e351(94.61)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68 (0.34-1.34)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.267\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.65 (0.26-1.79)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.377\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 17.2156%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e＞20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3772%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13(3.66)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.5749%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e342(96.34)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.7605%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.02 (0.49-2.20)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9102%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.22 (0.83-132.85)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.58084%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.124\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable3.1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFactors associated with attitude level(Health care reform)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\" width=\"680\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFactors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.4786%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAttitude\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnadjusted OR(95% Cl)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdjusted OR(95% Cl)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePoor,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;N\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGood,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;N\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20-30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e124 (19.65)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e507 (80.35)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31-55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e75 (21.93)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e267 (78.07)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87 (0.63-1.21)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.18 (0.70-2.03)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.537\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e104 (44.26)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e131 (55.74)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.60-1.53)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.802\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.65 (0.70-3.94)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.257\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGender\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e173 (25.29)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e511 (74.71)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53 (12.62)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e367 (87.38)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.34 (1.69-3.30)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.59 (1.82-3.72)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBelow Bachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24 (96.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e131 (96.32)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (3.68)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.71 (0.43-1.12)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.74 (0.44-1.21)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.243\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaster or above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71 (97.26)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (2.74)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.53 (0.31-0.86)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.44 (0.24-0.81)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional title\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55 (15.63)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e297 (84.38)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntermediate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98 (21.30)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e362 (78.70)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68 (0.47-0.98)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.041\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.65 (0.41-1.02)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.065\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSenior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73 (25.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e219 (75.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.56 (0.37-0.82)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.36 (0.18-0.70)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHospital Category\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTertiary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86 (18.49)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e379 (81.51)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSecondary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25 (14.37)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e149 (85.63)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.35 (0.84-2.23)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.222\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.17 (0.71-2.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17 (23.61)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55 (76.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.73 (0.41-1.36)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.306\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.62 (0.33-1.20)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrivate hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98 (24.94)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e295 (75.06)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68 (0.49-0.95)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.48 (0.32-0.71)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional working experience (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72 (68.57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33 (31.43)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10~20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81 (23.08)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e270 (76.92)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.71 (0.50-1.01)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.057\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.92 (0.58-1.45)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.704\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e＞20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73 (21.35)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e269 (78.65)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.78 (0.54-1.13)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.185\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.24 (0.60-2.59)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.558\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLarge metropolitan areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69 (20.06)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e275 (79.94)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedium-size urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87 (22.72)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e296 (77.28)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.85 (0.60-1.22)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.384\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.34 (0.86-2.10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.4948%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmall urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4021%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70 (18.57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0766%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e307 (81.43)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.7658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.10 (0.76-1.59)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.10015%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.612\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.0295%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.55 (0.98-2.47)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.13108%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.063\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable3.2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFactors associated with attitude level(Reduce the economic burden on patients)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\" width=\"681\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFactors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 28.3824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAttitude\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnadjusted OR(95% CI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdjusted OR(95%CI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePoor, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGood, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLarge metropolitan areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63 (18.31)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e281 (81.69)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedium-size urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33 (8.62)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e350 (91.38)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.38 (1.53-3.76)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.98 (1.72-5.26)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmall urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22 (5.84)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e355 (94.16)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.62 (2.21-6.14)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.37 (2.41-8.19)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20-30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56 (8.87)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e575 (91.13)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31-55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43 (12.57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e299 (87.43)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68 (0.45-1.04)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.39 (0.19-0.81)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.013*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e112 (46.09)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e131 (53.91)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.57 (0.33-1.03)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.051\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.53 (0.17-1.67)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.277\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGender\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e85 (12.43)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e599 (87.57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33 (7.86)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e387 (92.14)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.66 (1.10-2.57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.78 (1.15-2.81)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBelow Bachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (8.70)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e147 (91.30)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71 (10.77)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e588 (89.23)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79 (0.42-1.40)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.439\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.74 (0.38-1.35)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.342\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaster or above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33 (11.62)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e251 (88.38)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.72 (0.36-1.37)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.336\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.54 (0.25-1.13)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.109\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional title\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41 (11.65)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e311 (88.35)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntermediate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41 (8.91)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e419 (91.09)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.35 (0.85-2.13)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.201\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.39 (0.75-2.60)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.296\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSenior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36 (12.33)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e256 (87.67)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.58-1.52)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.791\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.92 (0.37-2.27)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.861\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHospital Category\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTertiary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48 (10.32)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e417 (89.68)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSecondary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17 (9.77)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e157 (90.23)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.06 (0.60-1.95)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.837\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.18 (0.65-2.23)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.595\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (15.28)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61 (84.72)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.64 (0.32-1.35)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.214\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.98 (0.47-2.15)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.947\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrivate hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42 (10.69)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e351 (89.31)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.96 (0.62-1.49)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.862\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.57 (0.34-0.95)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.032\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional working experience (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41 (9.98)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e370 (90.02)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10~20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38 (10.83)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e313 (89.17)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91 (0.57-1.46)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.701\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.29 (0.68-2.53)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.0882%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e＞20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9706%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39 (11.40)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 14.4118%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e303 (88.60)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.4412%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.86 (0.54-1.37)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.527\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.5588%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.01 (0.77-5.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.26471%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable3.3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFactors associated with attitude level(Reduce doctor-patient disputes)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\" width=\"684\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFactors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27.8184%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKnowledge\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnadjusted OR(95% CI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdjusted OR(95%CI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePoor, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGood, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLarge metropolitan areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77 (22.38)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e267 (77.62)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedium-size urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e144 (37.60)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e239 (62.40)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.48 (0.34-0.66)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68 (0.46-1.02)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.061\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmall urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e125 (33.16)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e252 (66.84)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58 (0.42-0.81)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.76 (0.51-1.14)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.192\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20-30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e188 (29.79)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e443 (70.21)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31-55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e126 (36.84)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e216 (63.16)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.73 (0.55-0.96)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.025\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.94 (0.59-1.49)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.792\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32 (24.43)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99 (75.57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.31 (0.86-2.05)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.218\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.39 (0.66-2.98)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGender\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e248 (36.26)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e436 (63.74)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98 (23.33)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e322 (76.67)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.87 (1.42-2.47)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.95 (1.46-2.64)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBelow Bachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42 (26.09)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e119 (73.91)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e201 (30.50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e458 (69.50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.80 (0.54-1.18)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.272\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.77 (0.50-1.17)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.227\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaster or above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e103 (36.27)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e181 (63.73)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.62 (0.40-0.95)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.028\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.47 (0.27-0.79)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional title\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86 (24.43)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e266 (75.57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntermediate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e155 (33.70)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e305 (66.30)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.64 (0.47-0.87)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91 (0.61-1.34)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.623\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSenior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e105 (35.96)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e187 (64.04)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58 (0.41-0.81)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.56 (0.32-1.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHospital Category\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTertiary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e132 (28.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e333 (71.61)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSecondary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37 (21.26)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e137 (78.74)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.47 (0.98-2.25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.30 (0.83-2.05)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.258\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18 (25.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54 (75.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.19 (0.68-2.15)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.551\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.84 (0.46-1.58)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrivate hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e159 (40.46)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e234 (59.54)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58 (0.44-0.78)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.50 (0.35-0.71)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional working experience (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100 (24.33)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e311 (75.67)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10~20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e138 (39.32)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e213 (60.68)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.50 (0.36-0.68)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.56 (0.38-0.84)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15.0805%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e＞20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e108 (31.58)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e234 (68.42)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.9122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.70 (0.51-0.96)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.78477%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.3265%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.53-1.89)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.0776%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.999\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable4.1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFactors associated with practice level(Priority should be given to using the centralized\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;dental implants\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\" width=\"655\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFactors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 26.5648%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKnowledge\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnadjusted OR(95% CI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdjusted OR(95% Cl)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePoor, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGood, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLarge metropolitan areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55 (16.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e289 (84.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedium-size urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43 (11.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e340 (88.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.50 (0.98-2.32)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.062\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.72 (1.01-2.96)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.048*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmall urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32 (8.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e345 (91.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.05 (1.30-3.29)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.41 (1.38-4.29)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20-30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81 (12.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e550 (87.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31-55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36 (10.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e306 (89.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.25 (0.83-1.92)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.291\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.10 (0.58-2.14)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.764\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13 (9.