Prevalence of Past Homelessness, Mental Health and Health Risk Behaviours Among Sexual Minority Young People in the UK: Insights from the Millenium Cohort Study

Prevalence of Past Homelessness, Mental Health and Health Risk Behaviours Among Sexual Minority Young People in the UK: Insights from the Millenium Cohort Study | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Prevalence of Past Homelessness, Mental Health and Health Risk Behaviours Among Sexual Minority Young People in the UK: Insights from the Millenium Cohort Study Amal R. Khanolkar, Laia Becares This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7101395/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 10 Dec, 2025 Read the published version in BMC Public Health → Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Aim: To examine the prevalence of past homelessness and rates of poor mental health and health-risk behaviours (HRBs) by sexual identity in adolescents. Methods: This study used data from the age 17 sweep of the UK-wide Millennium Cohort Study (N=10,232, 51% female, 21% sexual minority). Mental health was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) emotional symptoms subscale for depression and anxiety, and self-reported actions of self-harm, attempted suicide, sleep quality and doctor-diagnosed depression. HRBs were six (like regular smoking and antisocial behaviour). Associations between sexual identity (heterosexual, mainly heterosexual, bisexual and gay/lesbian) and past homelessness were examined using multivariable logistic regression. Associations between past homelessness and mental health and HRBs, and whether these differed by sexual identity were examined using multivariable logistic regression with appropriate interactions between the homeless and sexual identity variables. Models were adjusted for sex, parental income and ethnicity. Results: Bisexual (adjusted-OR 2.92, 95% CI: 1.47-5.82) and gay/lesbian (adjusted-OR 1.87, 0.53-6.56) adolescents had higher odds for past homelessness compared to heterosexual peers. Prevalence of self-harm (homeless bisexual/gay/lesbian and heterosexual: 85% and 39% respectively, not homeless bisexual/gay/lesbian and heterosexual: 55% and 18% respectively) and attempted suicide were significantly higher in individuals with past homelessness with the highest rates among SM individuals. Similar pattern of findings was observed with regular smoking and antisocial behaviour. Conclusions: Sexual minority individuals are more likely to experience past homelessness. Although homelessness is associated with worse current mental health and HRBs regardless of sexual orientation, a greater proportions of sexual minority individuals with past homelessness reported worse mental health compared to heterosexual peers with the same experience homelessness sexual minority mental health depression self-harm health risk behaviour adolescent health health inequalities United Kingdom Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Introduction Homelessness among young people is a serious public health concern. Experiences of homelessness are associated with significant short and long-term adverse health and social problems, including increased likelihood for sustained and recurrent mental health problems, substance use, experiences of violence, sexual exploitation, victimisation and discrimination, and reduced access to continuing and higher education[ 1 – 4 ]. Experiencing homelessness is considered an indicator of extreme social exclusion and adversity. In the UK, there is no official government database on the prevalence of homelessness among young people, and the groups most impacted by it. Centre Point , a national charity working on combating youth homelessness which carries out the largest country-wide survey on homelessness annually, found that 118,134 young people aged 16–24 years were homeless in 2023-24 (a 10% increase from preceding years)[ 5 ]. This number is likely to be an underestimate as it only includes young people who approached local councils for help[ 5 ]. The most common reasons cited for youth homelessness included family disputes and domestic violence, evictions, and no longer being supported by family or friends[ 5 ]. Homelessness disproportionately affects vulnerable groups including immigrants and refugees, those from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds, single-parent households and sexual minority groups[ 6 – 8 ]. A growing body of evidence, primarily from North America and to a lesser extent Australia, indicates that homelessness is disproportionately experienced by sexual minority (SM) youth compared to heterosexual peers[ 7 , 9 ]. Quantitative studies (using different designs and both probability and non-probability samples) indicate prevalence estimates of 15 to 45% of homeless respondents identify as sexual and/or gender minority (LGBTQ+)[ 7 ]. Further, SM youth make-up a large proportion (nearly 40%) of the clientele served by homelessness agencies and charities across the USA (whereas the proportion of individuals identifying as SM in the general population is 5 to 15%). A review of the literature by Ecker showed that prevalence rates of homelessness among SM youth ranges from 13–37% with the majority falling around the range of 20–35%[ 10 ]. One of the largest studies to date examining prevalence of homelessness by sexual identity in the USA (including 28,405 SM and 136,232 heterosexual individuals) found 12% of SM youth experienced homelessness compared to 4% among heterosexual peers[ 11 ]. Thus, regardless of sample size, country of study, whether all SM subgroups are combined or examined separately, this group consistently has disproportionately higher rates of homelessness than heterosexual peers. Studies have also shown that the prevalence of mental health problems (such as depression and suicidality) and health-risk behaviours ([HRBs], including substance use) are significantly higher among homeless SM youth compared to homeless heterosexual and non-homeless SM peers[ 12 , 13 ]. Homeless SM youth are also more likely to engage in risky sexual behaviour as a means for survival or being exploited sexually[ 7 , 14 ]. The reasons for increased rates of homelessness and higher prevalence of mental health problems among SM people include family conflict and rejection, victimisation, abuse, and being told to leave home due to ‘coming out’ or disclosing of sexual minority orientation[ 14 – 18 ]. Other factors include the higher levels of childhood abuse and neglect, homophobic bullying (both within and external to the familial environment) and higher levels of mental health problems among SM youth compared to heterosexual peers[ 17 , 19 , 20 ]. Although breakdown of relationships with family, experiences of abuse in childhood, poverty and socioeconomic disadvantaged backgrounds increase risk of homelessness among both SM and non-SM youth[ 7 ], these factors are particularly deleterious for SM youth, who experience rejection because of their sexual identity[ 14 ]. Further, many of these risk factors are likely to co-occur leading to higher risk for homelessness among SM youth compared to heterosexual peers. Despite concerning prevalence of both homelessness and mental health problems among SM people, the basic epidemiology of homelessness experiences among UK SM youth and impact on health and HRBs is largely not known. This prevents any meaningful discussion, further research and policy development. The reason for this gap in evidence and practice is that larger scale and national studies on prevalence of homelessness among SM groups in comparison to heterosexual peers are not available in the UK[ 7 ]. The only larger-scale studies in the UK that reported on prevalence of homelessness are online surveys that included self-selecting SM individuals only or based on smaller regional/single cities only. In fact, most of the existing evidence on homelessness in SM youth in the UK including prevalence, common causes and health have been conducted by charities working exclusively with SM youth homelessness[ 7 ]. The lack of robust comparative studies using data from the UK general population has been cited repeatedly as a cause for concern[ 7 , 21 ]. This study aims to address these gaps by examining associations between sexual identity and risk for past homelessness among youth, including differences by sexual identity sub-group. Further, we aim to examine whether past homelessness is associated with worse mental health and higher levels of health-risk behaviours in SM youth compared to heterosexual peers with and without homelessness. Methods Study design and participants This cross-sectional study utilised data from the age 17 sweep of the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), a UK birth cohort study following the lives of 19,519 children born at the start of the millennium (2000–2002)[ 22 ]. Study participants have been followed over seven sweeps to date (9 months, 3, 5, 7, 11, 14 and 17 years). Detailed information on the study, sampling and survey design can be found at: https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/cls-studies/millennium-cohort-study/ . 14,496 families were invited to participate in the age 17 sweep. Of this number, 10,625 (73.3%) families and 10,345 (71.4%) adolescents were successfully interviewed. This study included N = 10,233 children (98.9% of the eligible sample) who attended the age 17 sweep in 2018–2019. MCS was oversampled for higher proportions of ethnic minority (EM) and socioeconomically disadvantaged families (sample weights ensure national representativeness). Attrition at age 17 sweep was predicted by single-parent families, lower-income occupation and lower educational level, Black ethnicity, and male sex. The STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) were followed in writing this manuscript. Measures Sexual identity: Based on self-reported answers on sexuality (from eight options listed in Supplementary Table 1), participants were categorized into: 1. Completely heterosexual, 2. Mainly heterosexual, 3. Bisexual and 4. Gay or lesbian. Those who answered ‘other’, ‘do not know’ and ‘preferred not to say’ were excluded (N = 154). We created a second sexual identity variable with three categories: 1. Completely heterosexual, 2. Mainly heterosexual and 3. Bisexual, gay and lesbian (SM sub-groups combined). Homelessness This was a binary variable assessed by a single question ‘’Has there ever been a time when you were homeless with no permanent residence?” Options to respond were yes or no. Mental health (MH) : MH was assessed using multiple indicators. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a commonly and widely used brief screening tool comprising 5 subscales (with each subscale including 5 items for a total of 25 items) that assess a range of behavioural and emotional problems in children[ 23 ]. We used the SDQ emotional symptoms subscale (SDQ-E) comprising 5 items or questions (for e.g., are you often unhappy?) relating to depression, worry, fear, nervousness, and somatic symptoms, which assesses symptoms of psychological distress in the preceding six months. The SDQ-E is widely validated and routinely used to capture symptoms of depression and anxiety in the general population and clinical settings[ 24 ]. Further, the SDQ-E measure has been validated against diagnostic measures of depression or anxiety disorders and is an established screening tool to distinguish those individuals who meet the diagnostic criteria for depression and anxiety from those who do not. For each of the 5 items, participants could respond with: Not true, somewhat true, or certainly true (scored 0, 1 and 2, respectively). Total scores were calculated, ranging from 0–10, with higher scores indicating more emotional problems (depression and anxiety). Total scores were categorised into a binary variable based on recommended cut-off points indicating participants with ‘close to average’ (< 6) vs. ‘high/very high levels’ (≥ 6) of difficulties[ 25 ]. Other mental health indicators included doctor diagnosed depression (yes vs no), self-harm (actions like burning, bruising/pinching, taking an overdose of tablets and pulling out hair), attempted suicide (yes vs no), and quality of sleep in the past month in the previous month. Participants could choose from one of four options (very good, fairly good, fairly bad or very bad). Categories were combined to create a binary variable; very good/fairly good vs fairly bad/very bad. Social adversity was assessed by experiences of victimisation (i.e., experiences of verbal, physical, sexual assault and/or harassment in the past 12 months). Responses were categorised into no experiences vs yes. General health was assessed by the question ‘’How would you describe your health generally?’’ with possible answers being excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor. Responses were categorised into a binary variable (excellent, very good, or good vs. fair or poor). Health-risk Behaviours (HRBs) : These were coded as binary indicators (never tried/experienced/none vs. yes) and included regular smoking habits (ever smokers and current smokers), frequency of alcohol consumption (< 10 times vs. ≥10 times) in previous 12 months, and frequency of cannabis use (≤ 4 times vs. ≥5times) in previous 12 months, and sex without contraception (sexual intercourse without use of any type of contraception). We also examined frequency of physical activity in the previous week (none vs. any). Antisocial behaviour was assessed by one or more of the following acts in the previous 12 months: Pushed or shoved/hit/slapped/punched someone, hit someone with or used a weapon, stolen something from someone, harassed someone via mobile phone/email, sent pictures or spread rumours about someone and made unwelcome sexual approaches/sexually assaulted someone. The original questions, complete component items of each scale and all health-related indicators, and how they were categorised (including references) are listed incomplete detail in Supplementary Table 2. Covariates These included parental income, ethnicity and sex assigned at birth (hereafter sex). Parental income was used as an indicator of socioeconomic position ascertained at age 3. Household income (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development UK) was categorized into equalized quintiles (where quintiles 1 and 5 represent the lowest and highest income quintiles respectively). For analysis, quantiles 4 and 5 were combined into a single category. Parents (or guardians) reported participant’s ethnicity at age 3 (original categories in Supplemental Table 1) which was available for over 95% of participants. Information on ethnicity from subsequent sweeps (ages 7, 11 and 14) was used to replace any missing ethnicity at age 3. Subjects were grouped into either 1. White (ethnic majority) and 2. EM (mixed-ethnicity, South Asian, Black and ‘other’). The ‘other’ group included participants from Asia (excluding South Asia), the Middle East and South America. Sex was based on sex assigned at birth (hereafter sex). Missing data Due to attrition over follow-up, the proportion of missingness varied from 4.8–36%. Missing data for all health indicators and HRBs was < 5% and data were largely complete for sociodemographic variables (less < 0.5% missing for parental income and educational level but 4.3% were missing data on sexual identity), and all participants had complete data on sex and ethnicity. Missing data was addressed using Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations (MICE), operating under the Missing at Random Assumption (MAR). This was suitable given that observed characteristics like ethnicity and parental income were independent predictors of missingness (i.e., ethnic minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged participants were more likely to have missing information across ≥ 1 analysis parameters). To predict missing data, the imputation model integrated all mental health indicators, HRB, homelessness, and all covariates. The model also included auxiliary variables like mental wellbeing indicators, maternal age at birth and parental highest educational qualifications. We also included interaction terms between homelessness and sexual identity. We then combined these estimates using Rubin’s rules. Further, comparison of the results obtained