Bound by Pixels: A Bibliometric Journey (2010- 2024) through Nomophobia

Bound by Pixels: A Bibliometric Journey (2010- 2024) through Nomophobia | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Systematic Review Bound by Pixels: A Bibliometric Journey (2010- 2024) through Nomophobia Sudip Bhattacharya, Alok Singh, Akanksha Singh This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7587735/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Introduction: Nomophobia, short for "NO MObilePHonephoBIA," describes a psychological condition where individuals experience intense anxiety when disconnected from mobile phone connectivity. While termed a "phobia," it is more accurately viewed as an anxiety disorder. Aim: The aim of this bibliometric analysis is to systematically evaluate the research landscape on nomophobia, identifying key trends, influential publications, and major themes within the field. Methodology: In the preliminary planning, search queries were structured around primary terms like "nomophobia" and secondary combinations to expand the literature review. Specific research questions guided the analysis of nomophobia research from 2010 to 2024. Data from Scopus included metadata such as authors, titles, keywords, affiliations, citations, and publication details. This bibliometric analysis, utilizing biblioshiny and VOS viewer, explores trends through three key components: conceptual structure (themes and trends), intellectual structure (author influence), and social structure (collaborations). These were examined using thematic mapping, co-citation, and collaboration networks to highlight achievements and future challenges in the field. Results: Since 2014, nomophobia publications have consistently risen, peaking at 487 in 2023. Medicine (28%) and Psychology (21.2%) are the leading fields. A total of 7,665 authors contributed, with Griffiths, M.D., Elhai, J.D., and Montag, C. leading at 10% of publications. Nottingham Trent University is the top institution, while China, the U.S., the U.K., and Turkey are the most active countries. The top ten journals, including “International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health” and “Frontiers in Psychiatry,” account for one- third of studies. Co-citation analysis identifies “Computers in Human Behavior” as a key journal. China’s National Natural Science Foundation leads in funding, and co-authorship networks show national collaboration trends. Keywords like nomophobia, smartphone addiction, and FOMO are dominant, with recent growth in terms such as social media addiction and adolescents since 2020. Network visualizations highlight Griffiths, M.D., and Elhai, J.D. as central in co-citation, with strong U.S., China, and U.K. international research ties. Psychiatry nomophobia anxiety mental health Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Introduction Nomophobia, short for "NO MObilePHonephoBIA," describes a psychological conditionwhere individuals experience intense anxiety when disconnected from mobile phone connectivity. While termed a "phobia," it is more accurately viewed as an anxiety disorder.(1)The concept of nomophobia aligns with definitions found in the DSM-IV, specifically under "phobias for specific objects." Various psychological factors, such as low self-esteem and extroverted personalities, can contribute to excessive mobile phone use. Other mental disorders, like social anxiety and panic disorder, may also exacerbate nomophobic symptoms. It remains challenging to discern whether nomophobia stems from mobile addiction or if preexisting anxiety disorders manifest as nomophobicbehaviors.(2)The term "nomophobia" was first introduced by the UK Post Office in 2008 in a study conducted by YouGov. This study found that 53% of British mobile users felt anxious when they lost their phones, ran out of battery, or had no network coverage. Additionally, the survey revealed that 58% of men and 47% of women experienced mobile phone-related anxiety, and 9% reported distress when their phones were off. About 55% of participants cited a need to stay connected with loved ones as the primary reason for their anxiety. The stress level associated with this condition was comparable to pre-wedding jitters.(3,4)Research among university students has highlighted the prevalence of nomophobia; for instance, a study found that 23% of male students were classified as nomophobic, while 64% were at risk. More than half of nomophobic individuals reportedly never turn off their phones, reflecting their heightened dependency.(5) The rise of nomophobia is linked to the broader impact of technological advancement on mental health, often referred to as "technophobia." Since the first mobile phones were introduced in 1983, these devices have become deeply embedded in modern life. Research indicates that college students now spend over nine hours daily on their phones, leading to what some describe as the "paradox of technology," offering both freedom and a form of digital enslavement.(6) Studies have shown that heavy phone use among students is associated with lower GPA scores and higher anxiety, likely due to frequent digital distractions. Moreover, social media pressures can heighten stress, leaving little time for solitude, which is essential for mental well- being.(7) Nomophobia symptoms are varied and include anxiety, tremors, sweating, agitation, disorientation, tachycardia, and even respiratory changes. The impact of nomophobia extends to physical and economic aspects, as excessive mobile use may lead to pain in the hands and neck and impose financial strain from high data usage.(8)In India, there are currently no restrictions on mobile phone usage, which may contribute to nomophobia. Policymakers, such as the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), could consider implementing policies to moderate mobile phone use, particularly among young people. Parental encouragement toward outdoor activities and direct social engagement, along with mental health education, could help mitigate nomophobic tendencies.For those with nomophobia, interventions include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and, in severe cases, medications like Tranylcypromine and Clonazepam. CBT helps reinforce autonomy by encouraging activities outside of phone use, while medications can alleviate symptoms associated with anxiety. A "settings-based" approach is also recommended for prevention, where peers or supervisors identify those at risk and refer them for counselling.Nomophobia exemplifies how modern reliance on mobile connectivity can impact social and mental health, leading to a reduction in face-to-face interactions and contributing to "techno-stress." This digital dependence can even lead to symptoms of social anxiety and, in severe cases, depression.To our knowledge, bibliometric study on nomophobia is limited. A bibliometric analysis of nomophobia is vital to understanding the scope, impact, and evolution of research on this growing psychological concern. As mobile phone dependency rises, especially among youth, nomophobia increasingly affects mental health and social interactions. Research on the topic is scattered across psychology, psychiatry, public health, and education, underscoring the need for a systematic mapping to identify key studies, authors, and themes. Analyzing citation patterns and collaborative networks will reveal the interdisciplinary nature of this research, enhancing knowledge consolidation, guiding research priorities, and informing interventions and policies to address nomophobia’s impact. Aim and objective The aim of this bibliometric analysis is to systematically evaluate the research landscape on nomophobia, identifying key trends, influential publications, and major themes within the field. Methodology Preliminary-Planning Searching queries were pinpointed and organised in the preliminary planning stage, as illustrated in Table 1. These queries were divided into two categories Primary search terms. Secondary search terms-Combinations of terms related to nomophobia The primary search terms encompassed "nomophobia",and the secondary search terms included " Combinations of terms related to nomophobia. A subset of crucial search queries and their combinations were chosen based on their relevance to nomophobia research.We broadened our literature review to encompass combinations of key search terms related to nomophobia.Moreover, specific research questions, outlined in Table 2, were formulated to provide a comprehensive overview of the knowledge structure and the bibliometric and statistical methods used to evaluate nomophobiaresearch from 2010 to 2024. Table 1: List of Keywords used Table 2: Mapping of Research questions with knowledge structure, bibliometric and statistical technique Sl No Research Questions Knowledge structure covered Bibliometric techniques 1. What are the publishing trends of the research publication in nomophobia research? Intellectual structure Annual Scientific Production. 2. Who are the most contributing authors, journals, organisations, funding agencies and countries and cited papers in nomophobia research? Intellectual structure Three field plots, Most relevant Authors, Organisations, journal, funding agencies, Co-citation of author, journal and references 3. What are the publication patterns and most frequently used keywords of the articles published in nomophobiaresearch? Conceptual structure Network Analysis, Thematic mapping, and Thematic evolution and trending topics. 4. What are the collaboration networks in nomophobiaresearch? Social structure Authors collaboration network, Institution collaboration network, and Country Collaboration network 5. What are the thematic trends of the Application of nomophobiaresearch? Conceptual structure Thematic mapping, Thematic Evolution. 6. What are the main open areas of challenges and the corresponding solutions for future research work in nomophobia. Conceptual structure Thematic mapping, Thematic evolution, and Factorial analysis Data collection During the data collection phase, we systematically searched academic articles in the SCOPUS core collection from January 1, 2010, to Oct 31, 2024, focusing on nomophobia research. The keywords employed for data retrieval are listed in Table 1. Additionally, English- language research articles and review papers were included in the study. This search yielded 2234 academic publications from SCOPUS for analysis. Data refinement During the data refinement stage, we filtered the publications obtained from Scopus using specific exclusion criteria. We excluded books, editorials, letters, conference papers, and non- English academic works from our systematic bibliometric review. After this initial filtering, we removed duplicates from the remaining list of 4090 publications, resulting in a final total of 2234 articles.(Fig 1) Data extraction We extracted metadata from Scopus in the form of a CSV bibliographic information file. The exported data included: (a) authors/editors, (b) full names of authors, (c) titles, (d) sources, (e) authors’ keywords, (f) keywords plus, (g) abstracts, (h) authors' affiliations, (i) corresponding authors' affiliations, (j) cited references, (k) total citations, (l) highly cited papers, (m) usage counts, (n) publication years, (o) DOIs, (p) subject categories, (q) author identifiers, (r) languages, and (s) funding agencies. Bibliometric analysis Bibliometric analysis serves as an objective method for researchers to catalogue, access, and evaluate extensive collections of publications, offering a detailed overview of recent trends in scientific literature within a specific field or research area. In this research, we conduct a bibliometric analysis of publications concerning nomophobia research from 2010 to 2024, addressing the six primary questions presented in Table 2. We employed biblioshiny and Vos viewer for bibliometric data analysis to illustrate publication patterns and research trends in applying telemedicine to mental health. Furthermore, we aim to statistically investigate and evaluate the scientific knowledge structure through this bibliometric analysis. The fundamental knowledge framework of a research field comprises three components: Conceptual structure : Central themes and trends in the literature of a specific research area. Intellectual structure : The impact of an author's work within the scientific community. Social structure : Interactions among authors, institutions, and countries. Initially, the conceptual structure is examined statistically using thematic mapping and co- occurrence networks. Subsequently, the intellectual knowledge structure is evaluated through co-citation network analysis. Lastly, the social knowledge structure is scrutinised based on the collaboration network and collaboration world map. By analysing these conceptual, intellectual, and social structures, we aim to comprehend the knowledge framework of nomophobia over the past decades. This analysis will highlight current achievements and identify future challenges in nomophobia. Results Annual publications and trends The data in Figure 2 demonstrates a clear upward trajectory in nomophobia-related publications beginning around 2014. Prior to this year, annual publication counts fluctuated between 3 and 7. From 2014 onward, however, a steady annual increase is evident, with 2019 marking a period of exponential growth, suggesting that this field has transitioned into a phase of accelerated research activity. The peak was reached in 2023, with 487 publications indicating substantial academic interest and engagement in nomophobia research during this period. The pie chart in Figure 3 presents the distribution of nomophobia-related research across various academic fields. The majority of studies are concentrated in Medicine, accounting for 28.0% of the total research output, followed by Psychology at 21.2%. Other notable contributions come from Social Sciences (11.7%), Computer Science (6.8%), and Environmental Science (4.5%). Additional fields include Neuroscience (3.7%), Arts and Humanities (3.4%), Business, Management, and Accounting (3.3%), Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmaceutics (3.0%), and Multidisciplinary studies (2.2%). Research classified as 'Other' represents 12.2%. This analysis underscores Medicine as the primary focus within nomophobia research Analysis of most relevant authors A total of 7,665 authors have contributed to research on nomophobia, with the top 10 authors publishing 12 or more papers each. Table 3 highlights these leading contributors, who collectively produced 225 publications, representing 10% of the total submissions. Among them, Griffiths, M.D., from Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom, was the most prolific author, with 44 publications and 3,658 citations. He was followed by Elhai, J.D. from the University of Toledo, United States (38 publications, 3,097 citations), and Montag, C. from Universität Ulm, Germany (33 publications, 1,356 citations). The study Motivational, Emotional, and Behavioural Correlates of Fear of Missing Out by Przybylski, Andrew K., et al., from the Department of Psychology, University of Essex, United Kingdom, received the highest citation count, with 1,643 citations.(9) The top 10 authors represent a diverse range of countries, including the United Kingdom, China, the United States, Italy, Germany, Sweden, and Taiwan. Table 3: Most productive authors Author Name Country To tal Citations Documents Griffiths, M.D. Nottingham Trent University in Nottingham, United Kingdom 3658 44 Elhai, J.D. The University of Toledo, Toledo, United States 3097 38 Montag, C. Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany 1356 33 Lin, C.Y. National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan 1135 22 Yang, H. Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China 1077 17 Pakpour, A.H. Jönköping University, Jonkoping, Sweden 872 16 Rozgonjuk, D. Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany 782 15 Wang, P. Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China 553 15 Casale, S. UniversitàdegliStudi di Firenze, Florence, Italy 530 13 Mei, Songli Jilin University, Changchun, China 500 12 Total Number of Documents 225 Analysis of the Organisations The study analyzed contributions from a total of 5,865 distinct institutions, with the top ten contributing 373 publications. Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom, led with 61 publications, followed by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (48 publications) and the University of Toledo, United States (40 publications). Other major contributors included Beijing Normal University, China, with 39 publications; Universität Ulm, Germany, with 38 publications; and the College of Medicine and Life Sciences, United States, with 37 publications. Further notable institutions included Tianjin Normal University, China, contributing 32 publications; Central China Normal University, China, with 30 publications; Renmin University of China, China, with 26 publications; and Shenzhen University, with 22 publications (Table 4). Overall, the top ten institutions accounted for 16.6% of the total publications. Figure4 presents a three-field plot diagram depicting the patterns of author contributions across various topics and journals. Table 4: Top Contributing Organisations Affiliation Country Documents Nottingham Trent University United Kingdom 61 Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China China 48 The University of Toledo United States 40 Beijing Normal University China 39 Universität Ulm Germany 38 College of Medicine and Life Sciences United States 37 Tianjin Normal University China 32 Central China Normal University China 30 Renmin University of China China 26 Shenzhen University China 22 Total Number of Documents 373 Analysis of Country Scientific Production Table 5 presents the ten leading countries contributing to nomophobia-related research, detailing the total number of publications in this domain by each country. From 2010 to 2024, only China, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Turkey have produced more than 150 publications on nomophobia. China ranks highest in scientific output, with 614 publications, followed by the United States (n = 362), the United Kingdom (n = 184), and Turkey (n = 166). Table 5: Top Contributing Countries Country Documents China 614 United States 362 United Kingdom 184 Turkey 166 India 130 Italy 123 South Korea 120 Germany 110 Spain 105 Australia 90 Total Documents 2004 Most preferred Journal A total of 1163 academic journals have published research articles on nomophobia related research article. The Ten most active journals accounted for 671 out of 2234 papers, contributing 30 % of the total publications (Table 6). The International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Healthled with 141 articles, followed by Frontiers In Psychiatry(82), Addictive Behaviors(69), Computers In Human Behavior(69) and Current Psychology(64). Other significant contributors were Frontiers In Psychology(62), Plos One(56), Journal Of Behavioral Addictions(51), BMC Psychiatry(46), and Journal Of Affective Disorders(31) (Table 6).Bradford's Law suggests that a small number of journals are central to a specific research field. As illustrated in Figure 5, the ten journals highlighted in Table 6 form this core group, accounting for approximately one-third of the entire collection's documents. Table 6 provides details about the country, quartile, and H index, as well asdocuments from the top ten periodicals, each contributing more than 30 articles to our bibliographic collection. The Journal Computers In Human Behaviorhas been a leading publisher on nomophobia from 2012 to 2018. The International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health was the leading publisher on this topic from 2020 to 2022.it lost its dominance in the year 2023. It was overtaken by the journal Addictive Behaviors , Current Psychology and Frontiers In Psychology(Figure 6). Table 6: Most prolific journals Journals Country Quartile H index Documents International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health Switzerland Q2 198 141 Frontiers In Psychiatry Switzerland Q1 144 82 Addictive Behaviors United Kingdom Q1 149 69 Computers In Human Behavior United Kingdom Q1 251 69 Current Psychology United States 59 64 Frontiers In Psychology Switzerland Q2 184 62 Plos One United States Q1 435 56 Journal Of Behavioral Addictions Hungary Q1 81 51 BMC Psychiatry United Kingdom Q1 137 46 Journal Of Affective Disorders Netherlands Q1 281 31 Total 671 Analysis of the Highly cited research publications in telemedicine and Mental Health Table 7 presents the ten most frequently cited publications in the domain of nomophobia research from 2010 to 2024. The highest locally cited publication, with a total of 1,643 citations, is Motivational, Emotional, and Behavioral Correlates of Fear of Missing Out , authored by Andrew K. Przybylski et al. from the Department of Psychology, University of Essex, UK, and published in Computers in Human Behavior .(9) The second most impactful study, with 905 citations, is Students under Lockdown: Comparisons of Students' Social Networks and Mental Health Before and during the COVID-19 Crisis in Switzerland , authored by Timon Elmer et al. and published in PLoS ONE in 2020.(10) Further significant contributions include JoëlBillieux et al.'s Can Disordered Mobile Phone Use Be Considered a Behavioral Addiction? An Update on Current Evidence and a Comprehensive Model for Future Research , which accumulated 729 citations, and Social Networking Sites and Addiction: Ten Lessons Learned by Novak, Iona et al., which garnered 991 citations.(11)(12) The citation details and additional insights on these influential publications are available in Table 7. Table 7: Highly cited research publications on nomophobia. Active Funding Agencies Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out.