Effect of running-in conditions on the super low EHD sliding friction of Si 3 N 4 ball and WC plate in glycerol-water solution | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Effect of running-in conditions on the super low EHD sliding friction of Si 3 N 4 ball and WC plate in glycerol-water solution Renshui Cao, Chenxu Liu, Hui Cao, Yuanzhe Li, Zulfiqar Khan, Yonggang Meng This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3183737/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 03 Nov, 2023 Read the published version in Tribology Letters → Version 1 posted 8 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In water-based ultralow or super low friction experiments, a running-in period before achieving the ultralow or super low friction is necessary and important. However, the effect of the change in contact geometry has not been fully realised. In this paper, a series of running-in tests on a Si 3 N 4 ball and a WC plate have been performed in glycerol-water mixtures with different concentrations. The shape of the wear scars and the chemical compositions of the worn surfaces were characterised in detail. A numerical EHD and mixed lubrication model was established to comprehensively analyze the effects of geometric profiles, surface roughness, and working / lubrication conditions on ultralow or super low sliding friction. The experiment and simulation results of the study have provided an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of super low friction of liquid lubricated sliding point contacts. running-in super low friction contact geometry silicon nitride tungsten carbide glycerol-water Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 03 Nov, 2023 Read the published version in Tribology Letters → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Major revision 16 Aug, 2023 Reviewers agreed at journal 07 Aug, 2023 Reviews received at journal 04 Aug, 2023 Reviewers agreed at journal 24 Jul, 2023 Reviewers invited by journal 21 Jul, 2023 Editor assigned by journal 20 Jul, 2023 Submission checks completed at journal 20 Jul, 2023 First submitted to journal 19 Jul, 2023 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3183737","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":220339629,"identity":"49850812-6f04-4071-a091-d842ec884915","order_by":0,"name":"Renshui Cao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Tsinghua University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Renshui","middleName":"","lastName":"Cao","suffix":""},{"id":220339630,"identity":"024251db-b379-4201-97d5-4cf91b5fc61b","order_by":1,"name":"Chenxu Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Tsinghua University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chenxu","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":220339631,"identity":"dfba4623-6494-4427-9136-d0d54edf71f6","order_by":2,"name":"Hui Cao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Tsinghua University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hui","middleName":"","lastName":"Cao","suffix":""},{"id":220339632,"identity":"99666202-9b56-4f8d-99c2-c6e9deefb72c","order_by":3,"name":"Yuanzhe Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Tsinghua University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yuanzhe","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":220339633,"identity":"690ffaa5-ced1-4dc9-8cd2-f362fd9f8880","order_by":4,"name":"Zulfiqar Khan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Bournemouth University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zulfiqar","middleName":"","lastName":"Khan","suffix":""},{"id":220339634,"identity":"25f0dcd9-bd65-4370-8f33-02a4080281d6","order_by":5,"name":"Yonggang Meng","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA8klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYPACGwYGZjACgQSitKRJkKzlsASIJE6Lbnvv4dc8v87XybfzHn5d2GbHwM+eY8DwcwduLWZnzqVZ8/bdljA4zJdmPbMtmUGy540BY+8ZPFpu5JgZ8/YAtTDzABltzAwGN3IMmBnb8Gi5/wak5ZyEfDNYSz2DPUEtN3iMH/P8OCDBcBjI4G07zGAgQUjLmRwzxrkNyZIbDvOYMfOcO84jceZZwcFefFqOnzH+8OaPHb98/xnjzzxl1XL87ckbH/zEowUI2KR4IQrYQJHDA2IdwKsBGIEff/yBMD4QUDkKRsEoGAUjFAAAoqpNKyHa6eMAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Tsinghua University","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yonggang","middleName":"","lastName":"Meng","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-07-19 06:29:29","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3183737/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3183737/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-023-01796-3","type":"published","date":"2023-11-03T15:00:46+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":45942909,"identity":"ad44970c-8523-41ba-884f-f3078b6ea2dd","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2023-11-06 15:06:30","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1680505,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Effectofrunninginonslidingfriction.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3183737/v1_covered_b89e2c5a-c709-4dc7-b976-a6b54510d11b.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Effect of running-in conditions on the super low EHD sliding friction of Si 3 N 4 ball and WC plate in glycerol-water solution","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"
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