from the complete cases and imputed analysis showed that the standard errors were smaller for multiple imputation, demonstrating the efficiency gain of multiple imputation over complete cases analysis. This helped to avoid bias in the resulting estimates, which could have been attributed to the disproportionate contribution of more socio-economically advantaged participants (potentially leading to underestimation of sexual identity-homelessness associations). The imputed sample was used in all analysis. Statistical analysis We first examined associations between sexual identity and risk for past homelessness using logistic regression modelling. Models were run unadjusted and adjusted for sex, parental income and ethnicity. To examine whether SM individuals with past homelessness were more likely to report worse mental and general health compared to heterosexual peers with and without past homelessness, we ran multivariable logistic regression models with interaction terms between the sexual identity and homelessness variables. These models were adjusted for sex, parental income, and ethnicity. Similarly, we also ran multivariable logistic models to examine whether HRBs were more likely to be reported by SM individuals with past homelessness and compared to heterosexual peers (adjusted for confounders as above). The second version of the sexual identity variable was used in these models due to the overall smaller number of individuals reporting past homelessness. All models were weighted with non-response weights from the birth sweep to account for the stratified cluster design of the MCS and attrition over time (using the Stata ‘svy’ command for survey data). Odds ratios from models were plotted for visualisation. All analyses were conducted in Stata V18 (StataCorp LP, College Station, Texas). Results Table 1 displays the proportions of sexual identity, all health outcomes, and HRBs by past experiences of homelessness. Of the 10,232 adolescents in this study, 91 individuals reported past experiences of homelessness with significant variation in proportions by sexual identity (0.9% among heterosexuals, compared to 2.4% among bisexuals and 1.3% among gay/lesbian individuals, p < 0.005). Adolescents reporting past experiences of homelessness had higher prevalence of all mental and general health outcomes (for e.g., 4% vs. 0.7% for attempted suicide and poor general health, 2% vs. 0.6% for self-harm among those with and without past homelessness, respectively). Adolescents with past experiences of homeless were more likely to report regular smoking and risky sex but there were no differences in frequent alcohol and cannabis use, exercise or anti-social behaviour. Table 1 Proportions of adolescents (N = 10,232) aged 17 years from the Millennium Cohort Study reporting adverse health and health risk behaviours by past experiences of homelessness Past homelessness % 95% CI No 99.1 98.9 99.3 Yes 0.94 0.75 Sexual identity Heterosexual No 99.1 98.5 99.7 Yes 0.9 0.3 1.5 Mainly heterosexual No 99.2 99.0 99.4 Yes 0.8 0.6 1.0 Bisexual No 97.6 96.5 98.8 Yes 2.4 1.2 3.5 Gay/lesbian No 98.7 97.2 100.1 Yes 1.3 -0.1 2.8 Health indicators SDQ emotional symptoms subscale No 0.7 0.5 0.9 Yes 2 1 2 Doctor diagnosed depression No 0.7 0.5 0.8 Yes 3 2 4 Self-harm No 0.6 0.5 0.8 Yes 2 1 2 Attempted suicide No 0.7 0.5 0.9 Yes 4 3 5 Sleep No 0.6 0.4 0.9 Yes 2 1 2.1 General health No 0.7 0.5 0.9 Yes 4 2 5 Health risk behaviours Smoking, regular No 0.7 0.5 0.9 Yes 3 2 4 Alcohol frequency No 1 0.8 1 Yes 0.7 0.3 1 Weed frequency No 0.9 0.7 1 Yes 2 0.6 2 Exercise No 0.8 0.6 1 Yes 1 0.8 2 Risky sex No 0.8 0.6 0.9 Yes 2 1 2 Antisocial behaviour No 0.9 0.7 1.2 Yes 1 0.7 1.4 Victimisation No 0.6 0.4 0.8 Yes 1.3 1 1.7 Ethnicity White No 99.1 98.9 99.3 Yes 0.9 0.7 1.1 Non-White No 98.9 98.5 99.4 Yes 1.1 0.59 1.5 Table 2 displays proportions of all outcomes in relation to intersectional sexual identity and past homelessness. SM adolescents with experiences of homelessness consistently had higher proportions of individuals reporting worse mental health (observed for all indicators) compared to heterosexual and SM peers with and without homelessness, respectively. For example, 55.6% of SM adolescents with homelessness reported symptoms of depression and anxiety, while corresponding proportions were 37% in heterosexuals with homelessness, and 47% and 18.2% in SM and heterosexual peers without homelessness, respectively. A similar trend was observed for regular smoking and risky sex. Table 2 Proportions of adolescents (N = 10,232) aged 17 years from the Millennium Cohort Study reporting adverse health and health risk behaviours by past experiences of homelessness and sexual identity. Sexual identity & past homelessness experience SDQ emotional Doctor diagnosed depression Self-harm Attempted suicide Sleep quality General health % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Not homeless & heterosexual 18.2 17.3 19 7.9 7.3 8.5 18.2 17.3 19 5.7 5.2 6.2 29.7 28.3 31 6.1 5.6 6.7 Not homeless & mainly heterosexual 32.5 29.6 35.3 14.4 12.3 16.6 36.3 33.4 39.3 9.1 7.3 10.8 38.7 35.4 42 9.2 7.4 10.9 Not homeless & bisexual/gay/lesbian 47 43.6 50.3 26.4 23.4 29.4 57.3 54 60.6 21.6 18.8 24.3 44.7 40.8 48.6 12.2 10 14.4 Homeless & heterosexual 37 25.1 49 26 15.1 36.9 35.9 24.1 47.7 22.7 12.3 33.1 51.9 36.6 67.1 25 14.4 35.6 Homeless & mainly heterosexual 44.4 12 76.9 55.6 23.1 88 51.4 17.2 85.7 11.1 -9.4 31.6 34.3 -2.7 71.3 55.6 23.1 88 Homeless & bisexual/gay/lesbian 55.6 32.6 78.5 61.1 38.6 83.6 88.9 74.4 103.4 77.8 58.6 97 75.1 49.2 100.9 33.3 11.6 55.1 Regular smoking Alcohol frequency Cannabis frequency Exercise Risky sex Antisocial behaviour % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI Not homeless & heterosexual 10.7 10 11.3 20 19.1 20.9 7.5 6.9 8 23.1 22.2 24 17.2 16.4 18.1 25.4 24.5 26.4 Not homeless & mainly heterosexual 10.7 8.8 12.5 24.1 21.5 26.7 11.1 9.2 13 26.8 24.1 29.5 19 16.6 21.4 28.8 26.1 31.6 Not Homeless & gay/lesbian 16.2 13.8 18.7 22.7 19.9 25.5 10 8 12 32.6 29.5 35.7 23.3 20.5 26.1 26.2 23.2 29.1 Homeless & heterosexual 29.2 18 40.5 10.1 2.5 17.7 12.1 3.9 20.4 32.8 21.3 44.3 26.3 15.4 37.3 20 10.1 30 Homeless & mainly heterosexual 22.2 -4.9 49.4 22.2 -4.9 49.4 13 -10.4 36.4 22.2 -4.9 49.4 33.3 2.5 64.1 55.6 23.1 88 Homeless & bisexual/gay/lesbian 55.6 32.6 78.5 27.8 7.1 48.5 16.7 -0.6 33.9 38.9 16.4 61.4 50 26.9 73.1 50 26.9 73.1 Sexual identity differences in past homelessness Compared to heterosexual adolescents, SM individuals were more likely to report past homelessness (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.92, 95% CI 1.47–5.82 for bisexual and OR 1.87, 0.53–6.56 for gay/lesbian individuals, Table 3 ). Adjustment for covariates only marginally attenuated the estimates. Table 3 Associations between sexual identity and past experiences of homelessness in 10,232 adolescents aged 17 years from the Millennium Cohort Study. Estimates are from logistic regression models . Predictor Unadjusted model Adjusted model a OR 95% CI OR 95% CI Sexual identity Heterosexual 1 1 Mainly heterosexual 1.04 0.48, 2.27 1.12 0.51, 2.49 Bisexual 3.09 1.59, 6.00 2.92 1.47, 5.82 Gay/lesbian 1.93 0.55, 6.75 1.87 0.53, 6.56 Sex Males 1 Females 1.14 0.73,1.80 Parental income 1 (lowest quintile) 6.6 3.38, 12.89 2 3.71 1.75, 7.87 3 1.35 0.58, 3.14 4/5 (highest quintiles) 1 Ethnicity White Ethnic-minority 0.78 0.43, 1.40 a Adjusted for sex assigned at birth, ethnicity and parental income. Estimates in bold indicate 95% CIs that do not include 1. Differences in health and HRBs based on sexual identity and past homelessness In general, we found that adolescents with past homelessness had significantly higher proportions reporting worse health compared to those without homelessness. But these differences also varied by sexual identity and were often higher among SM adolescents with past homelessness and compared to SM peers without homelessness (see Table 4 , Figs. 1 and 2 , and Supplemental Tables 3 and 4). For example, on average, 18% of heterosexual adolescents without past homelessness reported self-harm which increased to 39% in heterosexuals with homelessness. Corresponding proportions of self-harm were 55% and 85% in SM adolescents without and with past homelessness. Similarly, among adolescents without past homelessness, 6%, 10% and 11% of heterosexual, mainly heterosexual and SM adolescents, respectively, reported poor general health. This increased to 22%, 57% and 27% among corresponding sexual identity groups with past homelessness, respectively. We observed similar patterns for doctor diagnosed depression and poor sleep. However, differences in proportions were less pronounced among mainly heterosexual individuals for all outcomes. Table 4 Estimated probabilities for health and health risk behaviours based on sexual identity and past experiences of homelessness in 10,232 adolescents aged 17 years from the Millennium Cohort Study. Estimates are derived from multivariable logistic regression models. Sexual identity & homelessness SDQ Emotional subscale Doctor diagnosed depression Self-harm Attempted suicide General health Sleep Prob 95% CI Prob 95% CI Prob 95% CI Prob 95% CI Prob 95% CI Prob 95% CI Not homeless & Heterosexual 0.19 0.18–0.2 0.08 0.08–0.1 0.18 0.17–0.19 0.05 0.05–0.06 0.06 0.05–0.06 0.3 0.28–0.31 Not homeless & mainly heterosexual 0.3 0.27–0.33 0.13 0.11–0.2 0.36 0.32–0.39 0.09 0.07–0.12 0.10 0.08–0.12 0.38 0.34–0.42 Not homeless & bisexual/gay/lesbian 0.4 0.36–0.43 0.23 0.2–0.3 0.55 0.51–0.6 0.18 0.15–0.21 0.11 0.09–0.14 0.43 0.4–0.47 Homeless & Heterosexual 0.41 0.29–0.53 0.28 0.15–0.4 0.39 0.25–0.54 0.22 0.1–0.35 0.22 0.11–0.33 0.57 0.37–0.77 Homeless & mainly heterosexual 0.26 -0.1,0.6 0.6 0.21-1.0 0.42 0.06–0.78 0.03 -0.06,0.12 0.57 0.22–0.92 0.31 -0.06, 0.68 Homeless & bisexual/gay/lesbian 0.47 0.26–0.68 0.41 0.15–0.7 0.85 0.67–1.03 0.52 0.19–0.85 0.27 0.04–0.49 0.79 0.47–1.12 Alcohol frequency Cannabis frequency Regular smoking Risky sex Anti-social behaviour Prob 95% CI Prob 95% CI Prob 95% CI Prob 95% CI Prob 95% CI Not homeless & Heterosexual 0.22 0.21–0.24 0.08 0.07–0.1 0.11 0.1–0.12 0.19 0.17–0.2 0.25 0.24–0.26 Not homeless & mainly heterosexual 0.25 0.22–0.28 0.12 0.09–0.2 0.11 0.09–0.13 0.2 0.17–0.23 0.31 0.28–0.35 Not homeless & bisexual/gay/lesbian 0.23 0.2–0.27 0.12 0.1–0.2 0.16 0.13–0.19 0.23 0.2–0.26 0.29 0.26–0.33 Homeless & Heterosexual 0.11 0.02–0.2 0.11 0.02–0.2 0.26 0.13–0.4 0.32 0.2–0.45 0.23 0.12–0.35 Homeless & mainly heterosexual 0.38 0.05–0.7 0.26 -0.1,0.7 0.18 -0.1,0.39 0.51 0.18–0.83 0.66 0.36–0.95 Homeless & bisexual/gay/lesbian 0.36 0.07–0.65 0.29 0.01–0.6 0.48 0.21–0.75 0.41 0.14–0.67 0.58 0.36–0.8 Estimates are derived from multivariable logistic regression models including interaction terms between homelessness and sexual identity variables and adjusted for sex assigned at birth, ethnicity and parental income. Differences in proportions of adolescents reporting HRBs in relation to sexual identity and homelessness were less pronounced. However, there were observable differences for regular smoking (11 vs. 26% in heterosexual, 20 vs. 51% in mainly heterosexual, 23 vs. 41% in SM adolescents) and risky sex (19 vs. 32% in heterosexual, 11 vs. 18% in mainly heterosexual, 16 vs. 48%) in SM adolescents, without and with homelessness, respectively. Similarly, greater proportions of mainly heterosexual and SM adolescents with past homelessness reported anti-social behaviour compared to heterosexual peers with homelessness. But there were no differences in anti-social behaviour among heterosexual peers (see Table 4 , Fig. 2 , and Supplemental Table 4). Discussion In this study, which includes adolescents from a national cohort study, we found that SM individuals were more likely to report past experiences of homelessness compared to heterosexual peers. These findings were statistically significant in only bisexual individuals. We found that individuals with past homelessness were substantially more likely to report worse mental and general health at age 17 compared to those without homelessness. However, a pertinent finding is that greater proportions of SM individuals with past homelessness reported worse mental health compared to heterosexual peers with the same experience. Similar patterns in relation to sexual identity and homelessness were observed for some HRBs. Strengths and limitations Strengths of this study include its sample, drawn from a nationally representative, contemporary birth cohort. This facilitates generalisability to the UK adolescent population and addressed the gap in evidence that has over relied on convenience samples. This study included multiple and widely used mental health indicators (like SDQ, self-harm, attempted suicide) which showed consistent associations with past homelessness status, reducing risk of chance findings, and facilitating comparisons with other studies (though these mental health conditions are more likely to co-occur). Like many longitudinal studies, the MCS is impacted by attrition (of the original 19,517 children, 10,757 attended the age 17 sweep) and missing data but the age 17 sample remains representative of the original cohort from the birth sweep. While all individuals had data on ethnicity and parental income, 4.3% were missing data on sexual identity and 3.5% homelessness. However, missing data did not substantially vary by homelessness. Missing data was addressed using the robust multiple imputation technique. While imputation relies on the MAR assumption which is not empirically verifiable[ 26 ], we increased the plausibility of the MAR assumption by including a rich set of auxiliary variables (maternal age at birth, parental mental health, mental wellbeing measures, all five SDQ subscales, BMI) in the imputation model. Auxiliary variables help increase the precision of predicting missing data and minimising non-random variation in values. Additionally, longitudinal data on BMI, high-quality socioeconomic measures and ethnicity are powerful predictors of missing data which significantly strengthen the imputation model. A significant limitation is the small number of individuals who reported past homelessness which impacts statistical power especially in testing interactions effects by sexual identity sub-groups. However, this is severely impacted by that individuals who experience homelessness are significantly under-represented in population-based studies. This necessitated combining bisexual, gay and lesbian individuals in the same category. However, despite small numbers, we still found significant findings for some sexual identity groups (e.g., bisexual individuals) and many outcomes (e.g., self-harm, smoking, antisocial behaviour). Nonetheless, the smaller number of individuals in some categories resulted in reduced statistical power, affecting the precision of estimates in models including interactions (for e.g., the wider CI related to past homelessness and gay/lesbian individuals and CI for attempted suicide, depression, general health among SM individuals with homelessness). As such, while these estimates are considered ‘statistically significant’, we advise caution in interpretation. The small number of SM individuals with past homelessness precluding analyses of differences by sex, gender and ethnicity. We were unable to examine the main causes of homelessness and whether these varied by sexual identity as data was not collected. We could not examine the primary reasons for and period/length of homelessness, the kind of shelter sought, access to MH services, peer-group support, SM-specific issues such as gender-role strain, rejection sensitivity, internalised stigma, and perceived burdensomeness which are strongly linked to MH and well-being (self-harm and suicidality) and also differ between individuals with and without homelessness and sexual-identity groups. We were unable to examine associations in trans-, pansexual, and asexual individuals who have higher odds for homelessness compared to gay, lesbian and bisexual peers, due to very small numbers[ 27 ]. As we are using one wave and have conducted cross-sectional analysis, we cannot conclude causality. Nonetheless, we examined associations between prior experience of homelessness (which could occur any time before age 17) and a range of outcomes assessed at age 17. Further, previous studies have found that past experiences of homelessness are