(9) 2013 Computers Behavior in Human 1643 10.1016/j.chb.20 13.02.014 Students under lockdown: Comparisons of students' social networks and mental health before and during the COVID-19 10.1371/journal. crisis in Switzerland.(10) 2020 PLoS ONE 905 pone.0236337 Can Disordered Mobile Phone Use Be Considered a Behavioral Addiction? An Update on Current Evidence and a Comprehensive Model for Future Current Addiction 10.1007/s40429- Research.(11) 2015 Reports 729 015-0054-y Social networking sites and addiction: International Journal of Ten lessons learned.(12)14-11-2024 Environmental Research 10.3390/ijerph14 12:35:00 2017 and Public Health 666 030311 An investigation of mental health status of children and adolescents in China during Journal of Affective 10.1016/j.jad.20 the outbreak of COVID-19.(13) 2020 Disorders 665 20.06.029 Online social media fatigue and psychological wellbeing—A study of compulsive use, fear of missing out, International Journal of 10.1016/j.ijinfom fatigue, anxiety and depression.(14) 2018 Information Management 581 gt.2018.01.012 Fear of missing out, need for touch, anxiety and depression are related to Computers in Human 10.1016/j.chb.20 problematic smartphone use.(15) 2016 Behavior 566 16.05.079 The dark side of social networking sites: An exploration of the relational and psychological stressors associated with Facebook use and affordances.(16) 2015 Computers in Human Behavior 520 10.1016/j.chb.20 14.11.083 Extraversion, neuroticism, attachment style and fear of missing out as predictors Personality and 10.1016/j.paid.2 of social media use and addiction.(17) 2017 Individual Differences 496 017.04.039 No more FOMO: Limiting social media decreases loneliness and depression.(18) 2018 Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 488 10.1521/jscp.20 18.37.10.751 In the review of 2,234 articles, 427 studies received funding from the top 10 contributing organizations. The National Natural Science Foundation of China emerged as the leading sponsor, supporting 121 studies on nomophobia. Other significant contributors included the National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences (China, n =61), the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China ( n =48), the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China ( n =41), and the National Institutes of Health (United States, n =33). Additional support came from the Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan, n =30), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China, n =27), National Research Foundation of Korea (South Korea, n =25), German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) (Germany, n =22), and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (United States, n =26). Notably, five of the top ten funding organizations were based in China (Table 8). Table 8: top funding bodies B. Conceptual knowledge structure analysis Analysis of the Keywords In this part of our study, we employed keyword and co-occurrence analyses to explore the latest research trends in assistive devices, assistive technology and disability. Our objective is to pinpoint research gaps and predict future directions in this domain.The primary keywords are illustrated in Figure 7, with "fear of missing out" (403 occurrences) being the most frequent, followed by " nomophobia" (264 occurrences), "smartphone addiction" (224 occurrences), "mobile phone addiction" (214 occurrences), and "smartphone" (178 occurrences) “problematic smartphone use” (176 occurrences), “FOMO” (169 occurrences), “depression” (158 occurrences),anxiety(148 occurrences),social media(144 occurrences), adolescents (143 occurrences), addiction (100 occurrence). The relationship between assistive devices, assistive technology and disability research is also depicted using the cumulative occurrence graph in Figure 8. This graph shows a progressive increase in the annual occurrence of the author’s keywords related to assistive devices, assistive technology and disability. Authors keywords such as FEAR OF MISSING OUT, NOMOPHOBIA, SMARTPHONE ADDICTION, MOBILE PHONE ADDICTION, SMARTPHONE, PROBLEMATIC SMARTPHONE USE, FOMO, DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, SOCIAL MEDIA and these termshave exhibited more dynamic growth compared to others. The comparison between the author’s main keyword cumulative occurrence since the year 2010and 2024 (Table 9)shows that the main author keywords have increased significantly, indicating trending or popular research topics in the field, growing interest or emerging trends in that topic. The graph highlights the shifts in research focus. Furthermore, we analysed the co-occurrence of authors’ keywords using Vos Viewer. The co- occurrence network helps understand the thematic areas of the research field and identify the most critical and current issues. It also provides insights into the evolution of these issues over time. We extracted 26 out of 3955 Authors’ Keywords with a frequency of 50 or more for co- occurrence analysis in Vos viewer to explore trends and hotspots in the field of research (Figure 9).The results of the co-occurrence network analysis are presented in Table 10.The visual representations classify keywords into five clusters, as shown in Table 10. Table 9: Authors keyword and its occurrences Authors Keywords Year 2010 2024 FEAR OF MISSING OUT 0 403 NOMOPHOBIA 0 263 SMARTPHONE ADDICTION 0 224 MOBILE PHONE ADDICTION 0 214 SMARTPHONE 0 178 PROBLEMATIC SMARTPHONE USE 0 176 FOMO 0 169 DEPRESSION 0 158 ANXIETY 1 148 SOCIAL MEDIA 0 144 Table 1 0 Details of keywords in different clusters of network co-occurrence of authors’ keywords and key theme. Cluster /no of /Colour number Items Keywords of the clusters Key Theme Cluster 1 (9 items) Red Colour fear of missing out, fear of missing out (FOMO) FOMO, internet addiction, phubbing, smartphone addiction, social media, social media addiction, university students Digital dependency and its psychological impacts on university students. Cluster 2 (8 items) green Adolescents, college students covid-19,loneliness,mental health, mobile phone addiction, problematic smartphone, sleep quality Impact of COVID-19 on adolescent mental health, with a focus on loneliness, smartphone addiction, and sleep quality in college students Cluster 3 (6 items) Blue Addiction, internet, smartphone, students mobile phone, nomophobia, Digital Addiction Students and its Impact on Cluster 4 (3 items) Yellow Anxiety, depression, stress Mental health and emotional well-being Thematic Map The thematic development of keywords from 2010 to 2024 is examined using the keyword thematic map and Sankey diagram presented in Figure 10.Analysing the thematic map helps researchers to understand the current landscape of their field, identify key themes, and explore areas that need further investigation. The map divides these themes into four quadrants based on two axes. Centrality (X-axis) Indicates the importance or relevance of the theme in the overall research field, and Density (Y-axis) Indicates the theme's internal development, i.e., how well-developed and mature the theme is. The Upper-Right Quadrant (Motor Themes) is related to High Centrality and High Density. These themes are both important and well-developed. They play a significant role in structuring the research field and are actively developed, serving as "motor" themes.They include themes such as mobile phone addiction,problematic smartphone use, and college students. Upper-Left Quadrant (Niche Themes) is related to Low Centrality and high Density. These themes are well-developed but not central to the overall research field. They often represent specialised or niche topics that are mature but not crucial to the broad field.it includes themes such as bitcoin, cryptocurrency, validity and reliability. The lower-Right Quadrant (Basic and Transversal Themes) is related to High Centrality and low Density. These themes are important but underdeveloped. They represent foundational or emerging areas that have relevance across various subfields but require further development. It includes themes likeFOMO, Nomophobia, smartphone addiction, Social media and loneliness. The lower-Left Quadrant (Emerging or Declining Themes) is related to Low Centrality and low Density.These themes are neither well- developed nor important to the overall research field. They could represent either emerging themes that are yet to gain attention or declining themes that are losing relevance including themes like psychometric properties and scale development.(Figure 11) Trending Topics We focused on three keywords appearing at least five times each year to analyse the trending topics. Since 2010, approximately 22 keywords have shown notable increases in frequency. Figure 12 illustrates the occurrence trends, highlighting keywords such as Sensation seeking,college student,non-surgical self-injury,FOMO,social media addiction,nomophobia,mobile or smartphone addiction,adolescents,addictionand social networking sites gaining prominence in 2020-24. This suggests that these research areas are currently receiving considerable attention and may reflect emerging assistive devices, assistive technology and disabilityresearch trends. The time zone view of trending topics revealed that from 2010-2020, themes like mobile phone use, high school students, psychology, Facebook addiction dependency, panic and mobile phone problematic use had been in focus, but after 2004, a theme like Sensation seeking, college student, non-surgical self-injury, FOMO, social media addiction, nomophobia, mobile or smartphone addiction, adolescents, addiction and social networking sites have gained significant attention in the field which is likely to remain focal points in future research in nomophobia.(Figure-12) C. Analysis of Intellectual knowledge structure. Analysis of co-cited authors Co-cited authors network analysis refers to examining relationships between authors based on how often they are cited together in the same documents. This visualisation or map shows the relationships between authors based on their co-citation frequency. It helps identify groups or clusters of authors who are frequently referenced together, often indicating that they contribute to similar research areas or themes. In VOS viewer, these clusters of co-cited authors may represent specific research fields or topics. Authors within the same cluster are likely to have influenced each other or contributed to a shared body of knowledge. Co-cited authors network analysis can be used to identify leading scholars, influential research collaborations, or emerging trends in a particular academic discipline. Each author's publication is shown in a circle and denoted by the author’s name. The colour of a publication shows the cluster to which the author’s publication belongs. The size of each node in the graph represents the number of citations an author has received, with larger nodes corresponding to higher citation counts and greater influence. (Fig 13) Griffiths, M.D. leads with 2265 co-citations, followed by Elhai, J.D..j ,Billieux, J. , Montag, C., Brand, M.,with 1934, 1176, 1080and 1026 co-citations, respectively (Table 11).Of 134587 authors, using 226 as a minimum number of citations, 100 met the threshold. The top 10 co- cited authors amassed over 6081 co-citations, underscoring their significant impact on assistive devices, assistive technology and disability-related research. Table 11: Top 10 Co-cited authors in the field nomophobia Author Co Citations Total Link Strength Griffiths, M.D. 2265 86735 Elhai, J.D. 1934 88403 Billieux, J. 1176 43586 Montag, C. 1080 50623 Brand, M. 1026 47235 Hall, B.J. 905 41312 Kuss, D.J. 852 35001 Levine, J.C 830 37267 Wegmann, E. 723 34555 Gladwell, V. 685 19856 Total Co Citations 11 476 Analysis of co-cited journals Co-cited journal network analysis investigates the relationships between journals based on the frequency with which they are cited together in scholarly papers. Co-citation occurs when two journals are referenced in the same document, reflecting shared relevance in a particular context. This analysis visualizes journals as nodes in a network, with co-citation strength represented by edges connecting these nodes. Clusters of frequently co-cited journals suggest shared research areas or disciplinary connections, aiding in the identification of core journals, disciplinary relationships, interdisciplinary trends, and emerging research fronts. A higher number of co-citations indicates a stronger relationship between journals, represented in network visualizations by shorter node distances and thicker connecting lines.(Figure 14) Notably, three journals in Table 5 have been co-cited over 550 times. Out of 31,315 sources, 38 met the threshold for inclusion, with a minimum of 250 citations per source. Figure 6 identifies the three core journals in the field as Computers in Human Behavior (Q1, H- index=251), PLOS ONE (Q1, H-index=435), and the Journal of Behavioral Addictions (Q1, H- index=81).(Table 12 ) Table 12: Top 10 Co-cited journals in the field of nomophobia Source Co-Citations Total Link Strength Quartile Subject Area Computers In Human Behavior 5865 96256 Q1 Computer Science Plos One 2164 33173 Q1 Multidisciplinary Studies Journal Of Behavioral Addictions 1138 26892 Q1 Medicine and Psychology Addictive Behaviors 995 26157 Q1 Medicine and Psychology Personality And Individual Differences 980 24204 Q1 Psychology International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 894 20535 Q2 Environmental Science and Medicine Journal Of Behavioral Addictions 830 13139 Q1 Medicine and Psychology BMC Psychiatry 735 13538 Q1 Medicine and Psychology Frontiers In Psychology 585 14651 Q2 Psychology Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking 554 13612 Q1 Medicine and Psychology Analysis of co-cited references Co-cited reference network analysis visualises a research field's intellectual structure by showing which references are frequently cited together, reflecting thematic relationships within the literature.(2) In co-cited reference network analysis, nodes represent the references, and the links (edges) between them represent how frequently they are co-cited. A dense cluster of nodes in such a network suggests that the references in that cluster are often co-cited together, implying a close intellectual relationship or a thematic similarity. Groups of studies that are frequently cited together could reveal key themes, methodologies, or theories in a specific domain. (3) Highly co-cited references often indicate foundational or highly influential works in a particular research area. Our analysis reveals that these ten articles primarily focus on four main research themes. (1) Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and Social Media ; (2) Psychological Factors and Personality Traits ; (3) Mental Health and Problematic Smartphone Use; and (4) Frameworks and Diagnostic Tools. (Table 13, Figure 15). Table 13: Top 10 references in the field of nomophobia Research from 2010 to 2024 Sl.No Cited Article Citations Total Link Strength 1. Motivational, Emotional, and Behavioral Correlates of Fear of Missing Out 280 763 2. Negative consequences from heavy social networking in adolescents: The mediating role of fear of missing out 136 554 3. Fear of missing out, need for touch, anxiety and depression are related to problematic smartphone use. 128 514 4. Extraversion, neuroticism, attachment style and fear of missing out as predictors of social media use and addiction. 111 437 5. A conceptual and methodological critique of internet addiction research: Towards a model of compensatory internet use. 91 291 6. Problematic smartphone use: A conceptual overview and systematic review of relations with anxiety and depression psychopathology 82 334 7. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR) 79 64 8. Relationship of smartphone use severity with sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students 76 209 9. Problematic smartphone use and relations with negative affect, fear of missing out, and fear of negative and positive evaluation 71 362 10. Can Disordered Mobile Phone Use Be Considered a Behavioral Addiction? An Update on Current Evidence and a Comprehensive Model for Future Research 67 259 D. Analysis of Social Knowledge Structure. Authors’ collaboration network analysis VOS viewer software was employed to map and visualise the relationships between authors based on their co-authored publications. This type of analysis helps researchers understand patterns of academic collaboration, such as which authors frequently work together and how these collaborations form larger clusters of research groups. Each node in the network represents an author. The lines connecting the nodes represent co-authorship relationships, where two authors have worked on one or more publications together. Authors who frequently collaborate with each other are grouped into clusters, which are typically represented by different colours. These clusters reflect collaborative research teams or communities. The size of each node indicates the author's productivity, often based on the number of publications. The thickness of the lines (edges) between authors can indicate the strength of collaboration, i.e., how many times two authors have co-published. This type of analysis is valuable for identifying influential researchers, key collaboration networks, and potential gaps or opportunities for new collaborations in a specific field of study. Choosing ten as a minimum number of documents,out of 7665 authors,20 met the threshold. Fig 16 and Table 14 highlight the co-authorship between them. Table 14:Details of Authors in different clusters of co-authorship network. Cluster Number, Items and Colour Authors Cluster 1 (5 items),Red Elhai, J.D., Liu, T., Montag, C., Rozgonjuk, D., Yang, H., Cluster 2 (4 items),Green Demetrovics, Z., Griffiths, M.D.,Kuss, D.J., Mei, S., Cluster 3 (3 item),Blue Lin, C.Y., Pakpour, A.H., Potenza, M.N., Cluster 4 (3 item),Yellow Lei, L., Wang, P., Zhang, G. Institution collaboration network analysis VOS viewer software was employed to visualise co-authorship between institutions, helping to identify collaborative networks and track their evolution over time. The analysis focused on institutions that produced ten or more papers, with the results presented in Figure 17. In this visualisation, node size represented publication volume, links depicted co-authorship connections, and node colours indicated distinct clusters.From the 5865 organisations, a minimum number of documents was chosen for seven institutions that met the threshold and were included in the analysis. Instead of analysing individual authors, this approach aggregates data at the institutional level, focusing on how organisations collaborate with one another based on their authors’ co-authored papers.The network shows organisations as nodes, with the connections (or edges) representing co-authorship ties. The more papers institutions co-author, the stronger the link between them in the network. The findings suggest that inter-institutional collaborations predominantly occur within national borders. Institutions with higher publication outputs tended to collaborate more frequently with others, indicating that fostering institutional partnerships could enhance the quality and quantity of research outputs.(Table 15) Table 15: Details of organisations in different clusters of institution collaboration network analysis. Cluster Number, Items and Colour Organisation Cluster 1,5 Items, red), Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, USA (Document=8, Citations=348 and Total link strength=25) Connecticut Mental Health Center (Document=7, Citations=294 and Total link strength=23) Department of nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University Document=10, Citations=563 and Total link strength=27) Department of occupational therapy ,school of medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital (Document=8, Citations=239 and Total link strength=25) Institute of allied health science , school of medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital (Document=8, Citations= 239 and Total link strength=25) Cluster 2,5 Items (green) Department of molecular psychology, Universität Ulm (Document=19, Citations=793 and Total link strength=19) Department of psychiatary,The University of Toledo(Document=16, Citations=1774 and Total link strength=24) Department of psychology,The University of Toledo (Document=15, Citations= 1089 and Total link strength=23) Institute of mathematics and statistics, Tartu University(Document=8, Citations=344 and Total link strength=9) Institute of psychology ,elteEotvoslorand university (Document=7, Citations=20 and Total link strength=4) Cluster 3, 3 Items Psychology Department, University of Nottingham (Document=19, Citations=1112 and Total link strength=24) School of humanities and social science, Gannan Medical College (Document=7, Citations= 270and Total link strength=8) School of public health,Jilin University (Document=7, Citations= 245 and Total link strength=8) Countries Collaboration network analysis The visualization of international research collaboration, featuring countries with a minimum productivity of 50 publications, is presented in Fig.18 each node represents a country, with node size indicating its publication volume or contribution level. Links between nodes depict collaborative relationships, where thicker links denote stronger or more frequent partnerships. The map reveals 22 countries organized into three clusters, each distinguished by a unique color. The analysis underscores that the United States has the strongest collaborative network (link strength = 260), followed by China (link strength = 192), the United Kingdom (link strength = 184), Germany (link strength = 83), Italy (link strength = 64), and Australia (link strength = 72). The line thickness between countries reflects the intensity of their collaboration. Countries within the same color cluster share closer research ties, as detailed in Table 16. Table 16: Details of country in different clusters of country collaboration network map Cluster Number, Items and Colour Country Cluster 1, (4 items), Red Australia, Canada, India, Saudi Arabia Cluster 2, (4 items), Green Italy, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom Cluster 3, (4 item), Blue Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Taiwan Cluster 4, (4 item), Blue China, Germany, South Korea, United States Discussion The bibliometric analysis was aimed to systematically evaluate the research landscape on nomophobia, identifying key trends, influential publications, and major themes within the field. The results reveal a marked increase in research on nomophobia, especially after 2014, marking a turning point where publication rates shifted from relatively low and stable to consistent growth. The exponential rise that began in 2019 underscores a transition to intensified scholarly engagement, with 2023 witnessing the highest number of publications. This growth pattern signals that nomophobia has become a significant topic in behavioural and psychological studies, driven by increasing awareness of mobile technology's impact on mental health.A study conducted by Manu et al. highlights that nomophobia is an emerging mental health condition, especially in male adolescents, and it is significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and poor quality of life.