Analysis of factors influencing the increase of extracellular water ratio in tumor patients without edema signs

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Methods A cohort of 274 tumor patients admitted to Anqing First People's Hospital, affiliated with Anhui Medical University between December 2020 and December 2022, were selected, excluding those with clinically observable edema. General clinical data, main laboratory test outcomes, and body composition indices were gathered. Valuable variables were identified for linear regression analysis using ECW/TBW, based on professional knowledge and univariate analysis results. Results Age, gender, hemoglobin, serum sodium, serum potassium, and phase angle (PA) were determined as independent influencing factors for elevated ECW/TBW. ECW/TBW increased with age (partial regression coefficient B=0.009, P=0.001), was higher in males than in females (B=-0.349, P<0.001), and was negatively affected by hemoglobin (Hgb) (B=-0.003, P=0.039). Serum sodium had a positive influence on ECW/TBW (B=0.019, P=0.011), while serum potassium exhibited a negative effect (B=-0.180, P=0.001). PA was the most influential factor among all independent variables affecting ECW/TBW (B=-1.006, P<0.001). Nonetheless, Performance Status (PS) score, Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score, tumor stage, prealbumin, albumin, and body fat percentage were not identified as independent factors influencing elevated ECW/TBW. Conclusion The early factors influencing water retention in tumor patients primarily stem from abnormal cell membrane function, but are also impacted by age, gender, anemia, and electrolyte levels. Timely body composition testing can assist in subsequent intervention decision-making. ECW/TBW tumor Body composition phase angle edema Introduction Edema is a common accompanying symptom in tumor patients (Leslye RC et al.,2020), and as the tumor progresses or malnutrition worsens, most tumors can exhibit symptoms of edema. Severe edema often leads to infusion difficulties, limited patient mobility, decreased quality of life(Franks PJ et al.,2021), and may further develop complications such as bedsores and infections(Abhishek J et al.,2018), which impede normal anti-tumor therapy. Currently, the primary pathogenic factors of edema in tumor patients are believed to be malnutrition-induced hypoproteinemia, tumor compression-caused disturbance of venous and lymphatic reflux, and venous embolism (R F Del Maestro, J F Megyesi & C L Farrell,1990). However, these clinically observable indicators or signs might represent late factors of water retention in the organism, rather than early causes. Tumor patients with cellular-level functional impairments, metabolic disorders, and electrolyte disturbances can all contribute to increased retention of extracellular water. Clinically unobservable water retention might already exist before the onset of hypoproteinemia(Zheng KW et al.,2021). Nevertheless, studies related to early increases in the extracellular water ratio in tumor patients without edema signs have not been reported, and the clinical influences remain unclear. Recent research has indicated that an elevated extracellular water ratio is a risk factor for disease progression, recurrence, and long-term survival(Yamaoka K et al.,2022; Hirashima T et al.,2021), and can mediate early death in tumor patients through other factors(Katsura N, Yamashita M & Ishihara T,2021) This evidence suggests that early detection and intervention of edema can help reduce adverse effects and improve patient prognosis. In this study, body composition analysis was employed to assess the potential influencing factors of early edema onset by evaluating the extracellular water to total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) in tumor patients without visible signs of edema. This approach can provide valuable insights for the early identification of water retention and timely clinical intervention in tumor patients. Materials And Methods Study design and participants This study used the retrospective analysis method,and patients with solid tumors admitted to Anqing First People's Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from December 2020 to December 2022 were collected. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Anqing First People’s Hospital of Anhui Medical University. The ethical number is AQYY--YXLL--KJXM--10. The trial enrolled patients age >18 years who had pathologically diagnosed solid malignant tumors and able to stand and undergo body composition analysis testing, and provided written informed consent to participate in the study. And patients with the following features were excluded: with double or multiple primary tumors; severe liver or kidney diseases; cardiac function grade III or above; lower extremity venous thrombosis; clinically observable peripheral edema and severe plasma cavity effusion. Four tumor patients without biochemical examination, four cases of central nervous system tumors, 13 cases of tumors with multiple primary or unknown origin, one case of soft tissue tumors of unknown stage, three cases of liver cirrhosis, and seven cases of chronic cardiac and renal insufficiency were excluded, leaving 274 tumor patients. Methods for the measurement of body composition indicators including ECW/TBW After patients fasted or stopped eating for 2 hours and emptied urine and feces, body composition indices such as extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW), skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), body fat percentage (BFP), phase angle (PA), and body mass index (BMI) were measured using the Inbody770 body composition analyzer. General clinical data collection and experimental index measurement methods General clinical data such as age, gender, and PS score were collected through history taking, and the nutritional status of patients was evaluated based on the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score. Hemoglobin (Hgb), prealbumin (PAB), albumin (ALB), and electrolytes were measured using the Sysmex XN-3100 automated hematology analyzer and the Hitachi 7600 automatic biochemical analyzer. Statistical methods SPSS25 software was employed for statistical analysis. For the collected measurement data, normality analysis was performed, Spearman correlation test was utilized for univariate correlation analysis, and rank sum test was employed for comparison of rank data. Indicators with statistically significant correlation analysis were included in the linear regression analysis.The test level was set at α=0.05. Results General data analysis According to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 274 patients met the criteria for this study. The tumor types included esophageal cancer (n=42), gastric cancer (n=34), colorectal cancer (n=30), lung cancer (n=29), breast cancer (n=51), head and neck tumor (n=21), gynecological and reproductive system tumor (n=34), urinary system tumor (n=7), pancreatic cancer (n=8), hepatobiliary tumor (n=10), and soft tissue tumor (n=8). For additional patient details, refer to Table 1. Univariate analysis of clinical characteristics and laboratory indices with ECW/TBW ECW/TBW was positively correlated with age and PG-SGA score, and negatively correlated with Hgb, PAB, ALB, and serum potassium levels. Male patients exhibited higher ECW/TBW than female patients, and patients with high PS scores and later tumor stages had higher ECW/TBW than those with lower PS scores and earlier tumor stages. No statistically significant correlation was found between serum sodium levels and ECW/TBW. See Table 2. Univariate analysis between each human component index ECW/TBW was negatively correlated with BFP, PA, and BMI, and showed no correlation with SMI. SMI was negatively correlated with BFP, but positively correlated with PA and BMI. BFP demonstrated a weak positive correlation with PA and a strong positive correlation with BMI (correlation coefficient rs=0.754); however, PA was positively correlated with BMI. See Table 3. Linear regression analysis of clinical characteristics and indicators with ECW/TBW A strong correlation between BMI and BFP was found, and multiple covariance was diagnosed by covariance. Based on expertise consideration in the alteration of body composition, the specificity of BMI for the dependent variable in this study was not sufficient, so it was not included in the regression analysis. Serum sodium, an important factor affecting osmotic pressure, may be related to the change in extracellular water. Although there was no statistically significant difference in univariate analysis, it was still included in the analysis based on professional knowledge and research purpose. Other indicators that were statistically significant for univariate analysis were included in the analyses. The results showed that age, gender, Hgb, serum sodium, serum potassium, and PA were all factors affecting ECW/TBW. Serum sodium, which did not show a statistical difference in univariate analysis, exhibited statistical significance in regression analysis (B=0.019, P=0.011). The largest absolute value of the standardized partial regression coefficient was found for PA (Beta=-0.779). PS score, PG-SGA score, tumor stage, PAB, ALB, and BFP did not affect ECW/TBW. The regression equation test statistic F=117.795, P<0.001; R2=0.844, adjusted R2=0.837. See Table 4. Discussion Explanation of ECW/TBW univariate analysis results Approximately 50% to 60% of the human body is composed of water, which includes intracellular water (ICW) and extracellular water (ECW). The ratio of ICW to ECW is approximately 2:1, with ECW mainly composed of plasma and tissue fluid in a ratio of around 1:3(Daniella LS, Ishwarlal J,2022). Generally, total plasma volume remains relatively constant, and edema(Martyn King,2017) mainly results from an imbalance in intra- and extravascular fluid exchange or from water and sodium retention in the body. This imbalance leads to increased tissue fluid in the extracellular fluid and excessive accumulation in subcutaneous tissue. The univariate analysis of this project suggested that ECW/TBW was positively correlated with age and tumor stage. ECW/TBW was higher in male than in female patients and