Combined Effects of Global Monopole and Cosmic string on Electromagnetic Waves in Curved Space-time

Combined Effects of Global Monopole and Cosmic string on Electromagnetic Waves in Curved Space-time | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Combined Effects of Global Monopole and Cosmic string on Electromagnetic Waves in Curved Space-time Meshwa Garnet Kurbah, Faizudin Ahmed This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6385122/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In this work, we investigate the behavior of electromagnetic waves in curved space-time, specifically within the Ellis-Bronnikov-Morris-Thorne-type (EBMT) traversable wormhole geometry, under the combined influence of global monopoles and cosmic strings. We analyze Maxwell’s vacuum field equations in this geometry to understand how the wormhole structure, together with these topological defects, affects the propagation of electromagnetic f ields. By deriving and solving Maxwell’s equations analytically using special functions, we demonstrate that the wormhole throat radius plays a critical role in shaping the behavior of electromagnetic waves. Moreover, the presence of both the global monopole and cosmic string introduces notable modifications to the electromagnetic f ields, significantly altering wave dynamics compared to those in flat Minkowski space-time. Additionally, we examine the electromagnetic fields in Minkowski space-time under the combined effects of global monopoles and cosmic strings, obtaining analytical expressions for the fields and analyzing the results. These findings offer valuable insights into the complex interaction between electromagnetic phenomena and the geometry of curved space-time with topological defects. PACS Number: 04.20.Jb; 14.80.Hv; 03.50.De; 02.30.Gp; 02.30.Hq Astrophysics and Cosmology Theoretical Physics Traversable wormholes Magnetic monopoles cosmic strings Maxwell’s Equations special functions Confluent Heun Function Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6385122","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":438966421,"identity":"dec5ca4a-165c-4f29-926e-125191b380a8","order_by":0,"name":"Meshwa Garnet Kurbah","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Science \u0026 Technology Meghalaya","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Meshwa","middleName":"Garnet","lastName":"Kurbah","suffix":""},{"id":438966422,"identity":"8caca536-5cd7-4b22-950b-72b46a67d4e0","order_by":1,"name":"Faizudin Ahmed","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"","institution":"University of Science \u0026 Technology Meghalaya","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Faizudin","middleName":"","lastName":"Ahmed","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-04-06 06:39:38","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":true,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":true},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6385122/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6385122/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":80118524,"identity":"e39797bc-b651-4239-afe0-b971e9bbbcee","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-04-08 06:56:43","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1237162,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"FAMGKcombinedtopologicaldefects.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6385122/v1_covered_4eb6303f-a06b-49a0-9a63-81d6e5649708.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eCombined Effects of Global Monopole and Cosmic string on Electromagnetic Waves in Curved Space-time\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"University of Science \u0026 Technology Meghalaya","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Traversable wormholes, Magnetic monopoles, cosmic strings, Maxwell’s Equations, special functions, Confluent Heun Function","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6385122/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6385122/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIn this work, we investigate the behavior of electromagnetic waves in curved space-time, specifically within \u0026nbsp;the Ellis-Bronnikov-Morris-Thorne-type (EBMT) traversable wormhole geometry, under the combined influence of \u0026nbsp;global monopoles and cosmic strings. We analyze Maxwell’s vacuum field equations in this geometry to understand \u0026nbsp;how the wormhole structure, together with these topological defects, affects the propagation of electromagnetic \u0026nbsp;f \u0026nbsp;ields. By deriving and solving Maxwell’s equations analytically using special functions, we demonstrate that the \u0026nbsp;wormhole throat radius plays a critical role in shaping the behavior of electromagnetic waves. Moreover, the \u0026nbsp;presence of both the global monopole and cosmic string introduces notable modifications to the electromagnetic \u0026nbsp;f \u0026nbsp;ields, significantly altering wave dynamics compared to those in flat Minkowski space-time. Additionally, we \u0026nbsp;examine the electromagnetic fields in Minkowski space-time under the combined effects of global monopoles and \u0026nbsp;cosmic strings, obtaining analytical expressions for the fields and analyzing the results. 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