(19) The distribution of research across fields shows that Medicine and Psychology are central to nomophobia studies, collectively contributing almost half of the total research output. This dominance reflects the intersection of nomophobia with health-related disciplines, particularly given its association with mental well-being and addiction-like symptoms. The study conducted by Mirza et al. underscores the need to address smartphone addiction and nomophobia as significant public health and social issues. With the rise of smartphone dependency, the implications for mental health and social interactions are profound, necessitating targeted interventions and awareness programs to mitigate their impact on individual lifestyles and societal well-being.(20) Social Sciences and Computer Science, though smaller in contribution, represent crucial complementary fields that focus on societal impacts and technological aspects of mobile dependency. The presence of research in Environmental Science, Neuroscience, and even Arts and Humanities illustrates the multidisciplinary reach of nomophobia, with implications ranging from neural responses to social and environmental factors. Among the leading researchers, a small group has emerged as highly influential in advancing the field, with Griffiths, Elhai, and Montag making significant contributions both in terms of publication volume and citation impact. This elite group represents a geographically diverse set of institutions, reflecting international interest and collaboration in this research area. Their contributions, particularly in widelycited studies exploring psychological and behavioural dimensions of nomophobia, have laid a foundation for future investigations into its causes, effects, and interventions. Griffiths et al., in their highest cited paper,highlighted the lack of validity of the behavioural addiction model applied to PMPU (Problematic mobile phone use),and the study also demonstrated that PMPU is a heterogeneous and multi-faceted condition.(11) The most influential paper by Elhai et al. demonstrated that fear of missing out, the need for touch, anxiety and depression are related to problematic smartphone use and the highest cited paper.(15) Montag et al., in their highest-cited paper “How to overcome taxonomical problems in the study of Internet use disorders and what to do with “smartphone addiction”.(21) Institutional contributions show that a select few organizations, including Nottingham Trent University and prominent Chinese institutions, play a pivotal role in advancing research. These institutions have led through high publication counts, with strong national networks of collaboration. The predominance of Chinese institutions among the top contributors indicates a concentrated interest and funding support for nomophobia studies in that country, likely driven by the scale and scope of mobile technology use and its social effects. The country-level analysis identifies China and the United States as the primary contributors, with substantial collaborative networks connecting them to other nations.China and the United States are leading contributors to research on mental health issues, driven by both nations’ recognition of mental health as a critical public health concern and their substantial investments in mental health research and services. In China, recent policy initiatives, such as the “Healthy China 2030” plan, emphasize mental health as a national priority, resulting in increased funding for mental health research and infrastructure, especially in response to a growing prevalence of mental health disorders among youth and older adults. The U.S. similarly prioritizes mental health through federal agencies like the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), which funds extensive research into mental health conditions, treatments, and prevention strategies. Collaborative research projects between these countries are further motivated by shared challenges, including the rising incidence of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. Moreover, the recent COVID-19 pandemic heightened awareness of mental health globally, prompting joint research initiatives and data-sharing agreements. The availability of digital tools and telemedicine platforms has also facilitated collaborative mental health research, allowing researchers in both countries to reach diverse populations, test interventions, and share findings in real-time, strengthening their roles as central players in advancing global mental health research. The collaborative strength between countries indicates a shared research agenda on nomophobia, particularly among nations with advanced research infrastructures and widespread mobile technology adoption. This international cooperation suggests that nomophobia, while culturally nuanced, is recognized as a global phenomenon with shared academic and practical concerns.One of the influential papers by Wolniewicz et al. is an example of a country's collaborative output on a common agenda of nomophobia.(22) In terms of publication venues, a small group of journals has become the central repository for nomophobia research, supporting Bradford’s Law, which posits that a core of journals accounts for the majority of publications in any research domain. Key journals like “Computers in Human Behavior”,“PLOS ONE”, and the “Journal of Behavioral Addictions” serve as primary sources for disseminating research on mobile phone addiction and related psychological impacts. The concentration of nomophobia studies in these journals underscores the importance of behavioural and social science platforms in facilitating discourse on technology-induced stress and addiction. Keyword analysis reveals a thematic evolution in nomophobia research, with terms like "fear of missing out" (FoMO), "smartphone addiction," and "problematic smartphone use" gaining prominence. This shift reflects growing concerns around mental health outcomes linked to mobile dependency, such as anxiety, depression, and social media addiction. The rising prominence of keywords related to adolescents, addiction, and social networking signals that researchers are increasingly focused on vulnerable populations and the pervasive influence of social media platforms. A study conducted by Mehmet et al. highlights that there was an increase in the prevalence of Nomophobia and Smartphone Addiction during the COVID-19 due to home confinement and restricted activities to curb the virus’s spread.(23,24) Today, many young adults leave home for college or work, and both parents and children often rely on excessive mobile phone use to maintain a sense of security and social control. However, this use creates a paradox: despite being in the same room, children are virtually unsupervised, freely connecting with peers online. This constant connectivity fosters an "over- connection syndrome," where excessive mobile phone use diminishes face-to-face interactions and weakens family and social bonds. This condition aligns with "techno-stress," a term describing individuals who avoid in-person interaction, often leading to isolation and, eventually, depression.(1) Co-occurrence analysis of keywords further illustrates clustering within this field, with major themes encompassing mobile addiction, psychological effects, and social media use. This is may be due to those themes are interlinked with common mental health conditions, nomophobia may act as a proxy for other disorders, making its diagnosis challenging. Certain mental disorders can trigger nomophobia and vice versa, creating complexities for both family members and physicians, as nomophobia shares symptoms with other conditions. Therefore, it should be diagnosed by exclusion.(1) The thematic analysis highlights distinct clusters, indicating that nomophobia research is diversifying. Central themes like mobile addiction and problematic smartphone use are well- developed, while topics such as FoMO and loneliness remain foundational but are growing in significance. Less developed areas, including studies on psychometric properties and scale development,are either emerging or declining in relevance, underscoring the need for robust measurement tools to further solidify this field's empirical foundations. The limited development of psychometric properties and scale creation in nomophobia research is due to the field's recent emergence and the rapid evolution of technology, which often outpaces the creation of standardized tools. Early studies focused more on central themes, such as mobile addiction, than on measurement development. Cultural and individual differences further complicate the creation of universally applicable scales, as perceptions of nomophobia vary.(25) Consequently, psychometric validation is now gaining attention to ensure reliable tools that reflect nomophobia’s complexity across populations.(26) Analysis of trending topics identifies mobile addiction, social networking, and psychological factors as focal points in recent research, suggesting a shift toward examining deeper social and mental health implications of nomophobia. This trend reflects a broadening in scope from merely identifying nomophobia as an issue to investigating its societal impacts and underlying psychological drivers. Systematic literature by Sohn et al. highlighted that PSU (problematic smartphone use ) was reported in approximately one in every four CYP(children and young people) and accompanied by increased odds of poorer mental health conditions like depression, increased anxiety and higher perceived stress and poor sleep quality.(27) Co-cited author analysis identifies influential scholars and collaborative clusters within the field. The frequent co-citation of researchers like Griffiths and Elhai suggests that their work forms a cornerstone of nomophobia research, particularly in exploring behavioral and psychological correlates of mobile dependency. These clusters highlight the intellectual structure of the field, showing which scholars have made foundational contributions and continue to drive research forward focussing on different psychological and mental health parameters like self-esteem ,life satisfaction, depression ,anxiety, self-injury, psychological disteress in vulnerable age group.(28–33) Lastly, the collaboration networks at the institutional and international levels reveal extensive cooperation, with top institutions and countries forming cohesive research networks. These partnerships reflect a concentrated effort to address the complexities of nomophobia, supported by funding bodies and scholarly networks. While collaborations remain primarily national, there is an evident trend toward increased international research exchange, likely in response to nomophobia's relevance across cultures and regions. Conclusion The study highlights a rapid rise in nomophobia research, particularly post-2019, with Medicine and Psychology leading the discourse. A small group of influential researchers and institutions has shaped the field, showing significant international and interdisciplinary collaboration, especially between China and the United States. Key journals in behavioural and social sciences have become central to disseminating findings, reflecting the importance of these perspectives on technology-induced stress. Thematic analysis reveals a shift from recognizing nomophobia as a standalone phenomenon to examining its broader psychological and societal impacts, particularly among adolescents and social media users. Limitations This bibliometric analysis on nomophobia has several limitations. Firstly, the study is reliant on the accuracy and completeness of the Scopus databases used for data collection, which may not capture all relevant publications. Additionally, the focus on English-language publications may introduce a language bias, potentially overlooking significant research published in other languages. The categorization of publications into specific fields may also be subjective and can vary across different databases. Furthermore, the analysis primarily emphasizes publication counts and citation metrics, which may not fully reflect the quality or impact of individual studies. Declarations Author Contributions: Dr. Sudip Bhattacharya: Conceptualization, writing original draft, review and editing, Dr.Alok Singh and Dr. Akanksha Singh: Data visualization, Data curation, writing – original draft and reviewing. Conflicting interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Ethical approval: Not required. Funding: The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article Clinical trial number: Not applicable Consent to Participate declaration: Not applicable Consent to Publish declaration: Not applicable References Bhattacharya S, Bashar MA, Srivastava A, Singh A. NOMOPHOBIA: NO MObile PHone PhoBIA. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2019 Apr;8(4):1297. Bragazzi NL, Del Puente G. A proposal for including nomophobia in the new DSM- V.Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2014;7:155–60. Nomophobiaandoldid=879839860 - Wikipedia [Internet]. [cited 2024 Nov 5]. Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nomophobiaandoldid=879839860 Nikhita CS, Jadhav PR, Ajinkya SA. Prevalence of Mobile Phone Dependence in Secondary School Adolescents.J Clin Diagn Res JCDR. 2015 Nov 1;9(11):VC06. Mathew P. Nomophobia -do we really need to worry about? 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Dou X, Lu J, Yu Y, Yi Y, Zhou L. The impact of depression and anxiety on mobile phone addiction and the mediating effect of self-esteem. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1). Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. 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co-authorship between the institutions\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"17.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7587735/v1/f6eb08ec4bcd3da9f59c4e16.jpeg"},{"id":91207395,"identity":"4c78924f-1ace-41d1-a446-866d0df913c4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-09-12 16:55:57","extension":"jpeg","order_by":18,"title":"Figure 18","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":48392,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSnapshot of the bibliometric map representing Co-authorship analysis of countries in network visualisation mode\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"18.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7587735/v1/05899b5b9ab431947f9c1ee9.jpeg"},{"id":91208291,"identity":"8fdb4e60-9e9c-48fb-8bd5-0508e38fc3ae","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-09-12 17:11:59","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":3081672,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7587735/v1/cb5882a7-51a0-4b14-b41f-41895b7a4628.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eBound by Pixels: A Bibliometric Journey (2010- 2024) through Nomophobia\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eNomophobia, short for \"NO MObilePHonephoBIA,\" describes a psychological conditionwhere individuals experience intense anxiety when disconnected from mobile phone connectivity. While termed a\u0026nbsp;\"phobia,\"\u0026nbsp;it is\u0026nbsp;more\u0026nbsp;accurately viewed as an anxiety disorder.(1)The\u0026nbsp;concept of\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003enomophobia aligns with definitions found in the DSM-IV, specifically under \"phobias for\u0026nbsp;specific objects.\" Various psychological factors, such as low self-esteem and extroverted personalities, can contribute to excessive mobile phone use. Other mental disorders, like\u0026nbsp;social anxiety and panic disorder, may also exacerbate nomophobic symptoms. It remains challenging to discern whether nomophobia stems from mobile addiction or if preexisting anxiety disorders manifest as nomophobicbehaviors.(2)The term \"nomophobia\" was first introduced by the UK Post Office in 2008 in a study conducted by YouGov. This study found that 53% of British mobile users felt anxious when they lost their phones, ran out of battery, or had no network coverage. Additionally, the survey revealed that 58% of men and 47% of women experienced mobile phone-related anxiety, and 9% reported distress when their phones were off. About 55% of participants cited a need to stay connected with loved ones as the primary reason for their anxiety. The stress level associated with this condition was comparable to pre-wedding jitters.(3,4)Research among university students has highlighted\u0026nbsp;the prevalence of nomophobia; for instance, a study found that 23% of male students were classified as nomophobic, while 64% were at risk. More than half of nomophobic individuals reportedly never turn off their phones, reflecting their heightened dependency.(5) The rise of nomophobia is linked to the broader impact of technological advancement on mental health, often referred to as \"technophobia.\" Since the first mobile phones were introduced in 1983, these devices have become deeply embedded in modern life. Research indicates that college students now spend over nine hours daily on their phones, leading to what some describe as the \"paradox of technology,\" offering both freedom and a form of digital enslavement.(6) Studies have shown that heavy phone use among students is associated with lower GPA scores and higher anxiety, likely due to frequent digital distractions. Moreover, social media pressures\u0026nbsp;can\u0026nbsp;heighten\u0026nbsp;stress, leaving\u0026nbsp;little\u0026nbsp;time\u0026nbsp;for solitude, which\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;essential\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;mental\u0026nbsp;well- being.(7) Nomophobia symptoms are varied and include anxiety, tremors, sweating, agitation, disorientation, tachycardia, and even respiratory changes. The impact of nomophobia extends to physical and economic aspects, as excessive mobile use\u0026nbsp;may lead to\u0026nbsp;pain in the hands and neck and impose financial strain from high data usage.(8)In India, there are currently no restrictions on mobile phone usage, which may contribute to nomophobia. Policymakers, such as the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), could consider implementing policies to moderate mobile phone use, particularly among young people. Parental encouragement toward outdoor activities and direct social engagement, along with mental health education, could help mitigate nomophobic tendencies.For those with nomophobia, interventions include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and, in severe cases, medications like Tranylcypromine and Clonazepam. CBT helps reinforce autonomy by encouraging activities outside of phone use, while medications can alleviate symptoms associated with anxiety. A \"settings-based\" approach is also recommended for prevention, where peers or supervisors identify those at\u0026nbsp;risk and refer them for counselling.Nomophobia exemplifies how modern reliance on mobile connectivity can impact social and mental health, leading to a reduction in face-to-face interactions and contributing to \"techno-stress.\" This digital dependence can even lead to symptoms of social anxiety and, in severe cases, depression.To our knowledge, bibliometric study\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;nomophobia\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;limited. A\u0026nbsp;bibliometric\u0026nbsp;analysis\u0026nbsp;of nomophobia\u0026nbsp;is\u0026nbsp;vital\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;understanding the scope, impact, and evolution of research on this growing psychological concern. As\u0026nbsp;mobile phone dependency rises, especially among youth, nomophobia increasingly affects mental health and social interactions. Research on the topic is scattered across psychology, psychiatry, public health, and education, underscoring the need for a systematic mapping to identify key studies, authors, and themes. Analyzing citation patterns and collaborative networks\u0026nbsp;will\u0026nbsp;reveal\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;interdisciplinary\u0026nbsp;nature\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;this\u0026nbsp;research,\u0026nbsp;enhancing\u0026nbsp;knowledge\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003econsolidation,\u0026nbsp;guiding\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;priorities,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;informing\u0026nbsp;interventions\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;policies\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;address\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003enomophobia’s\u0026nbsp;impact.