increased with PS score and PG-SGA score. ECW/TBW was negatively correlated with laboratory indices such as Hgb, PAB, and ALB. Regarding body composition analysis indices, ECW/TBW was negatively correlated with BFP, PA, and BMI, but showed no correlation with SMI. These results indicate that factors contributing to the increase of ECW/TBW in tumor patients are complex, and the extracellular water ratio in tumor patients may rise with increasing age, disease progression, decreasing functional ability, worsening malnutrition, decreasing body fat content, weight loss, lowering protein levels, and aggravating anemia. Previous studies(Guan LZ et al.,2022a,;Park KS et al.,2021,;Hioka A et al.,2022b) have shown that there is a correlation between SMI and ECW/TBW, but in our study SMI did not show a correlation with ECW/TBW, which is a big discrepancy and needs to be further explored. Notably, a recent study(Martins AR e al.,2021) proposed that muscle strength was positively correlated with TBW and negatively correlated with ECW/TBW, concluding that increased extracellular water may initially cause a loss of muscle function. Since patients with obvious edema were not included in this study, it is hypothesized that early accumulation of extracellular fluid may primarily impact muscle function without being associated with skeletal muscle loss, potentially explain the lack of statistical difference in the correlation analysis between SMI and ECW/TBW in this study. Skeletal muscle loss may be more prevalent in patients with poorer nutritional status and more severe water retention. This finding also suggests that SMI may not be a sensitive indicator of early water retention in oncology patients, and this parameter was not included in the subsequent regression analysis. PA is an indicator derived from the bioelectrical impedance principle to assist in diagnosing nutritional status, which can specifically reflects the state of structural integrity and functional impairment of human cell membranes(Casirati A et al.,2023). Reduced PA can be diagnosed when PA is below 5.0° in males and 4.6° in females(Girma T et al.,2017). A decrease in PA indicates poor prognosis, increased complications, and shortened survival(Zheng WH et al.,2023; Scicchitano P et al.,2022). This study's results revealed a strong negative correlation between PA and ECW/TBW (correlation coefficient rs=-0.896, P<0.001). Consequently, it can be inferred that the mechanisms of extracellular water ratio increase in early and late tumor stages may significantly differ. The structural damage and functional impairment of cell membranes in tumor patients may be the primary reason for the increase in extracellular water in the early stages. Paying attention to the early increase of ECW/TBW may predict poor prognosis in patients earlier. However, both basic and clinical studies in this area are lacking and require further reporting.Linear regression analysis of clinical characteristics and indicators with ECW/TBW may predict poor prognosis in patients earlier. However, both basic and clinical studies in this area are lacking and require further reporting. Explanation of the results of regression analysis The extracellular water ratio in tumor patients generally increases with disease progression, heightened malnutrition, and decreased protein levels(Zheng KW et al.,2021), which is consistent with findings from previous studies. However, the linear regression analysis in this study revealed that malnutrition, prealbumin, and albumin were not independent influencing factors for the elevated ECW/TBW in tumor patients. Serum sodium, the most critical electrolyte for maintaining tissue osmotic pressure, did not exhibit a significant correlation with the extracellular water ratio in the univariate analysis of this project. Nevertheless, based on professional knowledge, the research team decided to include serum sodium levels in the regression analysis. The results indicate that serum sodium levels do have an independent effect on the increase in the extracellular water ratio. Furthermore, age, gender, potassium, and hemoglobin, which are not initially considered to be associated with edema, also demonstrated an independent effect. Previous results from physical examinations in healthy populations revealed that the extracellular water ratio was lower in males than in females, and it gradually increases with age(Ritz P et al.,2008). The regression analysis results in this study showed that although the partial regression coefficient of age to ECW/TBW was minimal, it still exhibited statistical significance. This finding indicates that the change of ECW/TBW in tumor patients with age was generally consistent with that of normal individuals. Notably, the discovery that the extracellular water ratio is higher in males than in females diverges from the water distribution characteristics of the normal population. This discrepancy may be due to differences in the regulatory effects of androgens and estrogens on the human renin-angiotensin system (RAS), potentially resulting in higher RAS activity in males than in females. This higher activity is evidenced by a greater tendency for males to develop water sodium retention, hypokalemia, and hypertension compared to females(Ritz P et al.,2007). Many tumors exhibit increased expression of angiotensin and its receptors(Afsar B et al.,2021; Hicks BM et al.,2018), and RAS is relatively activated in some tumor populations. The positive regulation of this system by androgens may explain the higher ECW/TBW in males compared to females observed in this study. The effect of electrolytes on ECW/TBW in the regression analysis shows that an increase in serum sodium and a decrease in serum potassium accompany an increase in the extracellular water ratio, further supporting this hypothesis. RAS activation in tumor patients is a current research hotspot.This system activation can promote tumor progression and metastasis through downstream signaling pathways, leading to poorer patient survival. For example, Prof. Ryan M. Young's team found that oncogenic RAS mutations activate mTORC1 signalling in multiple myeloma and combining mTORC1 and MEK/ERK inhibitors synergize to improve survival in preclinical models(Yandan Yang et al.,2022). Meanwhile, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, which inhibit the activity of this system, can improve the survival of some tumors. Consequently, patients with increased ECW/TBW, combined with high serum sodium and low potassium, should be monitored closely. The results of the regression analysis suggested that a decrease in hemoglobin could also lead to an increase in the ratio of extracellular water.The phase angle analysis results were consistent with the univariate analysis and still exhibited the most significant effect on the extracellular water ratio (standardized partial regression coefficient Beta=-0.779, P<0.001). Therefore, it can be speculated that the early increase in ECW/TBW may primarily stem from abnormal cell membrane function and is not due to factors such as hypoproteinemia, increased microvascular permeability, and other imbalances in intra- and extravascular fluid exchange. The modes of water entering and leaving the cell include free diffusion and assisted diffusion, with the direction of movement depending on the osmotic pressure inside and outside the cell membrane. Aquaporin (AQP) is a carrier protein that facilitates the diffusion of water into and out of cell membranes, and is widely expressed in various tissues and organs throughout the body. Its dysregulation has been observed in a variety of tumors(Moosavi MS, Elham Y,2020; Abulizi A, Dawuti A & Yang BX,2023). The regulation of its expression is influenced by tissue hyperosmolarity, hypoxia, and ischemia. Anemia can exacerbate tissue hypoxia, which can further inducing dysregulation of water channel protein expression and result in the accumulation of hyperosmotic metabolic products in the body's tissue fluid(Jonker S et al.,2003). This facilitates the rapid movement of water across cell membranes along the osmotic pressure gradient. Recent studies suggest(Pan JW et al.,2021) that edema may also promote tumor proliferation by inducing abnormal expression of AQP. The role of aquaporins in tumor progression and metastasis is a current research hotspot, but some aspects of the mechanism remain unclear and warrant further investigation through clinical and basic research. Relevant targeted drugs are also undergoing active trials(Charlestin V et al.,2022; Varricchio A, Yool AJ,2023). The integrity of the structure and function of the lipid bilayer and membrane proteins in human cell membranes is the physiological basis for normal phase angle (PA). A reduction in PA indicates a disruption of the cell membrane structure that maintains the homeostasis of the internal environment, which may also facilitate, to some extent, the passage of water through the cell membrane by free diffusion. Based on the above analysis, it is preliminarily concluded that the early elevation of ECW/TBW is primarily attributed to cell membrane damage in tumor patients. The combination of relative activation of the RAS system, leading to water-sodium retention and potassium excretion, along with tissue hypoxia due to anemia, promotes increased tissue osmotic pressure in the body. This may be accompanied by abnormal expression of water channel proteins, ultimately resulting in the increased transfer of intracellular water to the extracellular compartment. Age may be a physiological factor contributing to the decline of cell membrane function, and differences in the degree of RAS regulation by sex hormones could lead to increased extracellular water more commonly in males. The early increase in ECW/TBW, with the risk of adverse reactions and disease recurrence progression, also warrants follow-up study. However, due to the large number of tumor species included in this study and the small proportion of some tumor species, the statistical analysis did not adjust for tumor confounding, so it cannot yet be inferred that every tumor fits the above characteristics. In particular, those with a relatively low proportion of tumor species need to be expanded in future studies for more in-depth