The potential of White Stork Ciconia ciconia nest lining to evaluate the functional diversity of coleopteran fauna – a case study of a novel non-invasive method of bioindicative evaluation across a land-use intensity gradient

The potential of White Stork Ciconia ciconia nest lining to evaluate the functional diversity of coleopteran fauna – a case study of a novel non-invasive method of bioindicative evaluation across a land-use intensity gradient | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The potential of White Stork Ciconia ciconia nest lining to evaluate the functional diversity of coleopteran fauna – a case study of a novel non-invasive method of bioindicative evaluation across a land-use intensity gradient Grzegorz Orłowski, Ignacy Kitowski, Joanna Czarnecka, Grzegorz Grzywaczewski, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6017093/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Collecting arthropod samples is usually very invasive because these organisms die during sampling, and it is hard to obtain a statistically robust sample. The availability of arthropods is critical for the survival of the youngest White Stork Ciconia ciconia nestlings conditioning the productivity of their populations; thus, the species is a strong predator of a variety of epigeic insects. At the time of the dietary shift and progressive drying of climatic conditions due to climate change or/and in dry habitats replacing wetlands, the role of such termophilic taxa as certain Coleoptera is often underestimated. Here, we evaluated the coleopteran component of the diet of the White Stork using the nest lining material, i.e. fragmented remains of regurgitated pellets, and related the community indices of Coleopteran fauna to the landscape structure within a radius of 2.5 km around nests. In eight nests in SE Poland, we found a massive accumulation of beetle remains representing 32 277 individual Coleopteran prey items, from which 17 252 were identified to the family level. Our analysis showed a significant relationship between the landscape structure and beetle communities, as well as the abundance of dominant prey taxa and share of three major functional guilds (herbivores, scavengers, and predators). The three most abundant prey taxa were large bodied epigeic taxa representing three families: carabidae, silphidae, and scarabidae, whose contribution increased with the share of tree cover and decreased with the share of arable land. The contribution of herbivorous and predatory beetles increased with the share of arable land. We have evidenced that the analysis of nest lining material provides a taxonomically informative data on beetle communities and can be a valuable tool in biondicative assessments of Coleopteran biodiversity. Given the widespread nesting of White Stork near landfills (increasing the productivity of their local populations), further studies assessing the role of the Coleopteran component, particularly the contribution of necrophagous or saprophagous beetles, in the diet of early nestlings of this bird species are essential. Wildlife Biology Coleopteran fauna Regurgitated pellets Land-cover variability Beetle diversity in agricultural landscapes Biodiversity assessment Prey-predator interactions Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Introduction The present biodiversity crisis in the Anthropocene due to climate change and habitat loss imposes the need to elaborate non-invasive methods of the assessment of the organismal diversity and composition. Importantly, the vast majority of methods of collecting arthropod samples are very invasive because these organisms die during sampling, and achievement of a sufficient material size for the analysis is laborious and expensive; thus, it is hard to obtain a statistically robust sample size (McCravy 2018 , Knapp et al. 2020 ). The progressive decline of biomass and diversity of arthropods being the staple component of higher trophic predatory organisms leads to impoverishment of ecosystem services linked with disappearance of high biodiversity and abundance of arthropods at the landscape level (Fürst et al. 2023 , Harvey et al. 2023 ). In agroecosystems, arthropods are an important resource for many higher trophic predatory animals, including birds. Recent long-term studies reporting dramatic declines of some arthropod groups all over the world have raised wide concerns about cascading effects on the overall biodiversity. However, the changes in the abundance and diversity of arthropods/invertebrates are complex, heterogeneous, and hardly correlated amongst taxa, and there are winners and losers among different arthropod taxa (Jackson et al. 2022 , van Klink et al. 2022 , Fürst et al. 2023 , Harvey et al. 2023 ). Beetles (order Coleoptera) are the central components of many ecosystems. They are the most affected groups of animals, for which climate change, land-use change, and intensity of management have pervasive effects from individuals to communities. Beetles are the most diverse group in the animal kingdom, accounting for almost 25% of all known life-forms (reviewed in Liu et al. 2014 ). Given the important role of beetles in both biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, a number of well-known beetle families, such as Carabidae, Coccinellidae, and Staphylinidae, have been investigated with respect to their responses to the landscape context and local land management (Liu et al. 2014 ). Importantly, since the temperature is the most important environmental factor affecting invertebrate population dynamics, it is expected that global climate warming and increased dryness could trigger an expansion of the geographic range of thermophilic species (Skendžić et al. 2021 , Harvey et al. 2023 ). Strong effects of the landscape context of both local and landscape scale factors have so far been recorded, and beetle responses have been suggested to vary with functional traits such as body size, feeding habit, or habitat affinity (Liu et al. 2014 ). Predatory ground-dwelling beetles with a large body size, which are associated with permanent non-cropped habitats, have been reported to be more affected by the changing landscape context and pesticide application than herbivorous and omnivorous species. Liu and co-authors (2014) claim that very few studies have so far considered a wider diversity of Coleoptera groups and related their responses to environmental change across multiple scales as affected by functional traits. Importantly, the diversity of land cover types and agricultural management intensity at the landscape scale are critical for maintaining communities, which are functionally diverse, even in landscapes where the in-field management intensity is high (Millán de la Peña 2003, Gámez-Virués et al. 2015 ). The White Stork Ciconia ciconia is an example of high-trophic predatory bird species breeding and foraging in agricultural areas of western Palearctic (Kaatz et al. 2017). Its populations show an apparent geographical diversity and contrasting patterns of abundance changes: a decreasing trend in Eastern Europe (defined as the eastern population), whereas the western and southern populations (hereinafter referred to as the western population) increase rapidly (Thomsen et al. 2017 , Wuczyński et al. 2021 ). Importantly, although the White Stork is classified as an opportunistic single-prey forager and feeds on a variety of invertebrate and vertebrate prey items, its early nestlings (up to ca three weeks of life) must be fed intact unfragmented small prey items, such as earthworms, insects (mostly Orthoptera), or/and other slippery/aquatic prey items, e.g. tadpoles (for a review of the contribution of different prey taxa in the diet of White Stork, see Profus 2006 , Dziewiaty et al. 2017 , Orłowski et al. 2019 ). Consequently, as a whole, previous data revealed that the low productivity of White Stork pairs in simplified rural/agricultural landscapes with predominant arable land use resulted from insufficient gathering of an adequate volume of abundant small-sized prey for early nestlings (Orłowski et al. 2019 ). The availability/distribution of major prey types reported in the White Stork diet show a strong geographical bias; for instance, earthworms (being most abundant in moist regions in northern and eastern Europe) are a very scarce component of soil fauna in the dry arid and semi-arid in the southern part of the species breeding range, i.e. South Europe and North Africa (Rutgeres et al. 2016). Contrarily, the increased size of the western population of the White Stork is related to an abundant and predictable and relatively more stable anthropogenic food source from landfills (Djerdali et al., 2016 , Pineda-Pampliega et al. 2021 ). Landfills have been regarded as a major driver associated with the high breeding success of White Stork populations in North Africa as well as Central and Southern Europe (Djerdali et al., 2016 , Pineda-Pampliega et al. 2021 , López-García and Aguirre 2023 ). In particular, as a whole, the existing dietary data reveal that Coleoptera are the major prey items for the White Stork breeding near landfills; however, the importance of these prey items in early nestlings, i.e. during the ontogenetic diet shift, is poorly known. Therefore, this prey group and its importance to nestlings should be studied more thoroughly. The data for eastern populations published previously suggest that a two-level ontogenetic trophic bottleneck may explain the low productivity of White Stork pairs in simplified landscapes with predominant arable land use: parent birds are unable to satisfy the growing energy demands of nestlings by their inability to gather a sufficient volume of abundant small-sized prey (early nestlings) and deliver energetically more profitable vertebrate prey at the time of the diet switch (Orłowski et al. 2019 ). Highly sclerotized/chitinous undigested food remains of insects are quite well preserved in regurgitated pellets and are potentially good indicators of the actual intake in different bird species (Errington 1930 , Turienzo and Di Iorio 2014 ), including the White Stork (Pinowska et al. 1991 , Profus 2006 , Dziewiaty et al. 2017 ). A regurgitated pellet consists of undigested food material, sequestered in the gizzard, compacted, and expelled through the mouth in the form of a spherical or oval corpse (Errington 1930 , Turienzo and Di Iorio 2014 ). Regurgitated pellets have been found on the ground below the roosts of adult birds and below or inside nests if the young produced them. They can remain undestroyed for weeks (Pinowska et al. 1991 , Profus 2006 , Dziewiaty et al. 2017 , Turienzo and Di Iorio 2014 ). In this study, we assessed the coleopteran component of the diet and its functional diversity using undigested regurgitated insect remains (presumably originating from a long-term/multiyear time span) found in the nests of the White Stork nesting along an agricultural management and land-use intensity gradient. We assessed the effect of the land-cover structure on the coleopteran community composition in the White Stork diet in terms of the taxonomy of individual prey species/taxa and the major functional guilds. Two major questions were explored: (1) What is the structure of coleopteran fauna found in White Stork nests in terms of the species composition and the contribution of the major functional group of beetles? (2) How does the landscape structure, with special attention paid to intensively used land cover types, affect the composition of coleopteran fauna provided to nestlings by White Stork parent individuals? Finally, we discuss the importance of coleopteran prey in the White Stork diet and make recommendations for further dietary studies in populations of this species relaying on food resources derived from anthropogenic environments. We stress that, due to the specificity of the examined material, our study did not provide an actual description of the full spectrum of the diet of the White Stork. Materials and methods Study area and sampling design The research material consists of the contents of eight White Stork nests. All the nests were located on electricity poles, but they were removed for safety reasons. The nests were situated in eight villages of the Lublin region (south-eastern Poland; Fig. 1 ): Adamów (AD; N 50°35'46.04", E 23°09'53.29"), Białopole (BI; N 50°59'10.22", E 23°44'09.07"), Busieniec (BU; N 50°57'16.3", E 23°42'50.1"), Dubienka (DU; N 51°03'13.2", E 23°53'31.2"), Kurmanów (KU; N 50°56'52.52", E 23°44'01.75"), Leszczany (LE; N 51°01'16.25", E 23°36'02.02"), Siedliszcze (SI; N 51°01'09.78", E 23°48'20.76"), and Skryhiczyn (SK; N 50°59'51.73", E 23°55'06.12"). Land cover data and landscape structure To assess the land cover types around the nests, we used CORINE Land Cover (CLC) data from 2012 (mapping scale 1:100000, minimum mapping unit: 25 ha; provided by the Ministry of Environmental Conservation of the Republic of Poland; CLC 2012 , 2012 ). Data sets of class 2 of all land cover types were generated for each of the White Stork nests (11 land cover types in total representing class 2 in the CLC classification; Fig. S1, Table S1). The choice of class 2 in the CLC classification and its use in our main analysis were dictated by the fact that we intended to obtain a direct picture of the cause/effect relationship for individual prey groups and landscape structure. Accordingly, class 2 in the CLC classification, yields the highest resolution of the seven major (level 2) land cover types: forests, inland wetlands, associations of trees and shrubs, meadows, mixed crops, arable lands, and urbanized areas, and eleven detailed categories (level 3): discontinuous urban fabric (code: 112), non-irrigated arable land (code: 211), pastures (code: 231), complex cultivation patterns (code: 242), land principally occupied by agriculture, with significant areas of natural vegetation (code: 243), broad-leaved forest (code: 311), coniferous forest (code: 312), mixed forest (code: 313), transitional woodland-shrub (code: 324), inland marshes (code: 411), and peat bogs (code: 412). Then the CLC data were computed using a geographical information system (QGIS of version 3.34.14 ( https://download.qgis.org )) for a radius of 2.5 km around the nests. Most of the foraging activity of the White Stork takes place near their nests (< 1 km), especially in the vicinity of grasslands or other non-cropped land cover types (Johst et al. 2001 ; Eggers et al. 2015 ). Foraging patches within distances of 2.5 km around the White Stork nests were referred to as nearby ones (Johst et al. 2001 ). Identification and functional clustering of Coleopteran prey items Laboratory work . The material (weighing approx. 