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAim\u0026nbsp;and objective\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe aim of this bibliometric analysis is to systematically evaluate the research landscape on nomophobia, identifying key trends, influential publications, and major themes within the field.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Methodology ","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePreliminary-Planning\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSearching queries were pinpointed and organised in the preliminary planning stage, as illustrated in Table 1.\u0026nbsp;These queries were divided into two categories\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003ePrimary\u0026nbsp;search\u0026nbsp;terms.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSecondary\u0026nbsp;search\u0026nbsp;terms-Combinations\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;terms\u0026nbsp;related\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;nomophobia\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe primary search terms encompassed \u0026quot;nomophobia\u0026quot;,and the secondary search terms included \u0026quot; Combinations of terms related to nomophobia. A subset of crucial search queries and their combinations were chosen based on their relevance to nomophobia research.We broadened our literature review to encompass combinations of key search terms related to nomophobia.Moreover, specific research questions, outlined in Table 2,\u0026nbsp;were formulated to provide a comprehensive overview of the knowledge structure and the bibliometric and statistical methods used to evaluate nomophobiaresearch from 2010 to 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;1:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eList\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Keywords\u0026nbsp;used\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg 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\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 2:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMapping of Research questions with knowledge structure, bibliometric and statistical technique\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSl No\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch Questions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKnowledge structure covered\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBibliometric techniques\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhat\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;publishing\u0026nbsp;trends\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;research publication in nomophobia research?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntellectual structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnnual\u0026nbsp;Scientific Production.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWho\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;most\u0026nbsp;contributing authors,\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ejournals, organisations, funding agencies and countries\u0026nbsp;and cited papers in nomophobia research?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntellectual structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThree\u0026nbsp;field\u0026nbsp;plots,\u0026nbsp;Most relevant\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAuthors, Organisations, journal, funding agencies, Co-citation of author, journal and references\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhat\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;publication\u0026nbsp;patterns\u0026nbsp;and most\u0026nbsp;frequently\u0026nbsp;used\u0026nbsp;keywords\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;the\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003earticles\u0026nbsp;published\u0026nbsp;in nomophobiaresearch?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eConceptual structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNetwork\u0026nbsp;Analysis,\u0026nbsp;Thematic\u0026nbsp;mapping, and\u0026nbsp;Thematic\u0026nbsp;evolution\u0026nbsp;and trending\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003etopics.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e4.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhat\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;collaboration\u0026nbsp;networks\u0026nbsp;in nomophobiaresearch?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSocial structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAuthors collaboration network, Institution collaboration network, and Country Collaboration network\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhat are the thematic trends of the Application\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;nomophobiaresearch?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eConceptual structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThematic\u0026nbsp;mapping,\u0026nbsp;Thematic Evolution.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e6.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhat are the main open areas of challenges\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;corresponding\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003esolutions\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;future\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;work\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;nomophobia.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eConceptual structure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThematic\u0026nbsp;mapping,\u0026nbsp;Thematic evolution, and Factorial analysis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData collection\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the data collection phase, we systematically searched academic articles in the SCOPUS core collection from January 1, 2010, to Oct 31, 2024, focusing on nomophobia research. The keywords employed for data retrieval are listed in Table 1.\u0026nbsp;Additionally, English- language research articles and review papers were included in the study. This search yielded 2234 academic publications from SCOPUS for analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData refinement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the data refinement stage, we filtered the publications obtained from Scopus using specific exclusion criteria. We excluded books, editorials, letters, conference papers, and non- English academic works from our systematic bibliometric review. After this initial filtering, we removed duplicates from the remaining list of 4090 publications, resulting in a final total of 2234 articles.(Fig 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData extraction\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe extracted metadata from Scopus in the form of a CSV bibliographic information file. The exported data included: (a) authors/editors, (b) full names of authors, (c) titles, (d) sources, (e) authors\u0026rsquo; keywords, (f) keywords plus, (g) abstracts, (h) authors\u0026apos; affiliations, (i) corresponding authors\u0026apos; affiliations, (j) cited references, (k) total citations, (l) highly cited papers, (m) usage counts, (n) publication years, (o) DOIs, (p) subject categories, (q) author identifiers, (r) languages, and (s) funding agencies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBibliometric analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBibliometric analysis serves as an objective method for researchers to catalogue, access, and evaluate extensive collections of publications, offering a detailed overview of recent trends in scientific literature within a specific field or research area.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this research, we conduct a bibliometric analysis of publications concerning nomophobia research from 2010 to 2024, addressing the six primary questions presented in Table 2.\u0026nbsp;We employed biblioshiny and Vos viewer for bibliometric data analysis to illustrate publication patterns and research trends in applying telemedicine to mental health. Furthermore, we aim\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eto statistically investigate and evaluate the scientific knowledge structure through this bibliometric analysis. The fundamental knowledge framework of a research field comprises three components:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConceptual\u0026nbsp;structure\u003c/strong\u003e: Central themes and trends in the literature of a specific research\u0026nbsp;area.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntellectual\u0026nbsp;structure\u003c/strong\u003e:\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;impact\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;author\u0026apos;s\u0026nbsp;work\u0026nbsp;within\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;scientific\u0026nbsp;community.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSocial\u0026nbsp;structure\u003c/strong\u003e:\u0026nbsp;Interactions\u0026nbsp;among\u0026nbsp;authors,\u0026nbsp;institutions,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;countries.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInitially, the conceptual structure is examined statistically using thematic mapping and co- occurrence networks. Subsequently, the intellectual knowledge structure is evaluated through co-citation network analysis. Lastly, the social knowledge structure is scrutinised based on the collaboration\u0026nbsp;network\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;collaboration\u0026nbsp;world\u0026nbsp;map.\u0026nbsp;By\u0026nbsp;analysing\u0026nbsp;these\u0026nbsp;conceptual,\u0026nbsp;intellectual, and social structures, we aim to comprehend the knowledge framework of nomophobia over the past decades. This analysis will highlight current achievements and identify future challenges in nomophobia.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnnual\u0026nbsp;publications\u0026nbsp;and trends\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe data in Figure 2 demonstrates a clear upward trajectory in nomophobia-related publications beginning around 2014. Prior to this year, annual publication counts fluctuated between 3 and 7. From 2014 onward, however, a steady annual increase is evident, with 2019 marking a period of exponential growth, suggesting that this field has transitioned into a phase of accelerated research activity. The peak was reached in 2023, with 487 publications indicating substantial academic interest and engagement in nomophobia research during this period.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe pie chart in Figure 3 presents the distribution of nomophobia-related research across various academic fields. The majority of studies are concentrated in Medicine, accounting for 28.0% of the total research output, followed by Psychology at 21.2%. Other notable contributions come from Social Sciences (11.7%), Computer Science (6.8%), and Environmental Science (4.5%). Additional fields include Neuroscience (3.7%), Arts and Humanities (3.4%), Business, Management, and Accounting (3.3%), Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmaceutics (3.0%), and Multidisciplinary studies (2.2%). Research classified as \u0026apos;Other\u0026apos; represents 12.2%. This analysis underscores Medicine as the primary focus within nomophobia research\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnalysis\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;most\u0026nbsp;relevant authors\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA total of 7,665 authors have contributed to research on nomophobia, with the top 10 authors publishing 12 or more papers each. Table 3 highlights these leading contributors, who collectively produced 225 publications, representing 10% of the total submissions. Among them, Griffiths, M.D., from Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom, was the most prolific author, with 44 publications and 3,658 citations. He was followed by Elhai, J.D. from the University of Toledo, United States (38 publications, 3,097 citations), and Montag, C. from Universit\u0026auml;t Ulm, Germany (33 publications, 1,356 citations). The study \u003cem\u003eMotivational, Emotional, and Behavioural Correlates of Fear of Missing Out\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eby Przybylski, Andrew K., et al., from the Department of Psychology, University of Essex, United Kingdom, received the highest citation count, with 1,643 citations.(9) The top 10 authors represent a diverse range of countries, including the United Kingdom, China, the United States, Italy, Germany, Sweden, and Taiwan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 3: Most productive authors\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor Name\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCountry\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;To\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003etal Citations\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDocuments\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGriffiths, M.D.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNottingham\u0026nbsp;Trent\u0026nbsp;University\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;Nottingham,\u0026nbsp;United Kingdom\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3658\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eElhai, J.D.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe\u0026nbsp;University\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Toledo,\u0026nbsp;Toledo,\u0026nbsp;United States\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3097\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMontag, C.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUniversit\u0026auml;t\u0026nbsp;Ulm,\u0026nbsp;Ulm, Germany\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1356\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLin, C.Y.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNational\u0026nbsp;Cheng\u0026nbsp;Kung\u0026nbsp;University\u0026nbsp;College\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1135\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYang, H.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTianjin\u0026nbsp;Normal\u0026nbsp;University,\u0026nbsp;Tianjin, China\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1077\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePakpour, A.H.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJ\u0026ouml;nk\u0026ouml;ping\u0026nbsp;University,\u0026nbsp;Jonkoping, Sweden\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e872\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRozgonjuk, D.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUniversit\u0026auml;t\u0026nbsp;Ulm,\u0026nbsp;Ulm, Germany\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e782\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWang, P.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eShanghai\u0026nbsp;Jiao\u0026nbsp;Tong\u0026nbsp;University,\u0026nbsp;Shanghai, China\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e553\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCasale, S.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUniversit\u0026agrave;degliStudi\u0026nbsp;di\u0026nbsp;Firenze,\u0026nbsp;Florence, Italy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e530\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMei, Songli\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJilin\u0026nbsp;University,\u0026nbsp;Changchun, China\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 114px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 520px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal\u0026nbsp;Number\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Documents\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e225\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnalysis\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;the Organisations\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe study analyzed contributions from a total of 5,865 distinct institutions, with the top ten contributing 373 publications. Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom, led with 61 publications, followed by the Ministry of Education of the People\u0026apos;s Republic of China (48 publications) and the University of Toledo, United States (40 publications). Other major contributors included Beijing Normal University, China, with 39 publications; Universit\u0026auml;t Ulm, Germany, with 38 publications; and the College of Medicine and Life Sciences, United States, with 37 publications.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurther notable institutions included Tianjin Normal University, China, contributing 32 publications; Central China Normal University, China, with 30 publications; Renmin University of China, China, with 26 publications; and Shenzhen University, with 22 publications (Table\u0026nbsp;4).\u0026nbsp;Overall, the top ten institutions accounted for 16.6% of the total publications. Figure4 presents a three-field plot diagram depicting the patterns of author contributions across various topics and journals.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cstrong\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;4:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTop Contributing Organisations\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 378px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAffiliation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCountry\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDocuments\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 378px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNottingham Trent University\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnited Kingdom\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 378px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMinistry of Education of the People\u0026apos;s Republic of China\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChina\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 378px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe University of Toledo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnited States\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 378px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBeijing Normal University\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChina\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 378px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUniversit\u0026auml;t Ulm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGermany\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 378px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCollege of Medicine and Life Sciences\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnited States\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 378px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTianjin Normal University\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChina\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 378px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCentral China Normal University\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChina\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 378px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRenmin University of China\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChina\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 378px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eShenzhen University\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChina\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 520px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal\u0026nbsp;Number\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Documents\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e373\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnalysis\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Country\u0026nbsp;Scientific Production\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 5\u0026nbsp;presents the ten leading countries contributing to nomophobia-related research, detailing the total number of publications in this domain by each country. From 2010 to 2024, only China, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Turkey have produced more than 150 publications on nomophobia. China ranks highest in scientific output, with 614 publications, followed by the United States (n = 362), the United Kingdom (n = 184), and Turkey (n = 166).