Synthesis of Al-Doped SBA-15, MCM-41, MCM-48 by Incorporation and Catalytic Performance in Propylene oligomerization

Synthesis of Al-Doped SBA-15, MCM-41, MCM-48 by Incorporation and Catalytic Performance in Propylene oligomerization | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Synthesis of Al-Doped SBA-15, MCM-41, MCM-48 by Incorporation and Catalytic Performance in Propylene oligomerization Mihai Ion POSTELNICU, Diana Luciana CURSARU, Dănuța MATEI, Sonia MIHAI This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9232415/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Aluminum-doped mesoporous silica materials SBA-15, MCM-41, and MCM-48 were synthesized by direct incorporation and then investigated for gas-phase oligomerization of propylene at temperatures 433-503K and 5 atm pressure. The synthesis method aimed to create aluminum-based active centers suitable for catalytic processes. The resulting samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption–desorption (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that aluminum incorporated during synthesis is homogeneously distributed within the silica framework, and the synthesized materials possess unique structural characteristics, including a large specific surface area, high pore volume, and tunable pore sizes within the mesoporous range of 2 to 50 nm. Catalytic tests showed that propylene conversion and productivity increase with temperature following Arrhenius behavior (Ea, app = 39 – 55 kJ/mol), while flow rate experiments indicated negligible external diffusion limitations. Time-on-stream analysis revealed progressive deactivation due to pore blocking by heavier oligomers. Among the studied catalysts, Al-SBA-15 exhibited the highest conversion, superior selectivity toward heavier products (C10-C12+) and improved stability, highlighting the critical role of pore size and connectivity in controlling activity and selectivity during propylene oligomerization. Al-SBA-15 Al-MCM-41 Al-MCM-48 incorporation oligomerization propylene Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9232415","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":613509081,"identity":"0bad8b58-52a6-4b1f-8632-1f84d1db873f","order_by":0,"name":"Mihai Ion POSTELNICU","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mihai","middleName":"Ion","lastName":"POSTELNICU","suffix":""},{"id":613509089,"identity":"aa345f37-06de-470e-8856-2811f0d2705d","order_by":1,"name":"Diana Luciana CURSARU","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Diana","middleName":"Luciana","lastName":"CURSARU","suffix":""},{"id":613509092,"identity":"00b5ecb1-cb64-4ba5-aa7d-c8d995a136b0","order_by":2,"name":"Dănuța MATEI","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Dănuța","middleName":"","lastName":"MATEI","suffix":""},{"id":613509094,"identity":"5abbc6e1-7936-4df9-acb2-9170c4073aa9","order_by":3,"name":"Sonia MIHAI","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sonia","middleName":"","lastName":"MIHAI","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-26 09:54:04","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9232415/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9232415/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":109379627,"identity":"1bbcfece-f4be-4fd7-a733-8717303e2195","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-05-16 16:39:21","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1129348,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SynthesisofAlDopedSBA15MCM41MCM48byincorporationandCatalyticPerformanceinPropyleneOligomerization.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9232415/v1_covered_0113b2f2-1c97-4b67-ae78-2b9ba9840da9.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Synthesis of Al-Doped SBA-15, MCM-41, MCM-48 by Incorporation and Catalytic Performance in Propylene oligomerization","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Al-SBA-15, Al-MCM-41, Al-MCM-48, incorporation, oligomerization, propylene","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9232415/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9232415/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eAluminum-doped mesoporous silica materials SBA-15, MCM-41, and MCM-48 were synthesized by direct incorporation and then investigated for gas-phase oligomerization of propylene at temperatures 433-503K and 5 atm pressure. The synthesis method aimed to create aluminum-based active centers suitable for catalytic processes. The resulting samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption–desorption (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that aluminum incorporated during synthesis is homogeneously distributed within the silica framework, and the synthesized materials possess unique structural characteristics, including a large specific surface area, high pore volume, and tunable pore sizes within the mesoporous range of 2 to 50 nm. Catalytic tests showed that propylene conversion and productivity increase with temperature following Arrhenius behavior (Ea, app = 39 – 55 kJ/mol), while flow rate experiments indicated negligible external diffusion limitations. Time-on-stream analysis revealed progressive deactivation due to pore blocking by heavier oligomers. 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