Evaluating Frontoparietal Network Topography for Diagnostic Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease

Evaluating Frontoparietal Network Topography for Diagnostic Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Evaluating Frontoparietal Network Topography for Diagnostic Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease Bayard Rogers This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3961238/v2 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 18 Jun, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 2 posted 12 You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Abstract Numerous prospective biomarkers are being studied for their ability to diagnose various stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). High-density electroencephalogram (EEG) methods show promise as an accurate, economical, non-invasive approach to measuring the electrical potentials of brains associated with AD. Event-related potentials (ERPs) may serve as clinically useful biomarkers of AD. Through analysis of secondary data, the present study examined the performance and distribution of N4/P6 ERPs across the frontoparietal network (FPN) using EEG topographic mapping. ERP measures and memory as a function of reaction time (RT) were compared between a group of (n = 63) mild untreated AD patients and a control group of (n = 73) healthy age-matched adults. Based on the literature presented, it was expected that healthy controls would outperform patients in peak amplitude and mean component latency across three parameters of memory when measured at optimal N4 (frontal) and P6 (parietal) locations. It was also predicted that the control group would exhibit neural cohesion through FPN integration during cross-modal tasks, thus demonstrating healthy cognitive functioning consistent with older healthy adults. By targeting select frontal and parietal EEG reference channels based on N4/P6 component time windows and positivity, our findings demonstrated statistically significant group variations between controls and patients in N4/P6 peak amplitudes and latencies during cross-modal testing. Our results also support that the N4 ERP might be stronger than its P6 counterpart as a possible candidate biomarker. We conclude through topographic mapping that FPN integration occurs in healthy controls but is absent in AD patients during cross-modal memory tasks. Health sciences/Diseases Health sciences/Diseases/Neurological disorders Health sciences/Diseases/Neurological disorders/Dementia Health sciences/Diseases/Neurological disorders/Dementia/Alzheimers disease Alzheimer’s disease ERP frontoparietal memory N4 P6 topography Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files DataN400.csv DataP600.csv ADEPT.csv Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 18 Jun, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 2 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 13 May, 2024 Reviews received at journal 09 May, 2024 Reviews received at journal 09 May, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 Apr, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 Apr, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Apr, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Apr, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 28 Apr, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 28 Apr, 2024 Editor invited by journal 19 Apr, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 16 Apr, 2024 First submitted to journal 05 Apr, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3961238","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-02-20 20:29:49","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":459034236,"identity":"6b5b635a-2a4b-4b17-826c-845da81bd2c7","order_by":0,"name":"Bayard Rogers","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAuUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACZiCWA1INYJ4EMRpAWowZGBhJ1JLYQLQWg+Pnj0kX7rFJ33D8YAPDjxqGxJkNhLScSWaTnvEsLXfDmcQGxp5jDImzCdpyg5nZmOfA4dwNN4AO421gSJxHrJZ0A6AWxr9EamF8DNSSANLCDLKFoMMkzyQbPp5xIM1wJtAvh2WOSRgT9D7f8YMPDhccsJHnO3744MM3NTayMw4QsgYZHCAqIkfBKBgFo2AUEAYA7bNANE6KG2wAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"University of Glasgow","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Bayard","middleName":"","lastName":"Rogers","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-02-16 12:44:29","currentVersionCode":2,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3961238/v2","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3961238/v2","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64699-w","type":"published","date":"2024-06-19T00:00:00+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":83095597,"identity":"8ab50c73-8a78-4ed8-b47c-cb1255549960","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-20 03:11:14","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1825632,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"BROGERSSREFNT.