A novel bio - based antioxidant derived from waste coconut shell for enhanced thermo- oxidative stability in carbon black filled styrene butadiene copolymer

A novel bio - based antioxidant derived from waste coconut shell for enhanced thermo- oxidative stability in carbon black filled styrene butadiene copolymer | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article A novel bio - based antioxidant derived from waste coconut shell for enhanced thermo- oxidative stability in carbon black filled styrene butadiene copolymer Suchismita Sahoo, Debdipta Basu, Ankush Koundal, Abhay Kumar, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7915400/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study delves into the potential of natural phenolic compounds sourced from waste coconut shells as a safe and eco-friendly alternative to the hazardous N-1,3-dimethylbutyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, also known as 6PPD. The objective is to utilize these compounds as an antioxidant in styrene butadiene rubber (SBR). The efficacy of the novel antioxidant was assessed through thermal and ozone aging studies. Composites with coconut shell extract (CSE) demonstrated remarkable mechanical properties, boasting a 35% increase in tensile strength and a 44% increase in elongation at break. Although the retention of mechanical properties after thermal aging was marginally lower than 6PPD, as revealed from the aging coefficient and the values of the protection factor, CSE displayed lower leachability, rendering it a sustainable substitute for 6PPD. Therefore, CSE opens up new avenues of sustainable replacement of 6PPD with the advantage of its ability to act as an antioxidant and overall enhancement in mechanical properties. rubber antioxidant green chemistry rubber degradation bio- material Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 07 Nov, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 05 Nov, 2025 Editor invited by journal 03 Nov, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 28 Oct, 2025 First submitted to journal 26 Oct, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7915400","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":540215155,"identity":"42ca56a7-2759-413b-b074-eae16732e49c","order_by":0,"name":"Suchismita Sahoo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Suchismita","middleName":"","lastName":"Sahoo","suffix":""},{"id":540215156,"identity":"227faea7-f8ca-43bb-bd04-40685e779b4d","order_by":1,"name":"Debdipta 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