Electronically Steered MIMO Patch Antenna with Conformal Feeding for 5 G Applications

Electronically Steered MIMO Patch Antenna with Conformal Feeding for 5 G Applications | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Electronically Steered MIMO Patch Antenna with Conformal Feeding for 5 G Applications monish gupta This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-316702/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 2 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Multiple input multiple output antenna is the key technology which enables the design of 5 G networks. In order to achieve desired beam forming and side lobe reduction capabilities, antennas used in MIMO technology are required to feed with signals having different phase and amplitude. It is possible to achieve variable phase shift and variable attenuation using phase shifter and amplitude limiters. However when these devices are used between source and antenna, they makes the system non planner and non-conformal. This research presents a 16 element, multiple user MIMO Patch antenna with conformal and planner power divider network to achieve electronically steered beam along with desired side lobe level reduction. Wilkinson power divider is used to achieve conformal and planner power divider for MIMO antenna. Desired beam forming capabilities are achieved by controlling the phase of input signal to antennas by controlling the length of microstripline and desired side lobe reduction capabilities are achieved by controlling the amplitude of input signal to antenna by controlling the width of microstrip line used in Wilkinson power divider. This provides an overall planner and conformal structure. In this research same antenna is used is generate two major beams by controlling the phase and amplitude of input signal. The achieved radiation pattern of designed antenna consists of one major beams having gain of 18 dB and located at theta equal to 100 and Phi equal to 1800. When phase of input signal to antennas are changed a major beam having gain of 18 dB and located at theta equal to 100 and Phi equal to 2700 is obtained. The side lobe level less than 13 dB of main beam is achieved using designed antenna. The designed structure is simulated and analyzed using HFSS. Simulated results for the designed MIMO antenna are verified by analyzing the fabricating structure using vector network analyzer and horn antenna. Systems and Networking Technical Communication Multiple Input and Multiple Output Antenna (MIMO) Wilkinson Power Divider (WPD) Patch Antenna Microstrip Line Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editor assigned by journal 17 Mar, 2021 First submitted to journal 10 Mar, 2021 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-316702","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":26527002,"identity":"6f4eb2dd-c74e-4ffe-9c92-8dfcbf626911","order_by":0,"name":"monish gupta","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5822-2691","institution":"kurukshetra university","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"monish","middleName":"","lastName":"gupta","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2021-03-10 20:16:37","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-316702/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-316702/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":9137329,"identity":"a893f2e4-872a-4270-9af3-a7776e5439f4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:44:01","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":82691,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Patch antenna array","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/9da2e6094567f24dfa3914ae.png"},{"id":9137211,"identity":"2ffaf820-49eb-45bc-8640-fa37ad4d54ce","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:41:01","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":47180,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Wilkinson power divider","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/8d4aa05951bc4fa79acb4de7.png"},{"id":9137334,"identity":"3f0d5927-1cd6-496b-a3f2-fda2646cf94b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:44:02","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":313241,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Fabricated prototypes of MIMO along with VNA","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/4c8002802b8d6fd359b7e2c9.png"},{"id":9137332,"identity":"35389656-3b23-4bb1-99d3-7a8303bd3878","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:44:02","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":44615,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Return loss of Patch antenna ","description":"","filename":"4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/6622e62ed21c2e8b0cd50ff0.png"},{"id":9137975,"identity":"21eab4df-4025-4055-82b3-4a8e17cdf4e1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:50:02","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":73851,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Directive Gain of Patch antenna","description":"","filename":"5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/2d8658fbb79956d71b5eed0c.png"},{"id":9137331,"identity":"c53e5569-ab20-45bb-938d-86430d5d68ab","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:44:02","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":56936,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Maximum Directive Gain of Patch antenna","description":"","filename":"6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/23b0d377774cad1c253a1db2.png"},{"id":9137222,"identity":"8a3e503f-f26a-4358-8555-72db179de3bb","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:41:02","extension":"png","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":38303,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"S12 Parameters between port (1) and Port(2)","description":"","filename":"7.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/68975a0feec5e33e37727617.png"},{"id":9137337,"identity":"b857ddc0-daf4-431d-8ace-e12c67170b3e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:44:02","extension":"png","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":38234,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"S12 Parameters between port (1) and Port(2)\n","description":"","filename":"8.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/c20aa5e512338900ef734d28.png"},{"id":9137215,"identity":"34aca923-526f-48f8-ace4-abf9a52bfc44","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:41:02","extension":"png","order_by":9,"title":"Figure 9","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":52197,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Phase of S12 and S13 Parameters","description":"","filename":"9.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/8945be1bb8d7622d0c361ace.png"},{"id":9137333,"identity":"b9ccfa45-5296-4a00-a521-2f09d20ea70e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:44:02","extension":"png","order_by":10,"title":"Figure 10","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":58042,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Phase of S12 and S13 Parameters\n","description":"","filename":"10.