Spectral and Energy Efficiency for Uplink Massive MIMO Systems

Abstract Mobile networks like 5G, 6G, and the beyond facing aggravating challenges regarding the handling of an increasing number of massive devices. In fact, a large number of terminal sends bunch of streams to small array of antennas simultaneously. This increasing burst of data traffic requires prudent handlers therefore, a large array of Multiuser Multi input and Multi out (MIMO) strategies has been proposed to handle the growing demand of mobile traffic. In the first phase, the spectral, and energy efficiency of uplinking massive MIMO system has been achieved through linear receivers which compute the factors like Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), Zero Forcing (ZF), and Maximum Ratio Combing (MRC). While in the second phase the relationship between received power and the base station antenna is analyzed by considering the perfect and imperfect channel state information. The outcome of the proposed method has been analyzed through MATLAB simulation which vouched that MRC receivers have performed worse than the MMSE and ZF receivers. Nonetheless, when power levels have dropped the crosstalk provided by the lower MRC cascades under the noise threshold, making the receiver a feasible option. Subsequently, the tradeoff between spectral and energy efficiency is analyzed by comparing to a small antenna array and it has been proven that by employing a fairly large antenna array i.e; 100 antennas, the energy and spectral efficiency can be enhanced by orders of 4 and 3 magnitudes respectively.