Multiple hypotheses on the evolutionary history of organisms and their role in the ecosystem - process and advantages of mitochondrial intracellular symbiosis, ecological functions and transgenerational strategies of plant, strength of mammals in perspectives of ecological system and reproductive

Mitochondrial coexistence in eukaryotic cells is an important theme in biology, and its process and relationship with the subsequent evolutionary history of life continue to be studied. The roles and functions of plants remain unknown and continue to be studied. Mammals have complex organs and well-developed immune systems, and reproduce by a specialized method called embryogenesis. In this study, we propose several novel hypotheses to explain the evolutionary process and current state of these topics. In Chapter 1, we propose several hypotheses regarding the advantages gained by mitochondria through their symbiosis within eukaryotic cells. Then, we discuss the relationship between the sharing of functions between mitochondria and multicellular organisms in the symbiosis of mitochondria within eukaryotic cells. In Chapter 2, we propose several hypotheses regarding the roles of plants in the environment, ecosystems, and strategies for species expansion are summarized. In Chapter 3, we propose several hypotheses regarding the ecology of mammals and the advantages of reproduction by embryogenesis are reviewed.