subsequently associated with low mood/depression, risk for self-harm and attempted suicide in adolescents. Comparison of findings with existing literature To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine sexual identity related differences in past homelessness and associations with mental health and HRBs using a nationally representative sample of adolescents and robust statistical methods. Our study confirms previous findings that SM adolescents are significantly more likely to experience homelessness compared to heterosexual peers[ 7 , 28 ]. Most published studies combined all sexual minority sub-groups together masking potential underlying differences between gay, lesbian and bisexual groups, an issue highlighted in systematic reviews[ 7 , 28 ]. One of the largest studies to date including 28,405 SM individuals did not report differences in homelessness by SM subgroup[ 11 ]. However, some studies have found that bisexual youth experience higher rates of homelessness compared to gay and lesbian peers in line with our findings, others have reported no differences[ 27 , 29 ]. Direct comparisons are limited as many studies did not include a heterosexual comparator group. This study also confirms higher rates of worse mental health and health risk behaviours in SM adolescents with homelessness compared to SM and heterosexual peers with and without past homelessness. We observed higher probabilities for worse mental health among homeless SM adolescents consistent with all indicators though significant differences were limited to self-harm and attempted suicide. A key strength our study is that we examined associations with multiple indicators of mental health in a probability sample, while most previous studies focused on depression and/or self-harm only. Similarly, we confirm previous findings have higher rates of health risk behaviours among SM adolescents with past homelessness with particularly stark differences for regular smoking and antisocial behaviour. To out knowledge this is the first study to examine antisocial behaviour in homeless youth and differences by sexual identity. Implications for public health The lack of robust quantitative data on homelessness among SM individuals and youth in particular, in the UK, has been repeatedly highlighted in recent reviews and reports on the topic[ 7 , 28 ]. The only comprehensive government commissioned qualitative study and report on homelessness among LGBT individuals also highlighted the lack of quantitative studies in the UK and how it precludes further research and importantly prevents more holistic policy development[ 21 ]. Unfortunately, at time of writing, the current government has not indicated to prioritise adverse issues and their drivers, including homelessness experienced by the sexual and gender minority communities. As this study is the first in the UK to examine sexual identity inequalities in homelessness among youth using a nationally representative and probability sample of individuals, comparisons with other UK studies are limited. This study takes the first step in addressing the lack of quantitative data on the subject but also highlights issues like the absence of key specific data required to comprehensively study homelessness in SM individuals. Another issue highlighted is that current studies like the MCS which despite being the largest of the UK birth cohort studies to date are underpowered to examine issues like homelessness in detail. Government policy needs to address this by establishing dedicated studies to examine health in marginalised groups including SM and homeless populations. Current and new population-based studies could include oversamples of marginalised groups to facilitate more robust studies on health in these groups. Our study’s findings and especially when examined together with the many qualitative studies and surveys conducted by UK-based charities and other stakeholders highlights that homelessness among SM youth is a pertinent and ongoing issue and there are currently no government guidelines or agenda to address this. Final summary This study found higher prevalence of past homelessness among SM adolescents compared to heterosexual peers. Further, SM adolescents with past homelessness had higher prevalence of worse current mental health and some HRBs at age 17 compared to heterosexual peers with past homelessness. Importantly, this study is the first in the UK to quantitatively demonstrate these findings using a nationally representative sample. This study highlights the persistent and intersectional inequalities experienced by SM youth which can further impact and widen health disparities across the lifecourse. Abbreviations EM: Ethnic minority HRBs: Health-risk behaviours LGBTQ+: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer and other sexual/gender minority identities MCS: Millennium Cohort Study OR – Odds ratio SM: Sexual minority SDQ-E: Strengths and difficulties questionnaire emotional symptoms subscale Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate Ethics approval for the MCS was obtained from the National Research Ethics Service Committee London— Central (reference 13/LO/1786). Ethical approval for the age 17 main stage was obtained on 18th October 2017 from the National Research Ethics Service (NRES) Research Ethics Committee (REC) North East – York (REC ref: 17/NE/0341). All data are anonymized and available to researchers via the UK Data Service. Cohort members ≥16 years provided verbal consent to take part in the study. The cohort members (16 or older at the time of the interview and considered adults), provided verbal informed consent to take part in the survey overall, and for each individual survey element. Parents did not have to provide consent for the interviewer to approach the cohort members. Interviewers were required to ensure that consent from the cohort member was as fully informed as possible. To do this, cohort members needed to understand the full details of processes, the reasons they were being asked to take part in each element, and the details around storage and use of data. Complete details on all ethics including informed consent can be found in the Millennium Cohort Study Seventh Sweep (MCS7) Technical Report which can be accessed here: https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/MCS7_Technical_Report.pdf This study was conducted according to the ethical principles for medical research involving human participants as described in the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication Not applicable. Data availability Data for this study is from the age 17 sweep of the Millennium Cohort Study. Data can be accessed from the UK Data Service website: https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/ (after registration and agreeing to licence terms and conditions). Syntax/code used for the analysis in this study is available on request from the corresponding author. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Funding ARK is partly funded by the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Team Science award (2024). LB is partly funded by the ESRC (APP38722: Inclusive Survey Futures: building on EVENS to improve representation, robustness and feasibility of web-based social surveys). Authors' contributions ARK conceived the research idea, conducted the data analysis and wrote the manuscript. LB contributed to data curation and analysis. Both authors were involved in interpretation of findings and contributed to writing and read and approved the final version of the manuscript. Acknowledgements The Economic and Social Research Council funds the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS) Resource Centre (ES/W013142/1) which provides core support for the CLS cohort studies. While the CLS Resource Centre makes these data available, CLS does not bear any responsibility for the analysis or interpretation of these data by researchers. The CLS cohorts are only possible due to the commitment and enthusiasm of their participants, their time and contribution is gratefully acknowledged. References Bramley GaF S. Homelessness in the UK: who is most at risk? Hous Stud. 2016;33(1):96–116. Phelan J, Link BG, Moore RE, Stueve A. The stigma ofhomelessness: The impact of the label homeless on attitudestoward poor persons. Social Psychol Q. 1997;60(4):323–37. Reilly J, Ho I, Williamson A. A systematic review of the effect of stigma on the health of people experiencing homelessness. Health Soc Care Community. 2022;30(6):2128–41. Fazel S, Geddes JR, Kushel M. The health of homeless people in high-income countries: descriptive epidemiology, health consequences, and clinical and policy recommendations. Lancet. 2014;384(9953):1529–40. Nuttall E. Hidden in plain sight: Understanding youth homelessness in the UK. In.; 2025. Samari D, Groot S. Potentially exploring homelessness among refugees: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Social Distress Homelessness. 2023;32(1):135–50. Mccarthy LP. Is LGBT homelessness different? Reviewing the relationship between LGBT identity and homelessness. Hous Stud. 2022;40(7):1525–44. Byrne TH, Henwood BF, Orlando AW. A Rising Tide Drowns Unstable Boats: How Inequality Creates Homelessness. ANNALS Am Acad Political Social Sci. 2021;693(1):28–45. Corliss HL, Goodenow CS, Nichols L, Austin SB. High burden of homelessness among sexual-minority adolescents: findings from a representative Massachusetts high school sample. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(9):1683–9. Ecker J. Queer, young, and homeless: A review of the literature. Child Youth Serv. 2016;37(4):325–61. Deal C, Gonzales G. Homelessness Among Sexual Minority Youth. Pediatrics 2023, 152(6). Kidd SA, Gaetz S, O'Grady B. The 2015 National Canadian Homeless Youth Survey: Mental Health and Addiction Findings. Can J Psychiatry. 2017;62(7):493–500. Hail-Jaresa KV-O, Theo R, Butlerc M, Byrne TM. Queer homelessness: the distinct experiencesof sexuality and trans-gender diverse youth. J LGBT Youth. 2023;20(4):757–82. Gaetz SOG, Schwan S. K.: Without a home: The National Youth Homelessness Survey. In. Toronto; 2016. Rhoades H, Rusow JA, Bond D, Lanteigne A, Fulginiti A, Goldbach JT. Homelessness, Mental Health and Suicidality Among LGBTQ Youth Accessing Crisis Services. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2018;49(4):643–51. Robinson BA. Child Welfare Systems and LGBTQ Youth Homelessness: Gender Segregation, Instability, and Intersectionality. Child Welfare. 2018;96(2):29–45. LGBT youth homelessness. A UK national scoping of cause, prevalence, response, and outcome. In.; 2015. Shelton J, Poirier JM, Wheeler C, Abramovich A. Reversing Erasure of Youth and Young Adults Who are LGBTQ and Access Homelessness Services: Asking about Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Pronouns. Child Welfare. 2018;96(2):1–28. Khanolkar AR, Frost DM, Tabor E, Redclift V, Amos R, Patalay P. Ethnic and Sexual Identity-Related Inequalities in Adolescent Health and Well-Being in a National Population-Based Study. LGBT Health. 2023;10(1):26–40. Forge N, Hartinger-Saunders R, Wright E, Ruel E. Out of the System and onto the Streets: LGBTQ-Identified Youth Experiencing Homelessness with Past Child Welfare System Involvement. Child Welfare. 2018;96(2):47–74. Lesbian. gay, bisexual and transgender people's experiences of homelessness. In.; 2024. Connelly R, Platt L. Cohort profile: UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS). Int J Epidemiol. 2014;43(6):1719–25. Goodman R, Meltzer H, Bailey V. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: a pilot study on the validity of the self-report version. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2003;15(1–2):173–7. Armitage JM, Tseliou F, Riglin L, Dennison C, Eyre O, Bevan Jones R, Rice F, Thapar AK, Thapar A, Collishaw S. Validation of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) emotional subscale in assessing depression and anxiety across development. PLoS ONE. 2023;18(7):e0288882. Scoring the Strengths. & Difficulties Questionnaire for age 4–17. In.; 2015. P vH. Regression with Missing Ys: An Improved Strategy for Analyzing Multiply Imputed Data. Sociol Methodol. 2007;37:83–117. Lim G, Melendez-Torres GJ, Amos N, Anderson J, Norman T, Power J, Jones J, Bourne A. Demographic predictors of experiences of homelessness among lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, gender-diverse and queer-identifying (LGBTIQ) young people in Australia. J Youth Stud. 2025;28(1):254–80. McCann EB. Homelessness among youth who identify as LGBTQ+: A systematic review. J Clin Nurs. 2019;28:2061–72. Siconolfi D, Tucker JS, Shadel WG, Seelam R, Golinelli D. Health, Homelessness Severity, and Substance Use among Sexual Minority Youth Experiencing Homelessness: A Comparison of Bisexual Versus Gay and Lesbian Youth. J Sex Res. 2020;57(7):933–42. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files SupplementalTables.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 10 Dec, 2025 Read the published version in BMC Public Health → Version 1 posted Reviewers invited by journal 28 Jul, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 23 Jul, 2025 Editor invited by journal 15 Jul, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 15 Jul, 2025 First submitted to journal 15 Jul, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7101395","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":492747662,"identity":"a23595f5-73df-466e-9cbf-cbd0afd1ffed","order_by":0,"name":"Amal R. Khanolkar","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABA0lEQVRIie3RMUvDQBTA8XcE2qXQtaGCX+GFQEoxtl8lIdAsHRwdIwftEvCrxFFweOGBLkE3CZxDp04OGSs6eIcuHS51dLg/5LgQftwLB+By/cMGAIKASG89qZcYYfjzBW1krJ9fIgxZIXgniF8cEz5N8JV3BM3b+Wx4I/Hj4SUcSxDdATi0ErVCgnYf3Je1TMu9iiYMnl8CR3aSaNKxqNpU0ohUjHqwqZ4wtpGlyjtDlobUX/RsiPfZR1CtzWCcGpKNiCJNBuaUnsHWV5Q0nFVNLcMzysIJi828xLzn9/O7XffIl9WTZP+dFsHtVnJ7uL4ICpsxJcevoui5FZfL5XL9pW+q52QfyYuHWgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"King’s College London","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Amal","middleName":"R.","lastName":"Khanolkar","suffix":""},{"id":492747663,"identity":"5713d62e-06a0-488b-8824-743f38b236c6","order_by":1,"name":"Laia Becares","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"King’s College London","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Laia","middleName":"","lastName":"Becares","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-07-11 11:53:19","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7101395/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7101395/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-25429-7","type":"published","date":"2025-12-10T15:59:00+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":87893041,"identity":"fcd3885e-25c3-4fe2-8bdd-b480d4d1fd28","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-30 07:05:04","extension":"jpeg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":76411,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePredicted probabilities for health outcomes based on past homelessness experience and sexual identity in 10,223 adolescents aged 17 years from the Millennium Cohort Study. Estimates are based on multivariable logistic regression models (Supplemental Table 4)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote: H = Past homelessness NH = No past homelessness\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage1.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7101395/v1/03fb196c7906634ac6515482.jpeg"},{"id":87893038,"identity":"4f312df8-52ab-4f7a-b610-4e6f2a1daea7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-30 07:05:04","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":71998,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePredicted probabilities for health risk behaviours based on past homelessness experience and sexual identity in 10,223 adolescents aged 17 years from the Millennium Cohort Study. Estimates are based on multivariable logistic regression models (Supplemental Table 5)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNote: H = Past homelessness NH = No past homelessness\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"floatimage2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7101395/v1/a6bd6941ff556ae399170dce.png"},{"id":98244007,"identity":"fbd359c5-ee5b-4f0a-ba86-d5c2deaab791","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-15 16:12:26","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1990982,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7101395/v1/ae65f4c0-5de1-4dbd-894a-d146914fd059.pdf"},{"id":87893040,"identity":"90725abd-a0db-4ae6-9d7f-e79f417cb745","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-30 07:05:04","extension":"docx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":40353,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SupplementalTables.