Development of a new endometrial microRNA-based signature for identifying window of implantation

Abstract Though tremendous advances have been made in the field of in vitro fertilization (IVF), a portion of patients are still troubled by embryo implantation failure issues. One of the significant factors contributing to implantation failure is a uterine condition called the displaced window of implantation (WOI), which results in an unsynchronized endometrium and embryo transfer time for IVF patients during treatment. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can be important indicators in the reproductive process, regulating important functions such as embryo development, organ development, and cytokinesis. In this study, we have built and validated a microRNA-based prediction model for analyzing endometrial receptivity to identify the WOI of patients undergoing frozen embryo transfer cycles. Based on miRNA biomarkers’ expression profiles, a miRNA-based classifier was built with an accuracy of 94% in the training set and 89% in the testing set, showing high promise in accurately identifying the ideal time for embryo transfer (WOI).