analysis. The present study has several limitations. First, the retrospective single-center design is prone to bias. Second, the small sample size may also be a source of bias. Third, further prospective studies are needed to confirm whether the ECW/TBW predicts long-term OS, or whether it exhibits dynamic changes according to the patient's general condition and treatment response. Previous studies have indicated that the ECW/TBW is associated with clinical outcomes in cases involving chronic liver diseases, renal disorders, heart failure(Kyohei Kishino et al.,2020; Shuai Liu et al.,2022; Kyu-Sun Lee et al.,2023). Kaiwen Zheng had found that ECW/TBW was related to the prognosis of people with advanced cancer(Zheng KW et al.,2021). However, because they were selected from patients with advanced tumors and did not remove cases with obvious clinical signs of edema, they could not be corrected in time with appropriate clinical interventions.We will continue to follow up in later studies to include more samples and develop more reliable statistical models to validate the effect of tumor type, treatment strategy, specific chemotherapy regimen, and other factors on the increase in extracellular water, as well as incorporate patient follow-up data to track the occurrence of edema and its potential impact on patient survival. In conclusion, the most significant distinction between this study and previous research lies in the selected population, which comprised patients without clinical signs of edema. Even if water retention occurred within this population, it might have been easily overlooked by clinicians due to the absence of suitable indicators. The potential biased selection of the study population could have resulted in several body composition parameters, such as ECW/TBW, not fully conforming to the normal distribution. Nevertheless, as an analysis of influencing factors, this study still possesses certain implications. From the results of this study, it becomes evident that the early increase in ECW/TBW was not influenced by commonly considered clinical factors, such as disease progression, heightened malnutrition, and reduced protein levels. These factors often contribute to further increases in ECW/TBW until the onset of overt edema. Hence, for patients who do not exhibit signs of edema, attention should be directed to the analyzed indices to determine if the extracellular water ratio has increased. Based on the study's findings, for men with advanced age, concurrent anemia, high blood sodium, and low blood potassium, it is advisable to conduct body composition testing to determine the presence of increased ECW/TBW and low phase angle. Timely correction of these parameters through corresponding clinical interventions is anticipated to maintain the body's homeostasis and prevent complications. Additionally, this approach holds positive significance for the further prevention and treatment of tumor progression, recurrence, and metastasis. Conclusions The early factors influencing water retention in tumor patients primarily stem from abnormal cell membrane function, but are also impacted by age, gender, anemia, and electrolyte levels. Timely body composition testing can assist in subsequent intervention decision-making. Declarations Acknowledgements Not applicable. Ethics approval and consent to participate This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Anqing First People’s Hospital of Anhui Medical University. The ethical number is AQYY--YXLL--KJXM--10. The patient provided their written informed consent to participate in this study. All procedures followed the Declaration of Helsinki for research involving human subjects. Funding Statement This work was supported by Anhui Medical University Foundation （2022xkj230）and Scientific Research Program of Anqing Municipal Health Commission(AQWJ2022020. Competing interests The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Declaration A preprint has previously been published( ZHU heling et al.,2023). References [1] Leslye RC, Maiken BH, Morten AP, et al. 2020. 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Tables Table 1 Clinical data people tested （ N=274 ） N （ % ） ± s Median Age* 21~88 58 Gender Male 144 （ 52.55 ） Female 130 （ 47.45 ） PS score 0 47 （ 17.15 ） 1 106 （ 75.18 ） 2 11 （ 7.66 ） PG-SGA score* 1-19 4 Tumor stage Stage I 26 （ 9.49 ） Stage II 62 （ 22.63 ） Stage III 77 （ 28.10 ） Stage IV 109 （ 39.78 ） Hgb(g/L) 67.00~163.00 110.43 ± 16.93 PAB(mg/L) 44.00~495.00 229.65 ± 76.45 ALB(g/L) 27.1~49.2 39.16 ± 4.62 Serum sodium(mmol/L)* 121.8~153.00 141.10 Serum potassium(mmol/L)* 2.83~5.85 4.21 ECW/TBW(%)* 37.30~42.00 39.10 SMI(kg/m2)* 3.20~9.70 6.50 BFP(%)* 3.00~44.60 24.10 PA( ° )* 2.20~6.60 4.60 BMI(kg/m2) 12.90~32.80 21.75 ± 3.55 Table 2 Clinical data ECW/TBW （ % ） rs P Rank average P Age 0.497 <0.001 Gender Male ： 155.90 <0.001 Female ： 117.12 PS score 0 ： 105.77 <0.001 1 ： 139.75 2 ： 186.48 PG-SGA score 0.453 <0.001 Tumor stage Stage I ： 94.85 <0.001 Stage II ： 118.32 Stage III ： 133.24 Stage IV ： 161.59 Hgb(g/L) -0.424 <0.001 PAB(mg/L) -0.463 <0.001 ALB(g/L) -0.443 <0.001 Serum sodium(mmol/L) 0.051 0.399 Serum potassium(mmol/L) -0.282 <0.001 Table 3 Indices ECW/TBW SMI BFP PA rs P rs P rs P rs P SMI -0.027 0.660 - - - - - - BFP -0.280 <0.001 -0.124 0.041 - - - - PA -0.896 <0.001 0.310 <0.001 0.185 0.002 - - BMI -0.303 <0.001 0.471 <0.001 0.754 <0.001 0.399 <0.001 Table 4 Independent variable B Beta 95%CI t P Constant term 42.101 0.104 39.830~44.372 36.502 <0.001 Age 0.009 0.003 0.004~0.015 3.404 0.001 Gender -0.349 -0.186 -0.481~-0.217 -5.209 <0.001 PS score -0.091 -0.047 -0.198~0.017 -1.656 0.099 PG-SGA score -0.008 -0.030 -0.025~0.009 -0.940 0.348 Tumor stage 0.006 0.007 -0.045~0.057 0.240 0.810 Hgb(g/L) -0.003 -0.062 -0.007~0.000 -2.070 0.039 PAB(mg/L) -0.001 -0.041 -0.001~0.000 -1.209 0.228 ALB(g/L) -0.002 -0.009 -0.015~0.012 -0.254 0.800 serum sodium(mmol/L) 0.019 0.069 0.004~0.034 2.556 0.011 serum potassium(mmol/L) -0.180 -0.089 -0.287~-0.074 -3.336 0.001 BFP （ % ） -0.001 -0.012 -0.008~0.006 -0.337 0.736 PA （°） -1.006 -0.779 -1.088~-0.923 -24.048 <0.001 Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-2651718","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":183068934,"identity":"714d1646-95f0-4aa3-af95-bb782a2a5c97","order_by":0,"name":"ZHU heling","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Anqing First People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Anqing","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"ZHU","middleName":"","lastName":"heling","suffix":""},{"id":183068935,"identity":"53014fde-0553-41fa-be0b-5792d4211c44","order_by":1,"name":"GAN 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Yu","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA0ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFCCA4wPPhhIyDG2NzY+/ECkFmbDGRU2xsw9h5uNJYi0hk2a40xaYvuM9DYBHmLUGxw8YybN2HY4sXfmwzYGCQY7Od0GQloOnDG2Lmw7bDxzdmLbgwKGZGOzAwS1nN14e2bbYdmNsxPbDSQYDiRuI0LLBmnetsOM+28ebJPgIVLLJmmeM2mKjTMYidQieeD8Z3AgM/YkAgPZgAi/8N04lgiNyuMPH36osJMjqEXhBooKAwLKQUC+v4EIVaNgFIyCUTCyAQA1v1A+KP1IQwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Department of Oncology, Affiliated Anqing First People’s Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anqing, Anhui, China.","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiawen","middleName":"","lastName":"Yu","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-03-03 13:29:25","currentVersionCode":2,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2651718/v2","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2651718/v2","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":53566545,"identity":"931cf547-729e-409f-a78d-e1f56678e6f6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-27 14:32:52","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":347895,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-2651718/v2/e8bb77d3-8f6b-4de2-9865-59594e99f6ee.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnalysis of factors influencing the increase of extracellular water ratio in tumor patients without edema signs\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eEdema is a common accompanying symptom in tumor patients (Leslye RC\u0026nbsp;et\u0026nbsp;al.,2020), and as the tumor progresses or malnutrition worsens, most tumors can exhibit symptoms of edema. Severe edema often leads to infusion difficulties, limited patient mobility, decreased quality of life(Franks PJ\u0026nbsp;et\u0026nbsp;al.,2021), and may further develop complications such as bedsores and infections(Abhishek J\u0026nbsp;et al.,2018), which impede normal anti-tumor therapy. Currently, the primary pathogenic factors of edema in tumor patients are believed to be malnutrition-induced hypoproteinemia, tumor compression-caused disturbance of venous and lymphatic reflux, and venous embolism (R F Del Maestro, J F Megyesi \u0026amp; C L Farrell,1990). However, these clinically observable indicators or signs might represent late factors of water retention in the organism, rather than early causes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTumor patients with cellular-level functional impairments, metabolic disorders, and electrolyte disturbances can all contribute to increased retention of extracellular water. Clinically unobservable water retention might already exist before the onset of hypoproteinemia(Zheng KW\u0026nbsp;et\u0026nbsp;al.,2021). Nevertheless, studies related to early increases in the extracellular water ratio in tumor patients without edema signs have not been reported, and the clinical influences remain unclear. Recent research has indicated that an elevated extracellular water ratio is a risk factor for disease progression, recurrence, and long-term survival(Yamaoka K\u0026nbsp;et\u0026nbsp;al.,2022;\u0026nbsp;Hirashima T\u0026nbsp;et\u0026nbsp;al.,2021), and can mediate early death in tumor patients through other factors(Katsura N, Yamashita M \u0026amp; Ishihara T,2021) This evidence suggests that early detection and intervention of edema can help reduce adverse effects and improve patient prognosis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this study, body composition analysis was employed to assess the potential influencing factors of early edema onset by evaluating the extracellular water to total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) in tumor patients without visible signs of edema. This approach can provide valuable insights for the early identification of water retention and timely clinical intervention in tumor patients.