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/7f399842a23ad692db3be70d.png"},{"id":9137733,"identity":"e2dacd89-fdd6-4019-8094-66804d37c02f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:47:02","extension":"png","order_by":11,"title":"Figure 11","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":88155,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Radiation Pattern of MIMO Antenna.\n","description":"","filename":"11.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/469321221657392dd37016fc.png"},{"id":9137223,"identity":"761da5d3-69ed-44d4-b9ed-44ff62fc5b4a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:41:03","extension":"png","order_by":12,"title":"Figure 12","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":83335,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Maximum directive gain and Side lobe level of MIMO \nAntenna.\n","description":"","filename":"12.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/b9af0af600045ba498a4809e.png"},{"id":9137330,"identity":"6af09d0a-7f1a-48d7-bf29-8dfe95304c99","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:44:02","extension":"png","order_by":13,"title":"Figure 13","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":215093,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Radiation Pattern of MIMO Antenna.","description":"","filename":"13.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/688ee6189185d058e1efea99.png"},{"id":9137976,"identity":"249e538b-51f0-4ec5-bf68-19ca74d2a06c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:50:02","extension":"png","order_by":14,"title":"Figure 14","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":79742,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Maximum directive gain and Side lobe level of MIMO \nAntenna.","description":"","filename":"14.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1/bbd529674e51cb5e3e556e94.png"},{"id":13631278,"identity":"4961c7d6-7190-418f-8f94-bbc801084746","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-09-17 08:16:06","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":988597,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"monishgupta.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1_covered.pdf"},{"id":9137978,"identity":"13f618bb-46c5-4c31-85aa-eb8a13c55a10","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-05-13 12:50:15","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":985103,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"monishgupta.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-316702/v1_covered.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eElectronically Steered MIMO Patch Antenna with Conformal Feeding for 5 G Applications\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"This preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-316702/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e."}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"wireless-personal-communications","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"wire","sideBox":"Learn more about [Wireless Personal Communications](https://www.springer.com/journal/11277)","snPcode":"11277","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11277/3","title":"Wireless Personal Communications","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Multiple Input and Multiple Output Antenna (MIMO), Wilkinson Power Divider (WPD), Patch Antenna, Microstrip Line","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-316702/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-316702/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Multiple input multiple output antenna is the key technology which enables the design of 5 G networks. In order to achieve desired beam forming and side lobe reduction capabilities, antennas used in MIMO technology are required to feed with signals having different phase and amplitude. It is possible to achieve variable phase shift and variable attenuation using phase shifter and amplitude limiters. However when these devices are used between source and antenna, they makes the system non planner and non-conformal. This research presents a 16 element, multiple user MIMO Patch antenna with conformal and planner power divider network to achieve electronically steered beam along with desired side lobe level reduction. Wilkinson power divider is used to achieve conformal and planner power divider for MIMO antenna. Desired beam forming capabilities are achieved by controlling the phase of input signal to antennas by controlling the length of microstripline and desired side lobe reduction capabilities are achieved by controlling the amplitude of input signal to antenna by controlling the width of microstrip line used in Wilkinson power divider. This provides an overall planner and conformal structure. In this research same antenna is used is generate two major beams by controlling the phase and amplitude of input signal. The achieved radiation pattern of designed antenna consists of one major beams having gain of 18 dB and located at theta equal to 100 and Phi equal to 1800. When phase of input signal to antennas are changed a major beam having gain of 18 dB and located at theta equal to 100 and Phi equal to 2700 is obtained. The side lobe level less than 13 dB of main beam is achieved using designed antenna. The designed structure is simulated and analyzed using HFSS. Simulated results for the designed MIMO antenna are verified by analyzing the fabricating structure using vector network analyzer and horn antenna.","manuscriptTitle":"Electronically Steered MIMO Patch Antenna with Conformal Feeding for 5 G Applications","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2021-05-13 12:41:00","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-316702/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2021-03-18T00:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Wireless Personal Communications","date":"2021-03-10T05:40:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"wireless-personal-communications","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"wire","sideBox":"Learn more about [Wireless Personal Communications](https://www.springer.com/journal/11277)","snPcode":"11277","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11277/3","title":"Wireless Personal Communications","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"e423e07a-e91e-407c-a53a-293eae007ba0","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 13th, 2021","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":4296668,"name":"Systems and Networking"},{"id":4296669,"name":"Technical Communication"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2021-11-23T05:12:40+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2021-05-13 12:41:00","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-316702","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-316702","identity":"rs-316702","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"WrCJVZZCHTDjtuVLN7oU0","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}