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7101395/v1/45538c4bbf71753abde75115.docx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Prevalence of Past Homelessness, Mental Health and Health Risk Behaviours Among Sexual Minority Young People in the UK: Insights from the Millenium Cohort Study","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eHomelessness among young people is a serious public health concern. Experiences of homelessness are associated with significant short and long-term adverse health and social problems, including increased likelihood for sustained and recurrent mental health problems, substance use, experiences of violence, sexual exploitation, victimisation and discrimination, and reduced access to continuing and higher education[\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR2 CR3\" citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e–\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e]. Experiencing homelessness is considered an indicator of extreme social exclusion and adversity. In the UK, there is no official government database on the prevalence of homelessness among young people, and the groups most impacted by it. \u003cem\u003eCentre Point\u003c/em\u003e, a national charity working on combating youth homelessness which carries out the largest country-wide survey on homelessness annually, found that 118,134 young people aged 16–24 years were homeless in 2023-24 (a 10% increase from preceding years)[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]. This number is likely to be an underestimate as it only includes young people who approached local councils for help[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]. The most common reasons cited for youth homelessness included family disputes and domestic violence, evictions, and no longer being supported by family or friends[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]. Homelessness disproportionately affects vulnerable groups including immigrants and refugees, those from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds, single-parent households and sexual minority groups[\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR7\" citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e–\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA growing body of evidence, primarily from North America and to a lesser extent Australia, indicates that homelessness is disproportionately experienced by sexual minority (SM) youth compared to heterosexual peers[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. Quantitative studies (using different designs and both probability and non-probability samples) indicate prevalence estimates of 15 to 45% of homeless respondents identify as sexual and/or gender minority (LGBTQ+)[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]. Further, SM youth make-up a large proportion (nearly 40%) of the clientele served by homelessness agencies and charities across the USA (whereas the proportion of individuals identifying as SM in the general population is 5 to 15%). A review of the literature by Ecker showed that prevalence rates of homelessness among SM youth ranges from 13–37% with the majority falling around the range of 20–35%[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e]. One of the largest studies to date examining prevalence of homelessness by sexual identity in the USA (including 28,405 SM and 136,232 heterosexual individuals) found 12% of SM youth experienced homelessness compared to 4% among heterosexual peers[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e]. Thus, regardless of sample size, country of study, whether all SM subgroups are combined or examined separately, this group consistently has disproportionately higher rates of homelessness than heterosexual peers.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eStudies have also shown that the prevalence of mental health problems (such as depression and suicidality) and health-risk behaviours ([HRBs], including substance use) are significantly higher among homeless SM youth compared to homeless heterosexual and non-homeless SM peers[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e]. Homeless SM youth are also more likely to engage in risky sexual behaviour as a means for survival or being exploited sexually[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe reasons for increased rates of homelessness and higher prevalence of mental health problems among SM people include family conflict and rejection, victimisation, abuse, and being told to leave home due to \u003cem\u003e‘coming out’\u003c/em\u003e or disclosing of sexual minority orientation[\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR15 CR16 CR17\" citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e–\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e]. Other factors include the higher levels of childhood abuse and neglect, homophobic bullying (both within and external to the familial environment) and higher levels of mental health problems among SM youth compared to heterosexual peers[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e]. Although breakdown of relationships with family, experiences of abuse in childhood, poverty and socioeconomic disadvantaged backgrounds increase risk of homelessness among both SM and non-SM youth[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e], these factors are particularly deleterious for SM youth, who experience rejection because of their sexual identity[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e]. Further, many of these risk factors are likely to co-occur leading to higher risk for homelessness among SM youth compared to heterosexual peers.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDespite concerning prevalence of both homelessness and mental health problems among SM people, the basic epidemiology of homelessness experiences among UK SM youth and impact on health and HRBs is largely not known. This prevents any meaningful discussion, further research and policy development. The reason for this gap in evidence and practice is that larger scale and national studies on prevalence of homelessness among SM groups \u003cem\u003ein comparison\u003c/em\u003e to heterosexual peers are not available in the UK[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]. The only larger-scale studies in the UK that reported on prevalence of homelessness are online surveys that included self-selecting SM individuals only or based on smaller regional/single cities only. In fact, most of the existing evidence on homelessness in SM youth in the UK including prevalence, common causes and health have been conducted by charities working exclusively with SM youth homelessness[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]. The lack of robust comparative studies using data from the UK general population has been cited repeatedly as a cause for concern[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis study aims to address these gaps by examining associations between sexual identity and risk for past homelessness among youth, including differences by sexual identity sub-group. Further, we aim to examine whether past homelessness is associated with worse mental health and higher levels of health-risk behaviours in SM youth compared to heterosexual peers with and without homelessness.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eStudy design and participants\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis cross-sectional study utilised data from the age 17 sweep of the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), a UK birth cohort study following the lives of 19,519 children born at the start of the millennium (2000–2002)[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e]. Study participants have been followed over seven sweeps to date (9 months, 3, 5, 7, 11, 14 and 17 years). Detailed information on the study, sampling and survey design can be found at: \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://cls.ucl.ac.uk/cls-studies/millennium-cohort-study/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/cls-studies/millennium-cohort-study/\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e. 14,496 families were invited to participate in the age 17 sweep. Of this number, 10,625 (73.3%) families and 10,345 (71.4%) adolescents were successfully interviewed. This study included N = 10,233 children (98.9% of the eligible sample) who attended the age 17 sweep in 2018–2019. MCS was oversampled for higher proportions of ethnic minority (EM) and socioeconomically disadvantaged families (sample weights ensure national representativeness). Attrition at age 17 sweep was predicted by single-parent families, lower-income occupation and lower educational level, Black ethnicity, and male sex. The STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) were followed in writing this manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMeasures\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSexual identity: Based on self-reported answers on sexuality (from eight options listed in Supplementary Table\u0026nbsp;1), participants were categorized into: 1. Completely heterosexual, 2. Mainly heterosexual, 3. Bisexual and 4. Gay or lesbian. Those who answered ‘other’, ‘do not know’ and ‘preferred not to say’ were excluded (N = 154). We created a second sexual identity variable with three categories: 1. Completely heterosexual, 2. Mainly heterosexual and 3. Bisexual, gay and lesbian (SM sub-groups combined).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHomelessness\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis was a binary variable assessed by a single question \u003cem\u003e‘’Has there ever been a time when you were homeless with no permanent residence?”\u003c/em\u003e Options to respond were yes or no.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMental health (MH)\u003c/em\u003e: MH was assessed using multiple indicators. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a commonly and widely used brief screening tool comprising 5 subscales (with each subscale including 5 items for a total of 25 items) that assess a range of behavioural and emotional problems in children[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]. We used the SDQ emotional symptoms subscale (SDQ-E) comprising 5 items or questions (for e.g., are you often unhappy?) relating to depression, worry, fear, nervousness, and somatic symptoms, which assesses symptoms of psychological distress in the preceding six months. The SDQ-E is widely validated and \u003cem\u003eroutinely used to capture symptoms of depression and anxiety\u003c/em\u003e in the general population and clinical settings[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e]. Further, the SDQ-E measure has been validated against diagnostic measures of depression or anxiety disorders and is an established screening tool to distinguish those individuals who meet the diagnostic criteria for depression and anxiety from those who do not. For each of the 5 items, participants could respond with: Not true, somewhat true, or certainly true (scored 0, 1 and 2, respectively). Total scores were calculated, ranging from 0–10, with higher scores indicating more emotional problems (depression and anxiety). Total scores were categorised into a binary variable based on recommended cut-off points indicating participants with ‘close to average’ (\u0026lt; 6) vs. ‘high/very high levels’ (≥ 6) of difficulties[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e]. Other mental health indicators included doctor diagnosed depression (yes vs no), self-harm (actions like burning, bruising/pinching, taking an overdose of tablets and pulling out hair), attempted suicide (yes vs no), and quality of sleep in the past month in the previous month. Participants could choose from one of four options (very good, fairly good, fairly bad or very bad). Categories were combined to create a binary variable; very good/fairly good vs fairly bad/very bad. Social adversity was assessed by experiences of victimisation (i.e., experiences of verbal, physical, sexual assault and/or harassment in the past 12 months). Responses were categorised into no experiences vs yes.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eGeneral health was assessed by the question \u003cem\u003e‘’How would you describe your health generally?’’\u003c/em\u003e with possible answers being excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor. Responses were categorised into a binary variable (excellent, very good, or good vs. fair or poor).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHealth-risk Behaviours (HRBs)\u003c/em\u003e: These were coded as binary indicators (never tried/experienced/none vs. yes) and included regular smoking habits (ever smokers and current smokers), frequency of alcohol consumption (\u0026lt; 10 times vs. ≥10 times) in previous 12 months, and frequency of cannabis use (≤ 4 times vs. ≥5times) in previous 12 months, and sex without contraception (sexual intercourse without use of any type of contraception). We also examined frequency of physical activity in the previous week (none vs. any). Antisocial behaviour was assessed by one or more of the following acts in the previous 12 months: Pushed or shoved/hit/slapped/punched someone, hit someone with or used a weapon, stolen something from someone, harassed someone via mobile phone/email, sent pictures or spread rumours about someone and made unwelcome sexual approaches/sexually assaulted someone. The original questions, complete component items of each scale and all health-related indicators, and how they were categorised (including references) are listed incomplete detail in Supplementary Table\u0026nbsp;2.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCovariates\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThese included parental income, ethnicity and sex assigned at birth (hereafter sex). Parental income was used as an indicator of socioeconomic position ascertained at age 3. Household income (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development UK) was categorized into equalized quintiles (where quintiles 1 and 5 represent the lowest and highest income quintiles respectively). For analysis, quantiles 4 and 5 were combined into a single category. Parents (or guardians) reported participant’s ethnicity at age 3 (original categories in Supplemental Table\u0026nbsp;1) which was available for over 95% of participants. Information on ethnicity from subsequent sweeps (ages 7, 11 and 14) was used to replace any missing ethnicity at age 3. Subjects were grouped into either 1. White (ethnic majority) and 2. EM (mixed-ethnicity, South Asian, Black and ‘other’). The ‘other’ group included participants from Asia (excluding South Asia), the Middle East and South America. Sex was based on sex assigned at birth (hereafter sex).