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials And Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudy design and participants\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study used the retrospective analysis method,and patients with solid tumors admitted to Anqing First People\u0026apos;s Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from December 2020 to December 2022 were collected. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Anqing First People\u0026rsquo;s Hospital of Anhui Medical University.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;ethical number is AQYY--YXLL--KJXM--10.\u0026nbsp;The trial enrolled patients age \u0026gt;18 years who had pathologically diagnosed solid malignant tumors and able to stand and undergo body composition analysis testing,\u0026nbsp;and provided written informed consent to participate in the study.\u0026nbsp;And patients with the following features were excluded: with double or multiple primary tumors; severe liver or kidney diseases; cardiac function grade III or above; lower extremity venous thrombosis; clinically observable peripheral edema and severe plasma cavity effusion. Four tumor patients without biochemical examination, four cases of central nervous system tumors, 13 cases of tumors with multiple primary or unknown origin, one case of soft tissue tumors of unknown stage, three cases of liver cirrhosis, and seven cases of chronic cardiac and renal insufficiency were excluded, leaving 274 tumor patients.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods for the measurement of body composition indicators including ECW/TBW\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter patients fasted or stopped eating for 2 hours and emptied urine and feces, body composition indices such as extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW), skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), body fat percentage (BFP), phase angle (PA), and body mass index (BMI) were measured using the Inbody770 body composition analyzer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeneral clinical data collection and experimental index measurement methods\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGeneral clinical data such as age, gender, and PS score were collected through history taking, and the nutritional status of patients was evaluated based on the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score. Hemoglobin (Hgb), prealbumin (PAB), albumin (ALB), and electrolytes were measured using the Sysmex XN-3100 automated hematology analyzer and the Hitachi 7600 automatic biochemical analyzer.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStatistical methods\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSPSS25 software was employed for statistical analysis. For the collected measurement data, normality analysis was performed, Spearman correlation test was utilized for univariate correlation analysis, and rank sum test was employed for comparison of rank data. Indicators with statistically significant correlation analysis were included in the linear regression analysis.The test level was set at \u0026alpha;=0.05.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeneral data analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;According to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 274 patients met the criteria for this study. The tumor types included esophageal cancer (n=42), gastric cancer (n=34), colorectal cancer (n=30), lung cancer (n=29), breast cancer (n=51), head and neck tumor (n=21), gynecological and reproductive system tumor (n=34), urinary system tumor (n=7), pancreatic cancer (n=8), hepatobiliary tumor (n=10), and soft tissue tumor (n=8). For additional patient details, refer to Table 1.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUnivariate analysis of clinical characteristics and laboratory indices with ECW/TBW\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eECW/TBW was positively correlated with age and PG-SGA score, and negatively correlated with Hgb, PAB, ALB, and serum potassium levels. Male patients exhibited higher ECW/TBW than female patients, and patients with high PS scores and later tumor stages had higher ECW/TBW than those with lower PS scores and earlier tumor stages. No statistically significant correlation was found between serum sodium levels and ECW/TBW. See Table 2.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUnivariate analysis between each human component index\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eECW/TBW was negatively correlated with BFP, PA, and BMI, and showed no correlation with SMI. SMI was negatively correlated with BFP, but positively correlated with PA and BMI. BFP demonstrated a weak positive correlation with PA and a strong positive correlation with BMI (correlation coefficient rs=0.754); however, PA was positively correlated with BMI. See Table 3.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLinear regression analysis of clinical characteristics and indicators with ECW/TBW\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA strong correlation between BMI and BFP was found, and multiple covariance was diagnosed by covariance. Based on expertise consideration in the alteration of body composition, the specificity of BMI for the dependent variable in this study was not sufficient, so it was not included in the regression analysis. Serum sodium, an important factor affecting osmotic pressure, may be related to the change in extracellular water. Although there was no statistically significant difference in univariate analysis, it was still included in the analysis based on professional knowledge and research purpose. Other indicators that were statistically significant for univariate analysis were included in the analyses. The results showed that age, gender, Hgb, serum sodium, serum potassium, and PA were all factors affecting ECW/TBW. Serum sodium, which did not show a statistical difference in univariate analysis, exhibited statistical significance in regression analysis (B=0.019, P=0.011). The largest absolute value of the standardized partial regression coefficient was found for PA (Beta=-0.779). PS score, PG-SGA score, tumor stage, PAB, ALB, and BFP did not affect ECW/TBW. The regression equation test statistic F=117.795, P\u0026lt;0.001; R2=0.844, adjusted R2=0.837. See Table 4.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExplanation of ECW/TBW univariate analysis results\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApproximately 50% to 60% of the human body is composed of water, which includes intracellular water (ICW) and extracellular water (ECW). The ratio of ICW to ECW is approximately 2:1, with ECW mainly composed of plasma and tissue fluid in a ratio of around 1:3(Daniella LS, Ishwarlal J,2022). Generally, total plasma volume remains relatively constant, and edema(Martyn King,2017) mainly results from an imbalance in intra- and extravascular fluid exchange or from water and sodium retention in the body. This imbalance leads to increased tissue fluid in the extracellular fluid and excessive accumulation in subcutaneous tissue.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe univariate analysis of this project suggested that ECW/TBW was positively correlated with age and tumor stage. ECW/TBW was higher in male than in female patients and increased with PS score and PG-SGA score. ECW/TBW was negatively correlated with laboratory indices such as Hgb, PAB, and ALB. Regarding body composition analysis indices, ECW/TBW was negatively correlated with BFP, PA, and BMI, but showed no correlation with SMI. These results indicate that factors contributing to the increase of ECW/TBW in tumor patients are complex, and the extracellular water ratio in tumor patients may rise with increasing age, disease progression, decreasing functional ability, worsening malnutrition, decreasing body fat content, weight loss, lowering protein levels, and aggravating anemia. Previous studies(Guan LZ\u0026nbsp;et\u0026nbsp;al.,2022a,;Park KS\u0026nbsp;et\u0026nbsp;al.,2021,;Hioka A et al.,2022b)\u0026nbsp;have shown that there is a correlation between SMI and ECW/TBW, but in our study SMI did not show a correlation with ECW/TBW, which is a big discrepancy and needs to be further explored.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNotably, a recent study(Martins AR\u0026nbsp;e\u0026nbsp;al.,2021) proposed that muscle strength was positively correlated with TBW and negatively correlated with ECW/TBW, concluding that increased extracellular water may initially cause a loss of muscle function. Since patients with obvious edema were not included in this study, it is hypothesized that early accumulation of extracellular fluid may primarily impact muscle function without being associated with skeletal muscle loss, potentially explain the lack of statistical difference in the correlation analysis between SMI and ECW/TBW in this study. Skeletal muscle loss may be more prevalent in patients with poorer nutritional status and more severe water retention. This finding also suggests that SMI may not be a sensitive indicator of early water retention in oncology patients, and this parameter was not included in the subsequent regression analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePA is an indicator derived from the bioelectrical impedance principle to assist in diagnosing nutritional status, which can specifically reflects the state of structural integrity and functional impairment of human cell membranes(Casirati A\u0026nbsp;et\u0026nbsp;al.,2023). Reduced PA can be diagnosed when PA is below 5.0\u0026deg; in males and 4.6\u0026deg; in females(Girma T\u0026nbsp;et\u0026nbsp;al.,2017). A decrease in PA indicates poor prognosis, increased complications, and shortened survival(Zheng WH\u0026nbsp;et\u0026nbsp;al.,2023;\u0026nbsp;Scicchitano P\u0026nbsp;et\u0026nbsp;al.,2022). This study\u0026apos;s results revealed a strong negative correlation between PA and ECW/TBW (correlation coefficient rs=-0.896, P\u0026lt;0.001). Consequently, it can be inferred that the mechanisms of extracellular water ratio increase in early and late tumor stages may significantly differ. The structural damage and functional impairment of cell membranes in tumor patients may be the primary reason for the increase in extracellular water in the early stages. Paying attention to the early increase of ECW/TBW may predict poor prognosis in patients earlier. However, both basic and clinical studies in this area are lacking and require further reporting.Linear regression analysis of clinical characteristics and indicators with ECW/TBW may predict poor prognosis in patients earlier. However, both basic and clinical studies in this area are lacking and require further reporting.