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cstrong\u003eTable 5:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTop Contributing Countries\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 274px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCountry\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDocuments\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 274px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChina\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e614\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 274px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnited States\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e362\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 274px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnited Kingdom\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e184\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 274px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTurkey\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e166\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 274px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e130\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 274px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eItaly\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e123\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 274px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSouth Korea\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e120\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 274px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGermany\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e110\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 274px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e105\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 274px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAustralia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 274px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal Documents\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 350px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2004\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMost\u0026nbsp;preferred Journal\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA total of 1163 academic journals have published research articles on nomophobia related research article. The Ten most active journals accounted for 671 out of 2234 papers, contributing 30 % of the total publications (Table 6). The International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Healthled with 141 articles, followed by Frontiers In Psychiatry(82), Addictive Behaviors(69), Computers In Human Behavior(69) and Current Psychology(64). Other significant contributors were Frontiers In Psychology(62), Plos One(56), Journal Of Behavioral Addictions(51), BMC Psychiatry(46), and Journal Of Affective Disorders(31) (Table 6).Bradford\u0026apos;s Law suggests that a small number of journals are central to a specific research field. As illustrated in Figure 5, the ten journals highlighted in Table 6 form this core group, accounting for approximately one-third of the entire collection\u0026apos;s documents. Table 6 provides details about the country, quartile, and H index, as well asdocuments from the top ten periodicals, each contributing more than 30 articles to our bibliographic collection. The Journal Computers In Human Behaviorhas been a leading publisher on nomophobia from 2012 to 2018. The International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health was the leading publisher on this topic from 2020 to 2022.it lost its dominance in the year 2023. It was overtaken by the journal Addictive Behaviors , Current Psychology and Frontiers In Psychology(Figure 6).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cstrong\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;6:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMost prolific journals\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 245px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJournals\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCountry\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQuartile\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eH index\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDocuments\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 245px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInternational Journal Of Environmental Research\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnd\u0026nbsp;Public Health\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSwitzerland\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e198\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e141\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 245px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrontiers In Psychiatry\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSwitzerland\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e144\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 245px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAddictive Behaviors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnited\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKingdom\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e149\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 245px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComputers\u0026nbsp;In\u0026nbsp;Human Behavior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnited\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKingdom\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e251\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 245px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCurrent Psychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnited\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStates\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 245px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrontiers In Psychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSwitzerland\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e184\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 245px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePlos One\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnited\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStates\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e435\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 245px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJournal Of Behavioral Addictions\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHungary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 245px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBMC Psychiatry\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnited\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKingdom\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e137\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 245px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJournal\u0026nbsp;Of\u0026nbsp;Affective Disorders\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNetherlands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e281\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 510px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e671\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnalysis\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;Highly\u0026nbsp;cited\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;publications\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;telemedicine\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Mental Health\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 7 presents the ten most frequently cited publications in the domain of nomophobia research from 2010 to 2024. The highest locally cited publication, with a total of 1,643 citations, is \u003cem\u003eMotivational, Emotional, and Behavioral Correlates of Fear of Missing Out\u003c/em\u003e, authored by Andrew K. Przybylski et al. from the Department of Psychology, University of Essex, UK, and published in \u003cem\u003eComputers in Human Behavior\u003c/em\u003e.(9) The second most impactful study, with 905 citations, is \u003cem\u003eStudents under Lockdown: Comparisons of Students\u0026apos; Social Networks and Mental Health Before and during the COVID-19 Crisis in Switzerland\u003c/em\u003e, authored by Timon Elmer et al. and published in \u003cem\u003ePLoS ONE\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003ein 2020.(10)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurther significant contributions include Jo\u0026euml;lBillieux et al.\u0026apos;s \u003cem\u003eCan Disordered Mobile Phone Use Be\u0026nbsp;Considered\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;Behavioral\u0026nbsp;Addiction?\u0026nbsp;An\u0026nbsp;Update\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;Current Evidence\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;Comprehensive Model\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;Future Research\u003c/em\u003e, which accumulated 729 citations, and \u003cem\u003eSocial Networking Sites and Addiction: Ten Lessons Learned\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eby Novak, Iona et al., which garnered 991 citations.(11)(12) The citation details and additional insights on these influential publications are available in Table 7.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 7:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHighly cited research publications on nomophobia. Active Funding Agencies\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMotivational,\u0026nbsp;emotional,\u0026nbsp;and behavioral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ecorrelates of fear of missing out.(9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComputers\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBehavior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ein\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHuman\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1643\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.1016/j.chb.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.02.014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStudents under lockdown: Comparisons of students\u0026apos; social networks and mental\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ehealth before and during the COVID-19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.1371/journal.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ecrisis in Switzerland.(10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePLoS\u0026nbsp;ONE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e905\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epone.0236337\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCan Disordered Mobile Phone Use Be\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eConsidered a Behavioral Addiction? An\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUpdate on Current Evidence and a Comprehensive Model for Future\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCurrent\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAddiction\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.1007/s40429-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResearch.(11)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReports\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 16px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e729\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e015-0054-y\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 624px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSocial networking sites and addiction: International Journal of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTen lessons learned.(12)14-11-2024 Environmental Research 10.3390/ijerph14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12:35:00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eand\u0026nbsp;Public Health\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e666\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e030311\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAn investigation of mental health status of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003echildren and adolescents in China during\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJournal of Affective\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.1016/j.jad.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ethe outbreak of COVID-19.(13)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDisorders\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e665\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.06.029\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOnline social media fatigue and psychological wellbeing\u0026mdash;A study of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ecompulsive use, fear of missing out,\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInternational\u0026nbsp;Journal of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.1016/j.ijinfom\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003efatigue, anxiety and depression.(14)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInformation Management\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e581\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003egt.2018.01.012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFear\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;missing\u0026nbsp;out,\u0026nbsp;need\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;touch,\u0026nbsp;anxiety\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;depression\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;related to\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComputers \u0026nbsp;in Human\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.1016/j.chb.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eproblematic smartphone use.(15)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBehavior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e566\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.05.079\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe\u0026nbsp;dark\u0026nbsp;side\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;social\u0026nbsp;networking sites:\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAn exploration of the \u0026nbsp;relational and\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epsychological\u0026nbsp;stressors\u0026nbsp;associated\u0026nbsp;with Facebook use and affordances.(16)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComputers\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;Human Behavior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e520\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.1016/j.chb.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.11.083\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExtraversion, \u0026nbsp;neuroticism, attachment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003estyle\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;fear\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;missing\u0026nbsp;out\u0026nbsp;as predictors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePersonality and\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.1016/j.paid.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eof\u0026nbsp;social\u0026nbsp;media\u0026nbsp;use\u0026nbsp;and addiction.(17)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndividual Differences\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e496\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e017.04.039\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 244px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u0026nbsp;more\u0026nbsp;FOMO:\u0026nbsp;Limiting\u0026nbsp;social\u0026nbsp;media decreases loneliness and depression.(18)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 130px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJournal\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Social\u0026nbsp;and Clinical Psychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 87px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e488\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.1521/jscp.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.37.10.751\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the review of 2,234 articles, 427 studies received funding from the top 10 contributing organizations. The National Natural Science Foundation of China emerged as the leading sponsor, supporting 121 studies on nomophobia. Other significant contributors included the National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences (China, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e=61), the Ministry of Education of the People\u0026rsquo;s Republic of China (\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e=48), the\u0026nbsp;Ministry of\u0026nbsp;Science\u0026nbsp;and Technology of\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;People\u0026rsquo;s Republic of China (\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e=41), and the National Institutes of Health (United States, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e=33). Additional support came from the Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e=30), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (China, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e=27), National Research Foundation of Korea (South Korea, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e=25), German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) (Germany, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e=22), and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (United States, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e=26). Notably, five of the top ten funding organizations were based\u0026nbsp;in China (Table 8).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;8:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003etop\u0026nbsp;funding bodies\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg 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\"\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eB.\u0026nbsp;Conceptual\u0026nbsp;knowledge\u0026nbsp;structure\u0026nbsp;analysis Analysis of the Keywords\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this part of our study, we employed keyword and co-occurrence analyses to explore the latest research trends in assistive devices, assistive technology and disability. Our objective is to pinpoint research gaps and predict future directions in this domain.The primary keywords are illustrated in Figure 7, with \u0026quot;fear of missing out\u0026quot; (403 occurrences) being the most frequent, followed by \u0026quot; nomophobia\u0026quot; (264 occurrences), \u0026quot;smartphone addiction\u0026quot; (224 occurrences), \u0026quot;mobile phone addiction\u0026quot; (214 occurrences), and \u0026quot;smartphone\u0026quot; (178 occurrences) \u0026ldquo;problematic smartphone use\u0026rdquo; (176 occurrences), \u0026ldquo;FOMO\u0026rdquo; (169 occurrences), \u0026ldquo;depression\u0026rdquo; (158 occurrences),anxiety(148 occurrences),social media(144 occurrences), adolescents (143 occurrences), addiction (100 occurrence). The relationship between assistive devices, assistive technology and disability research is also depicted using the cumulative occurrence graph in Figure 8.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis graph shows a progressive increase in the annual occurrence of the author\u0026rsquo;s keywords related to assistive devices, assistive technology and disability. Authors keywords such as FEAR OF MISSING OUT, NOMOPHOBIA, SMARTPHONE ADDICTION, MOBILE PHONE ADDICTION, SMARTPHONE, PROBLEMATIC SMARTPHONE USE, FOMO, DEPRESSION,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eANXIETY, SOCIAL MEDIA and these termshave exhibited more dynamic growth compared to others. The comparison between the author\u0026rsquo;s main keyword cumulative occurrence since the year 2010and 2024 (Table 9)shows that the main author keywords have increased significantly, indicating trending or popular research topics in the field, growing interest or emerging trends in that topic. The graph highlights the shifts in research focus.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, we analysed the co-occurrence of authors\u0026rsquo; keywords using Vos Viewer. The co- occurrence network helps understand the thematic areas of the research field and identify the most critical and\u0026nbsp;current\u0026nbsp;issues. It also\u0026nbsp;provides insights into the evolution of these issues\u0026nbsp;over time. We extracted 26 out of 3955 Authors\u0026rsquo; Keywords with a frequency of 50 or more for co- occurrence analysis in Vos viewer to explore trends and hotspots in the field of research (Figure 9).The results of the co-occurrence network analysis are presented in Table 10.The visual representations classify keywords into five clusters, as shown in Table 10.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 9: Authors keyword and its occurrences\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 406px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthors\u0026nbsp;Keywords\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 208px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eYear\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2010\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2024\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 406px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFEAR OF MISSING OUT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e403\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 406px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNOMOPHOBIA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e263\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 406px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSMARTPHONE ADDICTION\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e224\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 406px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMOBILE\u0026nbsp;PHONE ADDICTION\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e214\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 406px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSMARTPHONE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e178\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 406px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePROBLEMATIC\u0026nbsp;SMARTPHONE USE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e176\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 406px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFOMO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e169\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 406px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDEPRESSION\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e158\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 406px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eANXIETY\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e148\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 406px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSOCIAL MEDIA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e144\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;1\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0\u0026nbsp;Details\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;keywords\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;different clusters\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;network\u0026nbsp;co-occurrence\u0026nbsp;of authors\u0026rsquo;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ekeywords and key theme.