Advancement in research on relationship between interleukin-1 family and endometriosis

At present, the exact pathogenesis of endometriosis (EMs) remains uncertain. However, more and more researches support that interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays an important role in implantation, proliferation and invasion of endometrial cells along with retrograde menstruation. However, whether increased IL-1 is the initiator of EMs or the disease causes increase of IL-1 or they develop simultaneously, still needs more investigations.