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eExplanation of the results of regression analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe extracellular water ratio in tumor patients generally increases with disease progression, heightened malnutrition, and decreased protein levels(Zheng KW\u0026nbsp;et\u0026nbsp;al.,2021), which is consistent with findings from previous studies. However, the linear regression analysis in this study revealed that malnutrition, prealbumin, and albumin were not independent influencing factors for the elevated ECW/TBW in tumor patients.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSerum sodium, the most critical electrolyte for maintaining tissue osmotic pressure, did not exhibit a significant correlation with the extracellular water ratio in the univariate analysis of this project. Nevertheless, based on professional knowledge, the research team decided to include serum sodium levels in the regression analysis. The results indicate that serum sodium levels do have an independent effect on the increase in the extracellular water ratio. Furthermore, age, gender, potassium, and hemoglobin, which are not initially considered to be associated with edema, also demonstrated an independent effect.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrevious results from physical examinations in healthy populations revealed that the extracellular water ratio was lower in males than in females, and it gradually increases with age(Ritz P et al.,2008). The regression analysis results in this study showed that although the partial regression coefficient of age to ECW/TBW was minimal, it still exhibited statistical significance. This finding indicates that the change of ECW/TBW in tumor patients with age was generally consistent with that of normal individuals. Notably, the discovery that the extracellular water ratio is higher in males than in females diverges from the water distribution characteristics of the normal population. This discrepancy may be due to differences in the regulatory effects of androgens and estrogens on the human renin-angiotensin system (RAS), potentially resulting in higher RAS activity in males than in females. This higher activity is evidenced by a greater tendency for males to develop water sodium retention, hypokalemia, and hypertension compared to females(Ritz P et al.,2007). Many tumors exhibit increased expression of angiotensin and its receptors(Afsar B et al.,2021;\u0026nbsp;Hicks BM et al.,2018), and RAS is relatively activated in some tumor populations. The positive regulation of this system by androgens may explain the higher ECW/TBW in males compared to females observed in this study. The effect of electrolytes on ECW/TBW in the regression analysis shows that an increase in serum sodium and a decrease in serum potassium accompany an increase in the extracellular water ratio, further supporting this hypothesis. RAS activation in tumor patients is a current research hotspot.This system activation can promote tumor progression and metastasis through downstream signaling pathways, leading to poorer patient survival. For example, Prof. Ryan M. Young\u0026apos;s team found that oncogenic RAS mutations activate mTORC1 signalling in multiple myeloma and combining mTORC1 and MEK/ERK inhibitors synergize to improve survival in preclinical models(Yandan Yang et\u0026nbsp;al.,2022). Meanwhile, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, which inhibit the activity of this system, can improve the survival of some tumors. Consequently, patients with increased ECW/TBW, combined with high serum sodium and low potassium, should be monitored closely.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe results of the regression analysis suggested that a decrease in hemoglobin could also lead to an increase in the ratio of extracellular water.The phase angle analysis results were consistent with the univariate analysis and still exhibited the most significant effect on the extracellular water ratio (standardized partial regression coefficient Beta=-0.779, P\u0026lt;0.001). Therefore, it can be speculated that the early increase in ECW/TBW may primarily stem from abnormal cell membrane function and is not due to factors such as hypoproteinemia, increased microvascular permeability, and other imbalances in intra- and extravascular fluid exchange. The modes of water entering and leaving the cell include free diffusion and assisted diffusion, with the direction of movement depending on the osmotic pressure inside and outside the cell membrane.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAquaporin (AQP) is a carrier protein that facilitates the diffusion of water into and out of cell membranes, and is widely expressed in various tissues and organs throughout the body. \u0026nbsp;Its dysregulation has been observed in a variety of tumors(Moosavi MS, Elham Y,2020; Abulizi A, Dawuti A \u0026amp; Yang BX,2023). The regulation of its expression is influenced by tissue hyperosmolarity, hypoxia, and ischemia. Anemia can exacerbate tissue hypoxia, which can further inducing dysregulation of water channel protein expression and result in the accumulation of hyperosmotic metabolic products in the body\u0026apos;s tissue fluid(Jonker S et al.,2003). This facilitates the rapid movement of water across cell membranes along the osmotic pressure gradient. Recent studies suggest(Pan JW et al.,2021) that edema may also promote tumor proliferation by inducing abnormal expression of AQP. The role of aquaporins in tumor progression and metastasis is a current research hotspot, but some aspects of the mechanism remain unclear and warrant further investigation through clinical and basic research. Relevant targeted drugs are also undergoing active trials(Charlestin V et al.,2022; Varricchio A, Yool AJ,2023).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe integrity of the structure and function of the lipid bilayer and membrane proteins in human cell membranes is the physiological basis for normal phase angle (PA). A reduction in PA indicates a disruption of the cell membrane structure that maintains the homeostasis of the internal environment, which may also facilitate, to some extent, the passage of water through the cell membrane by free diffusion.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on the above analysis, it is preliminarily concluded that the early elevation of ECW/TBW is primarily attributed to cell membrane damage in tumor patients. The combination of relative activation of the RAS system, leading to water-sodium retention and potassium excretion, along with tissue hypoxia due to anemia, promotes increased tissue osmotic pressure in the body. This may be accompanied by abnormal expression of water channel proteins, ultimately resulting in the increased transfer of intracellular water to the extracellular compartment. Age may be a physiological factor contributing to the decline of cell membrane function, and differences in the degree of RAS regulation by sex hormones could lead to increased extracellular water more commonly in males. The early increase in ECW/TBW, with the risk of adverse reactions and disease recurrence progression, also warrants follow-up study. However, due to the large number of tumor species included in this study and the small proportion of some tumor species, the statistical analysis did not adjust for tumor confounding, so it cannot yet be inferred that every tumor fits the above characteristics. In particular, those with a relatively low proportion of tumor species need to be expanded in future studies for more in-depth analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe present study has several limitations. First, the retrospective single-center design is prone to bias. Second, the small sample size may also be a source of bias. Third, further prospective studies are needed to confirm whether the ECW/TBW predicts long-term OS, or whether it exhibits dynamic changes according to the patient\u0026apos;s general condition and treatment response. Previous studies have indicated that the ECW/TBW is associated with clinical outcomes in cases involving chronic liver diseases, renal disorders, heart failure(Kyohei Kishino et al.,2020; Shuai Liu et al.,2022; Kyu-Sun Lee et al.,2023). Kaiwen Zheng had found that ECW/TBW was related to the prognosis of people with advanced cancer(Zheng KW et al.,2021). However, because they were selected from patients with advanced tumors and did not remove cases with obvious clinical signs of edema, they could not be corrected in time with appropriate clinical interventions.We will continue to follow up in later studies to include more samples and develop more reliable statistical models to validate the effect of tumor type, treatment strategy, specific chemotherapy regimen, and other factors on the increase in extracellular water, as well as incorporate patient follow-up data to track the occurrence of edema and its potential impact on patient survival.