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e118 (90.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.34 (0.74-2.59)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.358\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.41 (0.45-4.51)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.554\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGender\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e89 (13.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e595 (87.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41 (9.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e379 (90.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.38 (0.94-2.06)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.105\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.48 (0.99-2.25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.062\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBelow Bachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13 (8.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e148 (91.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84 (12.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e575 (87.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.60 (0.31-1.07)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.103\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.59 (0.30-1.09)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.111\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaster or above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33 (11.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e251 (88.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.67 (0.33-1.28)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.56 (0.25-1.19)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.141\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional title\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47 (13.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e305 (86.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntermediate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53 (11.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e407 (88.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.18 (0.78-1.80)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.432\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.99 (0.57-1.70)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSenior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30 (10.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e262 (89.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.35 (0.83-2.21)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.232\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68 (0.29-1.58)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.369\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHospital Category\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTertiary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41 (8.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e424 (91.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSecondary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21 (12.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e153 (87.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.70 (0.41-1.25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.218\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.69 (0.38-1.25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.209\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16 (22.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56 (77.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.34 (0.18-0.66)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.41 (0.21-0.84)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.012*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrivate hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52 (13.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e341 (86.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.63 (0.41-0.98)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.039\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.45 (0.27-0.75)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional working experience (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51 (12.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e360 (87.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10~20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49 (14.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e302 (86.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87 (0.57-1.33)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.527\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.95 (0.56-1.65)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.862\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14.8092%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e＞20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.2824%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30 (8.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.4146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e312 (91.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.47 (0.92-2.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.84146%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 20.122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.65 (0.66-4.21)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.45122%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.287\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable4.2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFactors associated with practice level(Proactively understand the policy)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\" width=\"681\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFactors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.9912%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKnowledge\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnadjusted OR(95% CI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdjusted OR(95% Cl)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePoor, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGood, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLarge metropolitan areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68 (15.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e276 (84.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedium-size urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15 (3.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e368 (96.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.73 (1.70-4.48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.12 (1.72-5.78)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmall urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18 (4.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e359 (95.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.70 (2.21-6.42)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.72 (2.54-9.13)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20-30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60 (9.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e571 (90.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31-55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25 (7.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e317 (92.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.18 (0.74-1.91)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.493\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.30 (0.62-2.81)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16 (12.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e115 (87.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.66 (0.38-1.19)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.148\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.41 (0.41-4.87)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.585\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGender\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69 (10.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e615 (89.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32 (7.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e388 (92.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.01 (1.28-3.24)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.08 (1.31-3.42)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBelow Bachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18 (11.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e143 (88.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59 (9.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e600 (91.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.34 (0.77-2.26)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.282\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.42 (0.79-2.49)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaster or above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24 (8.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e260 (91.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.61 (0.85-3.03)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.141\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.53 (0.73-3.21)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.263\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional title\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48 (13.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e304 (86.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntermediate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31 (6.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e429 (93.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.70 (1.06-2.74)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.029\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.20 (0.62-2.29)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.586\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSenior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22 (7.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e270 (92.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.18 (0.72-1.96)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.507\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.71 (0.27-1.85)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.478\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHospital Category\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTertiary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39 (8.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e426 (91.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSecondary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18 (10.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e156 (89.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.77 (0.44-1.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.369\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.88 (0.48-1.64)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.673\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19 (26.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53 (73.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.52 (0.26-1.12)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.076\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.86 (0.42-1.91)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.704\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrivate hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25 (6.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e368 (93.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.93 (0.58-1.50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.774\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.64 (0.36-1.12)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional working experience (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41 (10.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e370 (90.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10~20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34 (9.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e317 (90.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.84 (0.52-1.36)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.475\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.73 (0.39-1.35)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.306\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16.7401%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e＞20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.0411%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26 (7.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 13.9501%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e316 (92.