10 kg) collected from the interior of each White Stork nest was soaked, carefully fragmented, and thoroughly rinsed. Then, all insect fragments were selected from the tray used for floating the remnants and identified to various taxonomic levels. These specimens were counted in a manner designed to avoid duplication. A single individual was counted if the following parts were found: the head, the pronotum, and a complete set of elytra or fragments thereof, covering more than 50% of the total elytral surface area. In cases of the presence of numerous specimens from the same taxon, the accuracy of identification was further confirmed by analysing additional morphological features: legs, mandibles, body appendages, and even copulatory organs in some instances. The average body length and mass of the vast majority of the taxa were based on measurements of specimens from the collection housed at the Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin as well as data from the literature (collated in Ścibior 2010 , Ścibior, unpubl.). For a few taxa, the work of Bacia ( 1997 ) was referenced, along with a simple approximation, which estimated the mass based on the known length of the taxon. Insects were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic units with the use of available identification keys for various families, primarily published in the Fauna Poloniae series. The taxonomy followed the nomenclature in the catalogue series by Löbl & Smetana ( 2003 –2013). Based on our previous data (Kajtoch et al. 2019 , Orłowski et al. 2014 , 2018 ), we applied the division of prey taxa into four separate functional classifications, taking into account their relationship with the landscape characteristics and agricultural intensity. Specifically, these were as follows: (1) Trophic guilds representing predator, saprovorous, and herbivorous taxa. (2) Association with the habitat type: non-cropped/permanent vegetation, arable fields, water, and ubiquitous. (3) Vertical distribution: ground, water, low vegetation up to 1 m high, high vegetation above 1 m, and all layers. (4) Agricultural importance: pest, including taxa of mixed or unknown importance, neutral, and beneficial (mostly predators and saprovorous taxa/decomposers). Statistical analysis In order to organize the data on the landscape surrounding the nests and to explain the influence of the landscape cover on the prey structure, multivariate statistical analysis (Principal Correspondence Analysis – PCA), ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey test, and correlation and regression analyses were performed using TIBCO Statistica™ 14.0.0 software (TIBCO Software Inc. Data Science Textbook 2020). To measure the diversity of the landscape around nests and beetle species diversity, we used the Shannon-Wiener diversity index H = - Σp i *ln(p i ), where p i is the proportion of the given value (land cover type area or number of prey items). Results Overall, we found 32 277 individual Coleopteran prey items, from which 17 252 were identified to the family level (Table 1 ). Across all the sites analyzed, the most numerous beetles were the representatives of three families: Carabidae, Silphidae, and Scarabidae (Fig. 2 , Fig. S2, Table 1 ). In the group of beetles identified at least to the family level, 10 taxa were aquatic beetles (2 families, 6 taxa identified to species) and 65 were terrestrial beetles (11 families, 53 taxa identified to species, including a few larvae; Fig. 2 ). Table 1 Functional division of coleopteran prey items found in material sampled from eight nests/locations of the White Stork in SE Poland. (1) Trophic guilds: predator (P), saprovorous (S), herbivorous (H); (2) Habitat type: non-cropped/permanent vegetation (N), crop fields (C), water (W ), ubiquitous (U); Vertical distribution: ground, water, and low vegetation, 1 m (V), all layers (A); Agricultural importance: Pest, including taxa of mixed or unknown importance (P), Neutral (N), Beneficial, mostly predator and saprovorous taxa (B). Taxa Functional division Vertical distribution Agricultural importance Body length (mm) Body mass (g) Nest location Forest Arable lands Arable lands with mixed crops Mixed crops Trophic guild Habitat type AD LE BI BU SI KU DU SK Coleoptera n. det. - - - - - 0,26 2166 2880 771 395 1149 2680 1957 3027 Dytiscidae n. det. P W G N > 10 0,6 - - - - - - 4 - Acilius canaliculatus (Nicolai, 1822) P W G N 14,75 0,22 - - - - - - 1 - Acilius sulcatus (Linnaeus, 1758) P W G N 16,85 0,28 7 4 2 - 2 13 7 28 Agabus sp. P W G N > 10 0,17 - - - - - - 6 5 Dytiscus marginalis Linnaeus, 1758 P W G N 31 0,96 3 4 15 - 8 26 10 13 Hydaticus sp. P W G N > 10 0,17 - - - - - 1 - - Hydaticus continentalis Balfour-Browne, 1944 P W G N 13 0,17 1 1 2 - 2 7 17 14 Ilybius sp. P W G N > 10 0,17 - 1 - - - - - 1 Hydrous piceus (Linnaeus, 1758) S W G N 42 2,1 1 3 2 1 2 6 4 5 Hydrochara caraboides (Linnaeus, 1758) S W G N 15 0,2 27 29 87 2 33 73 161 277 Carabidae n. det. (excl. Carabus ) P U A B > 10 0,17 888 1755 456 296 478 1199 982 1123 Calosoma inquisitor (Linnaeus, 1758) P N V B 17 0,22 - 2 - - 1 - - - Carabus sp. P U G B > 10 0,66 107 27 26 34 25 53 56 70 Carabus auronitens Fabricius, 1792 P N G B 23 0,52 - - - - - - - 1 Carabus cancellatus Illiger, 1798 P U G B 24,5 0,577 10 14 6 2 4 19 7 11 Carabus clatratus Linnaeus, 1761 P N G B 25 0,61 - - - - - 14 32 11 Carabus coriaceus Linnaeus, 1758 P N G B 34 1,2 1 1 1 1 2 3 - 3 Carabus glabratus Paykull, 1790 P N G B 25,5 0,65 2 10 - - - 3 - - Carabus granulatus Linnaeus, 1758 P U G B 19,5 0,37 72 54 63 20 37 115 52 53 Carabus hortensis Linnaeus, 1758 P N G B 26,5 0,68 - 2 - - 3 - - - Carabus nemoralis Müller, 1764 P N G B 24 0,587 2 14 8 4 10 11 5 28 Carabus violaceus Linnaeus, 1758 P N G B 27,5 0,75 1 - - - 1 - 2 2 Hister unicolor Linnaeus, 1758 P N G B 6,5 0,045 - 1 - - - 1 - - Nicrophorus vespillo (Linnaeus, 1758) S N G B 17 0,2 - - - - 4 3 - 2 Nicrophorus vespilloides Herbst, 1783 S N G B 14 0,2 - 5 2 - - 6 5 - Silpha sp. S N G B > 10 0,178 1796 149 24 60 82 79 74 268 Silpha atrata Linnaeus, 1758 S N G B 13 0,17 - - - - 1 9 - 4 Silpha carinatha Herbst, 1783 S N G B 18 0,256 9 7 3 1 - 1 3 7 Silpha obscura Linnaeus, 1758 S N G B 15,5 0,2 964 141 18 17 27 81 20 91 Silpha tristis Illiger, 1798 S N G B 14 0,094 39 35 7 31 41 68 19 62 Silpha quadripunctata Linnaeus, 1758 S N G B 13 0,17 - - - - 1 - 1 2 Staphylinidae n. det. P N G B 10 0,17 17 52 18 3 19 54 12 8 Geotrupes stercorarius (Linnaeus, 1758) S N G B 20,5 0,7 18 7 1 - 3 4 3 4 Trypocopris vernalis (Linnaeus, 1758) S N G B 16 0,2 2 2 1 - - 1 1 2 Amphimallon solstitiale (Linnaeus, 1758) H U V P 16 0,2 - 84 51 - 66 37 30 6 Aphodius fimetarius (Linnaeus, 1758) S N G D 6,5 0,045 - 7 18 23 42 7 5 480 Cetonia aurata (Linnaeus, 1761) H N V N 17 0,22 2 2 - 1 1 1 1 4 Copris lunaris (Linnaeus, 1758) S N G D 14,5 0,21 - - - - - - 1 - Melolontha melolontha (adult) (Linnaeus, 1758) H U V P 25,5 0,55 65 269 7 57 77 176 41 70 Melolontha melolontha (larva) (Linnaeus, 1758) H U G P > 10 0,17 - - - - - - - 5 Phyllopertha horticola (Linnaeus, 1758) H U V P 9,75 0,078 3 195 395 - 56 205 176 351 Trichius fasciatus (Linnaeus, 1758) H N V N 11,5 0,135 - - - - - - 1 - Elateridae n. det. (adult) H U V P > 10 0,12 - - - - - 1 - - Elateridae n. det. (larva) H U A P > 10 0,17 - - - 1 - - - - Actenicerus sjaelandicus (Müller, 1764) H N V N 14 0,2 - - 1 - 2 3 - 3 Agriotes obscurus (Linnaeus, 1758) H U V P 8,75 0,075 - - 3 - - - - 1 Agriotes sputator (Linnaeus, 1758) H U V P 7,25 0,055 - - - - - 1 - - Agrypnus murinus (Linnaeus, 1758) H U V P 13,5 0,142 12 24 7 1 10 11 3 13 Athous sp. H U V P > 10 0,075 - - - 2 4 1 - 12 Athous subfuscus (Müller, 1764) H U V P 9,25 0,075 - - - - - - 1 - Dalopius marginatus (Linnaeus, 1758) H U V P 6,75 0,047 - - - - 1 - - - Selatosomus sp. H U A P > 10 0,2 6 7 2 3 3 - 2 2 Selatosomus aeneus (Linnaeus, 1758) H U A P 14 0,2 - 1 - - - - 2 8 Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus, 1758 P N V D 6,5 0,1 - 1 - - 3 - - 1 Lamia textor (Linnaeus, 1758) H N V P 23,5 0,54 - - - - 5 - 2 2 Chrysolina fastuosa (Scopoli, 1763) H N V N 5,75 0,04 - - - - - - 1 Chrysolina herbacea (Duftschmid, 1825) H N V N 9 0,075 - - - - - - - 1 Chrysolina polita (Linnaeus, 1758) H N V N 7,25 0,055 - 3 1 1 - 4 3 7 Chrysolina sanguinolenta (Linnaeus, 1758) H N G N 7,5 0,06 - - - - - - - 1 Chrysolina staphylaea (Linnaeus, 1758) H N G N 7,75 0,065 1 - - - - 7 1 2 Chrysolina sturmi (Westhoff, 1882) H N G N 7,75 0,065 - 1 - - - 1 - 1 Chrysolina varians (Schaller, 1783) H N V N 5,25 0,039 - - - - - - - 1 Gastrophysa viridula (De Geer, 1775) H U V P 5 0,038 - - - - - - 2 Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824) H C V P 8,5 0,15 4 - 4 - 2 6 4 3 Plagiosterna aenea (Linnaeus, 1758) H N V P 6,9 0,05 - - - - - 1 - Curculionidae n. det. H U A P < 1 0,062 - - 2 - 5 2 - 27 Hylobius abietis (Linnaeus, 1758) H U T P 10,4 0,085 - - - - - - - 3 Hypera zoilus (Scopoli, 1763) H U V P 7 0,05 - - - - - - 3 2 Otiorhynchus sp. H U G P < 10 0,056 - 1 - - 1 - - Otiorhynchus ligustici (Linnaeus, 1758) H U G P 10,25 0,08 4 2 4 8 6 3 3 22 Otiorhynchus niger (Fabricius, 1775) H U G P 8,5 0,07 - 1 - - - - - Otiorhynchus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758) H U G P 4,25 0,036 4 3 4 - 1 5 19 99 Otiorhynchus raucus (Fabricius, 1776) H U G P 5,85 0,04 1 - 6 - - 5 4 6 Tanymecus palliatus (Fabricius, 1787) H U G P 8,75 0,075 6 - - - - - 2 5 TOTAL: (32277) - - - - - 6245 5802 2020 965 2228 5007 3750 6260 The vast majority of the prey items were large beetles with a body length of > 10 mm; the largest prey was Hydrophilus piceus , exceeding 40 mm in length (Table 1 ). Small prey items (up to 10 mm) constituted only 0.6–30.6% of all the identified beetles, and no distinct pattern in the association of the landscape around the nest type was observed (Table 2 ). Despite the different structure of Coleopteran fauna in the different nests, the average weighed mass of one prey did not differ significantly between the nests, due to the dominance of large bodied prey items. Table 2 Diversity and size of Coleopteran prey items found in nests located in different habitat types; large prey species – species with body length > 10 mm. Only taxa identified to at least the family level were included in the analysis. Forest domination Arable lands domination Arable lands with mixed crops Mixed crops AD LE BI BU SI KU DU SK Shannon-Wiener index (habitat diversity) 1.06 0.99 1.30 1.40 1.37 1.46 1.48 1.53 Shannon-Wiener index (taxonomical diversity) 1.53 1.66 1.94 1.78 2.28 2.03 1.91 2.33 Average weighted prey mass (mg) 0.208 0.219 0.182 0.245 0.226 0.236 0.214 0.175 NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS Large prey 4056 2709 814 545 960 2083 1570 2245 Small prey 23 213 435 25 119 244 223 988 SHARE OF INDIVIDUALS (%) Large prey 99.4 92.7 65.2 95.6 89.0 89.5 87.6 69.4 Small prey 0.6 7.3 34.8 4.4 11.0 10.5 12.4 30.6 NUMBER OF TAXA Large prey 25 31 25 20 31 33 34 38 Small prey 7 9 9 3 9 11 13 16 SHARE IN TAXA POOL (%) Large prey 78.1 77.5 73.5 87.0 77.5 75.0 72.3 70.4 Small prey 21.9 22.5 26.5 13.0 22.5 25.0 27.7 29.6 Landscape characteristics around nests The analysis of the land cover structure around the nests allowed four distinct habitat types to be distinguished, differing in the intensity of human management (Fig. 3 , Table S1, S2). One nest (AD) was located in a landscape with a prevailing share of forests accompanied by smaller associations of trees and shrubs with the absence of meadows, all the other nests were surrounded by crops and meadows used with varying intensity (Table S2: Component 1 dividing all the nests into these two groups). Component 2 (Table S2) allowed identification of three groups of habitats with a different share of specific crop types, which can be identified as the level of diversity in the farming system: with the dominance of arable lands (LE), dominated by arable lands but with the presence of mixed crops (BU, SI, and BI), and nests distinguished by a higher share of mixed crops than in the others (SK, DU, and KU). The lowest landscape diversity was found in areas dominated by one cover type (forests or arable land). The presence and increasing share of mixed crops significantly increased the value of biodiversity measured by the Shannon-Wiener index (Table 2 ). ANOVA indicated significant differences among the Shannon-Wiener index values calculated on the basis of the share of the land cover types around the nests for three groups of landscapes types (Fig. S3). Effect of landscape variability on coleopteran functional diversity in the White Stork diet The taxonomical diversity and composition of the major functional guilds of Coleopteran fauna found in the nests measured by the Shannon-Wiener index was correlated with the landscape diversity of the nests surroundings (Fig. 4 – 5 , Table 2 , Table S3). Thus, the landscape composition appeared to be a good predictor of Coleopteran taxa diversity found in the nests. The lowest landscape diversity (dominance of one land-cover type, forests or arable lands) resulted in low diversity of Coleopteran prey items, and the linear correlation was strong and statistically significant (Fig. 5 ). The analysis of the structure of the identified coleopteran prey items ( n = 17 252) showed a significant relationship between the landscape structure and the beetle communities present in the nests: the abundance of the major prey taxa and the share of the three major functional guilds (herbivores, scavengers, and predators). The contribution of the three major functional trophic groups of beetles varied between the eight sampling sites (nests) (Table S4, Fig. S4). Across all the sites, the most abundant functional group of beetles were predators (average; 95% CI) 54.4% (42.5%, 66.3%), followed by scavengers, 26.3% (10.0-42.5%) and herbivores, 19.3% (95% CI, 10.8–27.8%; Table S4-S5, Fig. S4-S5). However, the percentage composition of the individual functional groups of beetles (in terms of minimal and maximal values) strongly varied between the sites, as revealed for herbivores (15-fold), followed by scavengers (5-fold) and predators (2-fold). The contribution of scavengers was clearly linked with the high share of forests around the nest and decreased with the increasing share of arable lands and mixed crops (Fig. S5A-B: Comp. 2, Table S5). The high contribution of herbivorous and predatory beetles was connected with the presence of crops, especially with the dominance of arable lands in the landscape (Fig. 5 : Comp. 1, Table S5). Also the contribution of the other functional groups (associated with the habitat type and agriculture importance) was strongly connected with the landscape structure around the nest; hence, it is a good predictor of the characteristics of the White Stork foraging area (Fig. S5C-F, Table S5). Discussion Our results show that the debris from the White Stork nests contained exceptionally abundant beetle remains and indicate a strong correlation between the beetle community composition and the functional diversity of these insects and local environmental conditions. In particular, compared to results of previous studies on beetle sampling in epigeic environments (including those derived from standardly applied pitfall trapping; c.f. Millán de la Peña et al. 2003, Liu et al. 2014 , Jahnová et al. 2016 ), our analysis showed a massive accumulation of beetle remains in the nest material that have the potential application as a novel efficient and non-invasive method of assessment of Coleopteran diversity in agricultural landscapes. We give evidence that the analysis of nest lining material provides taxonomically informative data on beetle assemblages and can be a valuable tool in biondicative evaluation of Coleopteran fauna variability. Moreover, it is worth to indicate that, similarly to pitfall (passive) beetle trapping, which selectively captures only some taxa of beetles (see Knapp et al. 2020 for discussion on efficiency of capturing beetles), the White Stork presumably actively preyed on larger beetles. It should be stressed that the presence of beetle remains in White Stork nests is presumably an effect of the long-term (multiyear) accumulation of these prey items, and represents the food items delivered by parent birds to their nestlings during several breeding seasons. Further, the repeated nesting by birds in the same location, associated with their pronounced species-specific nest fidelity, allows the White Stork to become familiar with the habitat and potential food resources in their immediate surroundings. As a result, these birds can optimally utilize unpredictable food resources, such as those from ephemeral habitats, like mown grassland or ploughed fields, where the availability and biomass of different prey items is relatively higher compared to habitats with tall vegetation (Johst et al. 2001 ; Goławski and Kasprzykowski 2021 ). Among aquatic insects (Fig. 2 B), only two taxa from the family Hydrophilidae were found in the nests at all the sites, with the quantitative