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, the most significant distinction between this study and previous research lies in the selected population, which comprised patients without clinical signs of edema. Even if water retention occurred within this population, it might have been easily overlooked by clinicians due to the absence of suitable indicators. The potential biased selection of the study population could have resulted in several body composition parameters, such as ECW/TBW, not fully conforming to the normal distribution. Nevertheless, as an analysis of influencing factors, this study still possesses certain implications. From the results of this study, it becomes evident that the early increase in ECW/TBW was not influenced by commonly considered clinical factors, such as disease progression, heightened malnutrition, and reduced protein levels. These factors often contribute to further increases in ECW/TBW until the onset of overt edema. Hence, for patients who do not exhibit signs of edema, attention should be directed to the analyzed indices to determine if the extracellular water ratio has increased. Based on the study\u0026apos;s findings, for men with advanced age, concurrent anemia, high blood sodium, and low blood potassium, it is advisable to conduct body composition testing to determine the presence of increased ECW/TBW and low phase angle. Timely correction of these parameters through corresponding clinical interventions is anticipated to maintain the body\u0026apos;s homeostasis and prevent complications. Additionally, this approach holds positive significance for the further prevention and treatment of tumor progression, recurrence, and metastasis.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe early factors influencing water retention in tumor patients primarily stem from abnormal cell membrane function, but are also impacted by age, gender, anemia, and electrolyte levels. Timely body composition testing can assist in subsequent intervention decision-making.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Anqing First People\u0026rsquo;s Hospital of Anhui Medical University.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;ethical number is AQYY--YXLL--KJXM--10.\u0026nbsp;The patient provided their written informed consent to participate in this study. All procedures followed the Declaration of Helsinki for research involving human subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding Statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work was supported by Anhui Medical University Foundation\u0026nbsp;（2022xkj230）and Scientific Research Program of Anqing Municipal Health Commission(AQWJ2022020.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare no conflicts of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeclaration\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA preprint has previously been published( ZHU heling et al.,2023).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003cp\u003e[1] Leslye RC, Maiken BH, Morten AP, et al. 2020. 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Analysis of factors influencing the increase of extracellular water ratio in tumor patients without edema signs , PREPRINT (Version 1) available at Research Square.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp\u003eTable 1\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 4.3e+2pt;border: none;\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:126.15pt;border:none;border-top:solid black 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:9.35pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eClinical data\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:79.5pt;border:none;border-top:solid black 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:9.35pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" style=\"width:223.5pt;border:none;border-top:solid black 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:9.35pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003epeople tested\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e（\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eN=274\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:126.15pt;border:none;border-top:solid black 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:9.35pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:79.5pt;border:none;border-top:solid black 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:9.35pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:74.3pt;border:none;border-top:solid black 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:9.35pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eN\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e（\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:95.3pt;border:none;border-top:solid black 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:9.35pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height: 200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003es\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:53.9pt;border:none;border-top:solid black 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:9.35pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eMedian\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 126.15pt;border-width: 1pt medium medium;border-style: solid none none;border-color: black currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: none;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19.2pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eAge*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;border-width: 1pt medium medium;border-style: solid none none;border-color: black currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: none;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19.2pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e21~88\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;border-width: 1pt medium medium;border-style: solid none none;border-color: black currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: none;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19.2pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;border-width: 1pt medium medium;border-style: solid none none;border-color: black currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: none;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19.2pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;border-width: 1pt medium medium;border-style: solid none none;border-color: black currentcolor currentcolor;border-image: none;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19.2pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e58\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 126.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eGender\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eMale\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e144\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e（\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e52.55\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eFemale\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times 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style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 126.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ePS score\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e47\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e（\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e17.15\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New 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style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e106\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e（\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e75.18\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New 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style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 126.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ePG-SGA score*\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e1-19\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New 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style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eStage I\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e（\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e9.49\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eStage II\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e62\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e（\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e22.63\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eStage III\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e77\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e（\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e28.10\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eStage IV\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e109\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e（\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e39.78\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 126.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eHgb(g/L)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e67.00~163.00\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e110.43\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e16.93\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 126.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ePAB(mg/L)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e44.00~495.00\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e229.65\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e76.45\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 126.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eALB(g/L)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e27.1~49.2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e39.16\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e4.62\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 126.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eSerum sodium(mmol/L)*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e121.8~153.00\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e141.10\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 126.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eSerum potassium(mmol/L)*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e2.83~5.85\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e4.21\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 126.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eECW/TBW(%)*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e37.30~42.00\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e39.10\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 126.