Filterless frequency 32-tupling millimeter ROF system without bit walk-off effect by Mach-Zehnder modulators

Filterless frequency 32-tupling millimeter ROF system without bit walk-off effect by Mach-Zehnder modulators | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Filterless frequency 32-tupling millimeter ROF system without bit walk-off effect by Mach-Zehnder modulators xinqiao Chen, Siyuan Dai, Xu Chen This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4007119/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract A novel scheme to generate a frequency 32-tripling millimeter wave (MMW) and transmit it over fiber without the bit walk-off effect is proposed. The operation principle and feasibility of our proposed scheme are theoretically analyzed and verified with simulation experiments. The main part of our designed scheme is a ± 16th order sidebands generator (SG) which is constructed by eight Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZM) in parallel. In the back-to-back transmission case, by properly adjusting the voltage and initial phase of the radio frequency (RF) drive signals loaded on the MZMs, ± 16th order sidebands are generated by the SG. In the data transmission case, the data signal is split into two paths first, one of which modulates the RF drive signal with an electrical phase modulator (PM), and the other is amplified by an electrical gainer (EG), and then the two paths signal are combined into one which is used as the RF drive signal to the MZMs. By adjusting the modulation index of the PM and the gain of the EG, the data signal can be modulated only to the + 16th order sideband of the output of the SG. The output signal of the SG is transmitted to the remote base station via optical fiber and injected into the photodetector to generate the 32-tripling frequency MMW with data. The influence on the bit error rate (BER) by the key parameters in the system is also analyzed. Our designed scheme can effectively overcome the bit walk-off effect caused by optical fiber chromatic dispersion, greatly increase the optical fiber transmission distance, and has important application prospects in radio over fiber (ROF). radio over fiber (ROF) millimeter wave (MMW) Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZM) bit walk-off effect Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4007119","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":503150612,"identity":"5e45e3c8-f711-4d64-9d85-5d2d6626bd27","order_by":0,"name":"xinqiao Chen","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA9ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACNgYGA2YGBvbmww8/VEjIyROvhedYmrHEGQtjwwaitDAAtUjkGEjwtlUkMhwgoN6cvcfscUWBtV0/zwEDA8l5EgmMDcwPH93Ao8Wy54y54RmD9OSZ7Q0JDwq3SeSxM7AZG+fg0WJwI3ebZIPB4WSDMwcOGEhukyhmbOBhk8ar5f5biBb7G4kNErxzJBIbDhDScoMXrMXOQCKZQYK3gRgtZ/K/GzYYpCdInDnGZixxTMLYsJmQX44fS3vY8Mfanr+9//PDDzV1cvLszQ8f49MCA4kNcCYzEcpBwJ5IdaNgFIyCUTASAQA0nk34UsfkLwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8522-3227","institution":"Communication University of China","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"xinqiao","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":503150613,"identity":"f77159f6-e97e-443f-8830-52a15939a5c7","order_by":1,"name":"Siyuan Dai","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Communication University of China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Siyuan","middleName":"","lastName":"Dai","suffix":""},{"id":503150614,"identity":"ab2dced7-c00d-4f26-b0aa-afdb2856e0f7","order_by":2,"name":"Xu Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Communication University of China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xu","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-03-02 23:33:30","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4007119/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4007119/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":90793205,"identity":"54ae4ffd-559e-430a-9c67-09107096cb14","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-09-08 08:38:25","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1196443,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"renamedd3b7d.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4007119/v1_covered_cae669bb-6719-41fe-8b0e-074d29371b51.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Filterless frequency 32-tupling millimeter ROF system without bit walk-off effect by Mach-Zehnder modulators","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"radio over fiber (ROF), millimeter wave (MMW), Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZM), bit walk-off effect","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4007119/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4007119/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eA novel scheme to generate a frequency 32-tripling millimeter wave (MMW) and transmit it over fiber without the bit walk-off effect is proposed. The operation principle and feasibility of our proposed scheme are theoretically analyzed and verified with simulation experiments. The main part of our designed scheme is a\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;16th order sidebands generator (SG) which is constructed by eight Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZM) in parallel. In the back-to-back transmission case, by properly adjusting the voltage and initial phase of the radio frequency (RF) drive signals loaded on the MZMs, \u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;16th order sidebands are generated by the SG. In the data transmission case, the data signal is split into two paths first, one of which modulates the RF drive signal with an electrical phase modulator (PM), and the other is amplified by an electrical gainer (EG), and then the two paths signal are combined into one which is used as the RF drive signal to the MZMs. By adjusting the modulation index of the PM and the gain of the EG, the data signal can be modulated only to the +\u0026thinsp;16th order sideband of the output of the SG. The output signal of the SG is transmitted to the remote base station via optical fiber and injected into the photodetector to generate the 32-tripling frequency MMW with data. The influence on the bit error rate (BER) by the key parameters in the system is also analyzed. Our designed scheme can effectively overcome the bit walk-off effect caused by optical fiber chromatic dispersion, greatly increase the optical fiber transmission distance, and has important application prospects in radio over fiber (ROF).\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Filterless frequency 32-tupling millimeter ROF system without bit walk-off effect by Mach-Zehnder modulators","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-08-29 05:17:35","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4007119/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"dece62c1-7122-4384-9bd7-7cbb4f0ee9ce","owner":[],"postedDate":"August 29th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-09-08T08:30:17+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-08-29 05:17:35","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4007119","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4007119","identity":"rs-4007119","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}