Assessment of a Video based Virtual Reality Environment for Triage Instruction

Assessment of a Video based Virtual Reality Environment for Triage Instruction | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Assessment of a Video based Virtual Reality Environment for Triage Instruction Jan Carlo Del Tedesco, Maximilian Brandes, Markus Flentje, Hendrik Eismann This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8567977/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 8 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background: This study wants to evaluate Virtual Reality (VR) technology as a tool to simulate and instruct basic triage. In mass casualty events evaluation of patients is an impactful skill to optimize patients’ survival. Prehospital triage is needed rarely, but is important. Acquiring routine needs lots of human, financial and device resources. VR learning tools could take an effective and cost-efficient part in educating triage. Methods: Triage was performed by physicians with residency in prehospital emergency medicine in a 360° virtual reality setting. In a multistep concept, questionnaires about their VR experiences and demography are filled out before a familiarization was done. Afterwards, they performed a VR triage on simulated 50 patients during a mass casualty event. Evaluation was done via questionnaires on “cyber sickness, “system utility” and accessibility and “presence”Inductive statistics were done with SPSS 31 using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results: Even though 50% of the participants had no experience in VR prior to the simulation, utility was rated with a high score (mean = 78.875). No significant amount of cyber sickness occurred; all measured symptoms were rated low by the participants (mean = 2.142). General presence was rated with a moderate number (GP = 0.75). No simulation was shortened, paused or stopped. Conclusion: Education centers might profit from with 360° VR systems due to its scoring, fast world building and comparably low costs. Disciplines like disaster medicine can profit from VR education. Virtual Reality VR Mixed Reality Emergency Medicine Disaster Medicine Triage Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files QuestionaireBasics.pdf VRquestionarepart1.pdf VRquestionairepart2.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 04 Mar, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 15 Feb, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 13 Feb, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 13 Feb, 2026 Editor invited by journal 21 Jan, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 21 Jan, 2026 First submitted to journal 21 Jan, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8567977","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":592862347,"identity":"d825d0ae-6069-4905-bc16-67e22004d1d9","order_by":0,"name":"Jan Carlo Del Tedesco","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hannover Medical School","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jan","middleName":"Carlo Del","lastName":"Tedesco","suffix":""},{"id":592862353,"identity":"3dbe2ed2-bdbb-4fe3-9a9d-335b1da464b6","order_by":1,"name":"Maximilian Brandes","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hannover Medical 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In mass casualty events evaluation of patients is an impactful skill to optimize patients’ survival. Prehospital triage is needed rarely, but is important. Acquiring routine needs lots of human, financial and device resources. VR learning tools could take an effective and cost-efficient part in educating triage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods: \u003c/strong\u003eTriage was performed by physicians with residency in prehospital emergency medicine in a 360° virtual reality setting. In a multistep concept, questionnaires about their VR experiences and demography are filled out before a familiarization was done. Afterwards, they performed a VR triage on simulated 50 patients during a mass casualty event. 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