Pan-Cancer Genetic Profiles of Mitotic DNA Integrity Checkpoint Protein Kinases

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND The mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling pathway is potentially involved in cancers that regulate genomic stability where protein kinases play a pivotal role. 16 total protein kinase genes are involved in this pathway: ATM, BRSK1, CDK1, CDK2, CHEK1, CHEK2, MAP3K20, NEK11, PLK1, PLK2, PLK3, PRKDC, STK33, TAOK1, TAOK2, and TAOK3. This study aims to provide pan-cancer profiles of the protein kinases in mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling gene set for potential prognostic and diagnostic purposes, as well as future potential therapeutic targets for cancer in a clinical setting. METHODS Multi-omic data was acquired for the 16 genes; over 9000 samples of 33 types of cancer were analyzed to create pan-cancer profiles of SNV, CNV, methylation, mRNA expression, pathway crosstalk, and microRNA regulation networks. RESULTS The SNV profile showed that most of these genes have a high SNV mutation frequency across some cancer types, such as UCEC and SKCM. The CNVs of some of these genes are associated with the survival of UCEC, KIRP, and LGG. BRCA, KIRC, LUAD, and STAD might be affected by the mRNA expression of these genes which might involve regulation of copy number, methylation, and miRNA. In addition, these genes also cross-talk with some known cancer pathways. CONCLUSION The protein kinases in mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling may play a role in cancer development and, with adequate research, could potentially be developed as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, further efforts are necessary to validate their clinical value for diagnosis and prognosis and to develop practical applications in clinical settings. Nevertheless, these pan-cancer profiles offer a better overall understanding as well as useful information for future reference regarding mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling in cancer.