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCluster\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e/no\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;of\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e/Colour\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003enumber\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eItems\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKeywords\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;the clusters\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 214px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKey\u0026nbsp;Theme\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster 1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(9 items)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRed Colour\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003efear\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;missing\u0026nbsp;out,\u0026nbsp;fear\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;missing\u0026nbsp;out (FOMO)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFOMO, internet addiction, phubbing, smartphone\u0026nbsp;addiction, social media, social media addiction, university students\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 214px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDigital dependency and its psychological impacts on university students.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster 2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(8\u0026nbsp;items) green\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdolescents,\u0026nbsp;college students\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ecovid-19,loneliness,mental health, mobile phone addiction, problematic smartphone, sleep quality\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 214px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eImpact of COVID-19 on adolescent mental health, \u0026nbsp;with \u0026nbsp;a \u0026nbsp;focus \u0026nbsp;on loneliness,\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003esmartphone addiction, and sleep quality in college students\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster 3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(6\u0026nbsp;items) Blue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 121px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAddiction, internet, smartphone, students\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 49px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emobile\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 50px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ephone,\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 74px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003enomophobia,\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 99px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDigital Addiction Students\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eand\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eits\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 43px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eImpact\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 21px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eon\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster 4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(3 items) Yellow\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 293px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnxiety,\u0026nbsp;depression, stress\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 214px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMental\u0026nbsp;health\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;emotional\u0026nbsp;well-being\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThematic Map\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thematic development of keywords from 2010 to 2024 is examined using the keyword thematic map and Sankey diagram presented in Figure 10.Analysing the thematic map helps researchers to understand the current landscape of their field, identify key themes, and\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eexplore areas that need further investigation. The map divides these themes into four quadrants based on two axes. Centrality (X-axis) Indicates the importance or relevance of the theme in the overall research field, and Density (Y-axis) Indicates the theme\u0026apos;s internal development, i.e., how well-developed and mature the theme is. The Upper-Right Quadrant (Motor Themes) is related to High Centrality and High Density. These themes are both important and well-developed. They play a significant role in structuring the research field and are actively developed, serving as \u0026quot;motor\u0026quot; themes.They include themes such as mobile phone addiction,problematic smartphone use, and college students. Upper-Left Quadrant (Niche Themes) is related to Low Centrality and high Density. These themes are well-developed but not central to the overall research field. They often represent specialised or niche topics that are mature but not crucial to the broad field.it includes themes such as bitcoin, cryptocurrency, validity and reliability. The lower-Right Quadrant (Basic and Transversal Themes) is related to High Centrality and low Density. These themes are important but underdeveloped. They represent foundational or emerging areas that have relevance across various subfields but require further development. It includes themes likeFOMO, Nomophobia, smartphone addiction, Social media and loneliness. The lower-Left Quadrant (Emerging or Declining Themes) is related to Low Centrality and low Density.These themes are neither well- developed nor important to the overall research field. They could represent either emerging themes that are yet to gain attention or declining themes that are losing relevance including themes like psychometric properties and scale development.(Figure 11)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTrending Topics\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe focused on three keywords appearing at least five times each year to analyse the trending topics. Since 2010, approximately 22 keywords have shown notable increases in frequency. Figure 12 illustrates the occurrence trends, highlighting keywords such as Sensation seeking,college student,non-surgical self-injury,FOMO,social media addiction,nomophobia,mobile or smartphone addiction,adolescents,addictionand social networking sites gaining prominence in 2020-24. This suggests that these research areas are currently receiving considerable attention and may reflect emerging assistive devices, assistive technology and disabilityresearch trends.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe time zone view of trending topics revealed that from 2010-2020, themes like mobile phone use, high school students, psychology, Facebook addiction dependency, panic and mobile phone problematic use had been in focus, but after 2004, a theme like Sensation seeking, college student, non-surgical self-injury, FOMO, social media addiction, nomophobia, mobile or smartphone addiction, adolescents, addiction and social networking sites have gained significant attention in the field which is likely to remain focal points in future research in nomophobia.(Figure-12)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eC.\u0026nbsp;Analysis\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Intellectual\u0026nbsp;knowledge\u0026nbsp;structure. Analysis of co-cited authors\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCo-cited authors network analysis refers to examining relationships between authors based on how often they are cited together in the same documents. This visualisation or map shows the relationships between authors based on their co-citation frequency. It helps identify groups or clusters of authors who are frequently referenced together, often indicating that they contribute to similar research areas or themes. In VOS viewer, these clusters of co-cited authors may represent specific research fields or topics. Authors within the same cluster are likely to have influenced each other or contributed to a shared body of knowledge. Co-cited authors network analysis can be used to identify leading scholars, influential research collaborations, or emerging trends in a particular academic discipline. Each author\u0026apos;s publication is shown in a circle and denoted by the author\u0026rsquo;s name. The colour of a publication shows the cluster to which the author\u0026rsquo;s publication belongs. The size of each node in the graph represents the number of citations an author has received, with larger nodes corresponding to higher citation counts and greater influence. (Fig 13)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGriffiths, M.D. leads with 2265 co-citations, followed by Elhai, J.D..j ,Billieux, J. ,\u0026nbsp;Montag, C., Brand, M.,with 1934, 1176, 1080and 1026 co-citations, respectively (Table 11).Of 134587 authors, using 226 as a minimum number of citations, 100 met the threshold. The top 10 co- cited authors amassed over 6081 co-citations, underscoring their significant impact on assistive devices, assistive technology and disability-related research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 11: Top 10 Co-cited authors in the field nomophobia\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 160px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 237px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCo Citations\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 215px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal\u0026nbsp;Link Strength\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 160px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGriffiths, M.D.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 237px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2265\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 215px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86735\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 160px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eElhai, J.D.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 237px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1934\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 215px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88403\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 160px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBillieux, J.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 237px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1176\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 215px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43586\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 160px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMontag, C.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 237px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1080\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 215px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50623\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 160px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBrand,\u0026nbsp;M.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 237px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1026\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 215px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47235\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 160px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHall,\u0026nbsp;B.J.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 237px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e905\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 215px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41312\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 160px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKuss,\u0026nbsp;D.J.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 237px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e852\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 215px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 160px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLevine, J.C\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 237px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e830\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 215px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37267\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 160px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWegmann, E.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 237px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e723\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 215px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34555\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 160px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGladwell, V.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 237px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e685\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 215px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19856\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 160px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal\u0026nbsp;Co Citations 11\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 452px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e476\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnalysis\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;co-cited journals\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCo-cited journal network analysis investigates the relationships between journals based on the frequency with which they are cited together in scholarly papers. Co-citation occurs when two journals are referenced in the same document, reflecting shared relevance in a particular context. This analysis visualizes journals as nodes in a network, with co-citation strength represented by edges connecting these nodes. Clusters of frequently co-cited journals suggest shared research areas or disciplinary connections, aiding in the identification of core journals, disciplinary relationships, interdisciplinary trends, and emerging research fronts. A higher number of co-citations indicates a stronger relationship between journals, represented in network visualizations by shorter node distances and thicker connecting lines.(Figure 14)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNotably,\u0026nbsp;three\u0026nbsp;journals\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;Table\u0026nbsp;5\u0026nbsp;have\u0026nbsp;been\u0026nbsp;co-cited\u0026nbsp;over\u0026nbsp;550\u0026nbsp;times.\u0026nbsp;Out\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;31,315\u0026nbsp;sources,\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e38 met the threshold for inclusion, with a minimum of 250 citations per source. Figure 6 identifies the three core journals in the field as \u003cem\u003eComputers in Human Behavior\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(Q1, H- index=251), \u003cem\u003ePLOS ONE\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(Q1, H-index=435), and the \u003cem\u003eJournal of Behavioral Addictions\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(Q1, H- index=81).(Table 12 )\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 12: Top 10 Co-cited journals in the field of nomophobia\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 203px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSource\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 89px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCo-Citations\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal\u0026nbsp;Link Strength\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQuartile\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 186px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSubject Area\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 203px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComputers\u0026nbsp;In\u0026nbsp;Human Behavior\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 89px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5865\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e96256\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 186px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComputer Science\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 203px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePlos One\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 89px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2164\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33173\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 186px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultidisciplinary Studies\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 203px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJournal\u0026nbsp;Of\u0026nbsp;Behavioral Addictions\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 89px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1138\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26892\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 186px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedicine and Psychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 203px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAddictive Behaviors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 89px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e995\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26157\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 186px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedicine and Psychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 203px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePersonality\u0026nbsp;And\u0026nbsp;Individual Differences\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 89px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e980\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24204\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 186px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePsychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 203px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInternational\u0026nbsp;Journal\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Environmental Research and Public Health\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 89px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e894\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20535\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 186px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEnvironmental Science and Medicine\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 203px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJournal\u0026nbsp;Of\u0026nbsp;Behavioral Addictions\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 89px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e830\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13139\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 186px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedicine and Psychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 203px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBMC Psychiatry\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 89px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e735\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13538\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 186px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedicine and Psychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 203px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrontiers\u0026nbsp;In Psychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 89px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e585\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14651\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 186px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePsychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 203px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCyberpsychology\u0026nbsp;Behavior\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Social Networking\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 89px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e554\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13612\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 54px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQ1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 186px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedicine\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Psychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAnalysis\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;co-cited references\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCo-cited reference network analysis visualises a research field\u0026apos;s intellectual structure by showing which references are frequently cited\u0026nbsp;together, reflecting thematic relationships within the literature.