Integration of simulation-based teaching (low-cost simulator) for teaching cognitive, psychomotor and affective domains in physiology

Simulation based teaching is vital in preclinical sciences due to increasing student numbers, fewer patients and greater societal expectations. This approach enhances competency and patient outcome. Deliberate practice through simulation supports the competency based education emphasizing skill mastery over rote learning. Our institution integrates simulation in physiology curricula, targeting cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains. Low-cost simulators make medical education accessible, using innovative, resource-efficient models for skill training. Communication and attitudes are enhanced through standardized patients, fostering effective doctor-patient relationships. This prepares students for future clinical challenges by addressing the current limitations and aligning with the educational policies.