Integration of Aeromagnetic, Geological, and Geochemical Techniques for Mineral Exploration in Orin-Ekiti and Its Environs, Southwestern Nigeria

Integration of Aeromagnetic, Geological, and Geochemical Techniques for Mineral Exploration in Orin-Ekiti and Its Environs, Southwestern Nigeria | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Integration of Aeromagnetic, Geological, and Geochemical Techniques for Mineral Exploration in Orin-Ekiti and Its Environs, Southwestern Nigeria Adebisi Matthew Iwabi, Ayodele Samuel Olusiji, Olususi Joseph Ige This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8054041/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The study of Orin and its surrounding areas within the Precambrian Basement Complex of southwestern Nigeria addresses the limited integration of geological, geochemical, and geophysical investigations that has constrained understanding of the region’s mineralization potential. This research integrates aeromagnetic interpretation, geological mapping, and geochemical analysis to delineate lithological boundaries, structural trends, and potential mineralized zones. Geological mapping at a 1:25,000 scale identified four main lithologies: banded gneiss, granite gneiss, charnockite, and granite. Aeromagnetic data (Sheet 244, Ado-Ekiti), processed using reduction-to-equator (RTE), first vertical derivative (FVD), analytic signal (AS), and Euler deconvolution (EUD), revealed dominant NE–SW and NW–SE structural trends. EUD results indicated mineralization zones at mesothermal depths (2,000–2,400 m), suggesting Cu, Zn, Au, Ag, and Pb occurrences. Petrographic analysis showed high quartz (62.11–78.34 wt%) and moderate plagioclase (10.04–21.02 wt%), reflecting acidic magmatic crystallization. Geochemically, SiO₂ (60.47–78.4%) and Al₂O₃ (10.59–17.38%) contents indicate siliceous and aluminosilicate compositions. Factor analysis extracted five components explaining 93.87% of total variance, with Group I (Cu–Pb–Zn–Mn–Fe) accounting for 35.24%, signifying polymetallic sulfide mineralization, while Groups II–III (Pb–As–Rb) contributed 24.74%, representing hydrothermal pathfinder associations. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships among Cu–Cr (0.922), Cu–Zn (0.731), Zn–Pb (0.726), Zn–Cr (0.593), Co–Ni (0.891), and Ni–Cr (0.955), suggesting a common hydrothermal origin. The integrated results indicate structurally controlled mesothermal sulfide and gold mineralization along NE–SW and NW–SE shear zones, highlighting significant base-metal potential within the Nigerian Basement Complex. Integrated techniques Euler Deconvolution hydrothermal fluid Acidic Mineralization Basement Complex Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8054041","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":542726675,"identity":"8620ac03-d54c-4cfa-a095-3d05061ffda8","order_by":0,"name":"Adebisi Matthew 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Nigeria\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Integrated techniques, Euler Deconvolution, hydrothermal fluid, Acidic, Mineralization, Basement Complex","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8054041/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8054041/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe study of Orin and its surrounding areas within the Precambrian Basement Complex of southwestern Nigeria addresses the limited integration of geological, geochemical, and geophysical investigations that has constrained understanding of the region\u0026rsquo;s mineralization potential. This research integrates aeromagnetic interpretation, geological mapping, and geochemical analysis to delineate lithological boundaries, structural trends, and potential mineralized zones. Geological mapping at a 1:25,000 scale identified four main lithologies: banded gneiss, granite gneiss, charnockite, and granite. Aeromagnetic data (Sheet 244, Ado-Ekiti), processed using reduction-to-equator (RTE), first vertical derivative (FVD), analytic signal (AS), and Euler deconvolution (EUD), revealed dominant NE\u0026ndash;SW and NW\u0026ndash;SE structural trends. EUD results indicated mineralization zones at mesothermal depths (2,000\u0026ndash;2,400 m), suggesting Cu, Zn, Au, Ag, and Pb occurrences. Petrographic analysis showed high quartz (62.11\u0026ndash;78.34 wt%) and moderate plagioclase (10.04\u0026ndash;21.02 wt%), reflecting acidic magmatic crystallization. Geochemically, SiO₂ (60.47\u0026ndash;78.4%) and Al₂O₃ (10.59\u0026ndash;17.38%) contents indicate siliceous and aluminosilicate compositions. Factor analysis extracted five components explaining 93.87% of total variance, with Group I (Cu\u0026ndash;Pb\u0026ndash;Zn\u0026ndash;Mn\u0026ndash;Fe) accounting for 35.24%, signifying polymetallic sulfide mineralization, while Groups II\u0026ndash;III (Pb\u0026ndash;As\u0026ndash;Rb) contributed 24.74%, representing hydrothermal pathfinder associations. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships among Cu\u0026ndash;Cr (0.922), Cu\u0026ndash;Zn (0.731), Zn\u0026ndash;Pb (0.726), Zn\u0026ndash;Cr (0.593), Co\u0026ndash;Ni (0.891), and Ni\u0026ndash;Cr (0.955), suggesting a common hydrothermal origin. The integrated results indicate structurally controlled mesothermal sulfide and gold mineralization along NE\u0026ndash;SW and NW\u0026ndash;SE shear zones, highlighting significant base-metal potential within the Nigerian Basement Complex.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Integration of Aeromagnetic, Geological, and Geochemical Techniques for Mineral Exploration in Orin-Ekiti and Its Environs, Southwestern Nigeria","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-11-11 10:17:52","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8054041/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"16ec188f-3d26-4f53-b1a5-50ae6473f5b1","owner":[],"postedDate":"November 11th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-11-11T16:19:33+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-11-11 10:17:52","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8054041","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8054041","identity":"rs-8054041","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}