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 19.8238%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.96 (0.58-1.58)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.95742%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.867\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 18.5022%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.98 (0.35-2.79)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.98532%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.968\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable4.3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFactors associated with practice level(Proactively promote policies)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\" width=\"728\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFactors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 189px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKnowledge\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnadjusted OR(95% CI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdjusted OR(95% Cl)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePoor, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGood, \u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLarge metropolitan areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59(17.15)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e285(82.85)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedium-size urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27(7.05)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e356(92.95)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.04 (3.48-11.19)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.01 (2.60-10.16)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmall urban areas\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20(5.31)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e357(94.69)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.91 (2.92-8.69)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.20 (2.25-8.19)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20-30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60(9.51)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e571(90.49)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31-55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28(8.19)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e314(91.81)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.33 (0.83-2.20)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.247\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.90 (0.40-2.05)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.804\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18(13.74)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e113(86.26)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.76 (0.43-1.40)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.348\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.74 (0.19-2.87)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.661\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGender\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80(11.70)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e604(88.30)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26(6.19)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e394(93.81)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.36 (0.89-2.13)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.168\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.48 (0.94-2.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBelow Bachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20(12.42)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e141(87.58)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBachelor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63(9.56)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e596(90.44)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.28 (0.71-2.20)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.386\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.29 (0.69-2.33)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.404\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaster or above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23(8.10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e261(91.90)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.36 (0.71-2.59)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.345\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.10 (0.52-2.34)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.798\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional title\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42(11.93)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e310(88.07)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntermediate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34(7.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e426(92.61)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.19 (1.37-3.54)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.59 (0.80-3.15)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.184\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSenior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30(10.27)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e262(89.73)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.94 (1.15-3.35)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.65 (0.57-4.93)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.363\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHospital Category\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTertiary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40(8.60)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e425(91.40)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSecondary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19(10.92)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e155(89.08)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79 (0.45-1.46)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00 (0.55-1.89)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.997\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11(15.28)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61(84.72)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.26 (0.14-0.48)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.47 (0.25-0.92)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrivate hospitals\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36(9.16)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e357(90.84)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.35 (0.81-2.29)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.262\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.86 (0.47-1.60)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.638\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProfessional working experience (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37(9.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e374(91.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRef.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10~20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37(10.54)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e314(89.46)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.03 (0.64-1.68)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.894\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87 (0.46-1.66)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.659\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 131px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e＞20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32(9.36)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e310(90.64)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 150px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.35 (0.81-2.28)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.256\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 135px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.17 (0.39-3.60)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.784\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-oral-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ohea","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Oral Health](http://bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/ohea/default.aspx","title":"BMC Oral Health","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, NCDIP policy, Cross-sectional study","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9142499/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9142499/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Chinese government implemented the National Centralized Dental Implants Procurement (NCDIP) policy in September 2022 to enhance the accessibility and quality of dental services and to support the sustainable development of the dental implant industry. In this study, dentists\u0026rsquo; knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding the NCDIP were assessed; the implementation of the policy was evaluated; factors influencing KAP were identified; and recommendations were proposed to inform policy refinement and enforcement.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA cross-sectional study was conducted in China between May and June 2023 to assess licensed dentists\u0026rsquo; knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the NCDIP policy using an online survey. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with dentists\u0026rsquo; KAP.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA total of 1,153 dentists completed the survey. Overall, 97.79% of respondents reported awareness of the NCDIP policy, and 71.18% reported being familiar with it. Female dentists demonstrated a higher level of understanding of the policy than male dentists. Among respondents, 79.53% believed that the NCDIP policy could influence healthcare reform, and 75.04% agreed that its implementation was reasonable and could reduce the cost of dental implants. Additionally, 69.32% of dentists believed that the policy could reduce the economic burden on patients, with dentists working in private hospitals reporting stronger perceptions of the policy's impact. Regarding practice, 88.2% of dentists reported prioritizing centrally procured implants, 90.8% reported actively seeking information about the policy, and 90.8% reported actively promoting the policy to patients. Furthermore, 80.14% indicated that they or their family members would choose implants procured through national centralized purchasing. Higher educational attainment was associated with a greater likelihood of choosing centralized procurement, while employment in private hospitals was associated with increased willingness to learn about and promote the policy.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusions\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eOverall, most dentists demonstrated adequate understanding of and support for the NCDIP policy; however, further efforts are required to strengthen its promotion and enforcement, particularly in public hospitals, to ensure consistent adherence.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Dentists’ Knowledge, Attitude and Practice To China’s Centralized Dental Implants Procurement: A Cross-sectional Study","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-04-30 11:04:47","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9142499/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-02T08:55:26+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"295739836199454640667269223807604816384","date":"2026-04-29T18:47:50+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-04-27T03:20:02+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"282243106826069638193761601779108307184","date":"2026-04-23T13:56:15+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2026-04-22T12:57:20+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2026-04-20T11:22:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2026-03-30T14:03:48+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2026-03-30T12:13:29+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Oral Health","date":"2026-03-30T12:07:42+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-oral-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ohea","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Oral Health](http://bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/ohea/default.aspx","title":"BMC Oral Health","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"27b7a774-171a-41bf-934d-0b2cfa82c4f3","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 30th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-05-02T08:55:26+00:00","index":77,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"295739836199454640667269223807604816384","date":"2026-04-29T18:47:50+00:00","index":72,"fulltext":""}],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-30T11:04:47+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-04-30 11:04:47","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9142499","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9142499","identity":"rs-9142499","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}