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eSMI(kg/m2)*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e3.20~9.70\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e6.50\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 126.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19.3pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eBFP(%)*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19.3pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e3.00~44.60\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19.3pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n 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style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ePA(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e\u0026deg;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e)*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e2.20~6.60\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e4.60\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 126.15pt;border-width: medium medium 1.5pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor black;border-image: none;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eBMI(kg/m2)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 79.5pt;border-width: medium medium 1.5pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor black;border-image: none;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e12.90~32.80\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 74.3pt;border-width: medium medium 1.5pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor black;border-image: none;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95.3pt;border-width: medium medium 1.5pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor black;border-image: none;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e21.75\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e3.55\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 53.9pt;border-width: medium medium 1.5pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor black;border-image: none;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 1.15pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 2\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 4.3e+2pt;border: none;\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width:116.15pt;border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eClinical data\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;border-top:solid windowtext 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;color:black;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:175.5pt;border-top:solid windowtext 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eECW/TBW\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e（\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;border-top:solid windowtext 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ers\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eP\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:93.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eRank average\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eP\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:116.15pt;border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eAge\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.497\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:93.0pt;border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n 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\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:116.15pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:93.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eFemale\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e：\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e117.12\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:116.15pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ePS score\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:93.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e：\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e105.77\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:116.15pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:93.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e：\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e139.75\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:116.15pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:93.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e：\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e186.48\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:116.15pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ePG-SGA score\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.453\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 93pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:116.15pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eTumor stage\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 93pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eStage I\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e：\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e94.85\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:116.15pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 93pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eStage II\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e：\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e118.32\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:116.15pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 93pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eStage III\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e：\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e133.24\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:116.15pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 93pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eStage IV\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e：\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e161.59\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 116.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eHgb(g/L)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.424\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:93.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 116.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ePAB(mg/L)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.463\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:93.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 116.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eALB(g/L)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.443\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:93.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 116.15pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eSerum sodium(mmol/L)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.051\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.399\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:93.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 116.15pt;border-width: medium medium 1.5pt;border-style: none none solid;border-color: currentcolor currentcolor rgb(8, 0, 0);border-image: none;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eSerum potassium(mmol/L)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.282\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:82.5pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:93.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:55.0pt;border:none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:center;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 3\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 4.3e+2pt;border: none;\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width:63.15pt;border-top:solid #080000 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eIndices\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:95.85pt;border-top:solid #080000 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eECW/TBW\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:91.9pt;border-top:solid #080000 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eSMI\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:86.85pt;border-top:solid #080000 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eBFP\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:91.4pt;border-top:solid #080000 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ePA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:49.75pt;border-top:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ers\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:46.1pt;border-top:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eP\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:45.95pt;border-top:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ers\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:45.95pt;border-top:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eP\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:40.9pt;border-top:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-right:none;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ers\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:45.95pt;border-top:solid #080000 1.0pt;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #080000 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style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eBeta\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:81.5pt;border:none;border-top:solid #080000 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:10.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e95%CI\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:45.0pt;border:none;border-top:solid #080000 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:10.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003et\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:50.0pt;border:none;border-top:solid #080000 1.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:10.