Physics in the Service of Oral Health: STEM Perspective

This study integrates STEM principles to explore the impact of fluoride toothpaste and acidic beverages on enamel-like structures using chicken eggshells as a model. Leveraging X-ray diffraction (XRD), the research examines the crystallographic changes in untreated, fluoride-treated, and Coca-Cola-exposed eggshells, representing key scientific and mathematical applications. Results show that fluoride forms a protective calcium fluoride layer, while acids erode this defense, mirroring dental decay processes. The experiment highlights the technological role of XRD in material analysis and demonstrates an engineering approach to modeling real-world biological effects. Additionally, the study promotes STEM education by encouraging hands-on experimentation in classrooms.