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3961238/v2_covered_6be043f0-2682-4ffa-8ccf-751624e0f18d.pdf"},{"id":83094864,"identity":"af7ebae1-07e9-4ae2-b1c3-2c65c1579ef3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-19 09:18:39","extension":"csv","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":59681,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"DataN400.csv","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4221908/v1/654ae44f539524afa02bf0ca.csv"},{"id":83094866,"identity":"1129578a-71dd-4d36-ac2a-e9567b59dca1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-19 09:18:39","extension":"csv","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":61058,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"DataP600.csv","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4221908/v1/8277e9bad6766b3472696c89.csv"},{"id":83094868,"identity":"2ee62200-b5ef-4f64-b7f5-afef53ce3f01","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-19 09:18:39","extension":"csv","order_by":3,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":9527,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ADEPT.csv","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4221908/v1/7c9bd9bc027eacd61bb5fcc0.csv"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Evaluating Frontoparietal Network Topography for Diagnostic Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Alzheimer’s disease, ERP, frontoparietal, memory, N4, P6, topography","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3961238/v2","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3961238/v2","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Numerous prospective biomarkers are being studied for their ability to diagnose various stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). High-density electroencephalogram (EEG) methods show promise as an accurate, economical, non-invasive approach to measuring the electrical potentials of brains associated with AD. Event-related potentials (ERPs) may serve as clinically useful biomarkers of AD. Through analysis of secondary data, the present study examined the performance and distribution of N4/P6 ERPs across the frontoparietal network (FPN) using EEG topographic mapping. ERP measures and memory as a function of reaction time (RT) were compared between a group of (n = 63) mild untreated AD patients and a control group of (n = 73) healthy age-matched adults. Based on the literature presented, it was expected that healthy controls would outperform patients in peak amplitude and mean component latency across three parameters of memory when measured at optimal N4 (frontal) and P6 (parietal) locations. It was also predicted that the control group would exhibit neural cohesion through FPN integration during cross-modal tasks, thus demonstrating healthy cognitive functioning consistent with older healthy adults. By targeting select frontal and parietal EEG reference channels based on N4/P6 component time windows and positivity, our findings demonstrated statistically significant group variations between controls and patients in N4/P6 peak amplitudes and latencies during cross-modal testing. Our results also support that the N4 ERP might be stronger than its P6 counterpart as a possible candidate biomarker. We conclude through topographic mapping that FPN integration occurs in healthy controls but is absent in AD patients during cross-modal memory tasks.","manuscriptTitle":"Evaluating Frontoparietal Network Topography for Diagnostic Markers of Alzheimer’s Disease","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":2,"date":"2024-04-19 09:18:34","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3961238/v2","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-05-13T06:22:09+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-05-09T16:38:26+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-05-09T08:13:16+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"1f242133-b7bd-4284-8ba3-7f9beed96dd4","date":"2024-04-30T15:01:39+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"461f95be-e1c8-45b3-bf6c-9d690b43daa9","date":"2024-04-30T14:10:03+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"6fd63026-0dd2-4b2c-84a7-990fb7cbe8a3","date":"2024-04-29T09:00:41+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"a54c8218-6583-431d-b996-aa11e5642930","date":"2024-04-29T08:07:38+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2024-04-28T15:27:41+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-04-28T15:13:50+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2024-04-19T05:07:41+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-04-16T04:06:28+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2024-04-05T09:13:06+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"2bc15286-8a3a-46b3-8a33-da9eb9ebd68a","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 19th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[{"id":48763034,"name":"Health sciences/Diseases"},{"id":48763035,"name":"Health sciences/Diseases/Neurological disorders"},{"id":48763036,"name":"Health sciences/Diseases/Neurological disorders/Dementia"},{"id":48763037,"name":"Health sciences/Diseases/Neurological disorders/Dementia/Alzheimers disease"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-05-20T03:11:07+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-3961238","link":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64699-w","journal":{"identity":"scientific-reports","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Scientific Reports"},"publishedOn":"2024-06-19 00:00:00","publishedOnDateReadable":"June 19th, 2024"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-04-19 09:18:34","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1038/s41598-024-64699-w","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64699-w","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v2","identity":"rs-3961238","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-3961238","identity":"rs-3961238","version":["v2"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}