Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Faba Bean Density in Rotation on Maize Production and Soil Parameters Under No-Till System

Achieving food security and environmental sustainability is a huge global challenge. Thus, the use of conservation Agriculture systems seems necessary. We investigated the effects of nitrogen fertilizer and various densities of faba bean ( vicia faba L.) on forage corn ( Zea mays L.) production in the no-till system with faba bean residues preservation on the soil surface. The effect of faba bean densities on yield and its yield components, as well as soil chemical and physical properties, was studied Simultaneously. The results showed that various densities of faba bean and nitrogen fertilizer increased dry biomass production of forage corn by improving N content in plants, which was achieved by the density of 40 plants per m 2 of faba bean + application of 200 kg N ha −1 of maize. Moreover, N content, crude protein, and fresh biomass production in forage corn were significantly increased by faba bean density and nitrogen fertilizer. Faba bean density also affected on yield and yield component of faba bean, and the highest nitrogen released value of faba bean root residues was obtained from the density of 40 plants per m 2 and application of 200 kg N ha −1 . Therefore, the density of 40 plants per m 2 of faba bean in a rotation system with mays and application of 200 kg N ha −1 be recommended as a fertilizer control method where it reduces the application of N fertilizer and increases the sustainability of production in agricultural systems.