Dietary Habits and Nutritional Status of TB/HIV/AIDS Co-Infected Patients Attending the TB Clinic in Kyangwali Health Center: A cross-sectional study

Dietary Habits and Nutritional Status of TB/HIV/AIDS Co-Infected Patients Attending the TB Clinic in Kyangwali Health Center: A cross-sectional study | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Dietary Habits and Nutritional Status of TB/HIV/AIDS Co-Infected Patients Attending the TB Clinic in Kyangwali Health Center: A cross-sectional study Allan Komugisa, Vivian Namboga, Michael Jackson Asingwire This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6819006/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne disease brought about by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), and it majorly affects the respiratory system of the body, whereas Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The study aimed to investigate the dietary habits and nutritional status and their association with HIV/TB Co-infected individuals attending the TB clinic in Kyangwali Health Center IV. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional design was employed, involving structured face-to-face interviews, dietary assessments, and anthropometric measurements. Quantitative data obtained included anthropometric measurements, dietary diversity score, average income per month, and meal frequency were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS version 24 for statistical relationships. A sample size of 196 participants was determined using Cochran’s formula; however, 100 participants were reached due to restricted time for data collection and resources. Various data collection techniques, including anthropometric assessment and the Dietary Diversity Questionnaire, were employed to comprehensively evaluate the nutritional status and dietary habits of TB/HIV Co-infected patients. Ethical considerations were upheld throughout the whole study process. Results The mean (SD) age of participants was 41(11), Body Mass Index (BMI) 20.84(5.15), MUAC 24.8(5.0), DDS 4.7(1.77), Meal frequency 2.5(0.67), and Average income per month of shs. 327979(203320). 52% of the participants had a normal nutritional status, whereas 31% were underweight, 12% overweight, and 5% obese. Nutritional status was significantly associated with the average income per month, meal frequency, and Dietary Diversity Score of the patients. Conclusion This research yields valuable insights into the interplay between the deadly duo infection, nutritional status, and dietary practices of individuals affected. However, there is a need for further research on the effect of health and nutritional policies on the dietary practices of HIV/TB co-infected patients, especially in regions with high prevalence of Tuberculosis, like refugee settlements. Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files DATACOLLECTIONTOOL.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 03 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 12 Aug, 2025 Reviews received at journal 06 Aug, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Jul, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Jul, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 22 Jul, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 15 Jul, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 05 Jul, 2025 First submitted to journal 05 Jul, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6819006","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":489559904,"identity":"da650b18-87b2-4b14-b3df-725342f93c68","order_by":0,"name":"Allan Komugisa","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA+UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACduYGBoYDIBYjkFEBpJlBIvgAMyOyljMwEeK0gHS1wfTiAfzNjI2fC87YRBucX9z84ee82mj+dqCWHxXbcGqROMzYLD3jRlruhhsP2yR7tx3PnXGYsYGx58xt3NYAFUjzfDgM1HKwjYF327HcBqAIM2Mbbi3yQFt+Q7U0f/w751jufEJaDA4ztknz3ABqOd/YIM3bUJO7gZAWQ6AWa54zabkzbwD1yhw7kLsRqOUgPr/IHW8+fJvnmE1u3/njjz++qanLnXf+8MEHPyrweB8OJBLAoQFmHyBCPRDwg9XVEad4FIyCUTAKRhQAABgZZ5hAdXxvAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Makerere University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Allan","middleName":"","lastName":"Komugisa","suffix":""},{"id":489559906,"identity":"26b14a8c-4ac0-4273-9cec-24a7ac1bee76","order_by":1,"name":"Vivian Namboga","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Medical Teams International","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Vivian","middleName":"","lastName":"Namboga","suffix":""},{"id":489559909,"identity":"60d12cef-dfc0-4e5f-884c-09153c20049a","order_by":2,"name":"Michael Jackson Asingwire","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Marwadi University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Michael","middleName":"Jackson","lastName":"Asingwire","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-06-04 09:53:12","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6819006/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6819006/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":87523262,"identity":"243f1b7b-b7e9-4e4f-a81e-6312e1544357","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-24 18:27:48","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":620626,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"MANUSCRIPTTBHIVAIDSAllanEdited.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6819006/v1_covered_6c1879d8-ee5c-45fc-87b9-b6598343c1db.pdf"},{"id":87521660,"identity":"81718658-c9f6-4c65-8dc4-ddbc6a2fdd43","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-24 18:03:46","extension":"docx","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":47959,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"DATACOLLECTIONTOOL.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6819006/v1/d072a1e4471a10f478c1e8bc.docx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Dietary Habits and Nutritional Status of TB/HIV/AIDS Co-Infected Patients Attending the TB Clinic in Kyangwali Health Center: A cross-sectional study","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-nutrition","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"nutn","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Nutrition](http://bmcnutr.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/nutn/default.aspx","title":"BMC Nutrition","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6819006/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6819006/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eTuberculosis (TB) is an airborne disease brought about by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), and it majorly affects the respiratory system of the body, whereas Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The study aimed to investigate the dietary habits and nutritional status and their association with HIV/TB Co-infected individuals attending the TB clinic in Kyangwali Health Center IV.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eA hospital-based cross-sectional design was employed, involving structured face-to-face interviews, dietary assessments, and anthropometric measurements. Quantitative data obtained included anthropometric measurements, dietary diversity score, average income per month, and meal frequency were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS version 24 for statistical relationships. A sample size of 196 participants was determined using Cochran\u0026rsquo;s formula; however, 100 participants were reached due to restricted time for data collection and resources. Various data collection techniques, including anthropometric assessment and the Dietary Diversity Questionnaire, were employed to comprehensively evaluate the nutritional status and dietary habits of TB/HIV Co-infected patients. Ethical considerations were upheld throughout the whole study process.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe mean (SD) age of participants was 41(11), Body Mass Index (BMI) 20.84(5.15), MUAC 24.8(5.0), DDS 4.7(1.77), Meal frequency 2.5(0.67), and Average income per month of shs. 327979(203320). 52% of the participants had a normal nutritional status, whereas 31% were underweight, 12% overweight, and 5% obese. Nutritional status was significantly associated with the average income per month, meal frequency, and Dietary Diversity Score of the patients.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis research yields valuable insights into the interplay between the deadly duo infection, nutritional status, and dietary practices of individuals affected. However, there is a need for further research on the effect of health and nutritional policies on the dietary practices of HIV/TB co-infected patients, especially in regions with high prevalence of Tuberculosis, like refugee settlements.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Dietary Habits and Nutritional Status of TB/HIV/AIDS Co-Infected Patients Attending the TB Clinic in Kyangwali Health Center: A cross-sectional study","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-07-24 17:55:41","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6819006/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-11-03T12:22:51+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-08-12T20:31:05+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-08-06T16:08:01+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"212460054263323369375647942867705802880","date":"2025-07-22T21:33:39+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"8652737889440841160930060586523524036","date":"2025-07-22T12:49:01+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-07-22T12:46:54+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-07-15T11:33:45+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-07-05T16:20:58+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Nutrition","date":"2025-07-05T16:17:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-nutrition","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"nutn","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Nutrition](http://bmcnutr.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/nutn/default.aspx","title":"BMC Nutrition","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"af4b0954-9209-49b3-859d-2319a09c6b23","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 24th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"in-revision","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-30T10:10:14+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-07-24 17:55:41","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6819006","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6819006","identity":"rs-6819006","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}