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eP\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:145.65pt;border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eConstant term\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:54.5pt;border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n 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7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eAge\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:54.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.009\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:52.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New 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style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:145.65pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eGender\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:54.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New 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style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-5.209\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:50.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:145.65pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ePS score\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:54.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.091\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:52.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.047\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:81.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.198~0.017\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:45.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-1.656\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:50.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.099\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:145.65pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003ePG-SGA score\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:54.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.008\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:52.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.030\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n 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style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.007\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:81.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.045~0.057\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:45.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.240\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd 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style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.003\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:52.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.062\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:81.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.007~0.000\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:45.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-2.070\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:50.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.039\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 145.65pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New 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style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.001~0.000\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:45.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-1.209\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:50.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.228\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 145.65pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eALB(g/L)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:54.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.002\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:52.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.009\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:81.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.015~0.012\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:45.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.254\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:50.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.800\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 145.65pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eserum sodium(mmol/L)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:54.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.019\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:52.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.069\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:81.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.004~0.034\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:45.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e2.556\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:50.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.011\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 145.65pt;padding: 0in 7pt;height: 19pt;vertical-align: top;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eserum potassium(mmol/L)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:54.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.180\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:52.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.089\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:81.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.287~-0.074\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:45.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-3.336\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:50.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:145.65pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003eBFP\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e（\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e%\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:SimSun;\"\u003e）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:54.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:52.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.012\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:81.5pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.008~0.006\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width:45.0pt;padding:0in 7.0pt 0in 7.0pt;height:19.0pt;\"\u003e\n \u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;line-height:200%;'\u003e\u003cspan style='font-size:13px;line-height:200%;font-family:\"Times New Roman\",serif;'\u003e-0.337\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n 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\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp style='margin:0in;text-align:justify;font-size:14px;font-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;'\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"ECW/TBW, tumor, Body composition, phase angle, edema","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2651718/v2","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2651718/v2","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eObjective \u003c/strong\u003eThis study aims to examine the factors contributing to the increase in extracellular water to total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) among tumor patients without visible edema, and to offer insights into the diagnosis and prompt management of early water retention in such patients.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods\u003c/strong\u003e A cohort of 274 tumor patients admitted to Anqing First People's Hospital, affiliated with Anhui Medical University between December 2020 and December 2022, were selected, excluding those with clinically observable edema. General clinical data, main laboratory test outcomes, and body composition indices were gathered. Valuable variables were identified for linear regression analysis using ECW/TBW, based on professional knowledge and univariate analysis results.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults \u003c/strong\u003eAge, gender, hemoglobin, serum sodium, serum potassium, and phase angle (PA) were determined as independent influencing factors for elevated ECW/TBW. ECW/TBW increased with age (partial regression coefficient B=0.009, P=0.001), was higher in males than in females (B=-0.349, P\u0026lt;0.001), and was negatively affected by hemoglobin (Hgb) (B=-0.003, P=0.039). Serum sodium had a positive influence on ECW/TBW (B=0.019, P=0.011), while serum potassium exhibited a negative effect (B=-0.180, P=0.001). PA was the most influential factor among all independent variables affecting ECW/TBW (B=-1.006, P\u0026lt;0.001). Nonetheless, Performance Status (PS) score, Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score, tumor stage, prealbumin, albumin, and body fat percentage were not identified as independent factors influencing elevated ECW/TBW.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion \u003c/strong\u003eThe early factors influencing water retention in tumor patients primarily stem from abnormal cell membrane function, but are also impacted by age, gender, anemia, and electrolyte levels. Timely body composition testing can assist in subsequent intervention decision-making.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Analysis of factors influencing the increase of extracellular water ratio in tumor patients without edema signs","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":2,"date":"2024-03-27 14:24:45","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2651718/v2","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}},{"code":1,"date":"2023-03-13 13:06:56","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-2651718/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"eb094df4-2334-416e-bb1a-a1590408c8c0","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 27th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2023-04-03T14:59:30+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-03-27 14:24:45","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v2","identity":"rs-2651718","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-2651718","identity":"rs-2651718","version":["v2"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}