share of Hydrochara caraboides being significantly higher (D% = 0.35–8.98) than that of Hydrophilus piceus (D% = 0.02–0.26). The presence of this family was lowest at site BU, where only three individuals were collected. The share of the most numerous representatives of the family Dytiscidae at the sites was considerably lower, with the most abundant Dytiscus marginalis (D% = 0-1.2), Hydaticus continentalis (D% = 0-0.95), and Acilius sulcatus (D% = 0-0.87). Beetles from this family were absent at one site (BU), which may indicate a different character of the few water bodies explored by the stork at this location. Hydrophilidae are slower swimming beetles that prefer shallow, rapidly warming water bodies with rich vegetation, whereas Dytiscidae can be found at greater depths in the water column. The high contribution of aquatic beetles (including the taxa recorded in our study) to the diet of the White Stork, particularly during the early part of the breeding season, was previously reported by other researchers (reviewed in Profus 2006 ). At all the studied sites, the constant and most numerous prey consisted of small-bodied representatives of the family Carabidae (though above 1 cm), which are typical elements of anthropogenic habitats covered by low vegetation. Their proportion typically ranged between 52% and 60%. However, at only one site (AD), it reached just 22%, due to the fact that the White Stork had a permanent access to supplemental feeding in the form of slaughter waste or carcasses, as the share of necrophagous beetles was exceptionally high, reaching a total of 69% ( Silpha spp.) of all individuals in this nest (Table 1 ). This indicates that the White Stork frequently visited this location, possibly reducing their foraging efforts in other microhabitats around the nest. Prior studies indicate that supplemental feeding, particularly from predictable food resources from landfills, improves reproductive parameters in these birds (Hilgartner et al. 2014 ; Bialas et al. 2021 ); however, it is not clear which kind of food is responsible for this phenomenon. Our research showed that, in many of the studied sites, necrophagous taxa ( Silpha sp., Nicrophorus sp., Hister unicolor ) were a significant component of the White Stork's food. Other authors have also reported these taxa in the White Stork diet in various parts of Europe (Ferreira et al. 2019 ), where they were also found in low numbers (0.3-1% Histeridae) or constituted about 0.9–6.6% during the spring-summer period. In studies conducted in Slovenia, Vrezec ( 2009 ) demonstrated the presence of representatives from the family Silphidae in the diet (24.3% of the total number of prey), with Nicrophorus sp. accounting for 0.7%. In our study, Silphidae represented 4.3–68.8% of the total number of identified Coleopteran prey items (mean: 19%), with Nicrophorus sp. making up 0.18%. We are aware that our comparison may not be fully representative, as the sample of insects that were prey for the White Stork in the cited work (Vrezec 2009 ; n = 126) was nearly 130 times smaller than in our study ( n = 17.252). This may suggest that the White Stork analyzed in the present study actively sought small portions of carrion, as they could also guarantee the capture of numerous larger necrophagous insect species. Notably, previous studies (Kahl 1972 , Profus 2006 , Dziewiaty et al. 2017 ) indicate that the White Stork exhibits a lack of dietary specialization due to the fact that their original habitat was vast savannas, where individuals could exploit unpredictable food resources that fluctuated in abundance both within a single year and over many years. This resulted in the birds not specializing in acquiring one type of food, but rather exploiting any prey that appeared in greater quantities (necrophagous insects). There is no strong evidence for the widespread exploitation of carrion by the White Stork, as is the case with other stork species, such as African marabous (Kahl 1972 ). Our research showed a small proportion of prey consisting of coprophagous beetles. However, they represented a consistent share at the study sites (an average of 3.7%). Notably, at one site (SK), the White Stork clearly preferred to collect prey items from fresh cattle droppings, as Aphodius fimetarius constituted nearly 15% of the all prey items. Other species from this trophic guild ( Copris lunaris , Trypocopris vernalis , Geotrupes stercorarius , Hister unicolor ) were represented in small numbers (Table 1 ), indicating that the White Stork in our study area also explores patches of extensive cattle grazing (such as fragments of dry meadows). This corresponds with the findings reported by Zbyryt et al. (2014), where the authors demonstrate that the White Stork using fields with grazing cows has a greater feeding efficiency. Similarly, Trypocopris vernalis is a taxon found on dung in both open and forested biotopes, which may suggest that the birds in our study could also be probing the edges of forests and forest roads. This aligns with the results shown by Tryjanowski et al. (2018), where the authors indicate the potential for forest habitat penetration by the White Stork nesting near forests. Why Coleopteran is the dietary component important for White Stork nesting? In the case of our results, based on the analysis of fragmented pellets, it is not possible to accurately characterize the contribution of all types of prey, particularly those with soft bodies that lack strongly sclerotized, chitinous body parts. More importantly, a recent dietary study of the White Stork in Poland evidenced that the most profitable invertebrate prey items (in terms of the energy content) were Orthoptera and earthworms (Orłowski et al. 2019 ). Orthopteran prey items were dominant in pellets of White Stork pairs with a high breeding success, and Coleoptera (especially necrophagous beetles from the Silphidae family) dominated in low-success nests (Vrezec 2009 , Orłowski et al. 2019 ). Owing to the nestlings' gape-size constraint (precluding consumption of vertebrate prey items of the size of Common Voles by early young), stork nestlings most likely receive a staple diet enabling survival during the first 20 days of life. Thus, a two-level ontogenetic trophic bottleneck has been suggested to explain the low productivity of White Stork pairs in simplified landscapes with predominant arable land use (Orłowski et al. 2019 ). As a result, parent birds are unable to satisfy the growing energy demands of nestlings by gathering a sufficient volume of abundant small-sized prey (early nestlings) and by delivering energetically more profitable vertebrate prey at the time of the diet switch when the nestlings grow (Orłowski et al. 2019 ). On the other hand, we stress that Coleopteran prey items are presumably the major food types delivered to early White Stork nestlings near landfill sites (Rabaça et al. 2021 ); however, the detailed contribution of this prey type during prenatal development is still unknown. It is surprising that we did not find any representatives of Orthoptera in our material. This aligns with the findings shown by Antczak et al. ( 2002 ), who also reported a very low contribution – 1.44% (72/4997) of Orthopteran prey items in the diet of immature and non-breeding White Storks in western Poland (Pinowska et al. 1991 ). Moreover, it is possible that many representatives of this order, despite being potential prey types for the White Stork, are too fast for the birds to catch. A similar situation may apply to other taxa commonly found on sandy roads among meadows, pastures, or fields, such as the genus Cicindela (also absent in our study material), which are characterized by very quick take-offs and are particularly sensitive to any unexpected movement in their environment (Rawicz 2018, Ścibior unpubl. data). In this microhabitat, White Storks are likely to catch less mobile or poorly flying representatives of the family Carabidae (including the genus Carabus ). Overall, all insects captured by the White Stork, as indicated by our findings in the pellets, are not capable of a rapid take-off and are also less sensitive to movement. Orthoptera, on the other hand, primarily consists of species from open, sunny, usually thermophilic habitats, which are much more numerous in southern Europe and northern Africa, thus making up a larger proportion of stork prey in those regions (see Szijj and Szijj 1955 ; Melendro et al. 1977 ; Boukhamza et al. 1995; Barbraud and Barbraud 1998). It is also possible that the absence of Orthoptera results from the specifics of our research material, namely the fragmented pellets forming a disintegrated material at the bottom of the nest, rather than whole compact pellets that generally serve as analytical material for describing the diet composition in other studies. Furthermore, it should be assumed that our material from the nests, which predominantly consisted of Coleoptera, originated from multiple breeding seasons. In this context, one can assume that the degree of preservation of the remains from different taxonomic groups of insects at the bottom of the nests will vary, and it is not excluded that undigested remains of Orthoptera may undergo faster decomposition due to the presence of birds in the nest, unlike the less abrasion and fragmentation susceptible elytra of Coleoptera. The presence of fragmented pellets at the bottom of stork nests should also be considered in the context of an additional layer of nest lining (inner nest lining) (sensu Deeming 2023 ), which seems to be a new aspect in the reproductive biology of birds that build open nests, as the long-term (multiyear) accumulation of regurgitated food left at the bottom of nests can play an additional thermoregulatory role. In many of the studied sites, there was also a high proportion of large phytophagous insects (feeding mainly on the leaves of herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees as well as nectar) from the family Scarabaeidae: Melolontha melolontha , Amphimallon sostitiale , Phyllopertha horticola , Cetonia aurata , and Trichius fasciatus . These taxa are often observed on fruit trees from the family Rosaceae, which are planted by humans in scattered arrangements around homes or farm buildings, typical of the agricultural/rural landscape in SW Poland. This suggests that the vicinity of homes and grassy areas around built-up areas (with gardens) serve as an alternative to open and often sown meadows, and are also readily utilized by storks, as confirmed by studies on seed banks collected from stork nests (Czarnecka and Kitowski 2013 ). Notably, in foraging patches, the White Stork does not always exhibit the typical opportunism of a predator regarding insect prey, as it also does not evade insects whose sizes (3–4 mm) certainly do not provide significant energy gains, such as Coccinella septempunctata , which was found at three out of the eight sites, or the similarly small member of the chrysomelid family Psylliodes chrysocephala , mentioned among the prey type in the publication by Orłowski et al. 2018 . The White Stork likely collects ladybugs from plants, attracted by their characteristic coloration while searching for other prey, which appears to be a new aspect of the foraging ecology of the White Stork as well as other birds with a diet based on arthropods. Ladybugs (Coccinellidae) are generally treated as aposematic prey and are avoided by most insectivorous birds (Orłowski and Karg 2013 ). The White Stork certainly also visits potato fields in search of the Colorado beetle ( Leptinotarsa decemlineata ), which was found in the regurgitated pellets at six sites. This is in agreement with previous observations on the use/elimination of Colorado beetles from potato crops by predatory vertebrates, including birds and amphibians, e.g. the Common Toad Bufo bufo (Karg and Trojan 1968 ). Our study also suggests that the White Stork can be a predator for large bodied and endangered carabid beetles in agricultural landscapes. It has been shown that the increase in the area of mixed crops, as opposed to arable land and meadows, influences the species composition of prey measured by the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (Fig. 5 ). This relationship for mixed crops is related to the richness of microhabitats that serve as attractive foraging sites for various insect taxa, stemming from the small size, dispersion, and fragmentation of plots. On the other hand, this contradicts the assumptions attributing key importance to meadows in the nesting locations of White Stork (Nowakowski 2003 ). Notably, the analyses showed that the increase in the area of arable land at the studied sites did not induce an increase in the diversity of coleopterans measured by the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. However, this relationship was found to be statistically insignificant (r = 0.402, n = 8, n.s.). A similar relationship was observed for meadows (r = 0.429, n = 8, n.s.). In contrast, the increase in the area of mixed crops in the foraging range positively influenced the species diversity of coleopteran fauna (r = 0.724, n = 8, p < 0.02). However, due to the small number of nests, these results should be interpreted with caution. We highlight that, in the context of the ontogenetic diet shift, Coleopteran prey items are an important food type for early nestlings, mostly due to the gape-size constrains of these nestlings. During the first days after hatching, White Stork nestlings are fed mainly small (and, when available, slippery) prey items, like earthworms, tadpoles, insects, and their larvae; larger items are fed from the third week onwards. At age ca 5 weeks, mammals and other vertebrate prey are delivered (Tortosa and Redondo, 1992 ; Lakenberg, 1995 , Schulz, 1998 , reviewed in Orłowski et al. 2019 ). Therefore, it should be assumed that beetles can be the primary food types of early nestlings of the White Stork breeding near landfills, in particular in the southern part of White Stork’s breeding range with dry climate where other major invertebrate prey types, such an earthworms or aquatic invertebrates, are scarce (Rutgers et al. 2016 ). Ultimately, we stress that although foraging in landfills has provoked an important shift in the White Stork’s diet, partially replacing natural food items with different waste material of anthropogenic origin (Rabaça et al. 2021 ), parent White Storks must provide their early nestlings with natural small-bodied invertebrate prey items, because early young birds (due to the gape-size constrains) are not able to ingest large fragments of garbage (e.g. chickens, carrion etc.). Conclusions Four major conclusions with clear research implications emerge from our study: (1) Fragmented material of pellets from White Stork nests is a valuable way to assess the coleopteran diversity around the nests or within the breeding territories of the White Stork. Therefore, due to the non-invasive nature of this method, which does not kill insects, we strongly recommend it for assessing beetle diversity in agricultural landscapes. The analytical material used in such studies should be collected after young birds leave the nests or especially when the nests fall to the ground. (2) Due to the selective and predominant preservation of the remains of one group of prey taxa (Coleoptera) in the fragmented material of regurgitated pellets, the determination of the composition of the White Stork’s diet is impossible and should not be recommended to assess the full spectrum of the diet composition of this omnivorous bird species. (3) White Storks play a role of ecosystem services as pest species in agroecosystems. (4) Given the critical importance of small bodied prey as staple food items for early White Stork’s nestlings, further studies on the diet of the White Stork breeding near landfills (in both Europe and Northern Africa) are essential to assess the contribution of different taxa of Coleoptera. Declarations Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Dr. Szymon Cios for providing raw material from one nest (site Adamów – AD). CRediT authorship contribution statement Grzegorz Orłowski: Writing – original draft, Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis; Ignacy Kitowski: Supervision, Methodology. Data curation. Project administration; Grzegorz Grzywaczewski: Methodology, Investigation, Visualization; Joanna Czarnecka: Writing, – Review and Editing; Methodology, Data analysis; Visualization; Radosław Ścibior: Writing – original draft, Data curation, Methodology, Investigation, Visualization. Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. References Antczak M., Konwerski S., Grobelny S., Tryjanowski, P. 2002. The food composition of immature and non-breeding White Storks in Poland. 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What do owls eat? Methods of determining insects in owls' food. [In:] Myka-Raduj A., Różycki A., Chudaś A. [Eds] Birds around us – a unique world of birds of Polesie Region. Nature monograph. Chełm City Hall, Polesie National Park, Chełm-Ursulin, 137-143. Skendžić S., Zovko M., Pajač I., Živković I., Lešić V., Lemić D. 2021. The impact of climate change on agricultural insect pests. Insects 2021, 12(5), 440. Surdo, S., Zapparrata, C., Ientile, R., Massa, B. 2022. Evidence suggests an opportunistic entomophagous diet of the White Stork Ciconia ciconia in Sicily during breeding and post-breeding periods. Avocetta 46:49-56. Szijj J., Szijj L. 1955. Contributions to the food-biology of the White Stork ( Ciconia ciconia L.). Aquila 59-62:83-94. Thomsen K.M., Kaatz C., Kaatz M., Ludwig B. 2017. Verbreitung und Bestand. In: Kaatz C., Wallschläger D., Dziewiaty K., Eggers U. (eds). Der Weißstorch Ciconia ciconia . NBB 682. VerlagsKG Wolf, Magdeburg, pp. 148-205. TIBCO Software Inc. (2020). Data Science Textbook. https://docs.tibco.com/data-science/textbook. Tortosa F.S., Redondo T. 1992. Motives for parental infanticide in White Storks Ciconia ciconia . Ornic Scand. 23:185-189. Turienzo P.N., Di Iorio O.R. 2014. Pellets recovered from stick nests and new diet items of Furnariidae (Aves: Passeriformes). Biologia 69:1231-1246. van Klink R., August T., Bas Y., Bodesheim P., Bonn A., Fossøy F., Høye T.T.,, Jongejans E., H M Menz M., Miraldo A.et al. 2022. Emerging technologies revolutionise insect ecology and monitoring. Trends Ecol. Evol. 37:872-885. (doi:10.1016/j.tree.2022.06.001) Vrezec A. 2009. Insects in the White Stork Ciconia ciconia diet as indicators of its feeding conditions: the first diet study in Slovenia. Acrocephalus 30:25-29. Wuczyński A., Krogulec G., Jakubiec Z., Profus P., Neubauer G. 2021. Population size and spatial distribution of the white stork Ciconia ciconia in Poland in 1958 with insights into long-term trends in regional and global population. Eur. Zool. J. 88: 525-539. Zbyryt A., Sparks T.H., Tryjanowski P. 2020. Foraging efficiency of white stork Ciconia ciconia significantly increases in pastures containing cows. Acta Oecol. 104, 103544. Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Supplementary Files Supplementarymaterial.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6017093","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":414906107,"identity":"3ed8340f-dc30-435f-afde-5e77a4079645","order_by":0,"name":"Grzegorz Orłowski","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA3ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFAC5gYGhgpUIcYD+LUwArWcAeuF8HmAmLAWxjZStPBLH2x8+HXeHTn+/vMHPzBU3JGzZ+A9gFeLZF9is7HstmfGEgcOM0swnHlmzMPAl4BXi8EZxjZpyW2HEzcwNjNIMLYdTuxh4DEgQsscoBZmZuYfQC31RGmR/NgA1MLGzAayJYGHkBbJHsZmY4ZjQL+cYTazSDhz2LDnMAG/8PMwH3z4owYUYgcf3/hQcVievb334AN8WkCAmQcWEQlQLkHA+AM17ojQMgpGwSgYBSMKAABPUUomBDPL2QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Grzegorz","middleName":"","lastName":"Orłowski","suffix":""},{"id":414906627,"identity":"b1c20998-e7cb-4aca-b436-71c531cb24a0","order_by":1,"name":"Ignacy Kitowski","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University College of Applied Sciences in Chełm, Pocztowa 54, 22-100 Chełm, Poland","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ignacy","middleName":"","lastName":"Kitowski","suffix":""},{"id":414906628,"identity":"99dd8261-3a31-4cab-8a98-e6afdd11ca82","order_by":2,"name":"Joanna Czarnecka","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Department of Botany, Mycology and Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Joanna","middleName":"","lastName":"Czarnecka","suffix":""},{"id":414906629,"identity":"1f8bbadc-705c-45e0-bf1f-f875274731e4","order_by":3,"name":"Grzegorz Grzywaczewski","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Grzegorz","middleName":"","lastName":"Grzywaczewski","suffix":""},{"id":414906899,"identity":"2c8570dc-5aee-47ee-895d-75aab8464bd5","order_by":4,"name":"Radosław Ścibior","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Radosław","middleName":"","lastName":"Ścibior","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-02-12 17:13:01","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":true,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":true},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6017093/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6017093/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":76284630,"identity":"e2a76f87-6d4b-48be-a423-cf79db1392f6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-14 10:58:27","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":111883,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDistribution of the studied White Stork nests in SW Poland (see Table S1 and Fig. S1 for more details). The font colour indicates different land cover structures within a 2.5-km radius around the nests. Legend: (1) - rivers; (2) – border of Poland and Ukraine; (3) – main roads; (4-6) triangles indicate the location of the studied nests, and the colour indicates the land cover structure around the nest: (4) dark grey – mixed crops; (5) pale grey – arable lands with significant admixture of mixed crops; (6) white – dominance of one land cover type.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6017093/v1/30809c29f92cb26fd551d7fd.png"},{"id":76284631,"identity":"9b5fa159-28f0-486f-8011-8483d5c003ca","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-14 10:58:27","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":634534,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eWhite stork and its prey item structure. A – The White Stork (ingesting Melolontha sp.) is a typical single prey explorer, and each coleopteran prey item is swallowed during a separate predation event. B – The share (%) prey items of beetle families identified in the nest material of the White Stork (B) divided into families living in water (blue) and on land (lime). Simultaneously, the taxa in the graphic represent the most numerous species in the family found in the nests (for detailed data see Table 1). The photographs of the beetles are reprinted from ICONOGRAPHIA COLEOPTERORUM POLONIAE under a CC BY license, with permission (© Copyright by Prof. Lech Borowiec. Wrocław 2007-2024. Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy. University of Wrocław. Poland). Photo credit: Michał Franczyk (taken from Birdwatching.pl)\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6017093/v1/c5f21807ccc6cd7857eb7c82.png"},{"id":76285955,"identity":"2276a2c2-5cf9-4e0e-804d-311db25c1247","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-14 11:14:27","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":91074,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePCA analysis diagram based on the share of the main groups of land cover types around White Stork nest (n = 8) in NE Poland. A – variables (land use types); B – cases (nests), nest location given in parentheses. The darker the colour of the point, the higher value of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (white – one land cover type dominance, pale grey – arable lands with significant admixture of mixed crops, dark grey – mixed crops); nest location given in parentheses. Component 1 – less intensively used habitat types (forests and tree and shrub associations vs. meadows); Component 2 – gradient of more intensively used habitat types (absolute dominance of arable fields vs. higher share of mixed crops). Other information about PCA analysis in Table S2. The percentage share of taxa with a large body size (\u0026gt; 1 cm) in the total pool of taxa was positively correlated with Component 2 (rs = 0.71; p \u0026lt; 0.05).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6017093/v1/ced947ee95fda106a6571838.png"},{"id":76285242,"identity":"5031ed79-b78f-4cf1-b6f4-a155f0836859","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-14 11:06:27","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":96905,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePCA analysis diagram based on the number of prey individuals representing dominating taxa (share higher than 5% in at least one nest); the proportion of dominant taxonomic groups in the nests taken for analysis ranged from 88% to 97%. A – variables (dominant taxa); B – cases (nests); the colours correspond with the colours in Fig. 3; nest location given in parentheses. The detailed results of the PCA analysis are presented in supplementary material (Table S3).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6017093/v1/aa27bc56c88dc1055fa2ad25.png"},{"id":76285239,"identity":"339655c2-3e51-4351-8d83-acd61c6fb0c9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-14 11:06:27","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":86909,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eRegression model for elucidation of the role of landscape diversity in the prey structure diversity (both measured by the Shannon-Wiener index). The linear model is significant; F(1,6) = 7.92, p \u0026lt; 0.05, standard estimation error = 0.198). The colour of dots corresponds with the colour in Fig. 3; nest location given in parentheses. The dotted lines indicate a 95% confidential level.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6017093/v1/f469639f5665032892b74e5c.png"},{"id":76286228,"identity":"ce03a15e-cb9f-48ba-97d2-a2b18abac6c8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-14 11:22:29","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2973931,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6017093/v1/c0dd24f0-dbd2-4388-b03f-15d0f6675e8b.pdf"},{"id":76284629,"identity":"bc355dbf-d549-42ed-908c-00feb949e40d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-14 10:58:27","extension":"docx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":1360084,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Supplementarymaterial.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6017093/v1/a27e6002c66d9d3c8aa3f3e8.docx"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe potential of White Stork \u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCiconia ciconia\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e nest lining to evaluate the functional diversity of coleopteran fauna – a case study of a novel non-invasive method of bioindicative evaluation across a land-use intensity gradient\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe present biodiversity crisis in the Anthropocene due to climate change and habitat loss imposes the need to elaborate non-invasive methods of the assessment of the organismal diversity and composition. Importantly, the vast majority of methods of collecting arthropod samples are very invasive because these organisms die during sampling, and achievement of a sufficient material size for the analysis is laborious and expensive; thus, it is hard to obtain a statistically robust sample size (McCravy \u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e, Knapp et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe progressive decline of biomass and diversity of arthropods being the staple component of higher trophic predatory organisms leads to impoverishment of ecosystem services linked with disappearance of high biodiversity and abundance of arthropods at the landscape level (F\u0026uuml;rst et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e, Harvey et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). In agroecosystems, arthropods are an important resource for many higher trophic predatory animals, including birds. Recent long-term studies reporting dramatic declines of some arthropod groups all over the world have raised wide concerns about cascading effects on the overall biodiversity. However, the changes in the abundance and diversity of arthropods/invertebrates are complex, heterogeneous, and hardly correlated amongst taxa, and there are winners and losers among different arthropod taxa (Jackson et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e, van Klink et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR60\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e, F\u0026uuml;rst et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e, Harvey et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeetles (order Coleoptera) are the central components of many ecosystems. They are the most affected groups of animals, for which climate change, land-use change, and intensity of management have pervasive effects from individuals to communities. Beetles are the most diverse group in the animal kingdom, accounting for almost 25% of all known life-forms (reviewed in Liu et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e). Given the important role of beetles in both biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, a number of well-known beetle families, such as Carabidae, Coccinellidae, and Staphylinidae, have been investigated with respect to their responses to the landscape context and local land management (Liu et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e). Importantly, since the temperature is the most important environmental factor affecting invertebrate population dynamics, it is expected that global climate warming and increased dryness could trigger an expansion of the geographic range of thermophilic species (Skendžić et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR53\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e, Harvey et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStrong effects of the landscape context of both local and landscape scale factors have so far been recorded, and beetle responses have been suggested to vary with functional traits such as body size, feeding habit, or habitat affinity (Liu et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e). Predatory ground-dwelling beetles with a large body size, which are associated with permanent non-cropped habitats, have been reported to be more affected by the changing landscape context and pesticide application than herbivorous and omnivorous species. Liu and co-authors (2014) claim that very few studies have so far considered a wider diversity of Coleoptera groups and related their responses to environmental change across multiple scales as affected by functional traits. Importantly, the diversity of land cover types and agricultural management intensity at the landscape scale are critical for maintaining communities, which are functionally diverse, even in landscapes where the in-field management intensity is high (Mill\u0026aacute;n de la Pe\u0026ntilde;a 2003, G\u0026aacute;mez-Viru\u0026eacute;s et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe White Stork \u003cem\u003eCiconia ciconia\u003c/em\u003e is an example of high-trophic predatory bird species breeding and foraging in agricultural areas of western Palearctic (Kaatz et al. 2017). Its