Sustainable Input Management Through IoT And Green Nanotechnology in Organic Farming

Sustainable Input Management Through IoT And Green Nanotechnology in Organic Farming | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Sustainable Input Management Through IoT And Green Nanotechnology in Organic Farming Tarun Madan Kanade, Susmita Suresh Pagare This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8493792/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Overuse of synthetic agrochemicals in traditional farming has caused soil deterioration, microbial imbalance, and ecosystem toxicity. This research suggests combining green nanotechnology with smart farming to provide a sustainable plant protection solution for organic agriculture. The green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using aqueous extracts from Azadirachta indica (neem), a well-known indigenous medicinal plant with significant antibacterial properties. UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, and SEM confirmed the biosynthesized nanoparticles' crystalline structure, shape, and functional group interaction. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were tested for antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using agar well diffusion tests. Significant inhibitory zones confirmed their potential as a plant disease control bio-input. To improve efficiency, an IoT-based monitoring framework was created employing temperature, humidity, and leaf wetness sensors and a mobile dashboard. This allowed real-time plant stress monitoring and automatic ZnO NP administration using a low-volume sprayer device. The system also tracks disease prevalence, input utilization, and crop health for informed decision-making and certification-related digital record-keeping. This multidisciplinary approach shows how indigenous ethnobotanical knowledge, sustainable nanomaterials, and smart agricultural technology work together. Its scalable, eco-efficient, and farmer-friendly plant protection technology supports sustainable agriculture and climate-resilient food systems. Zinc oxide nanoparticles green synthesis indigenous medicinal plants IoT agriculture organic farming antibacterial bioinputs sustainable input management Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8493792","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":586426707,"identity":"b58c8003-700b-4a93-9307-0cd19b9b1df5","order_by":0,"name":"Tarun Madan Kanade","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA0UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYPCCBBBhwPCBQQJIMzbgVcuDrIVxBslamHmIcZE9+9ln0gUMafLm7Ic3Prb5YyGn28Dc9gCvLTzpZtIzGHIMd/akFRvntkkYmx1gbDfA77A0NmkehgrGDQdyzKRzGyQStx1gbJPAq4X/GViL/Ybzb8x/W/whRosE2JacxA03csyYGdiI0XLjGbM1j0Fa8oYbz4ole0F+OUxAC3t/GuNtnopk2w3nkzd++PGnTs7sePszvFogACWEmAmrHwWjYBSMglFAAAAAWUpAIVEB5mIAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Symbiosis Institute of Operations Management","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tarun","middleName":"Madan","lastName":"Kanade","suffix":""},{"id":586426708,"identity":"14f0d1d0-c352-4d4d-8b66-d31cd4793e1c","order_by":1,"name":"Susmita Suresh Pagare","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Symbiosis Institute of Operations Management","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Susmita","middleName":"Suresh","lastName":"Pagare","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-01-01 07:38:28","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8493792/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8493792/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":106391194,"identity":"0c7faeec-0c61-45d9-a3b6-d8282fb628f6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-08 07:13:47","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1177916,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"FullManuscriptJournalDrTarun.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8493792/v1_covered_f26b88e5-3a93-4b03-8781-dcdf93e1164f.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Sustainable Input Management Through IoT And Green Nanotechnology in Organic Farming","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Zinc oxide nanoparticles, green synthesis, indigenous medicinal plants, IoT agriculture, organic farming, antibacterial bioinputs, sustainable input management","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8493792/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8493792/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eOveruse of synthetic agrochemicals in traditional farming has caused soil deterioration, microbial imbalance, and ecosystem toxicity. 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