Assessment of delamination occurrence in the drilling process of the carbon fiber/PEI composite

Assessment of delamination occurrence in the drilling process of the carbon fiber/PEI composite | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Assessment of delamination occurrence in the drilling process of the carbon fiber/PEI composite Carolina Silva, Thiago Silva, Alessandro Guimaraes, Marcel Kondo, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4607334/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Among the types of composite materials, those with thermoplastic matrices have gained importance due to their potential for recycling, lower manufacturing costs, and exceptional impact resistance. However, the machining process of composite materials differs significantly from that used for metals due to their non-homogeneous and anisotropic nature, making the process much more complex and challenging. Moreover, in many cases, the fibers used as reinforcement are highly abrasive, which significantly affects the machining process. Among structural thermoplastic composites, those based on polyetherimide (PEI) matrix show excellent potential for applications in structures with high-performance requirements. This study aims to determine the best drilling parameters to introduce open-hole in specimens of PEI reinforced with continuous carbon fibers (CF) with a minimum delamination. To achieve this, four different cutting tools with different materials and geometries (carbide tool 118°, carbide tool 140°, diamond tool 90°, and carbide tool with two-point angles 90° and 118°) were tested, along with three rotational speeds (4000, 6000, and 8000 rpm) combined with three distinct feed rates (0.025, 0.038, and 0.050 mm/rev) using a full factorial experimental design. A statistical analysis of variance and Tukey’s test were applied to determine the influence of the parameters and to identify the best machining parameters as well as those most suitable for minimizing delamination. The obtained results showed that the damage in the entrance of the hole is influenced by the rotation and geometry of tools, which are bigger for higher rotation, and also by the point angle of the tool, with the 140°-point angle showing less damage than the 118°-point angle. For the exit of the hole, the only variable that directly influenced the outcome was the tool type. The results show that the diamond tool for hole entry/exit has superior finishing. The delamination results at the entrance and exit of the hole indicate that the best drilling parameters are rotation of 4000 rpm, diamond cutting tool with a point angle of 90°, in any of the conditions tested. Thermoplastic composites. CF PEI. Drilling. Delamination. ANOVA. Tukey’s test Full Text Supplementary Files 5.Highlights.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4607334","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":318395541,"identity":"ace62ac5-0345-4464-b673-6b8165ecd101","order_by":0,"name":"Carolina Silva","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Carolina","middleName":"","lastName":"Silva","suffix":""},{"id":318395542,"identity":"de6b3aff-f324-4ec8-94e6-c591f6cbe31c","order_by":1,"name":"Thiago Silva","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3695-8515","institution":"IFSP","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Thiago","middleName":"","lastName":"Silva","suffix":""},{"id":318395543,"identity":"60a2c850-7dda-4a05-afa3-2f05bb1fcdda","order_by":2,"name":"Alessandro Guimaraes","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alessandro","middleName":"","lastName":"Guimaraes","suffix":""},{"id":318395544,"identity":"1bed0d03-fc72-4074-bfa3-e46167b2b96a","order_by":3,"name":"Marcel Kondo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Marcel","middleName":"","lastName":"Kondo","suffix":""},{"id":318395545,"identity":"a48b5801-c039-400c-881a-923ec6386f99","order_by":4,"name":"Manoel Alves","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Manoel","middleName":"","lastName":"Alves","suffix":""},{"id":318395546,"identity":"78f727ec-cc04-4b66-adf4-ef4838c90aaa","order_by":5,"name":"Mirabel Rezende","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mirabel","middleName":"","lastName":"Rezende","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-06-19 17:05:09","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4607334/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4607334/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":78370568,"identity":"90c30b09-d987-4001-b1b1-c390def02026","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-03-12 13:54:08","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1171137,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"NEWManuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4607334/v1_covered_7a5c4ad9-91f2-4208-a9d0-715b475d92ff.pdf"},{"id":60370904,"identity":"8ea4c823-5b24-422d-bc46-e275809cc113","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-07-16 05:01:02","extension":"docx","order_by":20,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":16505,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"5.Highlights.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4607334/v1/23b743e3d24d2bc669a74655.docx"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Assessment of delamination occurrence in the drilling process of the carbon fiber/PEI composite","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Thermoplastic composites. CF, PEI. Drilling. Delamination. ANOVA. Tukey’s test","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4607334/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4607334/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eAmong the types of composite materials, those with thermoplastic matrices have gained importance due to their potential for recycling, lower manufacturing costs, and exceptional impact resistance. However, the machining process of composite materials differs significantly from that used for metals due to their non-homogeneous and anisotropic nature, making the process much more complex and challenging. Moreover, in many cases, the fibers used as reinforcement are highly abrasive, which significantly affects the machining process. Among structural thermoplastic composites, those based on polyetherimide (PEI) matrix show excellent potential for applications in structures with high-performance requirements. This study aims to determine the best drilling parameters to introduce open-hole in specimens of PEI reinforced with continuous carbon fibers (CF) with a minimum delamination. To achieve this, four different cutting tools with different materials and geometries (carbide tool 118\u0026deg;, carbide tool 140\u0026deg;, diamond tool 90\u0026deg;, and carbide tool with two-point angles 90\u0026deg; and 118\u0026deg;) were tested, along with three rotational speeds (4000, 6000, and 8000 rpm) combined with three distinct feed rates (0.025, 0.038, and 0.050 mm/rev) using a full factorial experimental design. A statistical analysis of variance and Tukey\u0026rsquo;s test were applied to determine the influence of the parameters and to identify the best machining parameters as well as those most suitable for minimizing delamination. The obtained results showed that the damage in the entrance of the hole is influenced by the rotation and geometry of tools, which are bigger for higher rotation, and also by the point angle of the tool, with the 140\u0026deg;-point angle showing less damage than the 118\u0026deg;-point angle. For the exit of the hole, the only variable that directly influenced the outcome was the tool type. The results show that the diamond tool for hole entry/exit has superior finishing. The delamination results at the entrance and exit of the hole indicate that the best drilling parameters are rotation of 4000 rpm, diamond cutting tool with a point angle of 90\u0026deg;, in any of the conditions tested.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Assessment of delamination occurrence in the drilling process of the carbon fiber/PEI composite","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-07-16 05:00:57","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4607334/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"1fee46fc-864c-4c92-83b7-f9422d4fb932","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 16th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-03-12T13:53:47+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-07-16 05:00:57","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4607334","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4607334","identity":"rs-4607334","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"ehx78VzkSd0WSzXnipQa-","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}