populations show an apparent geographical diversity and contrasting patterns of abundance changes: a decreasing trend in Eastern Europe (defined as the eastern population), whereas the western and southern populations (hereinafter referred to as the western population) increase rapidly (Thomsen et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR56\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e, Wuczyński et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR62\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). Importantly, although the White Stork is classified as an opportunistic single-prey forager and feeds on a variety of invertebrate and vertebrate prey items, its early nestlings (up to \u003cem\u003eca\u003c/em\u003e three weeks of life) must be fed intact unfragmented small prey items, such as earthworms, insects (mostly Orthoptera), or/and other slippery/aquatic prey items, e.g. tadpoles (for a review of the contribution of different prey taxa in the diet of White Stork, see Profus \u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e, Dziewiaty et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e, Orłowski et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). Consequently, as a whole, previous data revealed that the low productivity of White Stork pairs in simplified rural/agricultural landscapes with predominant arable land use resulted from insufficient gathering of an adequate volume of abundant small-sized prey for early nestlings (Orłowski et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe availability/distribution of major prey types reported in the White Stork diet show a strong geographical bias; for instance, earthworms (being most abundant in moist regions in northern and eastern Europe) are a very scarce component of soil fauna in the dry arid and semi-arid in the southern part of the species breeding range, i.e. South Europe and North Africa (Rutgeres et al. 2016). Contrarily, the increased size of the western population of the White Stork is related to an abundant and predictable and relatively more stable anthropogenic food source from landfills (Djerdali et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e, Pineda-Pampliega et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). Landfills have been regarded as a major driver associated with the high breeding success of White Stork populations in North Africa as well as Central and Southern Europe (Djerdali et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e, Pineda-Pampliega et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e, L\u0026oacute;pez-Garc\u0026iacute;a and Aguirre \u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). In particular, as a whole, the existing dietary data reveal that Coleoptera are the major prey items for the White Stork breeding near landfills; however, the importance of these prey items in early nestlings, i.e. during the ontogenetic diet shift, is poorly known. Therefore, this prey group and its importance to nestlings should be studied more thoroughly. The data for eastern populations published previously suggest that a two-level ontogenetic trophic bottleneck may explain the low productivity of White Stork pairs in simplified landscapes with predominant arable land use: parent birds are unable to satisfy the growing energy demands of nestlings by their inability to gather a sufficient volume of abundant small-sized prey (early nestlings) and deliver energetically more profitable vertebrate prey at the time of the diet switch (Orłowski et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHighly sclerotized/chitinous undigested food remains of insects are quite well preserved in regurgitated pellets and are potentially good indicators of the actual intake in different bird species (Errington \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1930\u003c/span\u003e, Turienzo and Di Iorio \u003cspan citationid=\"CR59\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e), including the White Stork (Pinowska et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e, Profus \u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e, Dziewiaty et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). A regurgitated pellet consists of undigested food material, sequestered in the gizzard, compacted, and expelled through the mouth in the form of a spherical or oval corpse (Errington \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1930\u003c/span\u003e, Turienzo and Di Iorio \u003cspan citationid=\"CR59\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e). Regurgitated pellets have been found on the ground below the roosts of adult birds and below or inside nests if the young produced them. They can remain undestroyed for weeks (Pinowska et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e, Profus \u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e, Dziewiaty et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e, Turienzo and Di Iorio \u003cspan citationid=\"CR59\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, we assessed the coleopteran component of the diet and its functional diversity using undigested regurgitated insect remains (presumably originating from a long-term/multiyear time span) found in the nests of the White Stork nesting along an agricultural management and land-use intensity gradient. We assessed the effect of the land-cover structure on the coleopteran community composition in the White Stork diet in terms of the taxonomy of individual prey species/taxa and the major functional guilds. Two major questions were explored: (1) What is the structure of coleopteran fauna found in White Stork nests in terms of the species composition and the contribution of the major functional group of beetles? (2) How does the landscape structure, with special attention paid to intensively used land cover types, affect the composition of coleopteran fauna provided to nestlings by White Stork parent individuals? Finally, we discuss the importance of coleopteran prey in the White Stork diet and make recommendations for further dietary studies in populations of this species relaying on food resources derived from anthropogenic environments. We stress that, due to the specificity of the examined material, our study did not provide an actual description of the full spectrum of the diet of the White Stork.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials and methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eStudy area and sampling design\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe research material consists of the contents of eight White Stork nests. All the nests were located on electricity poles, but they were removed for safety reasons. The nests were situated in eight villages of the Lublin region (south-eastern Poland; Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e): Adam\u0026oacute;w (AD; N 50\u0026deg;35'46.04\", E 23\u0026deg;09'53.29\"), Białopole (BI; N 50\u0026deg;59'10.22\", E 23\u0026deg;44'09.07\"), Busieniec (BU; N 50\u0026deg;57'16.3\", E 23\u0026deg;42'50.1\"), Dubienka (DU; N 51\u0026deg;03'13.2\", E 23\u0026deg;53'31.2\"), Kurman\u0026oacute;w (KU; N 50\u0026deg;56'52.52\", E 23\u0026deg;44'01.75\"), Leszczany (LE; N 51\u0026deg;01'16.25\", E 23\u0026deg;36'02.02\"), Siedliszcze (SI; N 51\u0026deg;01'09.78\", E 23\u0026deg;48'20.76\"), and Skryhiczyn (SK; N 50\u0026deg;59'51.73\", E 23\u0026deg;55'06.12\").\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eLand cover data and landscape structure\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo assess the land cover types around the nests, we used CORINE Land Cover (CLC) data from 2012 (mapping scale 1:100000, minimum mapping unit: 25 ha; provided by the Ministry of Environmental Conservation of the Republic of Poland; CLC\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e). Data sets of class 2 of all land cover types were generated for each of the White Stork nests (11 land cover types in total representing class 2 in the CLC classification; Fig. S1, Table S1). The choice of class 2 in the CLC classification and its use in our main analysis were dictated by the fact that we intended to obtain a direct picture of the cause/effect relationship for individual prey groups and landscape structure. Accordingly, class 2 in the CLC classification, yields the highest resolution of the seven major (level 2) land cover types: forests, inland wetlands, associations of trees and shrubs, meadows, mixed crops, arable lands, and urbanized areas, and eleven detailed categories (level 3): discontinuous urban fabric (code: 112), non-irrigated arable land (code: 211), pastures (code: 231), complex cultivation patterns (code: 242), land principally occupied by agriculture, with significant areas of natural vegetation (code: 243), broad-leaved forest (code: 311), coniferous forest (code: 312), mixed forest (code: 313), transitional woodland-shrub (code: 324), inland marshes (code: 411), and peat bogs (code: 412).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThen the CLC data were computed using a geographical information system (QGIS of version 3.34.14 (\u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://download.qgis.org\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://download.qgis.org\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e)) for a radius of 2.5 km around the nests. Most of the foraging activity of the White Stork takes place near their nests (\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;1 km), especially in the vicinity of grasslands or other non-cropped land cover types (Johst et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2001\u003c/span\u003e; Eggers et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e). Foraging patches within distances of 2.5 km around the White Stork nests were referred to as nearby ones (Johst et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2001\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIdentification and functional clustering of Coleopteran prey items\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eLaboratory work\u003c/em\u003e. The material (weighing approx. 10 kg) collected from the interior of each White Stork nest was soaked, carefully fragmented, and thoroughly rinsed. Then, all insect fragments were selected from the tray used for floating the remnants and identified to various taxonomic levels. These specimens were counted in a manner designed to avoid duplication. A single individual was counted if the following parts were found: the head, the pronotum, and a complete set of elytra or fragments thereof, covering more than 50% of the total elytral surface area. In cases of the presence of numerous specimens from the same taxon, the accuracy of identification was further confirmed by analysing additional morphological features: legs, mandibles, body appendages, and even copulatory organs in some instances. The average body length and mass of the vast majority of the taxa were based on measurements of specimens from the collection housed at the Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin as well as data from the literature (collated in Ścibior \u003cspan citationid=\"CR52\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e, Ścibior, unpubl.). For a few taxa, the work of Bacia (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e) was referenced, along with a simple approximation, which estimated the mass based on the known length of the taxon. Insects were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic units with the use of available identification keys for various families, primarily published in the \u003cem\u003eFauna Poloniae\u003c/em\u003e series. The taxonomy followed the nomenclature in the catalogue series by L\u0026ouml;bl \u0026amp; Smetana (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;2013).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBased on our previous data (Kajtoch et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e, Orłowski et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e), we applied the division of prey taxa into four separate functional classifications, taking into account their relationship with the landscape characteristics and agricultural intensity. Specifically, these were as follows: (1) Trophic guilds representing predator, saprovorous, and herbivorous taxa. (2) Association with the habitat type: non-cropped/permanent vegetation, arable fields, water, and ubiquitous. (3) Vertical distribution: ground, water, low vegetation up to 1 m high, high vegetation above 1 m, and all layers. (4) Agricultural importance: pest, including taxa of mixed or unknown importance, neutral, and beneficial (mostly predators and saprovorous taxa/decomposers).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eStatistical analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn order to organize the data on the landscape surrounding the nests and to explain the influence of the landscape cover on the prey structure, multivariate statistical analysis (Principal Correspondence Analysis \u0026ndash; PCA), ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey test, and correlation and regression analyses were performed using TIBCO Statistica\u0026trade; 14.0.0 software (TIBCO Software Inc. Data Science Textbook 2020). To measure the diversity of the landscape around nests and beetle species diversity, we used the Shannon-Wiener diversity index H = - Σp\u003csub\u003ei\u003c/sub\u003e*ln(p\u003csub\u003ei\u003c/sub\u003e), where p\u003csub\u003ei\u003c/sub\u003e is the proportion of the given value (land cover type area or number of prey items).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003eOverall, we found 32 277 individual Coleopteran prey items, from which 17 252 were identified to the family level (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). Across all the sites analyzed, the most numerous beetles were the representatives of three families: Carabidae, Silphidae, and Scarabidae (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, Fig. S2, Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). In the group of beetles identified at least to the family level, 10 taxa were aquatic beetles (2 families, 6 taxa identified to species) and 65 were terrestrial beetles (11 families, 53 taxa identified to species, including a few larvae; Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFunctional division of coleopteran prey items found in material sampled from eight nests/locations of the White Stork in SE Poland. (1) Trophic guilds: predator (P), saprovorous (S), herbivorous (H); (2) Habitat type: non-cropped/permanent vegetation (N), crop fields (C), water (W ), ubiquitous (U); Vertical distribution: ground, water, and low vegetation, \u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;1 m (G), high vegetation, \u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;1 m (V), all layers (A); Agricultural importance: Pest, including taxa of mixed or unknown importance (P), Neutral (N), Beneficial, mostly predator and saprovorous taxa (B).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTaxa\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFunctional division\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVertical distribution\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAgricultural importance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBody length (mm)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBody mass (g)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"8\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNest location\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eForest\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eArable lands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eArable lands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ewith mixed crops\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMixed crops\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTrophic guild\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHabitat type\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSK\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eColeoptera n. det.