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMissing data\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDue to attrition over follow-up, the proportion of missingness varied from 4.8–36%. Missing data for all health indicators and HRBs was \u0026lt; 5% and data were largely complete for sociodemographic variables (less \u0026lt; 0.5% missing for parental income and educational level but 4.3% were missing data on sexual identity), and all participants had complete data on sex and ethnicity. Missing data was addressed using Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations (MICE), operating under the Missing at Random Assumption (MAR). This was suitable given that observed characteristics like ethnicity and parental income were independent predictors of missingness (i.e., ethnic minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged participants were more likely to have missing information across ≥ 1 analysis parameters). To predict missing data, the imputation model integrated all mental health indicators, HRB, homelessness, and all covariates. The model also included auxiliary variables like mental wellbeing indicators, maternal age at birth and parental highest educational qualifications. We also included interaction terms between homelessness and sexual identity. We then combined these estimates using Rubin’s rules. Further, comparison of the results obtained from the complete cases and imputed analysis showed that the standard errors were smaller for multiple imputation, demonstrating the efficiency gain of multiple imputation over complete cases analysis. This helped to avoid bias in the resulting estimates, which could have been attributed to the disproportionate contribution of more socio-economically advantaged participants (potentially leading to underestimation of sexual identity-homelessness associations). The imputed sample was used in all analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eStatistical analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eWe first examined associations between sexual identity and risk for past homelessness using logistic regression modelling. Models were run unadjusted and adjusted for sex, parental income and ethnicity.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo examine whether SM individuals with past homelessness were more likely to report worse mental and general health compared to heterosexual peers with and without past homelessness, we ran multivariable logistic regression models with interaction terms between the sexual identity and homelessness variables. These models were adjusted for sex, parental income, and ethnicity. Similarly, we also ran multivariable logistic models to examine whether HRBs were more likely to be reported by SM individuals with past homelessness and compared to heterosexual peers (adjusted for confounders as above). The second version of the sexual identity variable was used in these models due to the overall smaller number of individuals reporting past homelessness.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAll models were weighted with non-response weights from the birth sweep to account for the stratified cluster design of the MCS and attrition over time (using the Stata \u003cem\u003e‘svy’\u003c/em\u003e command for survey data). Odds ratios from models were plotted for visualisation. All analyses were conducted in Stata V18 (StataCorp LP, College Station, Texas).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e displays the proportions of sexual identity, all health outcomes, and HRBs by past experiences of homelessness. Of the 10,232 adolescents in this study, 91 individuals reported past experiences of homelessness with significant variation in proportions by sexual identity (0.9% among heterosexuals, compared to 2.4% among bisexuals and 1.3% among gay/lesbian individuals, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.005). Adolescents reporting past experiences of homelessness had higher prevalence of all mental and general health outcomes (for e.g., 4% vs. 0.7% for attempted suicide and poor general health, 2% vs. 0.6% for self-harm among those with and without past homelessness, respectively). Adolescents with past experiences of homeless were more likely to report regular smoking and risky sex but there were no differences in frequent alcohol and cannabis use, exercise or anti-social behaviour.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e\u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eProportions of adolescents (N\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;10,232) aged 17 years from the Millennium Cohort Study reporting adverse health and health risk behaviours by past experiences of homelessness\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/caption\u003e\u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePast homelessness\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e99.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e98.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e99.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.94\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.75\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSexual identity\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eHeterosexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e99.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e98.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e99.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eMainly heterosexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e99.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e99.0\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e99.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.0\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eBisexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e97.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e96.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e98.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eGay/lesbian\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e98.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e97.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e100.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-0.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHealth indicators\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSDQ emotional symptoms subscale\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDoctor diagnosed depression\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSelf-harm\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAttempted suicide\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSleep\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGeneral health\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHealth risk behaviours\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSmoking, regular\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAlcohol frequency\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eWeed frequency\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eExercise\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRisky sex\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAntisocial behaviour\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVictimisation\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEthnicity\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhite\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e99.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e98.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e99.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNon-White\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e98.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e98.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e99.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.59\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e displays proportions of all outcomes in relation to intersectional sexual identity and past homelessness. SM adolescents with experiences of homelessness consistently had higher proportions of individuals reporting worse mental health (observed for all indicators) compared to heterosexual and SM peers with and without homelessness, respectively. For example, 55.6% of SM adolescents with homelessness reported symptoms of depression and anxiety, while corresponding proportions were 37% in heterosexuals with homelessness, and 47% and 18.2% in SM and heterosexual peers without homelessness, respectively. A similar trend was observed for regular smoking and risky sex.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e\u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eProportions of adolescents (N\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;10,232) aged 17 years from the Millennium Cohort Study reporting adverse health and health risk behaviours by past experiences of homelessness and sexual identity.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/caption\u003e\u003ccolgroup cols=\"19\"\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c13\" colnum=\"13\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c14\" colnum=\"14\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c15\" colnum=\"15\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c16\" colnum=\"16\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c17\" colnum=\"17\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c18\" colnum=\"18\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c19\" colnum=\"19\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSexual identity \u0026amp; past homelessness experience\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSDQ emotional\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eDoctor diagnosed depression\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c10\" namest=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSelf-harm\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c13\" namest=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAttempted suicide\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c16\" namest=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSleep quality\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c19\" namest=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eGeneral health\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c10\" namest=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c13\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c16\" namest=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e%\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c19\" namest=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNot homeless \u0026amp; heterosexual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e18.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e17.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e7.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e7.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e8.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e18.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e17.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e29.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e28.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c19\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNot homeless \u0026amp; mainly heterosexual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e32.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e29.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e35.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e14.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e12.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e16.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e36.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e33.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e39.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e9.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e7.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e10.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e38.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e35.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e9.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e7.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c19\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e10.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNot homeless \u0026amp; bisexual/gay/lesbian\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e43.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e50.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e26.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e23.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e29.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e57.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e60.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e21.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e18.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e24.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e44.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e40.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e48.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e12.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c19\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e14.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHomeless \u0026amp; heterosexual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e25.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e49\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e15.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e36.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e35.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e24.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e47.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e22.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e12.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e33.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e51.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e36.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e67.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e14.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c19\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e35.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHomeless \u0026amp; mainly heterosexual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e44.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e76.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e55.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e23.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e51.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e17.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e85.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e11.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-9.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e31.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e34.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-2.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e71.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e55.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e23.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c19\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHomeless \u0026amp; bisexual/gay/lesbian\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e55.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e32.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e78.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e61.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e38.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e83.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e88.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e74.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e103.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e77.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e58.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e97\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e75.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e49.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e100.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e33.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e11.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c19\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e55.