(2) In co-cited reference network analysis, nodes represent the references, and the links (edges) between them represent how frequently they are co-cited. A dense cluster of nodes in such a network suggests that the references in that cluster are often co-cited\u0026nbsp;together, implying a close intellectual relationship or a thematic similarity. Groups of studies that are frequently cited together could reveal key themes, methodologies, or theories in a specific domain. (3) Highly co-cited references often indicate foundational or highly influential works in a particular research area. Our analysis reveals that these ten articles primarily focus on four main research themes. (1) Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and Social Media\u003cstrong\u003e;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e(2) Psychological Factors and Personality Traits\u003cstrong\u003e;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e(3) Mental Health and Problematic Smartphone Use; \u003cstrong\u003eand\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e(4) Frameworks and Diagnostic Tools. (Table 13, Figure 15).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Table 13: Top 10 references in the field of nomophobia Research from 2010 to 2024\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSl.No\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 366px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCited\u0026nbsp;Article\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCitations\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;Link\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStrength\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 366px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMotivational,\u0026nbsp;Emotional,\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Behavioral\u0026nbsp;Correlates\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Fear\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Missing Out\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e280\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e763\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 366px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNegative\u0026nbsp;consequences\u0026nbsp;from\u0026nbsp;heavy\u0026nbsp;social\u0026nbsp;networking\u0026nbsp;in\u0026nbsp;adolescents:\u0026nbsp;The mediating role of fear of missing out\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e136\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e554\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 366px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFear of missing out, need for touch, anxiety and depression are related to problematic smartphone use.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e128\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e514\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 366px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExtraversion,\u0026nbsp;neuroticism,\u0026nbsp;attachment\u0026nbsp;style\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;fear\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;missing\u0026nbsp;out\u0026nbsp;as predictors of social media use and addiction.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e111\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e437\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 366px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA\u0026nbsp;conceptual\u0026nbsp;and methodological critique of\u0026nbsp;internet\u0026nbsp;addiction research: Towards a model of compensatory internet use.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e291\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 366px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProblematic\u0026nbsp;smartphone\u0026nbsp;use:\u0026nbsp;A\u0026nbsp;conceptual\u0026nbsp;overview\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;systematic review of relations with anxiety and depression psychopathology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e334\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 366px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDiagnostic\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Statistical\u0026nbsp;Manual\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Mental\u0026nbsp;Disorders\u0026nbsp;(DSM-5-TR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 366px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRelationship\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;smartphone\u0026nbsp;use\u0026nbsp;severity\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;sleep\u0026nbsp;quality,\u0026nbsp;depression, and anxiety in university students\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e209\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 366px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProblematic\u0026nbsp;smartphone\u0026nbsp;use\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;relations\u0026nbsp;with\u0026nbsp;negative\u0026nbsp;affect,\u0026nbsp;fear\u0026nbsp;of missing out, and fear of negative and positive evaluation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e362\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 65px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 366px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCan\u0026nbsp;Disordered\u0026nbsp;Mobile\u0026nbsp;Phone\u0026nbsp;Use\u0026nbsp;Be\u0026nbsp;Considered\u0026nbsp;a Behavioral\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAddiction? An Update on Current Evidence and a Comprehensive Model for Future Research\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 101px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e259\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eD.\u0026nbsp;Analysis\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Social\u0026nbsp;Knowledge Structure.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthors\u0026rsquo;\u0026nbsp;collaboration\u0026nbsp;network analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVOS viewer software was employed to map and visualise the relationships between authors based on their co-authored publications. This type of analysis helps researchers understand patterns of academic collaboration, such as which authors frequently work together and how these collaborations form larger clusters of research groups. Each node in the network represents an author. The lines connecting the nodes represent co-authorship relationships, where two authors have worked on one or more publications together. Authors who frequently collaborate with each other are grouped into clusters, which are typically represented by different colours. These clusters reflect collaborative research teams or communities. The size of each node indicates the author\u0026apos;s productivity, often based on the number of publications. The thickness of the lines (edges) between authors can indicate the strength of collaboration, i.e., how many times two authors have co-published. This type of analysis is valuable for identifying influential researchers, key collaboration networks, and potential gaps or opportunities for new collaborations in a specific field of study. Choosing ten as a minimum number of documents,out of 7665 authors,20 met the threshold. Fig 16 and Table 14 highlight the co-authorship between them.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 14:Details of Authors in different clusters of co-authorship network.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 236px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCluster\u0026nbsp;Number,\u0026nbsp;Items\u0026nbsp;and Colour\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 388px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthors\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 236px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster\u0026nbsp;1\u0026nbsp;(5 items),Red\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 388px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eElhai,\u0026nbsp;J.D.,\u0026nbsp;Liu,\u0026nbsp;T.,\u0026nbsp;Montag,\u0026nbsp;C.,\u0026nbsp;Rozgonjuk,\u0026nbsp;D.,\u0026nbsp;Yang,\u0026nbsp;H.,\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 236px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster\u0026nbsp;2\u0026nbsp;(4 items),Green\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 388px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDemetrovics,\u0026nbsp;Z.,\u0026nbsp;Griffiths,\u0026nbsp;M.D.,Kuss,\u0026nbsp;D.J.,\u0026nbsp;Mei, S.,\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 236px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster\u0026nbsp;3\u0026nbsp;(3 item),Blue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 388px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLin,\u0026nbsp;C.Y.,\u0026nbsp;Pakpour,\u0026nbsp;A.H.,\u0026nbsp;Potenza, M.N.,\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 236px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster\u0026nbsp;4\u0026nbsp;(3 item),Yellow\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 388px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLei,\u0026nbsp;L.,\u0026nbsp;Wang,\u0026nbsp;P.,\u0026nbsp;Zhang, G.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInstitution\u0026nbsp;collaboration\u0026nbsp;network analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVOS viewer software was employed to visualise co-authorship between institutions, helping to identify collaborative networks and track their evolution over time. The analysis focused on institutions that produced ten or more papers, with the results presented in Figure 17. In this visualisation, node size represented publication volume, links depicted co-authorship connections, and node colours indicated distinct clusters.From the 5865 organisations, a minimum number of documents was chosen for seven institutions that met the threshold and were included in the analysis. Instead of analysing individual authors, this approach aggregates data at the institutional level, focusing on how organisations collaborate with one another based on their authors\u0026rsquo; co-authored papers.The network shows organisations as nodes, with the connections (or edges) representing co-authorship ties. The more papers institutions co-author, the stronger the link between them in the network. The findings suggest that inter-institutional collaborations predominantly occur within national borders. Institutions with higher publication outputs tended to collaborate more frequently with others, indicating that fostering institutional partnerships could enhance the quality and quantity of research outputs.(Table 15)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 15:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDetails of organisations in different clusters of institution collaboration network analysis.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCluster\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;Number, Items and Colour\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 492px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOrganisation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster 1,5 Items, red),\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 492px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eConnecticut\u0026nbsp;Council\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;Problem\u0026nbsp;Gambling,\u0026nbsp;USA\u0026nbsp;(Document=8,\u0026nbsp;Citations=348\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Total\u0026nbsp;link strength=25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eConnecticut Mental Health Center (Document=7, Citations=294 and Total link strength=23) Department of nursing, School of Health and Welfare, J\u0026ouml;nk\u0026ouml;ping University Document=10, Citations=563 and Total link strength=27) Department of occupational therapy ,school of medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital (Document=8, Citations=239 and Total link strength=25) Institute of allied health science , school of medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital (Document=8, Citations= 239 and Total link strength=25)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster 2,5 Items (green)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 492px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDepartment\u0026nbsp;of molecular psychology, Universit\u0026auml;t Ulm\u0026nbsp;(Document=19,\u0026nbsp;Citations=793 and Total\u0026nbsp;link strength=19)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDepartment\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;psychiatary,The\u0026nbsp;University\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Toledo(Document=16,\u0026nbsp;Citations=1774\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Total\u0026nbsp;link strength=24)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDepartment of\u0026nbsp;psychology,The University of Toledo\u0026nbsp;(Document=15, Citations= 1089 and Total link strength=23)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInstitute\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;mathematics\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;statistics,\u0026nbsp;Tartu\u0026nbsp;University(Document=8,\u0026nbsp;Citations=344\u0026nbsp;and Total\u0026nbsp;link strength=9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInstitute of psychology ,elteEotvoslorand university (Document=7, Citations=20 and Total link strength=4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster 3, 3 Items\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 492px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePsychology Department, University of Nottingham (Document=19, Citations=1112 and Total link strength=24)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSchool of humanities and social science, Gannan Medical College (Document=7, Citations= 270and Total link strength=8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSchool\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;public\u0026nbsp;health,Jilin\u0026nbsp;University\u0026nbsp;(Document=7,\u0026nbsp;Citations=\u0026nbsp;245\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Total\u0026nbsp;link strength=8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCountries\u0026nbsp;Collaboration\u0026nbsp;network analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe visualization of international research collaboration, featuring countries with a minimum productivity of 50 publications, is presented in Fig.18 each\u0026nbsp;node represents a country, with node size indicating its publication volume or contribution level. Links between nodes depict collaborative relationships, where thicker links denote stronger or more frequent partnerships. The map reveals 22 countries organized into three clusters, each distinguished by a unique color.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe analysis underscores that the United States has the strongest collaborative network (link strength = 260), followed by China (link strength = 192), the United Kingdom (link strength = 184), Germany (link strength = 83), Italy (link strength = 64), and Australia (link strength = 72). The line thickness between countries reflects the intensity of their collaboration. Countries within the same color cluster share closer research ties, as detailed in Table 16.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003cstrong\u003eTable 16:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDetails of country in different clusters of country collaboration network map\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 246px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCluster\u0026nbsp;Number,\u0026nbsp;Items\u0026nbsp;and Colour\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 365px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCountry\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 246px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster 1, (4 items), Red\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 365px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAustralia, Canada, India, Saudi Arabia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 246px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster 2, (4 items), Green\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 365px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eItaly, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 246px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster 3, (4 item), Blue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 365px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Taiwan\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 246px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCluster 4, (4 item), Blue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 365px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChina,\u0026nbsp;Germany,\u0026nbsp;South\u0026nbsp;Korea,\u0026nbsp;United States\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe bibliometric analysis was aimed to systematically evaluate the research landscape on nomophobia, identifying key trends, influential publications, and major themes within the field. The results reveal a marked increase in research on nomophobia, especially after 2014, marking a turning point where publication rates shifted from relatively low and stable to consistent growth. The exponential rise that began in 2019 underscores a transition to intensified scholarly engagement, with 2023 witnessing the highest number of publications. This growth pattern signals that nomophobia has become a significant topic in behavioural and psychological studies, driven by increasing awareness of mobile technology\u0026apos;s impact on mental health.A study conducted by Manu et al. highlights that nomophobia is an emerging mental health condition, especially in male adolescents, and it is significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and poor quality of life.(19)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe distribution of research across fields shows that Medicine and Psychology are central to nomophobia studies, collectively contributing almost half of the total research output. This dominance reflects the intersection of nomophobia with health-related disciplines, particularly given its association with mental well-being and addiction-like symptoms.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe study conducted by Mirza et al. underscores the need to address smartphone addiction and nomophobia as significant public health and social issues. With the rise of smartphone dependency, the implications for mental health and social interactions are profound, necessitating targeted interventions and awareness programs to mitigate their impact on individual lifestyles and societal well-being.(20)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSocial Sciences and Computer Science, though smaller in contribution, represent crucial complementary fields that focus on societal impacts and technological aspects of mobile dependency. The presence of research in Environmental Science, Neuroscience, and even Arts and Humanities illustrates the multidisciplinary reach of nomophobia, with implications ranging from neural responses to social and environmental factors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmong the leading researchers, a small group has emerged as highly influential in advancing the field, with Griffiths, Elhai, and Montag making significant contributions both in terms of publication volume and citation impact. This elite group represents a geographically diverse\u0026nbsp;set of institutions, reflecting international interest and collaboration in this research area. Their contributions, particularly in widelycited studies exploring psychological and behavioural dimensions of nomophobia, have laid a foundation for future investigations into its causes, effects, and interventions. Griffiths et al., in their highest cited paper,highlighted the lack of validity of the behavioural addiction model applied to PMPU (Problematic mobile phone use),and the study also demonstrated that PMPU is a heterogeneous and multi-faceted condition.(11) The most influential paper by Elhai et al. demonstrated that fear of missing out, the need for touch, anxiety and depression are related to problematic smartphone use and the highest cited paper.(15) Montag et al., in their highest-cited paper \u0026ldquo;How to overcome taxonomical problems in the study of Internet use disorders and what to do with \u0026ldquo;smartphone addiction\u0026rdquo;.(21)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInstitutional contributions show that a select few organizations, including Nottingham Trent University and prominent\u0026nbsp;Chinese institutions, play a pivotal\u0026nbsp;role in advancing\u0026nbsp;research. These institutions have led through high publication counts, with strong national networks of collaboration.\u0026nbsp;The\u0026nbsp;predominance\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;Chinese\u0026nbsp;institutions\u0026nbsp;among\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;top\u0026nbsp;contributors\u0026nbsp;indicates\u0026nbsp;a concentrated interest and funding support for nomophobia studies in that country, likely driven by the scale and scope of mobile technology use and its social effects.