Population genomics of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd: adaptive variation in its natural range in Niger

Population genomics of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd: adaptive variation in its natural range in Niger | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Population genomics of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd: adaptive variation in its natural range in Niger Aichatou Assoumane, Ali Abdoulkadri Abdoulaye, Abdel Kader Naino Jika, and 4 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8339114/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. is a widespread dryland tree valued for its ecological roles and economic significance in gum Arabic production. In Niger, the species spans a sharp east–west environmental gradient across three major basins, varying in rainfall and temperature. To assess how environmental factors shape genetic structure and local adaptation, we applied a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approach to 81 individuals sampled from natural populations across the western, central, and eastern regions. We found a low differentiation within basins but higher divergence between western and eastern populations. We identified 162 candidate SNPs showing signature of selection, of which two (SNP1282, SNP3577) were consistently detected across the three different methods used. These environmental association analyses revealed significant correlations between allele frequencies, annual precipitation and maximum temperature, suggesting divergent selection pressures across the gradient. The distinctiveness of eastern populations, combined with their exposure to arid conditions, highlights their importance for conservation. These findings provide information into climate-driven adaptation in A. senegal and support targeted management of its genetic resources under projected environmental change. Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. population genomics environmental gradient local adaptation genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) Sahel Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files Supplementaryfile.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8339114","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":573032435,"identity":"eb715dc0-6b74-4a70-b2da-731eadb5b2f2","order_by":0,"name":"Aichatou Assoumane","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"Université Abdou Moumouni, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Aichatou","middleName":"","lastName":"Assoumane","suffix":""},{"id":573032445,"identity":"51eb3cf1-2bcf-4c47-89b0-dd432e03a57a","order_by":1,"name":"Ali Abdoulkadri Abdoulaye","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Université Abdou Moumouni, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ali","middleName":"Abdoulkadri","lastName":"Abdoulaye","suffix":""},{"id":573032447,"identity":"ea755baa-aced-4efc-8d7f-07c346368723","order_by":2,"name":"Abdel Kader Naino Jika","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Université Abdou Moumouni, Faculté d’Agronomie","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Abdel","middleName":"Kader Naino","lastName":"Jika","suffix":""},{"id":573032450,"identity":"d3fcdcc6-d298-4d14-89d2-f6bbffa6efc6","order_by":3,"name":"Moussa Tidjani","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Moussa","middleName":"","lastName":"Tidjani","suffix":""},{"id":573032465,"identity":"862b32b2-4d7d-4cfe-92ad-4ab8cbf6ef68","order_by":4,"name":"Djibo Moussa","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Djibo","middleName":"","lastName":"Moussa","suffix":""},{"id":573032467,"identity":"9de40298-ee80-4392-b045-908d07dd77e9","order_by":5,"name":"Cécile Berthoul-Salazar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"DIADE, Univ. 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Willd., population genomics, environmental gradient, local adaptation, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), Sahel","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8339114/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8339114/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eAcacia senegal\u003c/em\u003e (L.) Willd. is a widespread dryland tree valued for its ecological roles and economic significance in gum Arabic production. In Niger, the species spans a sharp east\u0026ndash;west environmental gradient across three major basins, varying in rainfall and temperature. To assess how environmental factors shape genetic structure and local adaptation, we applied a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approach to 81 individuals sampled from natural populations across the western, central, and eastern regions. 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