Синдром первинного хронічного тазового болю: нові підходи до старої проблеми

In: 2786-7323 · 2025 · W7125881027
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Abstract

Primary chronic pelvic pain syndrome (PCPPS) is a complex and multifactorial condition characterized by permanent pain in the pelvic region without obvious organic pathology. The term “syndrome” encompasses the negative emotional, cognitive, behavioral, sexual, and functional consequences that chronic pain causes. Complex neurophysiological mechanisms, chronic inflammation, autoimmune processes, and pelvic floor dysfunction are the basis for the development of PCPPS. At the same time, psychosocial factors play an important role, which can both contribute to the onset of pain and be its result. The diversity of the clinical picture of PCPPS requires an integrated approach to diagnosis, including a detailed anamnesis, physical examination, laboratory and instrumental methods of investigation to exclude other causes of chronic pelvic pain. Treatment is based on a multilevel strategy that includes pharmacotherapy, physiotherapy, psychological support, and, if necessary, surgical interventions. Understanding the pathophysiologic mechanisms of PCPPS and improving therapeutic approaches is key to improving the quality of life of patients.
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Синдром первинного хронічного тазового болю: нові підходи до старої проблеми ##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main## Анотація Синдром первинного хронічного тазового болю (СПХТБ) є складним і багатофакторним станом, що характеризується тривалим болем у тазовій ділянці за відсутності очевидної органічної патології. Термін «синдром» охоплює комплекс негативних емоційних, когнітивних, поведінкових, сексуальних та функціональних наслідків, до яких призводить хронічний біль. У розвитку СПХТБ ключову роль відіграють складні нейрофізіологічні механізми, хронічне запалення, автоімунні процеси та дисфункція тазового дна. Водночас значущими є психосоціальні фактори, які можуть як зумовлювати виникнення болю, так і бути його наслідком. Різноманітність клінічних проявів СПХТБ потребує інтегрованого підходу до діагностики, що включає ретельний збір анамнезу, фізикальне обстеження, лабораторні й інструментальні методи дослідження для виключення інших причин хронічного тазового болю. Лікування базується на багаторівневій стратегії, що охоплює фармакотерапію, фізіотерапію, психологічну підтримку та, за необхідності, хірургічні втручання. Розуміння патофізіологічних механізмів СПХТБ та вдосконалення терапевтичних підходів є ключем до підвищення якості життя пацієнтів. ##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details## Ця робота ліцензується відповідно до Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Автори зберігають авторське право, а також надають журналу право першого опублікування оригінальних наукових статей на умовах ліцензії Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, що дозволяє іншим розповсюджувати роботу з визнанням авторства твору та першої публікації в цьому журналі. Посилання Engeler D, Baranowski AP, Berghmans B, Birch J, Borovicka J, Cottrell AM, et al. EAU Guidelines on Chronic Pelvic Pain [Internet]. Arnhem (The Netherlands): EAU; 2024. 86 p. 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