Association of theGIPRGlu354Gln (rs1800437) polymorphism with hypertension in a brazilian population

Objective To know the prevalence of the Glu354Gln polymorphism of the GIPR gene, investigate possible associations with arterial hypertension and relationships with cardiometabolic diseases. Method A total of 311 subjects recruited from the Clinical Hospital of Londrina State University, located in a Brazilian metropolitan area. Random stratification was performed considering gender and geographic regions. Data were collected through interviews including anthropometric, sociodemographic and metabolic diseases related diseases. In order to analyze GIPR Glu354Gln gene polymorphism, polymerase chain reaction followed by followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed. Results The highest prevalence for the allele C carriers were found in the Caucasian 29.4% (p = 0.043, OR = 1,89), hypertensive 37.1% (p < 0.0001), smokers 38.3% (p = 0.014) and dyslipidemic group 41.2% (p = 0.019). In this work 46.9% of the participants (n = 146) presented diseases related to cardiometabolic diseases. The results indicated that 60% of hypertensive patients (p = 0.004) and 64.7% of dyslipidemic patients (p = 0.046) were male. Among participants who presented cardiometabolic diseases, arterial hypertension was the most prevalent disease (71.9%), followed by obesity (43.8%). The family comorbidities history to cardiometabolic diseases (DM2, AH, dyslipidemia and obesity) had no significant association with the GIPR Glu354Gln genetic polymorphism. Although there was no difference in the case-control analyses for GIPR Glu354Gln for cardiometabolic group, regarding C allele carriers there were twice associated with arterial hypertension (p<0,001) and dyslipidemia (p<0,03). Conclusion The prevalence of the GIPR Glu354Gln for the CC genotype and for the C polymorphic allele was 25.7% and 3.2%, respectively. This study shows the potential participation of the GIPR Glu354Gln polymorphism with the pathophysiology of arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia in this Brazilian population. Taking into account the rarity of the CC genotype, additional studies with larger numbers of participants could contribute to a better understanding.