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2166\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2880\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e771\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e395\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1149\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2680\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1957\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3027\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDytiscidae n. det.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAcilius canaliculatus\u003c/em\u003e (Nicolai, 1822)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14,75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAcilius sulcatus\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16,85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAgabus\u003c/em\u003e sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eDytiscus marginalis\u003c/em\u003e Linnaeus, 1758\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHydaticus\u003c/em\u003e sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHydaticus continentalis\u003c/em\u003e Balfour-Browne, 1944\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eIlybius\u003c/em\u003e sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHydrous piceus\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHydrochara caraboides\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e161\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e277\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCarabidae n. det. (excl. \u003cem\u003eCarabus\u003c/em\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e888\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1755\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e456\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e296\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e478\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1199\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e982\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1123\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCalosoma inquisitor\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCarabus\u003c/em\u003e sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e107\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCarabus auronitens\u003c/em\u003e Fabricius, 1792\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCarabus cancellatus\u003c/em\u003e Illiger, 1798\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,577\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCarabus clatratus\u003c/em\u003e Linnaeus, 1761\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCarabus coriaceus\u003c/em\u003e Linnaeus, 1758\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCarabus glabratus\u003c/em\u003e Paykull, 1790\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCarabus granulatus\u003c/em\u003e Linnaeus, 1758\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e115\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCarabus hortensis\u003c/em\u003e Linnaeus, 1758\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCarabus nemoralis\u003c/em\u003e M\u0026uuml;ller, 1764\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,587\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCarabus violaceus\u003c/em\u003e Linnaeus, 1758\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHister unicolor\u003c/em\u003e Linnaeus, 1758\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,045\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNicrophorus vespillo\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNicrophorus vespilloides\u003c/em\u003e Herbst, 1783\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSilpha\u003c/em\u003e sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,178\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1796\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e149\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e268\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSilpha atrata\u003c/em\u003e Linnaeus, 1758\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSilpha carinatha\u003c/em\u003e Herbst, 1783\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,256\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSilpha obscura\u003c/em\u003e Linnaeus, 1758\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e964\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e141\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSilpha tristis\u003c/em\u003e Illiger, 1798\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,094\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSilpha quadripunctata\u003c/em\u003e Linnaeus, 1758\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStaphylinidae n. det.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOcypus\u003c/em\u003e sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eGeotrupes stercorarius\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTrypocopris vernalis\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAmphimallon solstitiale\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphodius fimetarius\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,045\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e480\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCetonia aurata\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1761)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCopris lunaris\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelolontha melolontha\u003c/em\u003e (adult) (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e269\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e176\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMelolontha melolontha\u003c/em\u003e (larva) (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePhyllopertha horticola\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9,75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,078\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e195\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e395\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e205\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e176\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e351\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTrichius fasciatus\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,135\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eElateridae n. det. (adult)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eElateridae n. det. (larva)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eActenicerus sjaelandicus\u003c/em\u003e (M\u0026uuml;ller, 1764)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAgriotes obscurus\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8,75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,075\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAgriotes sputator\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7,25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,055\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAgrypnus murinus\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,142\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAthous\u003c/em\u003e sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,075\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAthous subfuscus\u003c/em\u003e (M\u0026uuml;ller, 1764)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9,25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,075\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eDalopius marginatus\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6,75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,047\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSelatosomus\u003c/em\u003e sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSelatosomus aeneus\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCoccinella septempunctata\u003c/em\u003e Linnaeus, 1758\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLamia textor\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eChrysolina fastuosa\u003c/em\u003e (Scopoli, 1763)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eChrysolina herbacea\u003c/em\u003e (Duftschmid, 1825)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,075\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eChrysolina polita\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7,25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,055\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eChrysolina sanguinolenta\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eChrysolina staphylaea\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7,75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,065\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eChrysolina sturmi\u003c/em\u003e (Westhoff, 1882)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7,75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,065\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eChrysolina varians\u003c/em\u003e (Schaller, 1783)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,039\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eGastrophysa viridula\u003c/em\u003e (De Geer, 1775)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,038\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eLeptinotarsa decemlineata\u003c/em\u003e (Say, 1824)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePlagiosterna aenea\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6,9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCurculionidae n. det.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,062\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHylobius abietis\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10,4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,085\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHypera zoilus\u003c/em\u003e (Scopoli, 1763)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOtiorhynchus\u003c/em\u003e sp.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,056\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOtiorhynchus ligustici\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10,25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOtiorhynchus niger\u003c/em\u003e (Fabricius, 1775)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8,5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOtiorhynchus ovatus\u003c/em\u003e (Linnaeus, 1758)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,036\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOtiorhynchus raucus\u003c/em\u003e (Fabricius, 1776)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTanymecus palliatus\u003c/em\u003e (Fabricius, 1787)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8,75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,075\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTOTAL: (32277)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5802\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e965\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2228\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3750\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6260\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe vast majority of the prey items were large beetles with a body length of \u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10 mm; the largest prey was \u003cem\u003eHydrophilus piceus\u003c/em\u003e, exceeding 40 mm in length (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). Small prey items (up to 10 mm) constituted only 0.6\u0026ndash;30.6% of all the identified beetles, and no distinct pattern in the association of the landscape around the nest type was observed (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e). Despite the different structure of Coleopteran fauna in the different nests, the average weighed mass of one prey did not differ significantly between the nests, due to the dominance of large bodied prey items.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDiversity and size of Coleopteran prey items found in nests located in different habitat types; large prey species \u0026ndash; species with body length\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;10 mm. Only taxa identified to at least the family level were included in the analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eForest domination\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eArable lands domination\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eArable lands with mixed crops\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMixed crops\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSK\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eShannon-Wiener index (habitat diversity)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eShannon-Wiener index (taxonomical diversity)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAverage weighted\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eprey mass (mg)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.208\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.219\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.182\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.226\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.236\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.214\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.175\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLarge prey\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4056\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2709\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e814\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e545\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e960\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2083\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1570\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmall prey\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e213\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e435\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e119\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e244\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e223\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e988\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSHARE OF INDIVIDUALS (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLarge prey\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e89.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e89.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmall prey\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNUMBER OF TAXA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLarge prey\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmall prey\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSHARE IN TAXA POOL (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLarge prey\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e75.