Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Wastewater: Acid-Digested Carbon from Waste Leather Adsorbents for Pollution Reduction from the Therapeutic Drug Mefenamic Acid

Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Wastewater: Acid-Digested Carbon from Waste Leather Adsorbents for Pollution Reduction from the Therapeutic Drug Mefenamic Acid | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Wastewater: Acid-Digested Carbon from Waste Leather Adsorbents for Pollution Reduction from the Therapeutic Drug Mefenamic Acid Manigandaprasath M, Surya S, Heryanto Heryanto, Veeravelan K This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5116766/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The environmental contamination caused by pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) is a global issue. Although the reported quantities of PPCPs are typically modest, several PPCPs with various chemical compositions have been found in soil, water, and aquatic habitats. The majority of these bacteria can survive in the environment for long periods of time, causing risks to human health, biota, and other important environmental factors. PPCP-contaminated sites have been cleaned via a variety of approaches, including bioremediation, ozonation, electrochemical separation, and physicochemical treatments such as coagulation, volatilization, sorption, and sedimentation. An extensive review of PPCP sorptive removal methods and interaction mechanisms is given in this chapter. Acid-digested carbon from waste leather can be used as a low-cost alternative to traditional scientific methods for removing pharmaceutical drug contaminants. The garbage is collected from leather-related businesses and from India's domestic waste leather industry. The adsorbent was then dried, ground into a powder, sieved, and cleaned until the particle size reached 63 µm. The adsorbent was introduced to HCl in a 0.1 M solution for 24 hours. Afterward, the mixture was filtered, cleaned with double distilled water, and dried once more. It is important to consider several factors, such as temperature, concentration, pH, contact time, amount, and size. This method can reduce the cost of treating wastewater as well as the harm it causes to the environment. Adsorption mechanisms Pharmaceuticals Wastewater treatment Thermodynamic modelling Response surface methodology Emergent contaminants Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5116766","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":366030313,"identity":"162b2296-a370-494e-86aa-4ccb23a3a793","order_by":0,"name":"Manigandaprasath M","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Newton College of Education","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Manigandaprasath","middleName":"","lastName":"M","suffix":""},{"id":366030314,"identity":"21e03c2f-9615-45d0-a734-ce39f366abdc","order_by":1,"name":"Surya S","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"A.D.M. 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Although the reported quantities of PPCPs are typically modest, several PPCPs with various chemical compositions have been found in soil, water, and aquatic habitats. The majority of these bacteria can survive in the environment for long periods of time, causing risks to human health, biota, and other important environmental factors. PPCP-contaminated sites have been cleaned via a variety of approaches, including bioremediation, ozonation, electrochemical separation, and physicochemical treatments such as coagulation, volatilization, sorption, and sedimentation. An extensive review of PPCP sorptive removal methods and interaction mechanisms is given in this chapter. Acid-digested carbon from waste leather can be used as a low-cost alternative to traditional scientific methods for removing pharmaceutical drug contaminants. The garbage is collected from leather-related businesses and from India's domestic waste leather industry. The adsorbent was then dried, ground into a powder, sieved, and cleaned until the particle size reached 63 \u0026micro;m. The adsorbent was introduced to HCl in a 0.1 M solution for 24 hours. Afterward, the mixture was filtered, cleaned with double distilled water, and dried once more. It is important to consider several factors, such as temperature, concentration, pH, contact time, amount, and size. 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