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRegular smoking\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAlcohol frequency\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c10\" namest=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCannabis frequency\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c13\" namest=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eExercise\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c16\" namest=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRisky sex\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c19\" namest=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAntisocial behaviour\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e%\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e95% CI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e%\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e95% CI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e%\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c10\" namest=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e95% CI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e%\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c13\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e95% CI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e%\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c16\" namest=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e95% CI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e%\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c19\" namest=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e95% CI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNot homeless \u0026amp; heterosexual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e10.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e11.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e19.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e20.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e7.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e23.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e22.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e17.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e16.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e18.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e25.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e24.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c19\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e26.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNot homeless \u0026amp; mainly heterosexual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e10.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e8.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e12.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e24.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e21.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e26.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e11.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e9.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e26.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e24.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e29.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e16.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e21.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e28.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e26.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c19\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e31.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eNot Homeless \u0026amp; gay/lesbian\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e16.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e13.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e18.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e22.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e19.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e25.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e32.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e29.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e35.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e23.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e20.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e26.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e26.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e23.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c19\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e29.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHomeless \u0026amp; heterosexual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e29.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e40.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e10.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e17.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e12.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e20.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e32.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e21.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e44.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e26.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e15.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e37.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e10.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c19\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHomeless \u0026amp; mainly heterosexual\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e22.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-4.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e49.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e22.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-4.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e49.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-10.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e36.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e22.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-4.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e49.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e33.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e64.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e55.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e23.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c19\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eHomeless \u0026amp; bisexual/gay/lesbian\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e55.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e32.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e78.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e27.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e7.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e48.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e16.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-0.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e33.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e38.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e16.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e61.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e26.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e73.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e26.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c19\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e73.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSexual identity differences in past homelessness\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCompared to heterosexual adolescents, SM individuals were more likely to report past homelessness (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.92, 95% CI 1.47\u0026ndash;5.82 for bisexual and OR 1.87, 0.53\u0026ndash;6.56 for gay/lesbian individuals, Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). Adjustment for covariates only marginally attenuated the estimates.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e\u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAssociations between sexual identity and past experiences of homelessness in 10,232 adolescents aged 17 years from the Millennium Cohort Study. Estimates are from logistic regression models\u003c/b\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/caption\u003e\u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePredictor\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eUnadjusted model\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAdjusted model\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eOR\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eOR\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSexual identity\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eHeterosexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eMainly heterosexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.04\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.48, 2.27\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.12\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.51, 2.49\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eBisexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3.09\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.59, 6.00\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2.92\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.47, 5.82\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eGay/lesbian\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.93\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.55, 6.75\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.87\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.53, 6.56\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSex\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eMales\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eFemales\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.14\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.73,1.80\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eParental income\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1 (lowest quintile)\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6.6\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3.38, 12.89\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3.71\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1.75, 7.87\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.35\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.58, 3.14\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e4/5 (highest quintiles)\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eEthnicity\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhite\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eEthnic-minority\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.78\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.43, 1.40\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\u003ctfoot\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"5\"\u003e\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003eAdjusted for sex assigned at birth, ethnicity and parental income.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"5\"\u003eEstimates in bold indicate 95% CIs that do not include 1.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tfoot\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eDifferences in health and HRBs based on sexual identity and past homelessness\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn general, we found that adolescents with past homelessness had significantly higher proportions reporting worse health compared to those without homelessness. But these differences also varied by sexual identity and were often higher among SM adolescents with past homelessness and compared to SM peers without homelessness (see Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, and Supplemental Tables\u0026nbsp;3 and 4). For example, on average, 18% of heterosexual adolescents without past homelessness reported self-harm which increased to 39% in heterosexuals with homelessness. Corresponding proportions of self-harm were 55% and 85% in SM adolescents without and with past homelessness. Similarly, among adolescents without past homelessness, 6%, 10% and 11% of heterosexual, mainly heterosexual and SM adolescents, respectively, reported poor general health. This increased to 22%, 57% and 27% among corresponding sexual identity groups \u003cem\u003ewith\u003c/em\u003e past homelessness, respectively. We observed similar patterns for doctor diagnosed depression and poor sleep. However, differences in proportions were less pronounced among mainly heterosexual individuals for all outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e\u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eEstimated probabilities for health and health risk behaviours based on sexual identity and past experiences of homelessness in 10,232 adolescents aged 17 years from the Millennium Cohort Study. Estimates are derived from multivariable logistic regression models.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/caption\u003e\u003ccolgroup cols=\"13\"\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c13\" colnum=\"13\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSexual identity \u0026amp; homelessness\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSDQ Emotional subscale\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eDoctor diagnosed depression\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSelf-harm\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c9\" namest=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAttempted suicide\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c11\" namest=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eGeneral health\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c13\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSleep\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eProb\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eProb\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eProb\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eProb\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eProb\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eProb\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNot homeless \u0026amp; Heterosexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.18\u0026ndash;0.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.08\u0026ndash;0.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.18\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.17\u0026ndash;0.19\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.05\u0026ndash;0.06\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.05\u0026ndash;0.06\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.28\u0026ndash;0.31\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNot homeless \u0026amp; mainly heterosexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.27\u0026ndash;0.33\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.11\u0026ndash;0.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.36\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.32\u0026ndash;0.39\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.07\u0026ndash;0.12\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.10\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.08\u0026ndash;0.12\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.38\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.34\u0026ndash;0.42\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNot homeless \u0026amp; bisexual/gay/lesbian\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.36\u0026ndash;0.43\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.2\u0026ndash;0.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.55\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.51\u0026ndash;0.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.18\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.15\u0026ndash;0.21\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.09\u0026ndash;0.14\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.43\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.4\u0026ndash;0.47\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eHomeless \u0026amp; Heterosexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.41\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.29\u0026ndash;0.53\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.28\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.15\u0026ndash;0.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.39\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.25\u0026ndash;0.54\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.1\u0026ndash;0.35\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.11\u0026ndash;0.33\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.37\u0026ndash;0.77\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eHomeless \u0026amp; mainly heterosexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-0.1,0.