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSmall prey\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003eLandscape characteristics around nests\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe analysis of the land cover structure around the nests allowed four distinct habitat types to be distinguished, differing in the intensity of human management (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, Table S1, S2). One nest (AD) was located in a landscape with a prevailing share of forests accompanied by smaller associations of trees and shrubs with the absence of meadows, all the other nests were surrounded by crops and meadows used with varying intensity (Table S2: Component 1 dividing all the nests into these two groups). Component 2 (Table S2) allowed identification of three groups of habitats with a different share of specific crop types, which can be identified as the level of diversity in the farming system: with the dominance of arable lands (LE), dominated by arable lands but with the presence of mixed crops (BU, SI, and BI), and nests distinguished by a higher share of mixed crops than in the others (SK, DU, and KU).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe lowest landscape diversity was found in areas dominated by one cover type (forests or arable land). The presence and increasing share of mixed crops significantly increased the value of biodiversity measured by the Shannon-Wiener index (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e). ANOVA indicated significant differences among the Shannon-Wiener index values calculated on the basis of the share of the land cover types around the nests for three groups of landscapes types (Fig. S3).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eEffect of landscape variability on coleopteran functional diversity in the White Stork diet\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe taxonomical diversity and composition of the major functional guilds of Coleopteran fauna found in the nests measured by the Shannon-Wiener index was correlated with the landscape diversity of the nests surroundings (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, Table S3). Thus, the landscape composition appeared to be a good predictor of Coleopteran taxa diversity found in the nests. The lowest landscape diversity (dominance of one land-cover type, forests or arable lands) resulted in low diversity of Coleopteran prey items, and the linear correlation was strong and statistically significant (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe analysis of the structure of the identified coleopteran prey items (\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;17 252) showed a significant relationship between the landscape structure and the beetle communities present in the nests: the abundance of the major prey taxa and the share of the three major functional guilds (herbivores, scavengers, and predators). The contribution of the three major functional trophic groups of beetles varied between the eight sampling sites (nests) (Table S4, Fig. S4). Across all the sites, the most abundant functional group of beetles were predators (average; 95% CI) 54.4% (42.5%, 66.3%), followed by scavengers, 26.3% (10.0-42.5%) and herbivores, 19.3% (95% CI, 10.8\u0026ndash;27.8%; Table S4-S5, Fig. S4-S5). However, the percentage composition of the individual functional groups of beetles (in terms of minimal and maximal values) strongly varied between the sites, as revealed for herbivores (15-fold), followed by scavengers (5-fold) and predators (2-fold). The contribution of scavengers was clearly linked with the high share of forests around the nest and decreased with the increasing share of arable lands and mixed crops (Fig. S5A-B: Comp. 2, Table S5). The high contribution of herbivorous and predatory beetles was connected with the presence of crops, especially with the dominance of arable lands in the landscape (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e: Comp. 1, Table S5). Also the contribution of the other functional groups (associated with the habitat type and agriculture importance) was strongly connected with the landscape structure around the nest; hence, it is a good predictor of the characteristics of the White Stork foraging area (Fig. S5C-F, Table S5).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eOur results show that the debris from the White Stork nests contained exceptionally abundant beetle remains and indicate a strong correlation between the beetle community composition and the functional diversity of these insects and local environmental conditions. In particular, compared to results of previous studies on beetle sampling in epigeic environments (including those derived from standardly applied pitfall trapping; c.f. Mill\u0026aacute;n de la Pe\u0026ntilde;a et al. 2003, Liu et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e, Jahnov\u0026aacute; et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e), our analysis showed a massive accumulation of beetle remains in the nest material that have the potential application as a novel efficient and non-invasive method of assessment of Coleopteran diversity in agricultural landscapes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe give evidence that the analysis of nest lining material provides taxonomically informative data on beetle assemblages and can be a valuable tool in biondicative evaluation of Coleopteran fauna variability. Moreover, it is worth to indicate that, similarly to pitfall (passive) beetle trapping, which selectively captures only some taxa of beetles (see Knapp et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e for discussion on efficiency of capturing beetles), the White Stork presumably actively preyed on larger beetles.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt should be stressed that the presence of beetle remains in White Stork nests is presumably an effect of the long-term (multiyear) accumulation of these prey items, and represents the food items delivered by parent birds to their nestlings during several breeding seasons. Further, the repeated nesting by birds in the same location, associated with their pronounced species-specific nest fidelity, allows the White Stork to become familiar with the habitat and potential food resources in their immediate surroundings. As a result, these birds can optimally utilize unpredictable food resources, such as those from ephemeral habitats, like mown grassland or ploughed fields, where the availability and biomass of different prey items is relatively higher compared to habitats with tall vegetation (Johst et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2001\u003c/span\u003e; Goławski and Kasprzykowski \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmong aquatic insects (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003eB), only two taxa from the family Hydrophilidae were found in the nests at all the sites, with the quantitative share of \u003cem\u003eHydrochara caraboides\u003c/em\u003e being significantly higher (D% = 0.35\u0026ndash;8.98) than that of \u003cem\u003eHydrophilus piceus\u003c/em\u003e (D% = 0.02\u0026ndash;0.26). The presence of this family was lowest at site BU, where only three individuals were collected. The share of the most numerous representatives of the family Dytiscidae at the sites was considerably lower, with the most abundant \u003cem\u003eDytiscus marginalis\u003c/em\u003e (D% = 0-1.2), \u003cem\u003eHydaticus continentalis\u003c/em\u003e (D% = 0-0.95), and \u003cem\u003eAcilius sulcatus\u003c/em\u003e (D% = 0-0.87). Beetles from this family were absent at one site (BU), which may indicate a different character of the few water bodies explored by the stork at this location. Hydrophilidae are slower swimming beetles that prefer shallow, rapidly warming water bodies with rich vegetation, whereas Dytiscidae can be found at greater depths in the water column. The high contribution of aquatic beetles (including the taxa recorded in our study) to the diet of the White Stork, particularly during the early part of the breeding season, was previously reported by other researchers (reviewed in Profus \u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAt all the studied sites, the constant and most numerous prey consisted of small-bodied representatives of the family Carabidae (though above 1 cm), which are typical elements of anthropogenic habitats covered by low vegetation. Their proportion typically ranged between 52% and 60%. However, at only one site (AD), it reached just 22%, due to the fact that the White Stork had a permanent access to supplemental feeding in the form of slaughter waste or carcasses, as the share of necrophagous beetles was exceptionally high, reaching a total of 69% (\u003cem\u003eSilpha\u003c/em\u003e spp.) of all individuals in this nest (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). This indicates that the White Stork frequently visited this location, possibly reducing their foraging efforts in other microhabitats around the nest. Prior studies indicate that supplemental feeding, particularly from predictable food resources from landfills, improves reproductive parameters in these birds (Hilgartner et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e; Bialas et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e); however, it is not clear which kind of food is responsible for this phenomenon.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur research showed that, in many of the studied sites, necrophagous taxa (\u003cem\u003eSilpha\u003c/em\u003e sp., \u003cem\u003eNicrophorus\u003c/em\u003e sp., \u003cem\u003eHister unicolor\u003c/em\u003e) were a significant component of the White Stork's food. Other authors have also reported these taxa in the White Stork diet in various parts of Europe (Ferreira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e), where they were also found in low numbers (0.3-1% Histeridae) or constituted about 0.9\u0026ndash;6.6% during the spring-summer period. In studies conducted in Slovenia, Vrezec (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR61\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e) demonstrated the presence of representatives from the family Silphidae in the diet (24.3% of the total number of prey), with \u003cem\u003eNicrophorus\u003c/em\u003e sp. accounting for 0.7%. In our study, Silphidae represented 4.3\u0026ndash;68.8% of the total number of identified Coleopteran prey items (mean: 19%), with \u003cem\u003eNicrophorus\u003c/em\u003e sp. making up 0.18%. We are aware that our comparison may not be fully representative, as the sample of insects that were prey for the White Stork in the cited work (Vrezec \u003cspan citationid=\"CR61\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e; n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;126) was nearly 130 times smaller than in our study (\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;17.252). This may suggest that the White Stork analyzed in the present study actively sought small portions of carrion, as they could also guarantee the capture of numerous larger necrophagous insect species. Notably, previous studies (Kahl \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1972\u003c/span\u003e, Profus \u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e, Dziewiaty et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e) indicate that the White Stork exhibits a lack of dietary specialization due to the fact that their original habitat was vast savannas, where individuals could exploit unpredictable food resources that fluctuated in abundance both within a single year and over many years. This resulted in the birds not specializing in acquiring one type of food, but rather exploiting any prey that appeared in greater quantities (necrophagous insects). There is no strong evidence for the widespread exploitation of carrion by the White Stork, as is the case with other stork species, such as African marabous (Kahl \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1972\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur research showed a small proportion of prey consisting of coprophagous beetles. However, they represented a consistent share at the study sites (an average of 3.7%). Notably, at one site (SK), the White Stork clearly preferred to collect prey items from fresh cattle droppings, as \u003cem\u003eAphodius fimetarius\u003c/em\u003e constituted nearly 15% of the all prey items. Other species from this trophic guild (\u003cem\u003eCopris lunaris\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eTrypocopris vernalis\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eGeotrupes stercorarius\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eHister unicolor\u003c/em\u003e) were represented in small numbers (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e), indicating that the White Stork in our study area also explores patches of extensive cattle grazing (such as fragments of dry meadows). This corresponds with the findings reported by Zbyryt et al. (2014), where the authors demonstrate that the White Stork using fields with grazing cows has a greater feeding efficiency. Similarly, \u003cem\u003eTrypocopris vernalis\u003c/em\u003e is a taxon found on dung in both open and forested biotopes, which may suggest that the birds in our study could also be probing the edges of forests and forest roads. This aligns with the results shown by Tryjanowski et al. (2018), where the authors indicate the potential for forest habitat penetration by the White Stork nesting near forests.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eWhy Coleopteran is the dietary component important for White Stork nesting?\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the case of our results, based on the analysis of fragmented pellets, it is not possible to accurately characterize the contribution of all types of prey, particularly those with soft bodies that lack strongly sclerotized, chitinous body parts. More importantly, a recent dietary study of the White Stork in Poland evidenced that the most profitable invertebrate prey items (in terms of the energy content) were Orthoptera and earthworms (Orłowski et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). Orthopteran prey items were dominant in pellets of White Stork pairs with a high breeding success, and Coleoptera (especially necrophagous beetles from the Silphidae family) dominated in low-success nests (Vrezec \u003cspan citationid=\"CR61\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e, Orłowski et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOwing to the nestlings' gape-size constraint (precluding consumption of vertebrate prey items of the size of Common Voles by early young), stork nestlings most likely receive a staple diet enabling survival during the first 20 days of life. Thus, a two-level ontogenetic trophic bottleneck has been suggested to explain the low productivity of White Stork pairs in simplified landscapes with predominant arable land use (Orłowski et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). As a result, parent birds are unable to satisfy the growing energy demands of nestlings by gathering a sufficient volume of abundant small-sized prey (early nestlings) and by delivering energetically more profitable vertebrate prey at the time of the diet switch when the nestlings grow (Orłowski et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). On the other hand, we stress that Coleopteran prey items are presumably the major food types delivered to early White Stork nestlings near landfill sites (Raba\u0026ccedil;a et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR48\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e); however, the detailed contribution of this prey type during prenatal development is still unknown.