Heat load and cooling capacity calculation of Air Conditioning system of Rolling stock considering the environmental condition of India

Heat load and cooling capacity calculation of Air Conditioning system of Rolling stock considering the environmental condition of India | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Method Article Heat load and cooling capacity calculation of Air Conditioning system of Rolling stock considering the environmental condition of India Sandeep Srivastava, Gautam Dua, Govindu Sivasankar This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5041523/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The design of the Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system has assumed significant importance in the design of rolling stock due to environmental concerns. Countries like India, which have extreme climatic temperature & humidity during summer and monsoon make designing HVAC system complicated. Proper understanding of the environmental requirements for heat load and cooling capacity calculations will help optimise the design of HVAC systems and avoid over-design that increases weight and power consumption. There are limited high speed train manufacturers who have experience in designing HVAC for varying environmental conditions. A country like India, adopting new high-speed rail, may find it challenging to make any significant changes that could affect HVAC weight and power consumption. Therefore, countries newly developing high-speed rail need to consider this aspect carefully and effectively without compromising on proven design and passenger comfort. This study aims to evaluate heat load and cooling capacity, considering factual environmental data. The study includes an examination of three major aspects of HVAC design for rolling stock and its surroundings with each aspect discussed distinctly. I. Heat load calculation of rolling stock II. Determination of the cooling capacity of the system III. Passenger comfort criteria Heat load and cooling capacity mainly depend on the ambient temperature, humidity, and solar radiation gained through conducting material, windows, and fresh air intake for passengers. The present paper illustrates heat load, and cooling capacity calculation in detail considering values/formulae from ASHARE and then formulating the environmental requirements for Indian conditions by comparing passenger comfort criteria for Indian climatic conditions and cooling requirements. This will be useful for designing and calculating operating criteria for train manufacturers and users for Indian conditions. Systems Engineering Ambient temperature Humidity Heat load Cooling capacity Comfort index Refrigeration Solar irradiance. Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5041523","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Method Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":350305053,"identity":"b7df1389-bf19-4e7d-bf42-d65efbad6baf","order_by":0,"name":"Sandeep Srivastava","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sandeep","middleName":"","lastName":"Srivastava","suffix":""},{"id":350305054,"identity":"22125b56-7af3-47da-8528-dd8e27ea635d","order_by":1,"name":"Gautam Dua","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA4ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBADxgYG5gNAWkKGSNVggi0BpIWHFC08BiAeYS3y7mfMH/zMYZDdcPzM51c3aix4GNgPH92AT4vhmRzDxt5tDMYbzuRus845BnQYT1raDbxaGnIMG3i3MSRuOJC7zTiHDahFgscMv5b+N4aNf0Fazr95Zpzzjwgt8hI5hs1gW27kMD/ObSNCi4HEs8LZstskjGfeeGbGnNsnwcNGyC/y/ckbPr7dZiPbdz758eecb3Vy/OyHj+G35QCYkgARbBASn3KwLQ0INvMHQqpHwSgYBaNgZAIAfrpLijsZ2FwAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-1869","institution":"National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gautam","middleName":"","lastName":"Dua","suffix":""},{"id":350305055,"identity":"4b219977-4a60-4095-9431-db78eec7cc7f","order_by":2,"name":"Govindu Sivasankar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Govindu","middleName":"","lastName":"Sivasankar","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-09-06 04:42:32","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5041523/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5041523/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":64150822,"identity":"8e2c2bc4-3c52-4393-b2e5-b6cc26e72d5a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-09 01:41:13","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":609320,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"HVACPaperLatestspringer.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5041523/v1_covered_87fdb838-2f6e-4d4e-822e-17895ef93c97.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHeat load and cooling capacity calculation of Air Conditioning system of Rolling stock considering the environmental condition of India\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Ambient temperature, Humidity, Heat load, Cooling capacity, Comfort index, Refrigeration, Solar irradiance.","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5041523/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5041523/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe design of the Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system has assumed significant importance in the design of rolling stock due to environmental concerns. Countries like India, which have extreme climatic temperature \u0026amp; humidity during summer and monsoon make designing HVAC system complicated.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProper understanding of the environmental requirements for heat load and cooling capacity calculations will help optimise the design of HVAC systems and avoid over-design that increases weight and power consumption. There are limited high speed train manufacturers who have experience in designing HVAC for varying environmental conditions. A country like India, adopting new high-speed rail, may find it challenging to make any significant changes that could affect HVAC weight and power consumption. Therefore, countries newly developing high-speed rail need to consider this aspect carefully and effectively without compromising on proven design and passenger comfort.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study aims to evaluate heat load and cooling capacity, considering factual environmental data. The study includes an examination of three major aspects of HVAC design for rolling stock and its surroundings with each aspect discussed distinctly.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI. Heat load calculation of rolling stock\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eII. Determination of the cooling capacity of the system\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIII. Passenger comfort criteria\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHeat load and cooling capacity mainly depend on the ambient temperature, humidity, and solar radiation gained through conducting material, windows, and fresh air intake for passengers. The present paper illustrates heat load, and cooling capacity calculation in detail considering values/formulae from ASHARE and then formulating the environmental requirements for Indian conditions by comparing passenger comfort criteria for Indian climatic conditions and cooling requirements. 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