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.21-1.0\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.42\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.06\u0026ndash;0.78\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-0.06,0.12\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.22\u0026ndash;0.92\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.31\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-0.06, 0.68\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eHomeless \u0026amp; bisexual/gay/lesbian\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.26\u0026ndash;0.68\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.41\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.15\u0026ndash;0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.85\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.67\u0026ndash;1.03\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.19\u0026ndash;0.85\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.04\u0026ndash;0.49\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.47\u0026ndash;1.12\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAlcohol frequency\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCannabis frequency\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRegular smoking\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c9\" namest=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRisky sex\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c11\" namest=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAnti-social behaviour\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c13\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProb\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e95% CI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProb\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e95% CI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProb\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e95% CI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProb\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e95% CI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eProb\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e95% CI\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNot homeless \u0026amp; Heterosexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.21\u0026ndash;0.24\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.07\u0026ndash;0.1\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.1\u0026ndash;0.12\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.17\u0026ndash;0.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.25\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.24\u0026ndash;0.26\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNot homeless \u0026amp; mainly heterosexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.25\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.22\u0026ndash;0.28\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.09\u0026ndash;0.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.09\u0026ndash;0.13\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.17\u0026ndash;0.23\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.31\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.28\u0026ndash;0.35\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNot homeless \u0026amp; bisexual/gay/lesbian\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.2\u0026ndash;0.27\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.1\u0026ndash;0.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.13\u0026ndash;0.19\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.2\u0026ndash;0.26\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.29\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.26\u0026ndash;0.33\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eHomeless \u0026amp; Heterosexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.02\u0026ndash;0.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.02\u0026ndash;0.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.13\u0026ndash;0.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.32\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.2\u0026ndash;0.45\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.12\u0026ndash;0.35\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eHomeless \u0026amp; mainly heterosexual\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.38\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.05\u0026ndash;0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-0.1,0.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.18\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-0.1,0.39\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.51\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.18\u0026ndash;0.83\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.66\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.36\u0026ndash;0.95\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eHomeless \u0026amp; bisexual/gay/lesbian\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.36\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.07\u0026ndash;0.65\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.29\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.01\u0026ndash;0.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.48\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.21\u0026ndash;0.75\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.41\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.14\u0026ndash;0.67\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.36\u0026ndash;0.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\u003ctfoot\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"13\"\u003eEstimates are derived from multivariable logistic regression models including interaction terms between homelessness and sexual identity variables and adjusted for sex assigned at birth, ethnicity and parental income.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tfoot\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDifferences in proportions of adolescents reporting HRBs in relation to sexual identity and homelessness were less pronounced. However, there were observable differences for regular smoking (11 vs. 26% in heterosexual, 20 vs. 51% in mainly heterosexual, 23 vs. 41% in SM adolescents) and risky sex (19 vs. 32% in heterosexual, 11 vs. 18% in mainly heterosexual, 16 vs. 48%) in SM adolescents, without and with homelessness, respectively. Similarly, greater proportions of mainly heterosexual and SM adolescents with past homelessness reported anti-social behaviour compared to heterosexual peers with homelessness. But there were no differences in anti-social behaviour among heterosexual peers (see Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, and Supplemental Table\u0026nbsp;4).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn this study, which includes adolescents from a national cohort study, we found that SM individuals were more likely to report past experiences of homelessness compared to heterosexual peers. These findings were statistically significant in only bisexual individuals. We found that individuals with past homelessness were substantially more likely to report worse mental and general health at age 17 compared to those without homelessness. However, a pertinent finding is that greater proportions of SM individuals with past homelessness reported worse mental health compared to heterosexual peers with the same experience. Similar patterns in relation to sexual identity and homelessness were observed for some HRBs.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eStrengths and limitations\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eStrengths of this study include its sample, drawn from a nationally representative, contemporary birth cohort. This facilitates generalisability to the UK adolescent population and addressed the gap in evidence that has over relied on convenience samples. This study included multiple and widely used mental health indicators (like SDQ, self-harm, attempted suicide) which showed consistent associations with past homelessness status, reducing risk of chance findings, and facilitating comparisons with other studies (though these mental health conditions are more likely to co-occur). Like many longitudinal studies, the MCS is impacted by attrition (of the original 19,517 children, 10,757 attended the age 17 sweep) and missing data but the age 17 sample remains representative of the original cohort from the birth sweep. While all individuals had data on ethnicity and parental income, 4.3% were missing data on sexual identity and 3.5% homelessness. However, missing data did not substantially vary by homelessness. Missing data was addressed using the robust multiple imputation technique. While imputation relies on the MAR assumption which is not empirically verifiable[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e], we increased the plausibility of the MAR assumption by including a rich set of auxiliary variables (maternal age at birth, parental mental health, mental wellbeing measures, all five SDQ subscales, BMI) in the imputation model. Auxiliary variables help increase the precision of predicting missing data and minimising non-random variation in values. Additionally, longitudinal data on BMI, high-quality socioeconomic measures and ethnicity are powerful predictors of missing data which significantly strengthen the imputation model.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA significant limitation is the small number of individuals who reported past homelessness which impacts statistical power especially in testing interactions effects by sexual identity sub-groups. However, this is severely impacted by that individuals who experience homelessness are significantly under-represented in population-based studies. This necessitated combining bisexual, gay and lesbian individuals in the same category. However, despite small numbers, we still found significant findings for some sexual identity groups (e.g., bisexual individuals) and many outcomes (e.g., self-harm, smoking, antisocial behaviour). Nonetheless, the smaller number of individuals in some categories resulted in reduced statistical power, affecting the precision of estimates in models including interactions (for e.g., the wider CI related to past homelessness and gay/lesbian individuals and CI for attempted suicide, depression, general health among SM individuals with homelessness). As such, while these estimates are considered \u0026lsquo;statistically significant\u0026rsquo;, we advise caution in interpretation. The small number of SM individuals with past homelessness precluding analyses of differences by sex, gender and ethnicity. We were unable to examine the main causes of homelessness and whether these varied by sexual identity as data was not collected.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWe could not examine the primary reasons for and period/length of homelessness, the kind of shelter sought, access to MH services, peer-group support, SM-specific issues such as gender-role strain, rejection sensitivity, internalised stigma, and perceived burdensomeness which are strongly linked to MH and well-being (self-harm and suicidality) and also differ between individuals with and without homelessness and sexual-identity groups. We were unable to examine associations in trans-, pansexual, and asexual individuals who have higher odds for homelessness compared to gay, lesbian and bisexual peers, due to very small numbers[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e]. As we are using one wave and have conducted cross-sectional analysis, we cannot conclude causality. Nonetheless, we examined associations between prior experience of homelessness (which could occur any time before age 17) and a range of outcomes assessed at age 17. Further, previous studies have found that past experiences of homelessness are subsequently associated with low mood/depression, risk for self-harm and attempted suicide in adolescents.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eComparison of findings with existing literature\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTo our knowledge, this is the first study to examine sexual identity related differences in past homelessness and associations with mental health and HRBs using a nationally representative sample of adolescents and robust statistical methods. Our study confirms previous findings that SM adolescents are significantly more likely to experience homelessness compared to heterosexual peers[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e]. Most published studies combined all sexual minority sub-groups together masking potential underlying differences between gay, lesbian and bisexual groups, an issue highlighted in systematic reviews[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e]. One of the largest studies to date including 28,405 SM individuals did not report differences in homelessness by SM subgroup[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e]. However, some studies have found that bisexual youth experience higher rates of homelessness compared to gay and lesbian peers in line with our findings, others have reported no differences[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e]. Direct comparisons are limited as many studies did not include a heterosexual comparator group. This study also confirms higher rates of worse mental health and health risk behaviours in SM adolescents with homelessness compared to SM and heterosexual peers with and without past homelessness. We observed higher probabilities for worse mental health among homeless SM adolescents consistent with all indicators though significant differences were limited to self-harm and attempted suicide. A key strength our study is that we examined associations with multiple indicators of mental health in a probability sample, while most previous studies focused on depression and/or self-harm only. Similarly, we confirm previous findings have higher rates of health risk behaviours among SM adolescents with past homelessness with particularly stark differences for regular smoking and antisocial behaviour. To out knowledge this is the first study to examine antisocial behaviour in homeless youth and differences by sexual identity.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eImplications for public health\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe lack of robust quantitative data on homelessness among SM individuals and youth in particular, in the UK, has been repeatedly highlighted in recent reviews and reports on the topic[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e]. The only comprehensive government commissioned qualitative study and report on homelessness among LGBT individuals also highlighted the lack of quantitative studies in the UK and how it precludes further research and importantly prevents more holistic policy development[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e]. Unfortunately, at time of writing, the current government has not indicated to prioritise adverse issues and their drivers, including homelessness experienced by the sexual and gender minority communities. As this study is the first in the UK to examine sexual identity inequalities in homelessness among youth using a nationally representative and probability sample of individuals, comparisons with other UK studies are limited.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis study takes the first step in addressing the lack of quantitative data on the subject but also highlights issues like the absence of key specific data required to comprehensively study homelessness in SM individuals. Another issue highlighted is that current studies like the MCS which despite being the largest of the UK birth cohort studies to date are underpowered to examine issues like homelessness in detail. Government policy needs to address this by establishing dedicated studies to examine health in marginalised groups including SM and homeless populations. Current and new population-based studies could include oversamples of marginalised groups to facilitate more robust studies on health in these groups. Our study\u0026rsquo;s findings and especially when examined together with the many qualitative studies and surveys conducted by UK-based charities and other stakeholders highlights that homelessness among SM youth is a pertinent and ongoing issue and there are currently no government guidelines or agenda to address this.