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is surprising that we did not find any representatives of Orthoptera in our material. This aligns with the findings shown by Antczak et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2002\u003c/span\u003e), who also reported a very low contribution \u0026ndash; 1.44% (72/4997) of Orthopteran prey items in the diet of immature and non-breeding White Storks in western Poland (Pinowska et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e). Moreover, it is possible that many representatives of this order, despite being potential prey types for the White Stork, are too fast for the birds to catch. A similar situation may apply to other taxa commonly found on sandy roads among meadows, pastures, or fields, such as the genus \u003cem\u003eCicindela\u003c/em\u003e (also absent in our study material), which are characterized by very quick take-offs and are particularly sensitive to any unexpected movement in their environment (Rawicz 2018, Ścibior unpubl. data). In this microhabitat, White Storks are likely to catch less mobile or poorly flying representatives of the family Carabidae (including the genus \u003cem\u003eCarabus\u003c/em\u003e). Overall, all insects captured by the White Stork, as indicated by our findings in the pellets, are not capable of a rapid take-off and are also less sensitive to movement. Orthoptera, on the other hand, primarily consists of species from open, sunny, usually thermophilic habitats, which are much more numerous in southern Europe and northern Africa, thus making up a larger proportion of stork prey in those regions (see Szijj and Szijj \u003cspan citationid=\"CR55\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1955\u003c/span\u003e; Melendro et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1977\u003c/span\u003e; Boukhamza et al. 1995; Barbraud and Barbraud 1998).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is also possible that the absence of Orthoptera results from the specifics of our research material, namely the fragmented pellets forming a disintegrated material at the bottom of the nest, rather than whole compact pellets that generally serve as analytical material for describing the diet composition in other studies. Furthermore, it should be assumed that our material from the nests, which predominantly consisted of Coleoptera, originated from multiple breeding seasons. In this context, one can assume that the degree of preservation of the remains from different taxonomic groups of insects at the bottom of the nests will vary, and it is not excluded that undigested remains of Orthoptera may undergo faster decomposition due to the presence of birds in the nest, unlike the less abrasion and fragmentation susceptible elytra of Coleoptera. The presence of fragmented pellets at the bottom of stork nests should also be considered in the context of an additional layer of nest lining (inner nest lining) (sensu Deeming \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e), which seems to be a new aspect in the reproductive biology of birds that build open nests, as the long-term (multiyear) accumulation of regurgitated food left at the bottom of nests can play an additional thermoregulatory role.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn many of the studied sites, there was also a high proportion of large phytophagous insects (feeding mainly on the leaves of herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees as well as nectar) from the family Scarabaeidae: \u003cem\u003eMelolontha melolontha\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAmphimallon sostitiale\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePhyllopertha horticola\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eCetonia aurata\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eTrichius fasciatus\u003c/em\u003e. These taxa are often observed on fruit trees from the family Rosaceae, which are planted by humans in scattered arrangements around homes or farm buildings, typical of the agricultural/rural landscape in SW Poland. This suggests that the vicinity of homes and grassy areas around built-up areas (with gardens) serve as an alternative to open and often sown meadows, and are also readily utilized by storks, as confirmed by studies on seed banks collected from stork nests (Czarnecka and Kitowski \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotably, in foraging patches, the White Stork does not always exhibit the typical opportunism of a predator regarding insect prey, as it also does not evade insects whose sizes (3\u0026ndash;4 mm) certainly do not provide significant energy gains, such as \u003cem\u003eCoccinella septempunctata\u003c/em\u003e, which was found at three out of the eight sites, or the similarly small member of the chrysomelid family \u003cem\u003ePsylliodes chrysocephala\u003c/em\u003e, mentioned among the prey type in the publication by Orłowski et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e. The White Stork likely collects ladybugs from plants, attracted by their characteristic coloration while searching for other prey, which appears to be a new aspect of the foraging ecology of the White Stork as well as other birds with a diet based on arthropods. Ladybugs (Coccinellidae) are generally treated as aposematic prey and are avoided by most insectivorous birds (Orłowski and Karg \u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e). The White Stork certainly also visits potato fields in search of the Colorado beetle (\u003cem\u003eLeptinotarsa decemlineata\u003c/em\u003e), which was found in the regurgitated pellets at six sites. This is in agreement with previous observations on the use/elimination of Colorado beetles from potato crops by predatory vertebrates, including birds and amphibians, e.g. the Common Toad \u003cem\u003eBufo bufo\u003c/em\u003e (Karg and Trojan \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1968\u003c/span\u003e). Our study also suggests that the White Stork can be a predator for large bodied and endangered carabid beetles in agricultural landscapes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt has been shown that the increase in the area of mixed crops, as opposed to arable land and meadows, influences the species composition of prey measured by the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e). This relationship for mixed crops is related to the richness of microhabitats that serve as attractive foraging sites for various insect taxa, stemming from the small size, dispersion, and fragmentation of plots. On the other hand, this contradicts the assumptions attributing key importance to meadows in the nesting locations of White Stork (Nowakowski \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotably, the analyses showed that the increase in the area of arable land at the studied sites did not induce an increase in the diversity of coleopterans measured by the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. However, this relationship was found to be statistically insignificant (r\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.402, n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;8, n.s.). A similar relationship was observed for meadows (r\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.429, n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;8, n.s.). In contrast, the increase in the area of mixed crops in the foraging range positively influenced the species diversity of coleopteran fauna (r\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.724, n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;8, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.02). However, due to the small number of nests, these results should be interpreted with caution.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe highlight that, in the context of the ontogenetic diet shift, Coleopteran prey items are an important food type for early nestlings, mostly due to the gape-size constrains of these nestlings. During the first days after hatching, White Stork nestlings are fed mainly small (and, when available, slippery) prey items, like earthworms, tadpoles, insects, and their larvae; larger items are fed from the third week onwards. At age ca 5 weeks, mammals and other vertebrate prey are delivered (Tortosa and Redondo, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR58\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1992\u003c/span\u003e; Lakenberg, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1995\u003c/span\u003e, Schulz, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR51\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e, reviewed in Orłowski et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). Therefore, it should be assumed that beetles can be the primary food types of early nestlings of the White Stork breeding near landfills, in particular in the southern part of White Stork\u0026rsquo;s breeding range with dry climate where other major invertebrate prey types, such an earthworms or aquatic invertebrates, are scarce (Rutgers et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR49\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e). Ultimately, we stress that although foraging in landfills has provoked an important shift in the White Stork\u0026rsquo;s diet, partially replacing natural food items with different waste material of anthropogenic origin (Raba\u0026ccedil;a et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR48\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), parent White Storks must provide their early nestlings with natural small-bodied invertebrate prey items, because early young birds (due to the gape-size constrains) are not able to ingest large fragments of garbage (e.g. chickens, carrion etc.).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eFour major conclusions with clear research implications emerge from our study:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(1) Fragmented material of pellets from White Stork nests is a valuable way to assess the coleopteran diversity around the nests or within the breeding territories of the White Stork. Therefore, due to the non-invasive nature of this method, which does not kill insects, we strongly recommend it for assessing beetle diversity in agricultural landscapes. The analytical material used in such studies should be collected after young birds leave the nests or especially when the nests fall to the ground.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(2) Due to the selective and predominant preservation of the remains of one group of prey taxa (Coleoptera) in the fragmented material of regurgitated pellets, the determination of the composition of the White Stork\u0026rsquo;s diet is impossible and should not be recommended to assess the full spectrum of the diet composition of this omnivorous bird species.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(3) White Storks play a role of ecosystem services as pest species in agroecosystems.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(4) Given the critical importance of small bodied prey as staple food items for early White Stork\u0026rsquo;s nestlings, further studies on the diet of the White Stork breeding near landfills (in both Europe and Northern Africa) are essential to assess the contribution of different taxa of Coleoptera.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors would like to thank Dr. Szymon Cios for providing raw material from one nest (site Adam\u0026oacute;w \u0026ndash; AD).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCRediT authorship contribution statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGrzegorz Orłowski: Writing \u0026ndash; original draft, Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis; Ignacy Kitowski: Supervision, Methodology. Data curation. Project administration; Grzegorz Grzywaczewski: Methodology, Investigation, Visualization; Joanna Czarnecka: Writing, \u0026ndash; Review and Editing; Methodology, Data analysis; Visualization; Radosław Ścibior: Writing \u0026ndash; original draft, Data curation, Methodology, Investigation, Visualization.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeclaration of competing interest\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAntczak M., Konwerski S., Grobelny S., Tryjanowski, P. 2002. The food composition of immature and non-breeding White Storks in Poland. Waterbirds 25:424-428.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBacia D. 1997. 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Acta Oecol. 104, 103544.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"Institute of Technology and Life Sciences","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Coleopteran fauna, Regurgitated pellets, Land-cover variability, Beetle diversity in agricultural landscapes, Biodiversity assessment, Prey-predator interactions","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6017093/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6017093/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eCollecting arthropod samples is usually very invasive because these organisms die during sampling, and it is hard to obtain a statistically robust sample. The availability of arthropods is critical for the survival of the youngest White Stork \u003cem\u003eCiconia ciconia\u003c/em\u003e nestlings conditioning the productivity of their populations; thus, the species is a strong predator of a variety of epigeic insects. At the time of the dietary shift and progressive drying of climatic conditions due to climate change or/and in dry habitats replacing wetlands, the role of such termophilic taxa as certain Coleoptera is often underestimated. Here, we evaluated the coleopteran component of the diet of the White Stork using the nest lining material, i.e. fragmented remains of regurgitated pellets, and related the community indices of Coleopteran fauna to the landscape structure within a radius of 2.5 km around nests. In eight nests in SE Poland, we found a massive accumulation of beetle remains representing 32 277 individual Coleopteran prey items, from which 17 252 were identified to the family level. Our analysis showed a significant relationship between the landscape structure and beetle communities, as well as the abundance of dominant prey taxa and share of three major functional guilds (herbivores, scavengers, and predators). The three most abundant prey taxa were large bodied epigeic taxa representing three families: carabidae, silphidae, and scarabidae, whose contribution increased with the share of tree cover and decreased with the share of arable land. The contribution of herbivorous and predatory beetles increased with the share of arable land. We have evidenced that the analysis of nest lining material provides a taxonomically informative data on beetle communities and can be a valuable tool in biondicative assessments of Coleopteran biodiversity. Given the widespread nesting of White Stork near landfills (increasing the productivity of their local populations), further studies assessing the role of the Coleopteran component, particularly the contribution of necrophagous or saprophagous beetles, in the diet of early nestlings of this bird species are essential.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"The potential of White Stork Ciconia ciconia nest lining to evaluate the functional diversity of coleopteran fauna – a case study of a novel non-invasive method of bioindicative evaluation across a land-use intensity gradient","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-02-14 10:58:22","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6017093/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"6b82895f-b75a-4230-9c18-4b0e761a8dd1","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 14th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":44245048,"name":"Wildlife Biology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-02-14T10:58:22+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-02-14 10:58:22","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6017093","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6017093","identity":"rs-6017093","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}