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe country-level analysis identifies China and the United States as the primary contributors, with substantial collaborative networks connecting them to other nations.China and the United States are leading contributors to research on mental health issues, driven by both nations\u0026rsquo; recognition of mental health as a critical public health concern and their substantial\u0026nbsp;investments in mental health research and services. In China, recent policy initiatives, such as the \u0026ldquo;Healthy China 2030\u0026rdquo; plan, emphasize mental health as a national priority, resulting in increased funding for mental health research and infrastructure, especially in response to a growing prevalence of mental health disorders among youth and older adults. The U.S. similarly prioritizes mental health through federal agencies like the National Institute of Mental\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHealth (NIMH), which funds extensive research into mental health conditions, treatments, and prevention strategies. Collaborative research projects between these countries are further motivated by shared challenges, including the rising incidence of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. Moreover, the recent COVID-19 pandemic heightened awareness of mental health globally, prompting joint research initiatives and data-sharing agreements. The availability of digital tools and telemedicine platforms has also facilitated collaborative mental health research, allowing researchers in both countries to reach diverse populations, test interventions, and share findings in real-time, strengthening their roles as central players in advancing global mental health research.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe collaborative strength between countries indicates a shared research agenda on nomophobia, particularly among nations with advanced research infrastructures and widespread mobile technology adoption. This international cooperation suggests that nomophobia, while culturally nuanced, is recognized as a global phenomenon with shared academic and practical concerns.One of the influential papers by Wolniewicz et al. is an example of a country\u0026apos;s collaborative output on a common agenda of nomophobia.(22)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn\u0026nbsp;terms\u0026nbsp;of publication venues, a\u0026nbsp;small group\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;journals has\u0026nbsp;become\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;central\u0026nbsp;repository for nomophobia research, supporting Bradford\u0026rsquo;s Law, which posits that a core of journals accounts\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;majority\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;publications\u0026nbsp;in any\u0026nbsp;research\u0026nbsp;domain. Key\u0026nbsp;journals like \u0026ldquo;Computers in Human Behavior\u0026rdquo;,\u0026ldquo;PLOS ONE\u0026rdquo;, and the \u0026ldquo;Journal of Behavioral Addictions\u0026rdquo; serve as\u0026nbsp;primary sources for disseminating research on mobile phone addiction and related psychological impacts. The concentration of nomophobia studies in these journals underscores the importance of behavioural and social science platforms in facilitating discourse on technology-induced stress and addiction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKeyword analysis reveals a thematic evolution in nomophobia research, with terms like \u0026quot;fear\u0026nbsp;of missing out\u0026quot; (FoMO), \u0026quot;smartphone addiction,\u0026quot; and \u0026quot;problematic smartphone use\u0026quot; gaining prominence. This shift reflects growing concerns around mental health outcomes linked to mobile dependency, such as anxiety, depression, and social media addiction. The rising prominence of keywords related to adolescents, addiction, and social networking signals that researchers\u0026nbsp;are\u0026nbsp;increasingly focused on\u0026nbsp;vulnerable populations and\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;pervasive influence\u0026nbsp;of social media platforms. A study conducted by Mehmet et al. highlights that there was an increase in the prevalence of Nomophobia and Smartphone Addiction during the COVID-19 due to home confinement and restricted activities to curb the virus\u0026rsquo;s spread.(23,24) Today, many young adults leave home for college or work, and both parents and children often rely\u0026nbsp;on excessive mobile phone use to maintain a sense of security and social control. However, this use creates a paradox: despite being in the same room, children are virtually unsupervised, freely connecting with peers online. This constant connectivity fosters an \u0026quot;over- connection syndrome,\u0026quot; where excessive mobile phone use diminishes face-to-face interactions and weakens family and social bonds. This condition aligns with \u0026quot;techno-stress,\u0026quot;\u0026nbsp;a term describing individuals who avoid in-person interaction, often leading to isolation and, eventually, depression.(1)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCo-occurrence analysis of keywords further illustrates clustering within this field, with major themes encompassing mobile addiction, psychological effects, and social media use. This is may be due to those themes are interlinked with common mental health conditions, nomophobia may act as a proxy for other disorders, making its diagnosis challenging. Certain mental disorders can trigger nomophobia and vice versa, creating complexities for both family\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003emembers and physicians, as nomophobia shares symptoms with other conditions. Therefore, it should be diagnosed by exclusion.(1)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe thematic analysis highlights distinct clusters, indicating that nomophobia research is diversifying. Central themes like mobile addiction and problematic smartphone use are well- developed, while topics such as FoMO and loneliness remain foundational but are growing\u0026nbsp;in significance. Less developed areas, including studies on psychometric properties and scale development,are either emerging or declining in relevance, underscoring the need for robust measurement tools to further solidify this field\u0026apos;s empirical foundations. The limited development of psychometric properties and scale creation in nomophobia research is due\u0026nbsp;to the field\u0026apos;s recent emergence and the rapid evolution of technology, which often outpaces the creation of standardized tools. Early studies focused more on central themes, such as mobile addiction, than on measurement development. Cultural and individual differences further complicate the creation of universally applicable scales, as perceptions of nomophobia vary.(25) Consequently, psychometric validation is now gaining attention to ensure reliable tools that reflect nomophobia\u0026rsquo;s complexity across populations.(26)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnalysis of trending topics identifies mobile addiction, social networking, and psychological factors as focal points in recent research, suggesting a shift toward examining deeper social and mental health implications of nomophobia. This trend reflects a broadening in scope from merely identifying nomophobia as an issue to investigating its societal impacts and underlying psychological drivers. Systematic literature by Sohn et al. highlighted that PSU (problematic smartphone use ) was reported in approximately one in every four CYP(children and young people)\u0026nbsp;and accompanied by increased odds of poorer mental health conditions like depression, increased anxiety and higher perceived stress and poor sleep quality.(27)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCo-cited author analysis identifies influential scholars and collaborative clusters within the field. The frequent co-citation of researchers like Griffiths and Elhai suggests that their work forms a cornerstone of nomophobia research, particularly in exploring behavioral and psychological correlates of mobile dependency. These clusters highlight the intellectual structure of the field, showing which scholars have made foundational contributions and continue to drive research forward focussing on different psychological and mental health parameters like self-esteem ,life satisfaction, depression ,anxiety, self-injury, psychological disteress in vulnerable age group.(28\u0026ndash;33)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLastly, the collaboration networks at the institutional and international levels reveal extensive cooperation, with top institutions and countries forming cohesive research networks. These partnerships reflect a concentrated effort to address the complexities of nomophobia, supported by funding bodies and scholarly networks. While collaborations remain primarily national, there is an evident trend toward increased international research exchange, likely in response to nomophobia\u0026apos;s relevance across cultures and regions.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe study highlights a rapid rise in nomophobia research, particularly post-2019, with\u0026nbsp;Medicine and Psychology leading the discourse. A small group of influential researchers and institutions has shaped the field, showing significant international and interdisciplinary collaboration, especially between China and the United States. Key journals in behavioural and social sciences have become central to disseminating findings, reflecting the importance of\u0026nbsp;these\u0026nbsp;perspectives\u0026nbsp;on\u0026nbsp;technology-induced\u0026nbsp;stress.\u0026nbsp;Thematic\u0026nbsp;analysis\u0026nbsp;reveals\u0026nbsp;a\u0026nbsp;shift\u0026nbsp;from recognizing\u0026nbsp;nomophobia as\u0026nbsp;a standalone phenomenon\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;examining\u0026nbsp;its\u0026nbsp;broader\u0026nbsp;psychological and societal impacts, particularly among adolescents and social media users.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Limitations","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis bibliometric analysis on nomophobia has several limitations. Firstly, the study is reliant on the accuracy and completeness of the Scopus databases used for data collection, which may not capture all relevant publications. Additionally, the focus on English-language publications may introduce a language bias, potentially overlooking significant research published in other languages. The categorization of publications into specific fields may also be subjective and can vary across different databases. Furthermore, the analysis primarily emphasizes publication counts and citation metrics, which may not fully reflect the quality or impact of individual studies.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor\u0026nbsp;Contributions:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDr.\u0026nbsp;Sudip\u0026nbsp;Bhattacharya:\u0026nbsp;Conceptualization,\u0026nbsp;writing\u0026nbsp;original\u0026nbsp;draft,\u0026nbsp;review\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;editing, Dr.Alok Singh and Dr. Akanksha Singh: Data visualization, Data curation, writing – original draft and reviewing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflicting\u0026nbsp;interests:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThe\u0026nbsp;authors\u0026nbsp;have\u0026nbsp;no\u0026nbsp;conflicts\u0026nbsp;of\u0026nbsp;interest\u0026nbsp;to\u0026nbsp;declare.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthical\u0026nbsp;approval:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eNot\u0026nbsp;required.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThe\u0026nbsp;authors\u0026nbsp;received\u0026nbsp;no\u0026nbsp;financial\u0026nbsp;support\u0026nbsp;for\u0026nbsp;the\u0026nbsp;research,\u0026nbsp;authorship,\u0026nbsp;and/or publication of this article\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClinical trial number:\u003c/strong\u003e Not applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent to Participate declaration:\u003c/strong\u003e Not applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent to Publish declaration:\u003c/strong\u003e Not applicable\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBhattacharya S, Bashar MA, Srivastava A, Singh A. 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Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Comput Hum Behav. 2013 Jul 1;29(4):1841\u0026ndash;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eElmer T, Mepham K, Stadtfeld C. Students under lockdown: Comparisons of students\u0026rsquo; social networks and mental health before and during the COVID-19 crisis in Switzerland. PloS One. 2020;15(7):e0236337.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan Disordered Mobile Phone Use Be Considered a Behavioral Addiction? An Update on Current Evidence and a Comprehensive Model for Future Research | Current Addiction Reports [Internet]. [cited 2024 Nov 8]. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40429-015-0054-y\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSocial Networking Sites and Addiction: Ten Lessons Learned - PubMed [Internet]. [cited 2024 Nov 8]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28304359/\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAn investigation of mental health status of children and adolescents in china during the outbreak of COVID-19 - PubMed [Internet]. [cited 2024 Nov 8]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32658812/\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnline social media fatigue and psychological wellbeing\u0026mdash;A study of compulsive use, fear of missing out, fatigue, anxiety and depression - ScienceDirect [Internet]. [cited 2024 Nov 8]. Available from: https://sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0268401217310629\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFear of missing out, need for touch, anxiety and depression are related to problematic smartphone use - ScienceDirect [Internet]. [cited 2024 Nov 8]. Available from: https://sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0747563216304125\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFox J, Moreland JJ. The dark side of social networking sites: An exploration of the relational and psychological stressors associated with Facebook use and affordances. Comput Hum Behav. 2015 Apr 1;45:168\u0026ndash;76.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExtraversion, neuroticism, attachment style and fear of missing out as predictors of social media use and addiction - ScienceDirect [Internet]. [cited 2024 Nov 8]. Available from: https://sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886917302891\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNo More FOMO: Limiting Social Media Decreases Loneliness and Depression | Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology [Internet]. [cited 2024 Nov 8]. Available from: https://guilfordjournals.com/doi/10.1521/jscp.2018.37.10.751\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSharma M, Amandeep, Mathur DM, Jeenger J. Nomophobia and its relationship with depression, anxiety, and quality of life in adolescents. Ind Psychiatry J. 2020 Aug 14;28(2):231.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBaig MG, Rajini T. The Influence of Smartphone Addiction and Nomophobia on Lifestyle and Mental Health: Behavioural Disruptions and Intervention Strategies.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHow to overcome taxonomical problems in the study of Internet use disorders and what to do with \u0026ldquo;smartphone addiction\u0026rdquo;? - PubMed [Internet]. [cited 2024 Nov 8]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31668089/\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWolniewicz CA, Tiamiyu MF, Weeks JW, Elhai JD. Problematic smartphone use and relations with negative affect, fear of missing out, and fear of negative and positive evaluation. Psychiatry Res. 2018;262:618\u0026ndash;23.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNilsson A, Rosendahl I, Jayaram-Lindstr\u0026ouml;m N. Gaming and social media use among adolescents in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nord Alkohol- Nark NAT. 2022 Aug;39(4):347\u0026ndash;61.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAydin MK, Kuş M. Nomophobia and smartphone addiction amidst COVID-19 home confinement: the parallel mediating role of digital gaming and social media tools usage across secondary school students. Front Psychol [Internet]. 2023 May 16 [cited 2024 Nov 8];14. Available from: https://frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1175555/full\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYildirim C, Correia AP. Understanding Nomophobia: A Modern Age Phobia Among College Students. In 2015. p. 724\u0026ndash;35.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePsychometric evaluation of Persian Nomophobia Questionnaire: Differential item functioning and measurement invariance across gender - PMC [Internet]. [cited 2024 Nov 14]. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6035024/\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSohn S, Rees P, Wildridge B, Kalk NJ, Carter B. Prevalence of problematic smartphone usage and associated mental health outcomes amongst children and young people: a systematic review, meta-analysis and GRADE of the BMC Psychiatry. 2019;19(1).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRudolf R, Kim N. Smartphone use, gender, and adolescent mental health: Longitudinal evidence from South Korea. SSM - Popul Health. 2024;28.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMalik L, Shahnawaz MG, Rehman U, Pragyendu, Uniyal R, Griffiths MD. Mediating Roles of Fear of Missing Out and Boredom Proneness on Psychological Distress and Social Media Addiction Among Indian Adolescents. J Technol Behav Sci. 2024;9(2):224\u0026ndash;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLiu X, Yan N, Wang L, He K, Zhang W, Zhang X, et al. Mobile phone addiction and self-injury in adolescents with MDD: mediation by self-esteem and depression, and the failure of usage restrictions. BMC Psychiatry. 2024;24(1).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDong X, Kan W, Song S, Yan Z, Xu M. Perceived stress and life satisfaction: the mediating roles of sport commitment and mobile phone addiction. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePaudel K, Shah S, Khanal P, Bhattarai M, Gautam K, Bhusal S, et al. Association of sleep quality, smartphone addiction, and depressive symptoms among undergraduate medical students in Nepal. Discov Psychol. 2024;4(1).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDou X, Lu J, Yu Y, Yi Y, Zhou L. The impact of depression and anxiety on mobile phone addiction and the mediating effect of self-esteem. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"AIIMS Deoghar","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"nomophobia, anxiety, mental health,","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7587735/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7587735/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntroduction: \u003c/strong\u003eNomophobia, short for \"NO MObilePHonephoBIA,\" describes a psychological condition where individuals experience intense anxiety when disconnected from mobile phone connectivity. While termed a \"phobia,\" it is more accurately viewed as an anxiety disorder.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAim: \u003c/strong\u003eThe aim of this bibliometric analysis is to systematically evaluate the research landscape on nomophobia, identifying key trends, influential publications, and major themes within the field.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethodology: \u003c/strong\u003eIn the preliminary planning, search queries were structured around primary terms like \"nomophobia\" and secondary combinations to expand the literature review. Specific research questions guided the analysis of nomophobia research from 2010 to 2024. Data from Scopus included metadata such as authors, titles, keywords, affiliations, citations, and publication details. This bibliometric analysis, utilizing biblioshiny and VOS viewer, explores trends through three key components: conceptual structure (themes and trends), intellectual structure (author influence), and social structure (collaborations). These were examined using thematic mapping, co-citation, and collaboration networks to highlight achievements and future challenges in the field.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults: \u003c/strong\u003eSince 2014, nomophobia publications have consistently risen, peaking at 487 in 2023. Medicine (28%) and Psychology (21.2%) are the leading fields. A total of 7,665 authors contributed, with Griffiths, M.D., Elhai, J.D., and Montag, C. leading at 10% of publications. Nottingham Trent University is the top institution, while China, the U.S., the U.K., and Turkey are the most active countries. The top ten journals, including “International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health” and “Frontiers in Psychiatry,” account for one- third of studies. Co-citation analysis identifies “Computers in Human Behavior” as a key journal. China’s National Natural Science Foundation leads in funding, and co-authorship networks show national collaboration trends. Keywords like nomophobia, smartphone addiction, and FOMO are dominant, with recent growth in terms such as social media addiction and adolescents since 2020. Network visualizations highlight Griffiths, M.D., and Elhai, J.D. as central in co-citation, with strong U.S., China, and U.K. international research ties.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Bound by Pixels: A Bibliometric Journey (2010- 2024) through Nomophobia","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-09-12 16:39:52","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7587735/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"290d1acd-34a3-4104-a8d7-58b75f97ab9e","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 12th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":54540235,"name":"Psychiatry"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-09-12T16:39:52+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-09-12 16:39:52","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7587735","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7587735","identity":"rs-7587735","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}