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFinal summary\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis study found higher prevalence of past homelessness among SM adolescents compared to heterosexual peers. Further, SM adolescents with past homelessness had higher prevalence of worse current mental health and some HRBs at age 17 compared to heterosexual peers with past homelessness. Importantly, this study is the first in the UK to quantitatively demonstrate these findings using a nationally representative sample. This study highlights the persistent and intersectional inequalities experienced by SM youth which can further impact and widen health disparities across the lifecourse.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Abbreviations","content":"\u003cp\u003eEM: Ethnic minority\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHRBs: Health-risk behaviours\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLGBTQ+: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer and other sexual/gender minority identities\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMCS: Millennium Cohort Study\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOR – Odds ratio\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSM: Sexual minority\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSDQ-E: Strengths and difficulties questionnaire emotional symptoms subscale\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEthics approval for the MCS was obtained from the National Research Ethics Service Committee London\u0026mdash; Central (reference 13/LO/1786). Ethical approval for the age 17 main stage was obtained on 18th October 2017 from the National Research Ethics Service (NRES) Research Ethics Committee (REC) North East \u0026ndash; York (REC ref: 17/NE/0341). All data are anonymized and available to researchers via the UK Data Service. Cohort members \u0026ge;16 years provided verbal consent to take part in the study. The cohort members (16 or older at the time of the interview and considered adults), provided verbal informed consent to take part in the survey overall, and for each individual survey element. Parents did not have to provide consent for the interviewer to approach the cohort members. Interviewers were required to ensure that consent from the cohort member was as fully informed as possible. To do this, cohort members needed to understand the full details of processes, the reasons they were being asked to take part in each element, and the details around storage and use of data. Complete details on all ethics including informed consent can be found in the Millennium Cohort Study Seventh Sweep (MCS7) Technical Report which can be accessed here: https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/MCS7_Technical_Report.pdf\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study was conducted according to the ethical principles for medical research involving human participants as described in the Declaration of Helsinki.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eData availability\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData for this study is from the age 17 sweep of the Millennium Cohort Study. Data can be accessed from the UK Data Service website: https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/ (after registration and agreeing to licence terms and conditions). Syntax/code used for the analysis in this study is available on request from the corresponding author.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFunding\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eARK is partly funded by the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Team Science award (2024). LB is partly funded by the ESRC (APP38722: Inclusive Survey Futures: building on EVENS to improve representation, robustness and feasibility of web-based social surveys).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAuthors\u0026apos; contributions\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eARK conceived the research idea, conducted the data analysis and wrote the manuscript. LB contributed to data curation and analysis. Both authors were involved in interpretation of findings and contributed to writing and read and approved the final version of the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Economic and Social Research Council funds the Centre for Longitudinal Studies (CLS) Resource Centre (ES/W013142/1) which provides core support for the CLS cohort studies. While the CLS Resource Centre makes these data available, CLS does not bear any responsibility for the analysis or interpretation of these data by researchers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe CLS cohorts are only possible due to the commitment and enthusiasm of their participants, their time and contribution is gratefully acknowledged.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBramley GaF S. Homelessness in the UK: who is most at risk? Hous Stud. 2016;33(1):96\u0026ndash;116.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePhelan J, Link BG, Moore RE, Stueve A. The stigma ofhomelessness: The impact of the label homeless on attitudestoward poor persons. Social Psychol Q. 1997;60(4):323\u0026ndash;37.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eReilly J, Ho I, Williamson A. A systematic review of the effect of stigma on the health of people experiencing homelessness. Health Soc Care Community. 2022;30(6):2128\u0026ndash;41.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFazel S, Geddes JR, Kushel M. The health of homeless people in high-income countries: descriptive epidemiology, health consequences, and clinical and policy recommendations. Lancet. 2014;384(9953):1529\u0026ndash;40.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNuttall E. Hidden in plain sight: Understanding youth homelessness in the UK. In.; 2025.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSamari D, Groot S. Potentially exploring homelessness among refugees: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Social Distress Homelessness. 2023;32(1):135\u0026ndash;50.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMccarthy LP. Is LGBT homelessness different? Reviewing the relationship between LGBT identity and homelessness. Hous Stud. 2022;40(7):1525\u0026ndash;44.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eByrne TH, Henwood BF, Orlando AW. A Rising Tide Drowns Unstable Boats: How Inequality Creates Homelessness. ANNALS Am Acad Political Social Sci. 2021;693(1):28\u0026ndash;45.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCorliss HL, Goodenow CS, Nichols L, Austin SB. High burden of homelessness among sexual-minority adolescents: findings from a representative Massachusetts high school sample. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(9):1683\u0026ndash;9.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eEcker J. Queer, young, and homeless: A review of the literature. Child Youth Serv. 2016;37(4):325\u0026ndash;61.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDeal C, Gonzales G. Homelessness Among Sexual Minority Youth. Pediatrics 2023, 152(6).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eKidd SA, Gaetz S, O'Grady B. The 2015 National Canadian Homeless Youth Survey: Mental Health and Addiction Findings. Can J Psychiatry. 2017;62(7):493\u0026ndash;500.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHail-Jaresa KV-O, Theo R, Butlerc M, Byrne TM. Queer homelessness: the distinct experiencesof sexuality and trans-gender diverse youth. J LGBT Youth. 2023;20(4):757\u0026ndash;82.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGaetz SOG, Schwan S. K.: Without a home: The National Youth Homelessness Survey. In. Toronto; 2016.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRhoades H, Rusow JA, Bond D, Lanteigne A, Fulginiti A, Goldbach JT. Homelessness, Mental Health and Suicidality Among LGBTQ Youth Accessing Crisis Services. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2018;49(4):643\u0026ndash;51.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRobinson BA. Child Welfare Systems and LGBTQ Youth Homelessness: Gender Segregation, Instability, and Intersectionality. Child Welfare. 2018;96(2):29\u0026ndash;45.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLGBT youth homelessness. A UK national scoping of cause, prevalence, response, and outcome. In.; 2015.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eShelton J, Poirier JM, Wheeler C, Abramovich A. Reversing Erasure of Youth and Young Adults Who are LGBTQ and Access Homelessness Services: Asking about Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Pronouns. Child Welfare. 2018;96(2):1\u0026ndash;28.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eKhanolkar AR, Frost DM, Tabor E, Redclift V, Amos R, Patalay P. Ethnic and Sexual Identity-Related Inequalities in Adolescent Health and Well-Being in a National Population-Based Study. LGBT Health. 2023;10(1):26\u0026ndash;40.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eForge N, Hartinger-Saunders R, Wright E, Ruel E. Out of the System and onto the Streets: LGBTQ-Identified Youth Experiencing Homelessness with Past Child Welfare System Involvement. Child Welfare. 2018;96(2):47\u0026ndash;74.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLesbian. gay, bisexual and transgender people's experiences of homelessness. In.; 2024.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eConnelly R, Platt L. Cohort profile: UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS). Int J Epidemiol. 2014;43(6):1719\u0026ndash;25.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGoodman R, Meltzer H, Bailey V. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: a pilot study on the validity of the self-report version. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2003;15(1\u0026ndash;2):173\u0026ndash;7.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eArmitage JM, Tseliou F, Riglin L, Dennison C, Eyre O, Bevan Jones R, Rice F, Thapar AK, Thapar A, Collishaw S. Validation of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) emotional subscale in assessing depression and anxiety across development. PLoS ONE. 2023;18(7):e0288882.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eScoring the Strengths. \u0026amp; Difficulties Questionnaire for age 4\u0026ndash;17. In.; 2015.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eP vH. Regression with Missing Ys: An Improved Strategy for Analyzing Multiply Imputed Data. Sociol Methodol. 2007;37:83\u0026ndash;117.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLim G, Melendez-Torres GJ, Amos N, Anderson J, Norman T, Power J, Jones J, Bourne A. Demographic predictors of experiences of homelessness among lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, gender-diverse and queer-identifying (LGBTIQ) young people in Australia. J Youth Stud. 2025;28(1):254\u0026ndash;80.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMcCann EB. Homelessness among youth who identify as LGBTQ+: A systematic review. J Clin Nurs. 2019;28:2061\u0026ndash;72.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSiconolfi D, Tucker JS, Shadel WG, Seelam R, Golinelli D. Health, Homelessness Severity, and Substance Use among Sexual Minority Youth Experiencing Homelessness: A Comparison of Bisexual Versus Gay and Lesbian Youth. J Sex Res. 2020;57(7):933\u0026ndash;42.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-public-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"pubh","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Public Health](http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/pubh/default.aspx","title":"BMC Public Health","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"homelessness, sexual minority, mental health, depression, self-harm, health risk behaviour, adolescent health, health inequalities, United Kingdom","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7101395/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7101395/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAim:\u003c/strong\u003e To examine the prevalence of past homelessness and rates of poor mental health and health-risk behaviours (HRBs) by sexual identity in adolescents.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods:\u003c/strong\u003e This study used data from the age 17 sweep of the UK-wide Millennium Cohort Study (N=10,232, 51% female, 21% sexual minority). Mental health was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) emotional symptoms subscale for depression and anxiety, and self-reported actions of self-harm, attempted suicide, sleep quality and doctor-diagnosed depression. HRBs were six (like regular smoking and antisocial behaviour). Associations between sexual identity (heterosexual, mainly heterosexual, bisexual and gay/lesbian) and past homelessness were examined using multivariable logistic regression. Associations between past homelessness and mental health and HRBs, and whether these differed by sexual identity were examined using multivariable logistic regression with appropriate interactions between the homeless and sexual identity variables. Models were adjusted for sex, parental income and ethnicity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults:\u003c/strong\u003e Bisexual (adjusted-OR 2.92, 95% CI: 1.47-5.82) and gay/lesbian (adjusted-OR 1.87, 0.53-6.56) adolescents had higher odds for past homelessness compared to heterosexual peers. Prevalence of self-harm (homeless bisexual/gay/lesbian and heterosexual: 85% and 39% respectively, not homeless bisexual/gay/lesbian and heterosexual: 55% and 18% respectively) and attempted suicide were significantly higher in individuals with past homelessness with the highest rates among SM individuals. Similar pattern of findings was observed with regular smoking and antisocial behaviour.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusions:\u003c/strong\u003e Sexual minority individuals are more likely to experience past homelessness. Although homelessness is associated with worse current mental health and HRBs regardless of sexual orientation, a greater proportions of sexual minority individuals with past homelessness reported worse mental health compared to heterosexual peers with the same experience\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Prevalence of Past Homelessness, Mental Health and Health Risk Behaviours Among Sexual Minority Young People in the UK: Insights from the Millenium Cohort Study","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-07-30 07:04:50","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7101395/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-07-28T07:58:10+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-07-24T02:42:41+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-07-15T10:48:18+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-07-15T10:36:50+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Public Health","date":"2025-07-15T10:11:16+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-public-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"pubh","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Public Health](http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/pubh/default.aspx","title":"BMC Public Health","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"68c143c4-35cc-4bb5-adea-01615305d8ab","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 30th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-12-15T16:04:50+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-7101395","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-25429-7","journal":{"identity":"bmc-public-health","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Public Health"},"publishedOn":"2025-12-10 15:59:00","publishedOnDateReadable":"December 10th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-07-30 07:04:50","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12889-025-25429-7","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-25429-7","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7101395","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7101395","identity":"rs-7101395","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}