From raw product- to food-based recommendations: Adopting the Planetary Health Diet 2.0.

From raw product- to food-based recommendations: Adopting the Planetary Health Diet 2.0. | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article From raw product- to food-based recommendations: Adopting the Planetary Health Diet 2.0. Ferike Thom, Alexander Gocht, Harald Grethe This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9676085/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Dietary recommendations increasingly seek to reconcile human health and environmental sustainability. Food-based dietary guidelines report recommended intake in terms of foods, including processed and composite products, reflecting the level at which consumers make dietary choices. In contrast, recommendations such as the Planetary Health Diet 2.0 (PHD2.0) specify targets for raw products. Raw products are required to link intake to epidemiological evidence and to assess environmental impacts at the agrifood-system level. Translating raw product targets into food-level guidance can improve dietary recommendations but is challenging, as foods can contain multiple raw products as ingredients. We develop a modelling framework that reconciles these approaches and derive a food-based dietary guideline for Germany consistent with the PHD2.0. The model distinguishes 879 foods, decomposes them into 665 raw products, and uses a bias-corrected intake survey. Distance to the reference diet is minimised and accounts for heterogeneous habit rigidity. Large deviations are weighted overproportionally, so that many small adjustments in food intake are favoured over a few very large ones. Results show that meeting PHD2.0 raw product targets requires intake adjustments across food aggregates and shifts within them, as well as additional adjustments to meet energy and macronutrient targets. We show how targets on raw product, energy, and macronutrient intake interact. We demonstrate that explicit modelling of foods, their raw product ingredients, and a complex operationalisation of distance to reference diets improve dietary recommendations, making them tangible for consumers, accounting for both epidemiological evidence and nutritional adequacy, and incorporating environmental impact at the agrifood-system level. Agricultural Economics & Policy Nutrition & Dietetics Diets Food intake survey Sustainability Bayesian statistics Modeling Optimization Agriculture. Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Supplementary Files FromrawproducttofoodbasedrecommendationsFiguresTablesSI.xlsx From raw product- to food-based recommendations_Figures, Tables, SI Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9676085","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":638007284,"identity":"73dc1855-6d07-4153-a4fb-8b3fd5a26eaa","order_by":0,"name":"Ferike 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